Equalizers. Contents: IIR or FIR for audio filtering? Shelving equalizers Peak equalizers
|
|
- Randell Wilson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Equalizers 1 Equalizers Sources: Zölzer. Digital audio signal processing. Wiley & Sons. Spanias,Painter,Atti. Audio signal processing and coding, Wiley Eargle, Handbook of recording engineering, Springer Contents: Introduction IIR or FIR for audio filtering? Shelving equalizers Peak equalizers
2 1 Introduction Equalizers 2 Spectrum equalization is one of the basic operations of audio processing Equalizers can be found both in consumer products as well as in professional use Consumer products (e.g. car radio or amplifier) often employ simple bass and treble control Recording studios and professional audio often use more complex devices, for example equalizers with one-third octave filters Note about terms The reference textbook uses the terms recursive and non-recursive filter for IIR and FIR filters, respectively
3 2 IIR or FIR for audio processing? Equalizers 3 IIR filters are computationally more efficient Narrow transition band is achieved using a small number of filter coefficients (multiplication operations) FIR filters enable linear phase response = Filtered signal is a delayed version of the original at the passband In the case of audio that is not always important, since the human ear is not very sensitive to frequency component phases Magnitude response is perceptually more important à supports choosing IIR filters Phases at low frequencies affect the stereo image In audio processing, there are some signals where retaining the waveform shape (i.e., phase reponse) is important: for example amplitude envelope as a function of time
4 Equalizers 4 IIR or FIR for audio processing? FIR filters allow more accurate control of the filter response When designing filterbanks, FIR filters enable so-called perfect reconstruction, meaning that analysis/synthesis filterbank does not distort the signal if no processing is done at the subbands Simplifies the design of an audio codec, for example (most use FIR filterbank) Varying the filter response in real time (for example varying the cut-off frequency) is easier with IIR filters Parametric filter structures, tables of parameter values available for different types of operations. One advantage of FIR filters is their granted stability and usually shorter required wordlength when quantizing the filter coefficients and state à Choice FIR / IIR depends on the application
5 3 Shelving equalizers (IIR) Equalizers 5 Shelving equalizers (shelving filters) are used to boost or cut certain frequencies A given frequency band is weighted (boost: > 1, cut: < 1) Unlike filters which aim to remove or certain frequencies Idea: Change the gain of some part of the spectrum while leaving other parts untouched Application to equalization is obvious Manipulating the system frequency response only at a given frequency range
6 First order shelving filter design Equalizers 6 A low-pass shelving filter can be expressed as " 1 b H lp (z) = C 1 z 1 % lp $ ' # 1 a 1 z 1 & 1+ kµ 1 kµ 1 k C lp =, b1=, a1= 1+ k 1+ kµ 1+ k, k = 4 1+ µ tan " Ω % c $ ',µ =10 G/20 # 2 & A high-pass shelving filter " 1 b H hp (z) = C 1 z % 1 hp $ ' # 1 a 1 z 1 & C hp = 1+ p 1+ p, b1= µ p 1 p, a1= µ + p 1+ p, k = " 4 % $ ' # 1+ µ & where G is gain (db) and Ω c is normalized cutoff frequency. 1 " tan Ω % c $ ',µ =10 G/20 # 2 &
7 Equalizers 7 6 db Low-Pass shelving filter responses
8 Shelving filters (IIR) Second-order shelving equalizers Equalizers 8 Figure: magnitude responses of second-order shelving filters Boost/cut of low frequencies: f c = 100 Hz Boost/cut of high frequencies: f c = 5000 Hz In some equalization applications, steep transition bands are not desired, but for example smooth boost or cut towards low frequencies, starting at a given cutoff frequency
9 Feed forward / backward structure for implementing shelving filters Equalizers 9 Consider the forward (= boost) case first: Consists of a high-/low-/bandpass filter H(z) and and all-pass component Transfer function G FW ( z) = 1+ H0H( z) In the cut case: 1 G FB ( z) = 1+ H H( H 0 determines amount of boost or cut H(z) can be low-, high-, or bandpass filter (any filter basically) For example for boosting low frequencies, H(z) is a lowpass filter and the gain at zero frequency will be V 0 = 1+H 0 Note that G FW (z) (boost) and G BW (z) (cut) in a cascade will cancel out each other and lead to unity gain at all frequencies In Feed backward case the transfer function has to take the form 1 to be stable (feedback without delay is not allowed) H ( z) = z H1( z) 0 z )
10 Peak filter Equalizers 10 The transfer function of a peak equalizer " 1+ b H pk (z) = C 1 z 1 + b 2 z 2 % pk $ ',C # 1+ a 1 z 1 + a 2 z 2 pk = 1+ k qµ " 4 % ", k q = $ 'tan Ω % c $ ' & 1+ k q # 1+ µ & # 2Q & b 1 = 2cos(Ω c ) 1+ k q µ, b 2 = 1 k qµ 1+ k q µ, a 1 = 2cos(Ω c ) 1+ k q, a 2 = 1 k q 1+ k q, where Q is quality factor, G is gain (db) and Ω c is normalized cutoff frequency.
