TESTING VISUAL TELESCOPIC DEVICES
|
|
- Calvin Bell
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 TESTING VISUAL TELESCOPIC DEVICES About Wells Research Joined TRIOPTICS mid Currently 8 employees Product line compliments TRIOPTICS, with little overlap Entry level products, generally less expensive TRIOPTICS sales force is our primary distribution path Defining Visual Telescopic Devices This document addresses instruments with the following characteristics: Are intended for viewing objects at moderate to long distance. (10 yards to infinity) Have one or two eyepieces which a human user looks into. Have outputs in the visible spectrum. Have magnification of typically 1X to 10X, occasionally higher. May involve a reticle for visual reference. This list includes monocular telescopes, spotting scopes, riflescopes, and binoculars. The devices may be simple telescopes, or be night vision devices (NVD) with an image intensifier tube. In the sections that follow, we'll represent these devices with simple schematic sketches. For example, in the sketch below, the blue arrows represent rays of light from a single point on a distant object: Fig 1 Fig 2
2 Measurements Most customers want to make some or all of the measurements in this list Image quality: MTF Limiting resolution and 3-bar contrast Basic optical parameters: magnification, FOV, boresight error Additional optical parameters: field flatness, distortion Color aberrations, such as axial color and lateral color. Exit pupil size and location Transmission, spectral transmission (or gain if NVD) Unique issues (e.g., the number of dead fibers in an NVD device) Table 1 The basic measurements are easy, but in our experience, real-world devices have complications: Image quality almost always varies across the FOV. The plane of best focus is generally not flat, and often has astigmatism. If the exit pupil is large, then image quality will almost certainly vary depending on location of users eye pupil within the exit pupil. Distortion may even vary depending on location of users eye pupil relative to exit pupil. When there is a reticle in the device, specialized tests are required such as parallax, tip and scale factor. NVD devices require light shielding, and very large dynamic range in illumination source. Special issues arise when there is a zoom feature in the device: Besides magnification change, there may be issues of backlash or image shift. Table 2
3 Measurement examples Wells Research PixelScope software is a powerful, easy use platform for making the measurements in Table 1. For more information please request the PixelScope spec sheet or contact your local TRIOPTICS representative for a demonstration Fig 3 Basic approach to testing Over the years many different approaches have been used to make the measurements in Table 1. However, based on our experience we recommend the following approach: Fig 4 (A) is a collimator, which simulates light from an image far away. (B) is the visual device under test (C) is a video telescope, used to view the virtual image created by instrument B. The green arrows indicate that the collimator and video telescope can pivot for testing at of-axis locations.
4 In almost all cases we recommend a motorized video telescope whose diopter focus can be adjusted under computer control. This capability permits extremely precise measurements of measurement of field curvature, astigmatism and parallax. Here's a physical test bench that corresponds to Figure 4: Different types of monocular devices Fig 5 For monocular devices like riflescopes or spotting scopes the Riflescope Test Station shown in figure 5 is a good solution. Collimators with clear aperture up to 125 mm are available. Collimators have adjustable focus, and can simulate images at infinity or as close as 25 yards. The video telescope shown above, has a focus range of +/- 5 diopters, and up to +/-8 diopters is available on special order. Dental and surgical magnifiers are a special case. Working distances are much shorter, so collimator is replaced by a small back-lit target. Fig 6 Fig 7
5 Head Mounted Devices are another special case. Because the devices are not rotationally symmetrical, separate tip and tilt stages may be appropriate. The small white device above is a Private Eye an early head-mounted display which lacked see-through capability. While not shown, it's possible to add a collimator for testing see-through devices as well. Fig 8 Folded devices, or devices with unusually large FOV requirements, can best be handled on an optical bench: Fig 9
6 Approaches for binocular devices Binocular devices bring unique challenges. Many approaches are possible, but in general we recommend separate test stations for image quality and for collimation. Image quality testing of binocular devices For Inline devices, it's possible to use the type of bench shown in Fgure 4, 5. It's only necessary to add a X direction slide underneath the binocular cradle. The slide allows shifting between the left and right eye path. Both motorized and manual slides are available from Wells Research. For offset devices such as porro-prism binoculars a second slide is often necessary: Fig 10 Fig 11 It is possible to use these fixtures for collimation testing as well. However, to make accurate collimation measurements an unusually precise cross slide is needed. As a result we generally recommend a separate fixture dedicated to collimation testing. The reason an ultra-accurate cross slide is required is not obvious, so it's worth a quick explanation. Let's say we are testing 15X binoculars, and let's say the cross slide has a wobble of 1 arc-minute between the L and R eye positions. Or, if you prefer, assume that the rubber casing on the binoculars has a tiny bit of compliance. When switching from L to R eye, perhaps there's a slight bump as you reach the end position. If so, it's easy to imagine that the binocular body could shift a tiny amount in the cradle (let's say inch)
