An electromagnetic topology based simulation for wave propagation through shielded and semi-shielded systems following aperture interactions
|
|
- Beryl Baldwin
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements XII 6 An electromagnetic topology based simulation for wave propagation through shielded and semi-shielded systems following aperture interactions F. J. Agee, P. Kirawanich 2, J. Yakura 3, G. Tzeremes 4, C. Christodoulou 4 & N. E. Islam 2 Air Force Office of Scientific Research, USA 2 University of Missouri-Columbia, USA 3 Air Force Research Laboratory, USA 4 University of New Mexico, USA Abstract Electromagnetic topology based simulations have been performed for external field penetration and propagation through cables in adjacent semi-shielded and shielded systems. Following penetration through an aperture, the external pulse interacts with cables as distributed source elements. The interaction transfer function for the topological network was generated by assuming a short-circuited radiating dipole at the aperture. The simulation and analysis were performed using an electromagnetic topology domain computer code that analyzes multi-conductor transmission lines. Results show that the effects on cables depend on the nature of the external pulse and also on the amplitude and frequency component of the interacting pulse. In all cases of studies involving cross-talk geometry considerations the cables were terminated with 5 Ω. Other terminations are expected to produce different results. Keywords: electromagnetic topology, transmission line theory, system interaction, CRIPTE network simulation. Introduction Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and interference (EMI) analysis of electrical systems has been analyzed for some time through an alternate
2 62 Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements XII simulation technique known as electromagnetic topology (EMT) or volume decomposition of the electrical system s geometry [-4]. This simulation technique is most suited for very large electrical systems where the number of grid-points generated through conventional codes becomes unmanageable, specifically when the thinnest wires in the system need to be accounted for. For external pulse interactions through apertures it is also necessary to generate transfer functions for interactions when topological methods are used for analysis. The transfer functions can be generated through experiments and used as input to the code [5]. The transfer function can also be generated through a combination of measured and computed data or alternately computed through generated functions [4,6]. In this paper we present a topological scheme to analyze the interactions of an external electromagnetic pulse with cables inside a semi-shielded system and propagating onto a shielded system. Thus the interactions decomposed in the topological scheme include electromagnetic pulse penetration through an aperture (semi-shielded system), followed by interactions through cables that proceed to a shielded system through cables. In section 2 we begin with a brief introduction to the topological method and our topological simulation scheme. Section 3 briefly describes the transfer function method employed and the simulation results. We conclude in section 4. 2 Electromagnetic topology The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), NM, has been working in developing concepts for electromagnetic topology since the early 98s for the EMC analysis of large systems [-3]. Experiments on large electrical system was carried out and verified through a topological based code in the early 99 s [7]. In our simulation studies we have used the same code for analysis (CRIPTE, Calcul sur Reseaux des Interactions Perturbatrices en Topologie Electromagnetique) [8]. In the EMT simulation method a volume can be defined as a region of space where the fields and currents are created by the same source of interference. Consider Fig. (a), with shielding structures SS and SS 2 protecting electrical systems E and E 2, respectively. E and E 2 are connected to each other by a cable running through an opening O 2. Structure SS also has an aperture O and hence is a semi-shielded system, allowing wave penetration. EMT volume decomposition of Fig. (a) is shown in Fig. (b). Volume V is the proper volume covering the entire system. Volumes V, and V,2 are the elementary volumes representing structures SS and SS 2 respectively. The volumes V 2, - V 2,4 are the elementary volumes for electrical systems and the connecting cables. The first shielding level S ; (structure outer surface) and the second shielding level S ;2 (surfaces of cable outer layer and electrical system housings) separate the volume V and V,n, and V,n and V 2,n, respectively. Each volume has different shielding levels and the interactions between the volumes are only possible through cables linking the two volumes or through openings and apertures between them. The interaction sequence diagram corresponding to the system