11 Equalizers 11 Creative use of equalizers Instead of fixing a problem, creativeness can be expressed with equalizers Fullness: adding +4 to +6dB Hz range to emphasize weak instruments (e.g. acoustic guitar, harp) Crispness: for percussion instruments by adding HF shelving boost above 1-2 khz. Emphasize articulation transients of instruments. E.g. boost frequencies of finger movements on string instruments.
Phase Correction System Using Delay, Phase Invert and an All-pass Filter
Phase Correction System Using Delay, Phase Invert and an All-pass Filter University of Sydney DESC 9115 Digital Audio Systems Assignment 2 31 May 2011 Daniel Clinch SID: 311139167 The Problem Phase is
More informationSignal processing preliminaries
Signal processing preliminaries ISMIR Graduate School, October 4th-9th, 2004 Contents: Digital audio signals Fourier transform Spectrum estimation Filters Signal Proc. 2 1 Digital signals Advantages of
More informationProject 2. Project 2: audio equalizer. Fig. 1: Kinter MA-170 stereo amplifier with bass and treble controls.
Introduction Project 2 Project 2: audio equalizer This project aims to motivate our study o ilters by considering the design and implementation o an audio equalizer. An equalizer (EQ) modiies the requency
More informationECE 5655/4655 Laboratory Problems
Assignment #5 ECE 5655/4655 Laboratory Problems Make Note of the Following: Due MondayApril 29, 2019 If possible write your lab report in Jupyter notebook If you choose to use the spectrum/network analyzer
More informationCopyright S. K. Mitra
1 In many applications, a discrete-time signal x[n] is split into a number of subband signals by means of an analysis filter bank The subband signals are then processed Finally, the processed subband signals
More informationOperational Amplifiers
Operational Amplifiers Continuing the discussion of Op Amps, the next step is filters. There are many different types of filters, including low pass, high pass and band pass. We will discuss each of the
More information4. Design of Discrete-Time Filters
4. Design of Discrete-Time Filters 4.1. Introduction (7.0) 4.2. Frame of Design of IIR Filters (7.1) 4.3. Design of IIR Filters by Impulse Invariance (7.1) 4.4. Design of IIR Filters by Bilinear Transformation
More informationFX Basics. Filtering STOMPBOX DESIGN WORKSHOP. Esteban Maestre. CCRMA - Stanford University August 2013
FX Basics STOMPBOX DESIGN WORKSHOP Esteban Maestre CCRMA - Stanford University August 2013 effects modify the frequency content of the audio signal, achieving boosting or weakening specific frequency bands
More informationEQ s & Frequency Processing
LESSON 9 EQ s & Frequency Processing Assignment: Read in your MRT textbook pages 403-441 This reading will cover the next few lessons Complete the Quiz at the end of this chapter Equalization We will now
More informationActive Filters - Revisited
Active Filters - Revisited Sources: Electronic Devices by Thomas L. Floyd. & Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory by Robert L. Boylestad, Louis Nashelsky Ideal and Practical Filters Ideal and Practical
More informationUNIT IV FIR FILTER DESIGN 1. How phase distortion and delay distortion are introduced? The phase distortion is introduced when the phase characteristics of a filter is nonlinear within the desired frequency
More informationModule 9: Multirate Digital Signal Processing Prof. Eliathamby Ambikairajah Dr. Tharmarajah Thiruvaran School of Electrical Engineering &
odule 9: ultirate Digital Signal Processing Prof. Eliathamby Ambikairajah Dr. Tharmarajah Thiruvaran School of Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications The University of New South Wales Australia ultirate
More informationEECS 452 Midterm Exam Winter 2012
EECS 452 Midterm Exam Winter 2012 Name: unique name: Sign the honor code: I have neither given nor received aid on this exam nor observed anyone else doing so. Scores: # Points Section I /40 Section II
More informationEE482: Digital Signal Processing Applications
Professor Brendan Morris, SEB 3216, brendan.morris@unlv.edu EE482: Digital Signal Processing Applications Spring 2014 TTh 14:30-15:45 CBC C222 Lecture 14 Quiz 04 Review 14/04/07 http://www.ee.unlv.edu/~b1morris/ee482/
