CONSERVATION STATUS OF THE PLAINS SPOTTED SKUNK IN TEXAS CLINT PERKINS PRESENTED TO EL CAMINO REAL CHAPTER TMNP 11 MAY 2017
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1 CONSERVATION STATUS OF THE PLAINS SPOTTED SKUNK IN TEXAS CLINT PERKINS PRESENTED TO EL CAMINO REAL CHAPTER TMNP 11 MAY 2017
2 Hooded Skunk Striped Skunk Hog-nosed Skunk Western Spotted Skunk Eastern Spotted Skunk SKUNKS OF TEXAS
3 PLAINS SPOTTED SKUNK Order: Carnivora Family: Mephitidae Genus: Spilogale Scientific name: Spilogale putorius interrupta Colloquial Name: Civet Cat
4 NATURAL HISTORY Small in size: Body < 12 ; tail < 4-6 Weight: Males 1.25lbs; Females - < 1 lb. 1.43lbs in Waller County! Pelage: black with multiple broken white stripes Body elongate and weasel like Habitats: Prairies, closed canopy forests, juniper forests (thicker is better) Will readily acclimate to manmade structures (especially farms) Diet: insects, fruits (persimmons), small mammals, More carnivorous skunk species Arboreal!
5 HISTORICAL CONTEXT The plains subspecies has experienced a range wide decline In Texas, harvest records did not distinguish between civet cats
6 DISTRIBUTION 3 recognized subspecies Plains subspecies found from southern Canada to Tamaulipas, Mexico
7 DISTRIBUTION Texas Ecoregions: high plains, rolling plains, cross timbers, blackland prairie, post oak savannah, gulf prairie Edwards plateau (?), south Texas plains (?), piney woods (?)
8 BACKGROUND INFORMATION Is being considered for listing under the Endangered Species Act (2012) Texas species of greatest conservation need (S4)
9 PROJECT GOALS Create a species distribution model. Test the efficacy of survey methods Locate existing populations and areas with high localized abundance Establish baseline genetic data to examine and test the overall genetic health of the species in Texas
10 FIELD SURVEYS Surveyed 10 counties Used multiple techniques 7 day sampling period Deploy 120 devices
11 SURVEY DEVICES TRACK PLATES TRAIL CAMERAS
12 CROWD SOURCING Historical museum records Call for spotted skunk observations Collaboration with academic, rehab, biological, and citizen scientist groups.
13 CROWD SOURCING Wanted poster deployed to the public and citizen scientists Citizen scientist led trail camera surveys
14 SURVEY RESULTS Conducted from Sep through Jan survey nights 12 detections Detected skunks using all 3 devices
15 RESULTS: FIELD SURVEY Traps>Cameras>TPs at detecting skunks Traps: 6 (0.65%) Cameras: 4(0.38%) TPs: 2(0.21%) Overall: 12(0.44%)
16 RESULTS: CROWD SOURCING 13 modern museum records from 9 counties 29 from our Wanted poster and call for observations (14 counties) 48 recent records from Fort Hood (2 counties)
17 COMPARISON OF FIELD AND CROWD SOURCE SURVEYS
18 105 observations/detections RESULTS 26 total counties Cross Timbers region: 9 counties and 59 observations Gulf Prairies region: 4 counties and 24 observations
19 Citizen scientist led camera surveys Conducted in 6 counties Great Results!!!! 5 Detections in ~1100 camera nights (0.45%)! 3 Surveys in Milam County
20 USING GENETICS TO STUDY WILDLIFE Helps determine the resiliency of populations to environmental change Do they have the genetic variability present to adapt? Helps answer many basic biological questions Is population Y really different from population Z? How do landscape alterations affect the dispersal of this organism?
21 PROJECT GOALS Assess the genetic variability of eastern spotted skunks in Texas Compare genetic variability across the species range from South Dakota, to Texas, to Florida, to North Carolina and everywhere in between Test the validity of the three subspecies designations that were assigned on the basis of morphological differences
22 Axis 2 (10.89%) MICROSATELLITE DATA DETECT STRUCTURE AND SUPPORT THE MORPHOLOGICAL SUBSPECIES DESIGNATIONS Principal Coordinates Analysis Texas South Dakota Florida Alabama North Carolina S. p. interrupta S. p. putorius S. p. ambarvalis Axis 1 (25.58%)
23 DISCUSSION The plains spotted skunk is still widely distributed in Texas Localized abundant populations: Fort Hood and Katy Prairie Skunks detected in pristine prairie and juniper forests
24 Texas Comptrollers Office ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Angelo State University El Camino Real Chapter TMNP
25 REPORTING SPOTTED SKUNK OBSERVATIONS Cell: (318) inaturalist: ects/spotted-skunks-of-texas
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