3 Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements XII 63 shown in Fig. is shown in Fig. 2(a) where the volume nodes and surface nodes represent physical volumes and surfaces. The volume breakdown is made under the assumption of the good shielding approximation (GSA) theory assuming that external volumes can generate interferences inside inner volumes, but the counter-interactions can be neglected [3]. Incident pulse V O V, (SS ) V,2 (SS 2 ) SS SS 2 E O 2 V 2, (E ) V 2,2 V 2,3 V 2,4 (E 2 ) E 2 (a) (b) Figure : Diagrams of (a) the shielded rooms with aperture and (b) the volume decomposition. The branch between two volume nodes shows the penetration path from one volume to the other through surface openings or cables (solid-arrow lines) within the same shielding level, and through ambient space (dashed-arrow lines) between two different shielding levels. The surface nodes are associated with the penetration points through apertures. This concept makes EMT a feasible way to treat the internal EMI problems separately from the outer volume. Fig. 2(b) shows the tube and junction-like topological network associated with the topological diagram shown in Fig. 2(a). It is also assumed that SS 2 (V,2 ) is perfectly shielded. The interactions through the cables are represented by the solid-line tubes while the dashed-line tubes show the outside-to-inside transfer function. The topological code (CRIPTE) solves the network representation shown in Fig. 2(b), through solution of tubes and junctions that are incorporated through the BLT (Baum Liu and Tesche [9]) equation given by ([ I ] [ S][ Γ]).[ W ()] = [ S].[ Ws], () where [I], [S], and [Γ] are the identity, network scattering, and propagation supermatrices, respectively. The terms [W()] and [Ws] are the outgoing and source wave supervectors, respectively. The solution of the BLT equations has been incorporated in the CRIPTE code using the well-known LU method []. The interactions caused by the penetration through the ambient space (dashedline tube) have been investigated by the power balance concept [] and the extended BLT equation [2].
4 64 Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements XII O V Surface node Volume node S; V V, O2 V,2 TF O2 S;2 E O2 E2 V2, V2,2 V2,3 V2,4 (a) (b) Figure 2: Schematics of (a) interaction diagrams and (b) topological network associated with the system in Fig.. 3 System interaction technique based on transmission line theory The aperture equivalent sources can be represented by equivalent electric and magnetic dipole moments as discussed earlier [3-5]. The system coupling using the short imaginary radiating dipole method is shown in Fig. 3 as represented by network I. Network II in Fig. 3 represents components and connections of the system interior. It consists of two main tubes (T and T 2 ) for eight-conductor cables and two junctions (E and E 2 ) for the terminating impedances of both electrical modules and one junction (O 2 ) for the straightthrough connection type between cables T and T 2. The dotted-line junction between E and O 2 represents the coupling on tube T of the distributed equivalent generator V s originally generated by the topological network I. The equivalent voltage generators, which represent distributed source couplings on the cable over the ground plane, are derived from the incident electric field on the cable and from the reflected electric field from the ground plane in the absence of wiring so as to avoid wave reflection. The coupling methods of the incident fields on the cable incorporated in the code can be implemented through the Agrawal s formulation [6], as given by inc ref Vs ( z) = Ez ( h, z) + Ez ( h, z). (2) By incorporating the voltage in eqn (2), the source waves in eqn () can be written as [ Ws( z)] = z γ ( z ) [ e [ V ( z )] + [ Z ][ I ( z )]] dz z s C s, (3)