More informationTHE BEATING EQUALIZER AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE SYNTHESIS AND MODIFICATION OF PIANO TONES
J. Rauhala, The beating equalizer and its application to the synthesis and modification of piano tones, in Proceedings of the 1th International Conference on Digital Audio Effects, Bordeaux, France, 27,
More informationPresented at the 108th Convention 2000 February Paris, France
Direct Digital Processing of Super Audio CD Signals 5102 (F - 3) James A S Angus Department of Electronics, University of York, England Presented at the 108th Convention 2000 February 19-22 Paris, France
More informationReducing comb filtering on different musical instruments using time delay estimation
Reducing comb filtering on different musical instruments using time delay estimation Alice Clifford and Josh Reiss Queen Mary, University of London alice.clifford@eecs.qmul.ac.uk Abstract Comb filtering
More informationSGN Audio and Speech Processing
Introduction 1 Course goals Introduction 2 SGN 14006 Audio and Speech Processing Lectures, Fall 2014 Anssi Klapuri Tampere University of Technology! Learn basics of audio signal processing Basic operations
More informationSimulating Saturated Vacuum Tube Characteristics of a Valve Guitar Preamp
Simulating Saturated Vacuum Tube Characteristics of a Valve Guitar Preamp by Alex Mendoza The goal of this DSP code is to simulate the characteristics of a signal when amplified in the preamp section of
More informationSpeech Synthesis using Mel-Cepstral Coefficient Feature
Speech Synthesis using Mel-Cepstral Coefficient Feature By Lu Wang Senior Thesis in Electrical Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Advisor: Professor Mark Hasegawa-Johnson May 2018 Abstract
More informationAdaptive Filters Application of Linear Prediction
Adaptive Filters Application of Linear Prediction Gerhard Schmidt Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Faculty of Engineering Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Digital Signal Processing
More informationINTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER MUSIC SAMPLING SYNTHESIS AND FILTERS. Professor of Computer Science, Art, and Music
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER MUSIC SAMPLING SYNTHESIS AND FILTERS Roger B. Dannenberg Professor of Computer Science, Art, and Music Copyright 2002-2013 by Roger B. Dannenberg 1 SAMPLING SYNTHESIS Synthesis
More informationAUDL Final exam page 1/7 Please answer all of the following questions.
AUDL 11 28 Final exam page 1/7 Please answer all of the following questions. 1) Consider 8 harmonics of a sawtooth wave which has a fundamental period of 1 ms and a fundamental component with a level of
More informationSignals and Systems Lecture 6: Fourier Applications
Signals and Systems Lecture 6: Fourier Applications Farzaneh Abdollahi Department of Electrical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Winter 2012 arzaneh Abdollahi Signal and Systems Lecture 6
More informationECE438 - Laboratory 7a: Digital Filter Design (Week 1) By Prof. Charles Bouman and Prof. Mireille Boutin Fall 2015
Purdue University: ECE438 - Digital Signal Processing with Applications 1 ECE438 - Laboratory 7a: Digital Filter Design (Week 1) By Prof. Charles Bouman and Prof. Mireille Boutin Fall 2015 1 Introduction
More informationHomework Assignment 13
Question 1 Short Takes 2 points each. Homework Assignment 13 1. Classify the type of feedback uses in the circuit below (i.e., shunt-shunt, series-shunt, ) Answer: Series-shunt. 2. True or false: an engineer
More informationMultirate Filtering, Resampling Filters, Polyphase Filters. or how to make efficient FIR filters
Multirate Filtering, Resampling Filters, Polyphase Filters or how to make efficient FIR filters THE NOBLE IDENTITY 1 Efficient Implementation of Resampling filters H(z M ) M:1 M:1 H(z) Rule 1: Filtering
More informationQUANTUM MASTERING LPEQ
QUANTUM MASTERING LPEQ LINEAR PHASE PARAMETRIC EQUALIZER USER MANUAL Quantum-music.ca 2013 Quantum Matering LPEQ User Manual Quantum-Music.ca Version 1.0 2013 Thank you for downloading Quantum Matering