7 In either case, the binocular body rotates by 1 arc minute as you move from L to R eye path. That doesn t sound like a lot, but remember that the binocular body has power. With our hypothetical 15X binocular, the rays coming out of the eyepiece will rotate by 15 arc minutes when the body rotates by 1 arc minute. Now that's a lot. As a result we recommend the use of a dedicated dual-path fixture to measure collimation. The results are more robust, the cycle time is faster., and the end result is generally more satisfactory. Collimation testing of binocular devices The simplest approach uses a pair of autocollimators and a large flat mirror. This approach is simple, fast, and exceptionally accurate. It is useful both for devices with straight-through optical paths and also devices with an offset. This setup can also be used for basic image quality analysis. Of course the measurement is only on-axis, and because of symmetry some image errors cancel out 1. Nevertheless, this is still a valuable trip wire test for manufacturing problems. Unfortunately, the simple mirror fixture shown in figure 12 cannot detect image rotation or magnification. If these must be measured, there are two approaches 2. Fig 12 If an off-axis bench of the type shown in fig 4, 5 is available in the plant, then this bench can be used for rotation and magnification measurements. If no other bench is available, or if its necessary to make rotation or magnification measurements on a very large number of units, then it is possible to add accessories to the basic mirror bench. 1 Spherical aberration and other even image aberrations cancel out due to symmetry in this setup. Explanation of this phenomenon is beyond the scope of this document. Nevertheless, (in the author's experience) binoculars don't fail final test because of too much SA. They fail because of problems caused by lens centration and similar manufacturing issues. 2 It's also possible to argue that prisim quality should be monitored at the component level, rather than waiting for final test.
8 Image rotation can be measured by adding a pair of 90 degree prisms to the basic mirror bench: Fig 13 If magnification must also be measured, Then it's necessary to add two collimators, Fig 14 Fig 15 Summary: Testing visual telescopic devices has unique challenges. If you would like to take advantage of our years of experience in testing these devices, please contact Wells Research or your local TRIOPTICS representatibve.
9 APPENDIX Some Frequently Asked Questions: Q: Are off-axis pivots really needed in the image quality test fixture? What if I only want to test on-axis? A: This is certainly an option, especially if the equipment is to be used for testing to a specific on-axis specification and a large number of units must be tested. The off axis pivots may be added later if desired. Wells Research equipment is modular, so we have the ability to configure a system to specifically address customer requirements. Q: Can collimation fixture in figure 12 be used for image quality testing? A: Yes, it's possible to detect image problems with the collimation fixture. However, since the test is double-pass, the image on the video monitor is not exactly what you would see looking though the device. Because of this it's not possible to make a valid MTF measurement in double-pass. (This is a subtle topic that warrants its own white-paper!) Nevertheless, it is absolutely possible to use the collimation fixture as an early warning station to detect image problems. Q: Can the image quality bench in figure 10 be used for collimation testing? I only need 1 arc minute accuracy. Surely the cross slide is that accurate. A: Yes, but when testing high power devices, there is a complicating factor. If the telescope under test is 15 power, then the cross slide must be ~15X more accurate than the accuracy required at the eyepiece. Thus the accuracy requirements are not as simple as the 1 arc minute requirement suggests. Q: Why do I need a pivoting collimator? Why can't I use a wide angle collimator that covers the entire field of view? A: This is possible in concept, but in practice it is surprisingly expensive to build a wide angle collimator with sufficiently good wavefront quality over a wide aperture. Also, the pivoting collimator has a sublte advantage: because the collimator pivots, the image quality from the test fixture is exactly the same at the edge of the FOV as it is on-axis. Q: Similar question about the video telescope: Why can't I use a wide angle lens that covers the entire field of view? A: Similar answer: it is surprisingly expensive to build a wide angle lens with good enough wavefront quality across the entire image plane. Also, to cover the full eyepiece field of view a very large number of pixels would be needed. Nevertheless, in a few situations a single wide field camera may be appropirate.
