New Results in Channel Modelling

Transcription

1 Università degli Studi di Udine Wireless and Power Line Communications Laboratory New Results in Channel Modelling Alberto Pittolo and Andrea M. Tonello WiPli Lab University of Udine, Italy EcoSys Lab Alpen-Adria-Universität, Austria 9th Workshop on Power Line Communications (WSPLC) September 2015 Klagenfurt Austria

2 Summary Quick overview Market requirements Power line communication scenario Our research group activities Channel characterization Scenarios comparison Average statistical metrics Channel modeling & Results Possible approaches Synthetic channel model Numerical results Conclusions 2

3 Quick overview Main demands from the telecommunication market and brief overview about the PLC channel phenomena. 3

4 Market Requirements Customers demand High speed connectivity Reliable data transfer Pervasive coverage Robustness & availability Industries want Save production costs Short developing time Quick and easy testing These features depend on the medium characteristics 4

5 Power Line Communication Scenario Well known PLC channel phenomena Extreme channel variability Unmatched loads Line discontinuities Severe frequency selectivity Attenuation & Distortion Several branches (multipath) Noise detrimental effects Stationary background noise Colored & Correlated Non-stationary impulsive noise Synchronous & Asynchronous 5 [REF] F. J. Cañete, J. A. Cortés, L. Díez, and J. T. Entrambasaguas, Analysis of the cyclic short-term variation of indoor power line channels, IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., vol. 24, no. 7, pp , Jul 2006.

6 PLC Networks Heterogeneity A variety of different application scenarios Indoor scenario Home Buildings Vehicles (car, ship, plane, ) Outdoor scenario Low voltage (LV) Medium voltage (MV) High voltage (HV) Attractive solution, especially in the Smart Grid context The focus is on the broadband frequency range 6 [REF] S. Goel, S.F. Bush, and D. Bakken, eds., IEEE Vision for Smart Grid Communications: 2030 and Beyond, IEEE Std. Association, 2013.

7 Research Group Activities Measuring & characterization Impairments Channel properties Implicit relationships Models development Simple & effective Exploiting smart solutions Emulators implementation Software simulators Hardware devices 7

8 Channel Characterization Different types of environments are compared in terms of the most commonly used statistical metrics. 8

9 Scenarios Comparison Attenuation Dispersion In-home (ITA, USA & ESP) Good match In-car (electric & conventional) Short wires DS In-ship Outdoor (LV & MV) Branches + Length ACG [R1] A. M. Tonello, F. Versolatto, and A. Pittolo, In-home power line communication channel: Statistical characterization, IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 62, no. 6, pp , Jun [R2] J. A. Cortés, F. J. Cañete, L. Díez, and J. L. G. Moreno, On the statistical properties of indoor power line channels: Measurements and models, in IEEE ISPLC, Apr. 2011, pp [R3] S. Galli, A novel approach to the statistical modeling of wireline channels, IEEE Trans. Commun.,vol.59, no.5,pp ,may [R4] F. Versolatto, A. M. Tonello, C. Tornelli, and D. D. Giustina, Statistical analysis of broadband underground medium voltage channels for PLC applications, in IEEE SmartGridComm, Nov [R5] M. Antoniali, M. De Piante, A. M. Tonello, PLC Noise and Channel Characterization in a Compact Electrical Car, in IEEE ISPLC, Mar [R6] M. Antoniali, A. M. Tonello, M. Lenardon, A. Qualizza, Measurements and Analysis of PLC Channels in a Cruise Ship, in IEEE ISPLC, Udine, Italy, April 3-6, 2011, pp [R7] M. Mohammadi, L. Lampe, M. Lok, S. Mirabbasi, M. Mirvakili, R. Rosales, and P. Van Veen, Measurement Study and Transmission for In- Vehicle Power Line Communication, in IEEE ISPLC, Mar 2009, pp [R8] M. Babic, M. Hagenau, K. Dostert, and J. Bausch, Theoretical postulation of the PLC channel model OPERA, IST Integrated Project No funded by EC, Tech. Rep., Mar 2005, OPERA Deliverable D4 9

10 Average Statistical Metrics Average channel gain (ACG) Similar for indoor scenarios Lowest for the in-ship High for outdoor lines Long cables Many branches RMS delay spread (DS) High for outdoor Relevant for home & ship Low for the in-car context Short wires Few branches Scenario Band (MHz) (db) (μs) (khz) In-home In-ship In-car (CC) In-car (EC) Outdoor LV Outdoor MV

11 Channel Modelling & Simulation Results Introducing the concepts underlying a novel top-down synthetic channel model based on the CFR. Some results are provided 11

12 Channel Modeling Modelling is appealing since Avoids on field testing Is cheap, quick and simple Reproduces different scenarios Two possible methods Deterministic Statistical Two dual approaches Bottom-up Top-down 12 [R1] T. Esmailian, F.R. Kschischang, and P. Glenn Gulak, In-Building Power Lines as High-Speed Communication Channels: Channel Characterization and a Test Channel Ensemble, Intern. J. of Commun. Syst., vol. 16, no. 5, pp , Jun [R2] M. Zimmermann and K. Dostert, A multipath model for the powerline channel, IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 50, no. 4, pp , Apr 2002.

13 Bottom-Up vs Top-Down Two dual approaches to model the PLC channel Each has strengths and weaknesses Bottom-Up Tight PHY connection Faithful but onerous Top-Down Analytical fitting General but simple Suitable for statistical analysis 13

14 Synthetic Channel Model Description Consider the CFR, amplitude and phase, in db scale ( ) = ( ) ( ) = + ( ) is normally distributed ( ) uniformly distributed in, The normalized covariance matrix depend on R = R + R + R, R, From data R, & Im R 0.024, implying & uncorrelated (~independent) R assumed as real 14 [REF] A. M. Tonello, A. Pittolo, and M. Girotto, Power line communications: Understanding the channel for physical layer evolution based on filter bank modulation, IEICE Trans. On Commun., vol. E97-B, no. 8, pp , Aug 2014.

15 Experimental vs Simulated Channels Comparison among Experimental measures Simulated channels Note as exhibits High values almost everywhere Higher between nearer Good correlation matching Variations limited to Sharp transitions Low correlation values 15 [REF] A. M. Tonello, A. Pittolo, and M. Girotto, Power line communications: Understanding the channel for physical layer evolution based on filter bank modulation, IEICE Trans. On Commun., vol. E97-B, no. 8, pp , Aug 2014.

16 Conclusions PLC represents a challenging environment A variety of detrimental channel effects Heterogeneity of possible scenarios Great deal of noise It has been demonstrated through our measurement campaigns Differences exist But similar behavior and relations hold SYNTHETIC channel modeling is appealing since it is Statistically representative Flexible parameters can be selected from environment Simple short run-time in simulation 16