More informationActive Filter. Low pass filter High pass filter Band pass filter Band stop filter
Active Filter Low pass filter High pass filter Band pass filter Band stop filter Active Low-Pass Filters Basic Low-Pass filter circuit At critical frequency, esistance capacitance X c ω c πf c So, critical
More informationNAME STUDENT # ELEC 484 Audio Signal Processing. Midterm Exam July Listening test
NAME STUDENT # ELEC 484 Audio Signal Processing Midterm Exam July 2008 CLOSED BOOK EXAM Time 1 hour Listening test Choose one of the digital audio effects for each sound example. Put only ONE mark in each
More informationAnalog Filters D R. T A R E K T U T U N J I P H I L A D E L P H I A U N I V E R S I T Y, J O R D A N
Analog Filters D. T A E K T U T U N J I P H I L A D E L P H I A U N I V E S I T Y, J O D A N 2 0 4 Introduction Electrical filters are deigned to eliminate unwanted frequencies Filters can be classified
More informationAdvanced AD/DA converters. ΔΣ DACs. Overview. Motivations. System overview. Why ΔΣ DACs
Advanced AD/DA converters Overview Why ΔΣ DACs ΔΣ DACs Architectures for ΔΣ DACs filters Smoothing filters Pietro Andreani Dept. of Electrical and Information Technology Lund University, Sweden Advanced
More informationOverview of the EQ50 Filter Functions. Bypass Hardwire Bypass
Overview of the EQ50 Filter Functions Application Note The Ingram Engineering EQ50 is a 500-series equalizer module that contains extremely versatile and musical sounding Low Cut, High Cut and See-Saw
More informationBiosignal filtering and artifact rejection. Biosignal processing, S Autumn 2012
Biosignal filtering and artifact rejection Biosignal processing, 521273S Autumn 2012 Motivation 1) Artifact removal: for example power line non-stationarity due to baseline variation muscle or eye movement
More informationUnderstanding the Behavior of Band-Pass Filter with Windows for Speech Signal
International OPEN ACCESS Journal Of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) Understanding the Behavior of Band-Pass Filter with Windows for Speech Signal Amsal Subhan 1, Monauwer Alam 2 *(Department of ECE,
More informationNH 67, Karur Trichy Highways, Puliyur C.F, Karur District DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING UNIT 3
NH 67, Karur Trichy Highways, Puliyur C.F, 639 114 Karur District DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING UNIT 3 IIR FILTER DESIGN Structure of IIR System design of Discrete time
More informationBiosignal filtering and artifact rejection. Biosignal processing I, S Autumn 2017
Biosignal filtering and artifact rejection Biosignal processing I, 52273S Autumn 207 Motivation ) Artifact removal power line non-stationarity due to baseline variation muscle or eye movement artifacts
More informationWaves - Linear Phase EQ. Software Audio Processor. Users Guide
Waves - Linear Phase EQ Software Audio Processor Users Guide Version 1.1 December 20 th 2001. Waves LinEQ software guide page 1 of 15 Chapter 1 Introduction Introducing Waves Linear Phase Equalizer. The
More informationAuditory modelling for speech processing in the perceptual domain
ANZIAM J. 45 (E) ppc964 C980, 2004 C964 Auditory modelling for speech processing in the perceptual domain L. Lin E. Ambikairajah W. H. Holmes (Received 8 August 2003; revised 28 January 2004) Abstract
More informationPHYS225 Lecture 15. Electronic Circuits
PHYS225 Lecture 15 Electronic Circuits Last lecture Difference amplifier Differential input; single output Good CMRR, accurate gain, moderate input impedance Instrumentation amplifier Differential input;
More informationEE 470 Signals and Systems
EE 470 Signals and Systems 9. Introduction to the Design of Discrete Filters Prof. Yasser Mostafa Kadah Textbook Luis Chapparo, Signals and Systems Using Matlab, 2 nd ed., Academic Press, 2015. Filters
More informationASC-50. OPERATION MANUAL September 2001
ASC-5 ASC-5 OPERATION MANUAL September 21 25 Locust St, Haverhill, Massachusetts 183 Tel: 8/252-774, 978/374-761 FAX: 978/521-1839 TABLE OF CONTENTS ASC-5 1. ASC-5 Overview.......................................................