5 Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements XII 65 where [γ] is a propagation matrix and I s (z) = for the distributed source coupling. Then the voltage and current along the transmission line in the z direction can be determined through the definition of waves by [ W ( z)] = [ V ( z)] + [ Z ][ I( z)]. (4) C _ + Z H SC E SC Z Junction O2 (direct connection) Network I Z L Junctions E and E2 Network II E T O2 T2 Vs Vs Vs E x z Cable cross section for T and T2 Figure 3: Detailed configuration of topological networks and their components used in the EMT calculations. We make the following assumptions in our analysis: (a) the dimension of the radiating transmission line, the height of the transmission line from the ground, and the aperture length are assumed to be electrically small compared to the wavelength λ at the frequency of interest (λ = v /f, where v is the speed of light in free apace = 3 8 m/s); (b) the internal cable is located over the perfectly conducting ground plane in order to eliminate the antenna mode currents. Therefore, in the CRIPTE transmission line model it is possible to consider only the transmission line mode current; (c) the radiation losses due to the medium inside the inner volume are neglected; (d) since the aperture is assumed to be a one-dimensional gap, for convenience, the aperture polarizabilities are not taken into account; and (e) the coupling voltage generator in eqn (2) on the multiconductor cable T account only for the incident and ground-reflected E-fields, neglecting the wall-reflected E-field. 4 Simulation results In both the FDTD and EMT simulation approaches, we consider the case when the dimension of the aperture is electrically small relative to the wavelength. The
6 66 Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements XII results were first simulated using the FDTD method based on Yee s algorithm in free space [7]. The cell dimension is much less than the minimum wavelength. The finite difference equations in three dimensions have the same spatial steps as x = y = z = 6 mm. Once the grid size was defined, the next consideration was the stability by choosing the small enough time step t. The appropriate choice is x/2.c which gives ps where c is the speed of wave in free space. An incident Gaussian pulse is applied as the y-polarized excitation of the difference equations given by E inc 2 2 [ ( n t t ) / 2σ ] e = E, (5) where E is the peak amplitude, t is the original location of the peak, and σ is proportional to the pulse width. Fig. 4 shows the FDTD generated H-field (H SC ) and the E-field (E SC ) waveforms at the screen when the aperture is short-circuited when E is unity. The waveforms in Figs. 4(a) and 4(b) are H SC and E SC, respectively, for the 3.6-ns incident Gaussian pulse. Figs. 4(c) and 4(d) are the corresponding H SC and E SC, for the.36-ns incident Gaussian pulse. These waveforms are used in the radiation dipole antenna to generate fields at a distance from the aperture. To examine the effect of the electromagnetic fields on the system interior, the voltage signals propagating between both computers (E and E 2 ) were simulated. The excitation sources are incident Gaussian pulses as the mechanism of the penetration through the aperture was previously discussed. The -m multiconductor cable connecting both terminals is driven by a -V driving voltage source applied at the terminal E on conductor #, as labeled in Fig. 3. The terminating impedance of each port was represented by a 5-Ω resistance. The simulation results show the behavior of the signals before and after being disturbed by external excitations. Figs. 5(a) and 5(b) show the spectral components of the cable voltages at E and E 2, respectively, for each conductor (# through #8) without any influence caused by external perturbations. The strongest signal appears on conductor # as it is driven by the voltage source. The responses on the other conductors are the crosstalk signals induced by the signal on conductor #. The associated voltage responses of the system after being excited by the Gaussian pulses are shown in Figs. 5(c) through 5(f). The results shown in Figs. 5(c) and 5(d) for the cable signals at terminal E and E 2, respectively, show that the 3.6-ns incident pulse at the outer surface can upset the cable signals when the disturbing frequency range is from dc to MHz. For the system under the external excitation caused by the.36-ns incident pulse, the upset zone can be observed at frequencies from approximately MHz to 2 MHz, as shown in Figs. 5(e) and 5(f) for terminals E and E 2, respectively. The reason is that the amplitudes of pulse spectral contents account for the behaviors of the cable responses. The 3.6-ns Gaussian pulse has large-amplitude frequency components at low frequencies while those of the.36-ns Gaussian pulse exist at high frequencies.