Opti 415/515. Introduction to Optical Systems. Copyright 2009, William P. Kuhn
Opti 415/515 Introduction to Optical Systems 1 Optical Systems Manipulate light to form an image on a detector. Point source microscope Hubble telescope (NASA) 2 Fundamental System Requirements Application
More informationECEN 4606, UNDERGRADUATE OPTICS LAB
ECEN 4606, UNDERGRADUATE OPTICS LAB Lab 2: Imaging 1 the Telescope Original Version: Prof. McLeod SUMMARY: In this lab you will become familiar with the use of one or more lenses to create images of distant
More informationChapter 29/30. Wave Fronts and Rays. Refraction of Sound. Dispersion in a Prism. Index of Refraction. Refraction and Lenses
Chapter 29/30 Refraction and Lenses Refraction Refraction the bending of waves as they pass from one medium into another. Caused by a change in the average speed of light. Analogy A car that drives off
More informationBasic Principles of the Surgical Microscope. by Charles L. Crain
Basic Principles of the Surgical Microscope by Charles L. Crain 2006 Charles L. Crain; All Rights Reserved Table of Contents 1. Basic Definition...3 2. Magnification...3 2.1. Illumination/Magnification...3
More information3.0 Alignment Equipment and Diagnostic Tools:
3.0 Alignment Equipment and Diagnostic Tools: Alignment equipment The alignment telescope and its use The laser autostigmatic cube (LACI) interferometer A pin -- and how to find the center of curvature
More informationOptoliner NV. Calibration Standard for Sighting & Imaging Devices West San Bernardino Road West Covina, California 91790
Calibration Standard for Sighting & Imaging Devices 2223 West San Bernardino Road West Covina, California 91790 Phone: (626) 962-5181 Fax: (626) 962-5188 www.davidsonoptronics.com sales@davidsonoptronics.com
More informationOptical Engineering 421/521 Sample Questions for Midterm 1
Optical Engineering 421/521 Sample Questions for Midterm 1 Short answer 1.) Sketch a pechan prism. Name a possible application of this prism., write the mirror matrix for this prism (or any other common
More informationOptical Components for Laser Applications. Günter Toesko - Laserseminar BLZ im Dezember
Günter Toesko - Laserseminar BLZ im Dezember 2009 1 Aberrations An optical aberration is a distortion in the image formed by an optical system compared to the original. It can arise for a number of reasons
More informationEric B. Burgh University of Wisconsin. 1. Scope
Southern African Large Telescope Prime Focus Imaging Spectrograph Optical Integration and Testing Plan Document Number: SALT-3160BP0001 Revision 5.0 2007 July 3 Eric B. Burgh University of Wisconsin 1.
More informationParity and Plane Mirrors. Invert Image flip about a horizontal line. Revert Image flip about a vertical line.
Optical Systems 37 Parity and Plane Mirrors In addition to bending or folding the light path, reflection from a plane mirror introduces a parity change in the image. Invert Image flip about a horizontal
More informationChapter 3 Op,cal Instrumenta,on
Imaging by an Op,cal System Change in curvature of wavefronts by a thin lens Chapter 3 Op,cal Instrumenta,on 3-1 Stops, Pupils, and Windows 3-4 The Camera 3-5 Simple Magnifiers and Eyepieces 1. Magnifiers
More informationChapter 3 Op+cal Instrumenta+on
Chapter 3 Op+cal Instrumenta+on 3-1 Stops, Pupils, and Windows 3-4 The Camera 3-5 Simple Magnifiers and Eyepieces 3-6 Microscopes 3-7 Telescopes Today (2011-09-22) 1. Magnifiers 2. Camera 3. Resolution
More informationIntroduction. Geometrical Optics. Milton Katz State University of New York. VfeWorld Scientific New Jersey London Sine Singapore Hong Kong
Introduction to Geometrical Optics Milton Katz State University of New York VfeWorld Scientific «New Jersey London Sine Singapore Hong Kong TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xiii xiv CHAPTER 1:
More informationGalilean. Keplerian. EYEPIECE DESIGN by Dick Suiter
EYEPIECE DESIGN by Dick Suiter This article is about the design of eyepieces. By this, I don't mean intricate discussions about advantages of Nagler Types 3 vs. 4 or other such matters of interest only
More informationPhys 531 Lecture 9 30 September 2004 Ray Optics II. + 1 s i. = 1 f
Phys 531 Lecture 9 30 September 2004 Ray Optics II Last time, developed idea of ray optics approximation to wave theory Introduced paraxial approximation: rays with θ 1 Will continue to use Started disussing
More informationCardinal Points of an Optical System--and Other Basic Facts
Cardinal Points of an Optical System--and Other Basic Facts The fundamental feature of any optical system is the aperture stop. Thus, the most fundamental optical system is the pinhole camera. The image
More informationThe following article is a translation of parts of the original publication of Karl-Ludwig Bath in the german astronomical magazine:
The following article is a translation of parts of the original publication of Karl-Ludwig Bath in the german astronomical magazine: Sterne und Weltraum 1973/6, p.177-180. The publication of this translation
More informationPhysics 208 Spring 2008 Lab 2: Lenses and the eye
Name Section Physics 208 Spring 2008 Lab 2: Lenses and the eye Your TA will use this sheet to score your lab. It is to be turned in at the end of lab. You must use complete sentences and clearly explain
More informationOPTICAL SYSTEMS OBJECTIVES
101 L7 OPTICAL SYSTEMS OBJECTIVES Aims Your aim here should be to acquire a working knowledge of the basic components of optical systems and understand their purpose, function and limitations in terms
More informationOption G 2: Lenses. The diagram below shows the image of a square grid as produced by a lens that does not cause spherical aberration.