More informationThe Logic Pro ES1 Synth vs. a Simple Synth
The Logic Pro ES1 Synth vs. a Simple Synth Introduction to Music Production, Week 6 Joe Muscara - June 1, 2015 THE LOGIC PRO ES1 SYNTH VS. A SIMPLE SYNTH - JOE MUSCARA 1 Introduction My name is Joe Muscara
More informationHigh-definition sound processor
High-definition sound processor The BA3884F and BA3884S are sound processor ICs that perform phase and harmonic compensation on audio signals to accurately reproduce the rise section of audio signals that
More informationDesigning Filters Using the NI LabVIEW Digital Filter Design Toolkit
Application Note 097 Designing Filters Using the NI LabVIEW Digital Filter Design Toolkit Introduction The importance of digital filters is well established. Digital filters, and more generally digital
More informationESE531 Spring University of Pennsylvania Department of Electrical and System Engineering Digital Signal Processing
University of Pennsylvania Department of Electrical and System Engineering Digital Signal Processing ESE531, Spring 2017 Final Project: Audio Equalization Wednesday, Apr. 5 Due: Tuesday, April 25th, 11:59pm
More informationPart B. Simple Digital Filters. 1. Simple FIR Digital Filters
Simple Digital Filters Chapter 7B Part B Simple FIR Digital Filters LTI Discrete-Time Systems in the Transform-Domain Simple Digital Filters Simple IIR Digital Filters Comb Filters 3. Simple FIR Digital
More informationDIGITAL FILTERS. !! Finite Impulse Response (FIR) !! Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) !! Background. !! Matlab functions AGC DSP AGC DSP
DIGITAL FILTERS!! Finite Impulse Response (FIR)!! Infinite Impulse Response (IIR)!! Background!! Matlab functions 1!! Only the magnitude approximation problem!! Four basic types of ideal filters with magnitude
More informationENSEMBLE String Synthesizer
ENSEMBLE String Synthesizer by Max for Cats (+ Chorus Ensemble & Ensemble Phaser) Thank you for purchasing the Ensemble Max for Live String Synthesizer. Ensemble was inspired by the string machines from
More informationWARPED FILTER DESIGN FOR THE BODY MODELING AND SOUND SYNTHESIS OF STRING INSTRUMENTS
NORDIC ACOUSTICAL MEETING 12-14 JUNE 1996 HELSINKI WARPED FILTER DESIGN FOR THE BODY MODELING AND SOUND SYNTHESIS OF STRING INSTRUMENTS Helsinki University of Technology Laboratory of Acoustics and Audio
More informationEE301 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS
EE30 ELECTONIC CICUITS CHAPTE 5 : FILTES LECTUE : Engr. Muhammad Muizz Electrical Engineering Department Politeknik Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. 5. INTODUCTION Is a device that removes or filters unwanted signal.
More informationThe Filter Wizard issue 13: Buenos Notches! The Filter Wizard versus the vuvuzela Kendall Castor-Perry
The Filter Wizard issue 13: Buenos Notches! The Filter Wizard versus the vuvuzela Kendall Castor-Perry When the insistent drone of massed vuvuzela first imposed itself on the world during televised world
More informationSubtractive Synthesis. Describing a Filter. Filters. CMPT 468: Subtractive Synthesis
Subtractive Synthesis CMPT 468: Subtractive Synthesis Tamara Smyth, tamaras@cs.sfu.ca School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University November, 23 Additive synthesis involves building the sound by
More informationTeam proposals are due tomorrow at 6PM Homework 4 is due next thur. Proposal presentations are next mon in 1311EECS.