7 Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements XII 67 Severity of the effects at high frequencies is of concern since the faster rise time of external perturbations induced the voltage to increase in amplitude. In addition, the cable resonances due to the mismatched impedances at cable extremities have a tendency to magnify the signal propagating on the cable as the frequency increases. Finally the results also show that even though the sensitive electrical system, i.e. E 2, is securely protected by the shielded wall, the disturbance can still be introduced into the system by the cable interaction through the wall. (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 4: 5 Conclusion Time-domain plots of (a) H SC and (b) E SC due to a 3.6-ns Gaussian incident pulse, and (c) H SC and (d) E SC due to a.36-ns Gaussian incident pulse. Electromagnetic field perturbation at apertures and propagation along multiple conductors in shielded areas can be studied through topological analysis. The transfer function is generated at the aperture as a short radiating dipole that illuminates the unshielded portion of the cable as distributed sources. The current and voltage wave then propagates through the multi-conductor cables. The external-internal interactions can be initially determined based on the transmission line theory with an FDTD-created driving source. Using the transfer function generated through this technique, it is possible to generate the electric fields coupling on the system interior.
8 68 Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements XII (a) at E (b) at E2.8.8 # # Upset zone (c) at E Upset zone (d) at E (e) at E Upset zone (f) at E2 Upset zone Figure 5: 2 3 Voltage spectral components of individual conductor at both terminals: (a)-(b) without excitation sources, (c)-(d) with a 3.6-ns Gaussian pulse, and (e)-(f) with a.36-ns Gaussian pulse. (E = e3).
9 Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements XII 69 Analysis shows that the responses of a system to external perturbations depend to a large extent on the incident pulse characteristics, conductor geometries and terminating impedances. Results also show that the effects on cables depend on the nature of external pulses and also on the amplitude and frequency components of the interacting pulse. Hardening of even a shielded system is of concern when the communication lines connect to peripherals through its walls. References [] C. E. Baum, Electromagnetic Topology: A formal approach to the analysis and design of complex electronic systems, Interaction Notes, 4, Kirtland, 98; also in Proc. Zurich EMC Symp, pp , 98. [2] J-P. Parmantier, J-C. Alliot, G. Labaune, and P. Degauque, Electromagnetic coupling on complex systems: topological approach, Interaction Notes, 488, 99. [3] C. E. Baum, The theory of electromagnetic interference control, Interaction Notes, 478, 989. [4] P. Kirawanich, R. Gunda, N. Kranthi, J. C. Kroenung, and N. E. Islam, Methodology for interference analysis using electromagnetic topology techniques, Appl. Phys. Lett, 84(5), pp , 24. [5] J-P. Parmantier and J-P. Aparicio, Electromagnetic topology: Coupling of two wires through an aperture, in Proc. Zurich EMC Symp, pp , 99. [6] G. Tzeremes, P. Kirawanich, C. Christodoulou, and N. E. Islam, Transmission lines as radiating antenna in sources aperture interactions in electromagnetic topology simulations, Antennas and Wireless Propagat. Lett, 3(5), pp , 24. [7] J-P. Parmantier, V. Gobin, F. Issac, I. Junqua, Y. Daudy, and J. M. Lagarde, An application of the electromagnetic topology theory on the test-bed aircraft, EMPTAC, Interaction Notes, 56, 993. [8] CRIPTE user s manual: research version. 23. [9] C. E. Baum, T. K. Liu, and F. M. Tesche, On the analysis of general multiconductor transmission-line networks, Interaction Notes, 35, 978. [] J. P. Parmantier, X. Ferrieres, S. Bertuol, and C. E. Baum Various ways to think of the resolution of the BLT equation with an LU technique, Interaction Notes, 535, 998. [] J-P. Parmantier, Numerical coupling models for complex systems and results, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, 46(3), pp , 24. [2] F. M. Tesche and C. M. Butler, On the addition of EM field propagation and coupling effects in the BLT equation, Interaction Notes, 588, 24. [3] F. M. Tesche, M. Ianoz, and T. Karlsson, EMC: Analysis Methods and Computational Models, Wiley: New York, 997. [4] P. Kirawanich, N. Kranthi, R. Gunda, A. R. Stillwell, and N. E. Islam, A method to characterize the interactions of external pulses and
10 6 Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements XII multiconductor lines in electromenetic topology based simulations, Jour. Appl. Phys., 96(), 24. [5] C. M. Butler, Y. Rahmat-Samii, and R. Mittra, Electromagnetic penetration through apertures in conducting surfaces, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, EMC-2(), pp , 978. [6] A. K. Agrawal, H. J. Price, and S. H. Gurbaxani, Transient response of multiconductor transmission lines excited by a nonuniform electromagnetic field, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat, 22, pp. 9-29, 98. [7] K. S. Yee, Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving Maxwell s equations in isotropic media, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., AP-4(3), pp , 966.