Name: Date: Option G 2: Lenses 1. This question is about spherical aberration. The diagram below shows the image of a square grid as produced by a lens that does not cause spherical aberration. In the
More informationGeometric optics & aberrations
Geometric optics & aberrations Department of Astrophysical Sciences University AST 542 http://www.northerneye.co.uk/ Outline Introduction: Optics in astronomy Basics of geometric optics Paraxial approximation
More informationUSER MANUAL. Latitude Spotting Scopes SM11033, SM11033T SM11034, SM11034T
USER MANUAL Latitude Spotting Scopes SM11033, SM11033T SM11034, SM11034T ABOUT SIGHTMARK Sightmark offers a wide range of products that include red dot scopes, reflex sights, rangefinders, riflescopes,
More information30 Lenses. Lenses change the paths of light.
Lenses change the paths of light. A light ray bends as it enters glass and bends again as it leaves. Light passing through glass of a certain shape can form an image that appears larger, smaller, closer,
More informationWaveMaster IOL. Fast and Accurate Intraocular Lens Tester
WaveMaster IOL Fast and Accurate Intraocular Lens Tester INTRAOCULAR LENS TESTER WaveMaster IOL Fast and accurate intraocular lens tester WaveMaster IOL is an instrument providing real time analysis of
More informationOptiSpheric IOL. Integrated Optical Testing of Intraocular Lenses
OptiSpheric IOL Integrated Optical Testing of Intraocular Lenses OPTICAL TEST STATION OptiSpheric IOL ISO 11979 Intraocular Lens Testing OptiSpheric IOL PRO with in air tray on optional instrument table
More informationProperties of optical instruments
Properties of optical instruments Visual optical systems part 1: afocal systems (telescope type) A basic optical description of the eye Power: 60 diopters (at rest) Equivalent to a single spherical surface,
More informationLaboratory 7: Properties of Lenses and Mirrors
Laboratory 7: Properties of Lenses and Mirrors Converging and Diverging Lens Focal Lengths: A converging lens is thicker at the center than at the periphery and light from an object at infinity passes
More informationCHARA Collaboration Review New York 2007 CHARA Telescope Alignment
CHARA Telescope Alignment By Laszlo Sturmann Mersenne (Cassegrain type) Telescope M2 140 mm R= 625 mm k = -1 M1/M2 provides an afocal optical system 1 m input beam and 0.125 m collimated output beam Aplanatic
More informationPROCEEDINGS OF SPIE. Automated asphere centration testing with AspheroCheck UP
PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE SPIEDigitalLibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie Automated asphere centration testing with AspheroCheck UP F. Hahne, P. Langehanenberg F. Hahne, P. Langehanenberg, "Automated asphere
More informationWaveMaster IOL. Fast and accurate intraocular lens tester
WaveMaster IOL Fast and accurate intraocular lens tester INTRAOCULAR LENS TESTER WaveMaster IOL Fast and accurate intraocular lens tester WaveMaster IOL is a new instrument providing real time analysis
More informationLens Design I. Lecture 3: Properties of optical systems II Herbert Gross. Summer term
Lens Design I Lecture 3: Properties of optical systems II 205-04-8 Herbert Gross Summer term 206 www.iap.uni-jena.de 2 Preliminary Schedule 04.04. Basics 2.04. Properties of optical systrems I 3 8.04.
More information25 cm. 60 cm. 50 cm. 40 cm.