Lecture 8 Today: Announcements: References: FIR filter design IIR filter design Filter roundoff and overflow sensitivity Team proposals are due tomorrow at 6PM Homework 4 is due next thur. Proposal presentations
More informationAppendix B. Design Implementation Description For The Digital Frequency Demodulator
Appendix B Design Implementation Description For The Digital Frequency Demodulator The DFD design implementation is divided into four sections: 1. Analog front end to signal condition and digitize the
More informationTeaching Digital Filter Design Techniques Used in High-Fidelity Audio Applications
Teaching Digital Filter Design Techniques Used in High-Fidelity Audio Applications Venkatraman Atti, Andreas Spanias, Constantinos Panayiotou, Yu Song E-mail: [atti, spanias, costasp, yu.song] @asu.edu
More informationChapter 2: Digitization of Sound
Chapter 2: Digitization of Sound Acoustics pressure waves are converted to electrical signals by use of a microphone. The output signal from the microphone is an analog signal, i.e., a continuous-valued
More informationIntroduction. To help you get the most out of this product, we ve put some brief instructional videos on our website:
ParaEq user manual Introduction The Empress ParaEq is designed to be a tool for sweetening the tone of any instrument. We ve noticed that the EQ sections of many instrument amplifiers offer a very limited
More informationLow Pass Filter Introduction
Low Pass Filter Introduction Basically, an electrical filter is a circuit that can be designed to modify, reshape or reject all unwanted frequencies of an electrical signal and accept or pass only those
More informationSignals and Systems Lecture 6: Fourier Applications
Signals and Systems Lecture 6: Fourier Applications Farzaneh Abdollahi Department of Electrical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Winter 2012 arzaneh Abdollahi Signal and Systems Lecture 6
More informationINTRODUCTION IMPORTANT SAFTEY INSTRUCTIONS
INTRODUCTION Congratulations on your purchase of the Beta Bass Pedal. The Beta Bass Pedal was designed to provide professional performance in a floor foot pedal. The Beta Bass Pedal includes a bass, treble
More informationLoudspeakers. Juan P Bello
Loudspeakers Juan P Bello Outline 1. Loudspeaker Types 2. Loudspeaker Enclosures 3. Multiple drivers, Crossover Networks 4. Performance Measurements Loudspeakers Microphone: acoustical sound energy electrical
More informationCorso di DATI e SEGNALI BIOMEDICI 1. Carmelina Ruggiero Laboratorio MedInfo
Corso di DATI e SEGNALI BIOMEDICI 1 Carmelina Ruggiero Laboratorio MedInfo Digital Filters Function of a Filter In signal processing, the functions of a filter are: to remove unwanted parts of the signal,
More informationSignals and Filtering
FILTERING OBJECTIVES The objectives of this lecture are to: Introduce signal filtering concepts Introduce filter performance criteria Introduce Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters Introduce Infinite
More information360mm (14-3/16 ) x 224mm (8-13/16 ) x 67mm (2-5/8 )
EN-41400 (4 Channel) EN-21200 (2 Channel) Class Class-AB Class-AB Power 1400 Watts 1200 Watts Frequency Response 10Hz - 42kHz 10Hz - 45kHz Dimensions 360mm (14-3/16 ) x 224mm (8-13/16 ) x 67mm (2-5/8 )
More informationPHASE28 Phase Shifter [RACK EXTENSION] v. 1.0 MANUAL
PHASE28 Phase Shifter [RACK EXTENSION] v. 1.0 MANUAL 2018 FX device by Turn2on Software Introducing PHASE28, a new phase shifter effect. The Stages selector gives you control of how many stages from 2
More informationApplication Note 7. Digital Audio FIR Crossover. Highlights Importing Transducer Response Data FIR Window Functions FIR Approximation Methods
Application Note 7 App Note Application Note 7 Highlights Importing Transducer Response Data FIR Window Functions FIR Approximation Methods n Design Objective 3-Way Active Crossover 200Hz/2kHz Crossover
More informationEE 422G - Signals and Systems Laboratory
EE 422G - Signals and Systems Laboratory Lab 3 FIR Filters Written by Kevin D. Donohue Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington, KY 40506 September 19, 2015 Objectives:
More informationLaboratory Assignment 4. Fourier Sound Synthesis
Laboratory Assignment 4 Fourier Sound Synthesis PURPOSE This lab investigates how to use a computer to evaluate the Fourier series for periodic signals and to synthesize audio signals from Fourier series
More informationSGN Audio and Speech Processing
SGN 14006 Audio and Speech Processing Introduction 1 Course goals Introduction 2! Learn basics of audio signal processing Basic operations and their underlying ideas and principles Give basic skills although
More informationSCUBA-2. Low Pass Filtering
Physics and Astronomy Dept. MA UBC 07/07/2008 11:06:00 SCUBA-2 Project SC2-ELE-S582-211 Version 1.3 SCUBA-2 Low Pass Filtering Revision History: Rev. 1.0 MA July 28, 2006 Initial Release Rev. 1.1 MA Sept.
