Managing Dynamic Networks

Transcription

1 Managing Dynamic Networks

2 Stefan Klein Angeliki Poulymenakou Editors Managing Dynamic Networks Organizational Perspectives of Technology Enabled Inter-firm Collaboration With 26 Figures and 23 Tables 123

3 Professor Stefan Klein University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland stefan.klein@ucd.ie Dr. Angeliki Poulymenakou Athens University of Economics and Business Patission Athens Greece akp@aueb.gr Cataloging-in-Publication Data Library of Congress Control Number: ISBN X Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Erich Kirchner Production: Helmut Petri Printing: Strauss Offsetdruck SPIN Printed on acid-free paper 42/

4 Preface In the current business environment, collaboration and networking seem to be promising strategic options. As an outbound maneuver they are used by firms to extend their control over a complex and distributed environment and to achieve an advantageous position. As an inbound maneuver they are targeted at extending and augmenting the firm s capabilities. The proliferation of information and communication technology has been a major driver for increased networking. Technology itself follows a networked model. It facilitates and enables networking by providing an information and communication infrastructure and by leveraging positive network effects. Networks appear in a multiplicity of arrangements and have become ubiquitous forms of organising. Networks emerge across all parts of society; from neighbourhood networks and the Mafia to international political or military alliances. Medieval examples of far flung trade networks like the Hanseatic League underscore, that networks are by no means a new phenomenon. Combining different firms, inter-firm networks manifest themselves in highly diverse, criss-crossing and overlapping forms and shapes. However, despite their benefits networks are precarious organisational arrangements. They are inherently unstable, hybrid and underorganised. As a response, the contributions in this book emphasize the salience of dedicated and diligent network management. Network management is not just an extension to classical management but requires a profound reorientation and acknowledgement of network-specific requirements. Looking at European examples of ICT enabled inter-firm networks in different industries education, construction, automotive, grocery retailing, pharmaceutical and bio-technology industry, telecommunication and mobile technology, IT and financial services, the chapters reflect the diversity of network forms across sectors and countries. Employing quantitative as well qualitative methods embed in rich and diverse theoretical traditions, they provide a contextualized account of network management practices and challenges. Specifically the chapters elaborate on: network strategy and identity, network governance, the management of a portfolio of network relations, social capital and control, power and identification, performance measurement and benchmarking, and the role of information, knowledge and communication infrastructures.

5 VI Preface The life-cycle view of network management reflects the changing managerial requirements as networks emerge and are transformed. At the same time, it provides a framework to position and link the various contributions. The contributions in this book are based on research, which was funded by the European Commission through the 5 th Framework Programme in a project on Dynamic Organisational Management for Interfirm Network Orchestrations (DOMINO, IST ). Table 1. The DOMINO consortium Participating Organisation Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece (co-ordinating partner) Copenhagen Business School (CBS), Denmark University of Muenster, Germany University of St.Gallen (HSG),Switzerland DIOS A/S - Danish Institute for Organization, Denmark Exodus S.A., Greece Namics AG, Switzerland & Germany Project Online S.A., Greece ECR - Efficient Consumer Response Association, Switzerland Representative Professor Angeliki Poulymenakou Professor Kenneth Husted Professor Stefan Klein Professor Daniel Corsten Kim Pedersen Anastasia Garbi Dr. Dorian Selz Anastasia Garbi Valentin K. Wepfer Our thanks go to Athanassios Chrissafis, who provided helpful feedback and guidance in his role as project officer on behalf of the Commission of the European Communities and Dr. Kostas Samiotis who was the DOMINIO project manager. Professor Andrew Deegan, Dean of the School of Business, UCD, provided generous support for the book project. Elpida Prassopoulou has been instrumental as our editorial research assistant. Our colleagues Harry Bouwman, Torsten Brodt, Daniel Corsten, Ulrich Frank, Marcel Gogolin, Martijn Hoogeweegen, Robert Johnston, Bernhard Katzy, Kate Kenny, Elpida Prasopoulou, Kai Reimers, Dorian Selz, Pascal Sieber, Alexander Teubner, Theresia Theurl and Rolf Wigand reviewed the chapters and provided critical feedback. Kai Wehmeyer put the book into its proper shape. Finally, Dr. Werner Müller and Manuela Ebert, Springer, provided guidance and critical support during the editing and publication process. Angeliki Poulymenakou Stefan Klein

6 Contents Preface V Part I: Framing Inter-firm Network Management 1 Networks as Orchestrations: Management in IT-enabled Inter-firm Collaborations Angeliki Poulymenakou and Stefan Klein 2 Network Management Framework Kai Riemer and Stefan Klein 3 17 Part II: Elaboration on Network Management Core Themes in Select Industry Settings 3 Connecting Company Strategy and Network Identity Heidi Jørgensen and Christian Vintergaard 4 Institutional Design of Mixed-mode Electronic Marketplaces Marcel Gogolin and Stefan Klein 5 Portfolio Management of R&D Collaborations in Mobile Commerce Volker Mahnke, Mikkel Lucas Overby and Lars Engels Nielsen 6 The Role of Social Capital in Managing Relationships with IT Suppliers - A Case Study in Electronic Commerce Kai Riemer 7 The Influence of Power Relations on Interorganisational Identification in Buyer-Supplier Relationships of the Automotive Industry Daniel Corsten, Gunther Kucza and Marion Peyinghaus 8 Performance Measurement in Supply Chain Networks: The case of fast moving consumer goods Dimitris Papakiriakopoulos

7 VIII Contents 9 Examining the Emerging Dynamics of an Information Infrastructure: The case of introducing a web-based collaboration platform in the construction industry Nasos Nikas and Angeliki Poulymenakou 10 Unraveling the Virtual University: The Case of emaster Postgraduate programme Elpida Prasopoulou, Angeliki Poulymenakou and Nancy Pouloudi Part III: Conclusions 11 Organizing Principles for Inter-firm Networks Elpida Prasopoulou and Angeliki Poulymenakou 283