Geometrical Optics 7. The image formed by a plane mirror is: (a) Real. (b) Virtual. (c) Erect and of equal size. (d) Laterally inverted. (e) B, c, and d. (f) A, b and c. 8. A real image is that: (a) Which
More informationTOPICS Recap of PHYS110-1 lecture Physical Optics - 4 lectures EM spectrum and colour Light sources Interference and diffraction Polarization
TOPICS Recap of PHYS110-1 lecture Physical Optics - 4 lectures EM spectrum and colour Light sources Interference and diffraction Polarization Lens Aberrations - 3 lectures Spherical aberrations Coma, astigmatism,
More informationApplications of Optics
Nicholas J. Giordano www.cengage.com/physics/giordano Chapter 26 Applications of Optics Marilyn Akins, PhD Broome Community College Applications of Optics Many devices are based on the principles of optics
More informationOptical System Design
Phys 531 Lecture 12 14 October 2004 Optical System Design Last time: Surveyed examples of optical systems Today, discuss system design Lens design = course of its own (not taught by me!) Try to give some
More informationChapter 34 Geometric Optics (also known as Ray Optics) by C.-R. Hu
Chapter 34 Geometric Optics (also known as Ray Optics) by C.-R. Hu 1. Principles of image formation by mirrors (1a) When all length scales of objects, gaps, and holes are much larger than the wavelength
More informationLens Design I. Lecture 5: Advanced handling I Herbert Gross. Summer term
Lens Design I Lecture 5: Advanced handling I 2018-05-17 Herbert Gross Summer term 2018 www.iap.uni-jena.de 2 Preliminary Schedule - Lens Design I 2018 1 12.04. Basics 2 19.04. Properties of optical systems
More informationGEOMETRICAL OPTICS Practical 1. Part I. BASIC ELEMENTS AND METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF OPTICAL SYSTEMS
GEOMETRICAL OPTICS Practical 1. Part I. BASIC ELEMENTS AND METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF OPTICAL SYSTEMS Equipment and accessories: an optical bench with a scale, an incandescent lamp, matte, a set of
More informationCHAPTER 33 ABERRATION CURVES IN LENS DESIGN
CHAPTER 33 ABERRATION CURVES IN LENS DESIGN Donald C. O Shea Georgia Institute of Technology Center for Optical Science and Engineering and School of Physics Atlanta, Georgia Michael E. Harrigan Eastman
More informationAn Indian Journal FULL PAPER. Trade Science Inc. Parameters design of optical system in transmitive star simulator ABSTRACT KEYWORDS
[Type text] [Type text] [Type text] ISSN : 0974-7435 Volume 10 Issue 23 BioTechnology 2014 An Indian Journal FULL PAPER BTAIJ, 10(23), 2014 [14257-14264] Parameters design of optical system in transmitive
More informationLab 10: Lenses & Telescopes
Physics 2020, Fall 2010 Lab 8 page 1 of 6 Circle your lab day and time. Your name: Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri TA name: 8-10 10-12 12-2 2-4 4-6 INTRODUCTION Lab 10: Lenses & Telescopes In this experiment, you
More informationOptical Design with Zemax
Optical Design with Zemax Lecture 9: Advanced handling 2014-06-13 Herbert Gross Sommer term 2014 www.iap.uni-jena.de 2 Preliminary Schedule 1 11.04. Introduction 2 25.04. Properties of optical systems
More information12.4 Alignment and Manufacturing Tolerances for Segmented Telescopes
330 Chapter 12 12.4 Alignment and Manufacturing Tolerances for Segmented Telescopes Similar to the JWST, the next-generation large-aperture space telescope for optical and UV astronomy has a segmented
More informationLaboratory experiment aberrations
Laboratory experiment aberrations Obligatory laboratory experiment on course in Optical design, SK2330/SK3330, KTH. Date Name Pass Objective This laboratory experiment is intended to demonstrate the most
More informationOptics Practice. Version #: 0. Name: Date: 07/01/2010
Optics Practice Date: 07/01/2010 Version #: 0 Name: 1. Which of the following diagrams show a real image? a) b) c) d) e) i, ii, iii, and iv i and ii i and iv ii and iv ii, iii and iv 2. A real image is
More informationReading: Lenses and Mirrors; Applications Key concepts: Focal points and lengths; real images; virtual images; magnification; angular magnification.
Reading: Lenses and Mirrors; Applications Key concepts: Focal points and lengths; real images; virtual images; magnification; angular magnification. 1.! Questions about objects and images. Can a virtual
More informationActivity 6.1 Image Formation from Spherical Mirrors
PHY385H1F Introductory Optics Practicals Day 6 Telescopes and Microscopes October 31, 2011 Group Number (number on Intro Optics Kit):. Facilitator Name:. Record-Keeper Name: Time-keeper:. Computer/Wiki-master:..