More informationDigital Filters IIR (& Their Corresponding Analog Filters) Week Date Lecture Title
http://elec3004.com Digital Filters IIR (& Their Corresponding Analog Filters) 2017 School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering at The University of Queensland Lecture Schedule: Week Date
More informationSEEBURG acoustic line. active systempanel 2. owner s manual
SEEBURG acoustic line active systempanel 2 owner s manual TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 How to use this manual 2 2 THE CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS 2 3 OPERATING THE SP2 4 3.1 Active frequency dividing
More informationELEC-C5230 Digitaalisen signaalinkäsittelyn perusteet
ELEC-C5230 Digitaalisen signaalinkäsittelyn perusteet Lecture 10: Summary Taneli Riihonen 16.05.2016 Lecture 10 in Course Book Sanjit K. Mitra, Digital Signal Processing: A Computer-Based Approach, 4th
More informationExample #6 1. An amplifier with a nominal gain
1. An amplifier with a nominal gain A=1000 V/V exhibits a gain change of 10% as the operating temperature changes from 25 o C to 75 o C. If it is required to constrain the change to 0.1% by applying negative
More information1. Find the magnitude and phase response of an FIR filter represented by the difference equation y(n)= 0.5 x(n) x(n-1)
Lecture 5 1.8.1 FIR Filters FIR filters have impulse responses of finite lengths. In FIR filters the present output depends only on the past and present values of the input sequence but not on the previous
More informationDSP Laboratory (EELE 4110) Lab#10 Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filters
Islamic University of Gaza OBJECTIVES: Faculty of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department Spring-2011 DSP Laboratory (EELE 4110) Lab#10 Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filters To demonstrate the concept
More informationENGINEERING STAFF REPORT. The JBL Model L40 Loudspeaker System. Mark R. Gander, Design Engineer
James B Lansing Sound, Inc, 8500 Balboa Boulevard, Northridge, California 91329 USA ENGINEERING STAFF REPORT The JBL Model L40 Loudspeaker System Author: Mark R. Gander, Design Engineer ENGINEERING STAFF
More informationASN Filter Designer Professional/Lite Getting Started Guide
ASN Filter Designer Professional/Lite Getting Started Guide December, 2011 ASN11-DOC007, Rev. 2 For public release Legal notices All material presented in this document is protected by copyright under
More informationHomework Assignment 13
Question 1 Short Takes 2 points each. Homework Assignment 13 1. Classify the type of feedback uses in the circuit below (i.e., shunt-shunt, series-shunt, ) 2. True or false: an engineer uses series-shunt
More informationDigital Filtering: Realization
Digital Filtering: Realization Digital Filtering: Matlab Implementation: 3-tap (2 nd order) IIR filter 1 Transfer Function Differential Equation: z- Transform: Transfer Function: 2 Example: Transfer Function
More informationApplication Note 5. Analog Audio Active Crossover
App Note Highlights Importing Transducer Response Data Generic Transfer Function Modeling Circuit Optimization Cascade Circuit Synthesis n Design Objective 3-Way Active Crossover 4th Order Crossover 200Hz/2kHz
More informationOn The Causes And Cures Of Audio Distortion Of Received AM Signals Due To Fading
On The Causes And Cures Of Audio Distortion Of Received AM Signals Due To Fading Dallas Lankford, 2/6/06, rev. 9/25/08 The purpose of this article is to investigate some of the causes and cures of audio
More informationResonator Factoring. Julius Smith and Nelson Lee
Resonator Factoring Julius Smith and Nelson Lee RealSimple Project Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA) Department of Music, Stanford University Stanford, California 9435 March 13,
More informationDesign of IIR Filter Using Model Order Reduction. Techniques
Design of IIR Filter Using Model Order Reduction Techniques Mohammed Mujahid Ulla Faiz (26258) Department of Electrical Engineering 1 Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 Digital Filters 4 3 Model Order Reduction
More informationDSBSC GENERATION. PREPARATION definition of a DSBSC viewing envelopes multi-tone message... 37
DSBSC GENERATION PREPARATION... 34 definition of a DSBSC... 34 block diagram...36 viewing envelopes... 36 multi-tone message... 37 linear modulation...38 spectrum analysis... 38 EXPERIMENT... 38 the MULTIPLIER...
More information4.5 Fractional Delay Operations with Allpass Filters
158 Discrete-Time Modeling of Acoustic Tubes Using Fractional Delay Filters 4.5 Fractional Delay Operations with Allpass Filters The previous sections of this chapter have concentrated on the FIR implementation
More informationClass Overview. tracking mixing mastering encoding. Figure 1: Audio Production Process
MUS424: Signal Processing Techniques for Digital Audio Effects Handout #2 Jonathan Abel, David Berners April 3, 2017 Class Overview Introduction There are typically four steps in producing a CD or movie
More informationActive Filter Design Techniques
Active Filter Design Techniques 16.1 Introduction What is a filter? A filter is a device that passes electric signals at certain frequencies or frequency ranges while preventing the passage of others.
More informationFilter Banks I. Prof. Dr. Gerald Schuller. Fraunhofer IDMT & Ilmenau University of Technology Ilmenau, Germany. Fraunhofer IDMT
Filter Banks I Prof. Dr. Gerald Schuller Fraunhofer IDMT & Ilmenau University of Technology Ilmenau, Germany 1 Structure of perceptual Audio Coders Encoder Decoder 2 Filter Banks essential element of most
More informationWhat is an EQ? Subtract Hz to fix a problem Add Hz to cover up / hide a problem
Objective: By the end of this lab you will be able to hide, display and call up any EQ and to deduce how to use it to your advantage. To be able do duplicate EQs to other Insert positions. Loading and
More informationMAGNITUDE-COMPLEMENTARY FILTERS FOR DYNAMIC EQUALIZATION
Proceedings of the COST G-6 Conference on Digital Audio Effects (DAFX-), Limerick, Ireland, December 6-8, MAGNITUDE-COMPLEMENTARY FILTERS FOR DYNAMIC EQUALIZATION Federico Fontana University of Verona
More informationINTRODUCTION TO FILTER CIRCUITS
INTRODUCTION TO FILTER CIRCUITS 1 2 Background: Filters may be classified as either digital or analog. Digital filters are implemented using a digital computer or special purpose digital hardware. Analog
More informationWhitepaper: The Perfect XO for High End Stereo Systems?!
Whitepaper: The Perfect XO for High End Stereo Systems?! definiteaudio GmbH Peter-Vischer-Str.2 D-91056 Erlangen Tel: 09131 758691 Fax: 09131 758691 e-mail: info@definiteaudio.de Web: http://www.definiteaudio.de
More informationFlatten DAC frequency response EQUALIZING TECHNIQUES CAN COPE WITH THE NONFLAT FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF A DAC.
BY KEN YANG MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS Flatten DAC frequency response EQUALIZING TECHNIQUES CAN COPE WITH THE NONFLAT OF A DAC In a generic example a DAC samples a digital baseband signal (Figure 1) The
More informationALTERNATING CURRENT (AC)
ALL ABOUT NOISE ALTERNATING CURRENT (AC) Any type of electrical transmission where the current repeatedly changes direction, and the voltage varies between maxima and minima. Therefore, any electrical
More informationA Parametric Model for Spectral Sound Synthesis of Musical Sounds
A Parametric Model for Spectral Sound Synthesis of Musical Sounds Cornelia Kreutzer University of Limerick ECE Department Limerick, Ireland cornelia.kreutzer@ul.ie Jacqueline Walker University of Limerick
More informationECE 203 LAB 2 PRACTICAL FILTER DESIGN & IMPLEMENTATION
Version 1. 1 of 7 ECE 03 LAB PRACTICAL FILTER DESIGN & IMPLEMENTATION BEFORE YOU BEGIN PREREQUISITE LABS ECE 01 Labs ECE 0 Advanced MATLAB ECE 03 MATLAB Signals & Systems EXPECTED KNOWLEDGE Understanding
More informationME 15 and ME 30 OPERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL
ME 15 and ME 30 OPERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL II. PANEL DESCRIPTIONS FRONT PANEL DESCRIPTION 1. POWER SWlTCH: As you have astutely surmised by now, this switch powers up the ME 15 or ME 30. Note: power
More informationDSP-BASED FM STEREO GENERATOR FOR DIGITAL STUDIO -TO - TRANSMITTER LINK
DSP-BASED FM STEREO GENERATOR FOR DIGITAL STUDIO -TO - TRANSMITTER LINK Michael Antill and Eric Benjamin Dolby Laboratories Inc. San Francisco, Califomia 94103 ABSTRACT The design of a DSP-based composite
More information