More informationAberrations of a lens
Aberrations of a lens 1. What are aberrations? A lens made of a uniform glass with spherical surfaces cannot form perfect images. Spherical aberration is a prominent image defect for a point source on
More informationCh 24. Geometric Optics
text concept Ch 24. Geometric Optics Fig. 24 3 A point source of light P and its image P, in a plane mirror. Angle of incidence =angle of reflection. text. Fig. 24 4 The blue dashed line through object
More informationPHYSICS. Chapter 35 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT
PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E Chapter 35 Lecture RANDALL D. KNIGHT Chapter 35 Optical Instruments IN THIS CHAPTER, you will learn about some common optical instruments and
More informationE X P E R I M E N T 12
E X P E R I M E N T 12 Mirrors and Lenses Produced by the Physics Staff at Collin College Copyright Collin College Physics Department. All Rights Reserved. University Physics II, Exp 12: Mirrors and Lenses
More informationTypical Interferometer Setups
ZYGO s Guide to Typical Interferometer Setups Surfaces Windows Lens Systems Distribution in the UK & Ireland www.lambdaphoto.co.uk Contents Surface Flatness 1 Plano Transmitted Wavefront 1 Parallelism
More informationOPTICS LENSES AND TELESCOPES
ASTR 1030 Astronomy Lab 97 Optics - Lenses & Telescopes OPTICS LENSES AND TELESCOPES SYNOPSIS: In this lab you will explore the fundamental properties of a lens and investigate refracting and reflecting
More informationReview and Practical Application of Telescope Optics
Review and Practical Application of Telescope Optics William L. Brown, OD, PhD, FAAO Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN brown.william2@mayo.edu Please silence all mobile devices and remove items from chairs so
More informationGuide to SPEX Optical Spectrometer
Guide to SPEX Optical Spectrometer GENERAL DESCRIPTION A spectrometer is a device for analyzing an input light beam into its constituent wavelengths. The SPEX model 1704 spectrometer covers a range from
More informationGEOMETRICAL OPTICS AND OPTICAL DESIGN
GEOMETRICAL OPTICS AND OPTICAL DESIGN Pantazis Mouroulis Associate Professor Center for Imaging Science Rochester Institute of Technology John Macdonald Senior Lecturer Physics Department University of
More informationLens Design I. Lecture 3: Properties of optical systems II Herbert Gross. Summer term
Lens Design I Lecture 3: Properties of optical systems II 207-04-20 Herbert Gross Summer term 207 www.iap.uni-jena.de 2 Preliminary Schedule - Lens Design I 207 06.04. Basics 2 3.04. Properties of optical
More informationused for low power magnification of a sample image is 3 dimensional
MICROSCOPES One of the most important inventions in the advancement of Biology 1. Simple Microscopes ie. magnifying glass, stereoscope (dissecting scope) have a single lens or a pair of lenses combined
More informationCHAPTER 3LENSES. 1.1 Basics. Convex Lens. Concave Lens. 1 Introduction to convex and concave lenses. Shape: Shape: Symbol: Symbol:
CHAPTER 3LENSES 1 Introduction to convex and concave lenses 1.1 Basics Convex Lens Shape: Concave Lens Shape: Symbol: Symbol: Effect to parallel rays: Effect to parallel rays: Explanation: Explanation:
More informationFeasibility and Design for the Simplex Electronic Telescope. Brian Dodson
Feasibility and Design for the Simplex Electronic Telescope Brian Dodson Charge: A feasibility check and design hints are wanted for the proposed Simplex Electronic Telescope (SET). The telescope is based
More informationExperiment 2 Simple Lenses. Introduction. Focal Lengths of Simple Lenses
Experiment 2 Simple Lenses Introduction In this experiment you will measure the focal lengths of (1) a simple positive lens and (2) a simple negative lens. In each case, you will be given a specific method
More informationAN INTRODUCTION TO CHROMATIC ABERRATION IN REFRACTORS
AN INTRODUCTION TO CHROMATIC ABERRATION IN REFRACTORS The popularity of high-quality refractors draws attention to color correction in such instruments. There are several point of confusion and misconceptions.
More informationExplanation of Aberration and Wavefront
Explanation of Aberration and Wavefront 1. What Causes Blur? 2. What is? 4. What is wavefront? 5. Hartmann-Shack Aberrometer 6. Adoption of wavefront technology David Oh 1. What Causes Blur? 2. What is?
More informationEE119 Introduction to Optical Engineering Fall 2009 Final Exam. Name:
EE119 Introduction to Optical Engineering Fall 2009 Final Exam Name: SID: CLOSED BOOK. THREE 8 1/2 X 11 SHEETS OF NOTES, AND SCIENTIFIC POCKET CALCULATOR PERMITTED. TIME ALLOTTED: 180 MINUTES Fundamental
More informationLecture Outline Chapter 27. Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outline Chapter 27 Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker Chapter 27 Optical Instruments Units of Chapter 27 The Human Eye and the Camera Lenses in Combination and Corrective Optics The Magnifying
More informationLecture 4: Geometrical Optics 2. Optical Systems. Images and Pupils. Rays. Wavefronts. Aberrations. Outline
Lecture 4: Geometrical Optics 2 Outline 1 Optical Systems 2 Images and Pupils 3 Rays 4 Wavefronts 5 Aberrations Christoph U. Keller, Leiden University, keller@strw.leidenuniv.nl Lecture 4: Geometrical
More informationPhysics 228 Lecture 3. Today: Spherical Mirrors Lenses.
Physics 228 Lecture 3 Today: Spherical Mirrors Lenses www.physics.rutgers.edu/ugrad/228 a) Santa as he sees himself in a mirrored sphere. b) Santa as he sees himself in a flat mirror after too much eggnog.
More informationPhysics 1411 Telescopes Lab
Name: Section: Partners: Physics 1411 Telescopes Lab Refracting and Reflecting telescopes are the two most common types of telescopes you will find. Each of these can be mounted on either an equatorial
More informationEE119 Introduction to Optical Engineering Spring 2002 Final Exam. Name:
EE119 Introduction to Optical Engineering Spring 2002 Final Exam Name: SID: CLOSED BOOK. FOUR 8 1/2 X 11 SHEETS OF NOTES, AND SCIENTIFIC POCKET CALCULATOR PERMITTED. TIME ALLOTTED: 180 MINUTES Fundamental
More informationRefraction is the when a ray changes mediums. Examples of mediums:
Refraction and Lenses Refraction is the when a ray changes mediums. Examples of mediums: Lenses are optical devices which take advantage of the refraction of light to 1. produces images real and 2. change
More informationChapter 18 Optical Elements
Chapter 18 Optical Elements GOALS When you have mastered the content of this chapter, you will be able to achieve the following goals: Definitions Define each of the following terms and use it in an operational
More information[ Summary. 3i = 1* 6i = 4J;
the projections at angle 2. We calculate the difference between the measured projections at angle 2 (6 and 14) and the projections based on the previous esti mate (top row: 2>\ + 6\ = 10; same for bottom
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) A plane mirror is placed on the level bottom of a swimming pool that holds water (n =
More informationCOURSE NAME: PHOTOGRAPHY AND AUDIO VISUAL PRODUCTION (VOCATIONAL) FOR UNDER GRADUATE (FIRST YEAR)
COURSE NAME: PHOTOGRAPHY AND AUDIO VISUAL PRODUCTION (VOCATIONAL) FOR UNDER GRADUATE (FIRST YEAR) PAPER TITLE: BASIC PHOTOGRAPHIC UNIT - 3 : SIMPLE LENS TOPIC: LENS PROPERTIES AND DEFECTS OBJECTIVES By
More informationChapter 25. Optical Instruments
Chapter 25 Optical Instruments Optical Instruments Analysis generally involves the laws of reflection and refraction Analysis uses the procedures of geometric optics To explain certain phenomena, the wave
More information13. Optical Instruments*
13. Optical Instruments* Objective: Here what you have been learning about thin lenses is applied to make a telescope. In the process you encounter general optical instrument design concepts. The learning
More informationTelecentric Imaging Object space telecentricity stop source: edmund optics The 5 classical Seidel Aberrations First order aberrations Spherical Aberration (~r 4 ) Origin: different focal lengths for different
More informationImageMaster. Worldwide Leader in MTF Testing
ImageMaster Worldwide Leader in MTF Testing Contents Page Overview 3 ImageMaster Series The most comprehensive line of MTF Equipment...........3 ImageMaster R&D Line................................................7
More informationLecture 2: Geometrical Optics. Geometrical Approximation. Lenses. Mirrors. Optical Systems. Images and Pupils. Aberrations.
Lecture 2: Geometrical Optics Outline 1 Geometrical Approximation 2 Lenses 3 Mirrors 4 Optical Systems 5 Images and Pupils 6 Aberrations Christoph U. Keller, Leiden Observatory, keller@strw.leidenuniv.nl
More informationECEG105/ECEU646 Optics for Engineers Course Notes Part 4: Apertures, Aberrations Prof. Charles A. DiMarzio Northeastern University Fall 2008
ECEG105/ECEU646 Optics for Engineers Course Notes Part 4: Apertures, Aberrations Prof. Charles A. DiMarzio Northeastern University Fall 2008 July 2003+ Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University 11270-04-1
More informationPhysics 197 Lab 7: Thin Lenses and Optics
Physics 197 Lab 7: Thin Lenses and Optics Equipment: Item Part # Qty per Team # of Teams Basic Optics Light Source PASCO OS-8517 1 12 12 Power Cord for Light Source 1 12 12 Ray Optics Set (Concave Lens)
More informationOctober 7, Peter Cheimets Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory 60 Garden Street, MS 5 Cambridge, MA Dear Peter:
October 7, 1997 Peter Cheimets Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory 60 Garden Street, MS 5 Cambridge, MA 02138 Dear Peter: This is the report on all of the HIREX analysis done to date, with corrections
More informationFor rotationally symmetric optical
: Maintaining Uniform Temperature Fluctuations John Tejada, Janos Technology, Inc. An optical system is athermalized if its critical performance parameters (such as MTF, BFL, EFL, etc.,) do not change
More informationINTRODUCTION TO ABERRATIONS IN OPTICAL IMAGING SYSTEMS
INTRODUCTION TO ABERRATIONS IN OPTICAL IMAGING SYSTEMS JOSE SASIÄN University of Arizona ШШ CAMBRIDGE Щ0 UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents Preface Acknowledgements Harold H. Hopkins Roland V. Shack Symbols 1 Introduction
More informationCHAPTER 3 OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
1 CHAPTER 3 OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS 3.1 Introduction The title of this chapter is to some extent false advertising, because the instruments described are the instruments of first-year optics courses, not optical
More informationRefraction of Light. Refraction of Light
1 Refraction of Light Activity: Disappearing coin Place an empty cup on the table and drop a penny in it. Look down into the cup so that you can see the coin. Move back away from the cup slowly until the
More informationLens Design I. Lecture 5: Advanced handling I Herbert Gross. Summer term
Lens Design I Lecture 5: Advanced handling I 2015-05-11 Herbert Gross Summer term 2015 www.iap.uni-jena.de 2 Preliminary Schedule 1 13.04. Basics 2 20.04. Properties of optical systrems I 3 27.05. Properties
More informationABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION
Design and performance of a new compact adaptable autostigmatic alignment tool William P. Kuhn Opt-E, 3450 S Broadmont Dr Ste 112, Tucson, AZ, USA 85713-5245 bill.kuhn@opt-e.com ABSTRACT The design and
More informationOptical design of a high resolution vision lens
Optical design of a high resolution vision lens Paul Claassen, optical designer, paul.claassen@sioux.eu Marnix Tas, optical specialist, marnix.tas@sioux.eu Prof L.Beckmann, l.beckmann@hccnet.nl Summary:
More informationAstronomy 80 B: Light. Lecture 9: curved mirrors, lenses, aberrations 29 April 2003 Jerry Nelson
Astronomy 80 B: Light Lecture 9: curved mirrors, lenses, aberrations 29 April 2003 Jerry Nelson Sensitive Countries LLNL field trip 2003 April 29 80B-Light 2 Topics for Today Optical illusion Reflections
More informationED-Lenses. Zoom. Boating. Spectator Sports. Travel & Hiking. Hunting. Mountaineering. Wildlife & Observation. Aspherical Lenses
Aspherical Lenses Bak-4 Spectacle Wearers Eyecups Luger DIM Full Coating ED-Lenses Phase Corrected Zoom Aspherical Lenses The application of aspherical lenses leads to an accurate collimating of the light
More informationLens Design I Seminar 1
Xiang Lu, Ralf Hambach Friedrich Schiller University Jena Institute of Applied Physics Albert-Einstein-Str 15 07745 Jena Lens Design I Seminar 1 Warm-Up (20min) Setup a single, symmetric, biconvex lens
More informationBasic Optics System OS-8515C
40 50 30 60 20 70 10 80 0 90 80 10 20 70 T 30 60 40 50 50 40 60 30 70 20 80 90 90 80 BASIC OPTICS RAY TABLE 10 0 10 70 20 60 50 40 30 Instruction Manual with Experiment Guide and Teachers Notes 012-09900B
More informationPerson s Optics Test KEY SSSS
Person s Optics Test KEY SSSS 2017-18 Competitors Names: School Name: All questions are worth one point unless otherwise stated. Show ALL WORK or you may not receive credit. Include correct units whenever
More informationLecture 2: Geometrical Optics. Geometrical Approximation. Lenses. Mirrors. Optical Systems. Images and Pupils. Aberrations.
Lecture 2: Geometrical Optics Outline 1 Geometrical Approximation 2 Lenses 3 Mirrors 4 Optical Systems 5 Images and Pupils 6 Aberrations Christoph U. Keller, Leiden Observatory, keller@strw.leidenuniv.nl
More informationPhysics 142 Lenses and Mirrors Page 1. Lenses and Mirrors. Now for the sequence of events, in no particular order. Dan Rather
Physics 142 Lenses and Mirrors Page 1 Lenses and Mirrors Now or the sequence o events, in no particular order. Dan Rather Overview: making use o the laws o relection and reraction We will now study ormation
More informationPerformance Comparison of Spectrometers Featuring On-Axis and Off-Axis Grating Rotation
Performance Comparison of Spectrometers Featuring On-Axis and Off-Axis Rotation By: Michael Case and Roy Grayzel, Acton Research Corporation Introduction The majority of modern spectrographs and scanning
More informationGeometrical Optics for AO Claire Max UC Santa Cruz CfAO 2009 Summer School
Geometrical Optics for AO Claire Max UC Santa Cruz CfAO 2009 Summer School Page 1 Some tools for active learning In-class conceptual questions will aim to engage you in more active learning and provide
More informationChapter 34. Images. Copyright 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 34 Images Copyright 34-1 Images and Plane Mirrors Learning Objectives 34.01 Distinguish virtual images from real images. 34.02 Explain the common roadway mirage. 34.03 Sketch a ray diagram for
More informationLenses Design Basics. Introduction. RONAR-SMITH Laser Optics. Optics for Medical. System. Laser. Semiconductor Spectroscopy.
Introduction Optics Application Lenses Design Basics a) Convex lenses Convex lenses are optical imaging components with positive focus length. After going through the convex lens, parallel beam of light
More information