Investigation of a Method for RF Circuits Analysis Based on Electromagnetic Topology
396 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 396~400, 2009 Investigation of a Method for RF Circuits Analysis Based on Electromagnetic Topology Yoon-Mi Park, Young-Seek Chung*,
More informationTime-Domain Coupling Analysis of Shielded Cable on the Ground Excited by Plane Wave
Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 67, 45 53, 018 Time-Domain Coupling Analysis of Shielded Cable on the Ground Excited by Plane Wave Zhihong Ye 1, *, Cheng Liao, and Chuan Wen 1 Abstract This
More informationAn Efficient Hybrid Method for Calculating the EMC Coupling to a. Device on a Printed Circuit Board inside a Cavity. by a Wire Penetrating an Aperture
An Efficient Hybrid Method for Calculating the EMC Coupling to a Device on a Printed Circuit Board inside a Cavity by a Wire Penetrating an Aperture Chatrpol Lertsirimit David R. Jackson Donald R. Wilton
More informationTHE PROBLEM of electromagnetic interference between
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY, VOL. 50, NO. 2, MAY 2008 399 Estimation of Current Distribution on Multilayer Printed Circuit Board by Near-Field Measurement Qiang Chen, Member, IEEE,
More informationE. Nishiyama and M. Aikawa Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Saga University 1, Honjo-machi, Saga-shi, , Japan
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 33, 9 43, 001 FDTD ANALYSIS OF STACKED MICROSTRIP ANTENNA WITH HIGH GAIN E. Nishiyama and M. Aikawa Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Saga
More informationAnalysis of Crack Detection in Metallic and Non-metallic Surfaces Using FDTD Method
ECNDT 26 - We.4.3.2 Analysis of Crack Detection in Metallic and Non-metallic Surfaces Using FDTD Method Faezeh Sh.A.GHASEMI 1,2, M. S. ABRISHAMIAN 1, A. MOVAFEGHI 2 1 K. N. Toosi University of Technology,
More informationTHERMAL NOISE ANALYSIS OF THE RESISTIVE VEE DIPOLE
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 13, 21 28, 2010 THERMAL NOISE ANALYSIS OF THE RESISTIVE VEE DIPOLE S. Park DMC R&D Center Samsung Electronics Corporation Suwon, Republic of Korea K.
More informationPlanar inverted-f antennas loaded with very high permittivity ceramics
RADIO SCIENCE, VOL. 39,, doi:10.1029/2003rs002939, 2004 Planar inverted-f antennas loaded with very high permittivity ceramics Y. Hwang Pinnacle EMwave, Los Altos Hills, California, USA Y. P. Zhang Department
More informationOPEN SOURCE CABLE MODELS FOR EMI SIMULATIONS
OPEN SOURCE CABLE MODELS FOR EMI SIMULATIONS S. Greedy 1, C. Smartt 1, D. W. P. Thomas 1. 1 : George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,
More informationA Simple Wideband Transmission Line Model
A Simple Wideband Transmission Line Model Prepared by F. M. Tesche Holcombe Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering & Science 337 Fluor Daniel Building Box 34915 Clemson, SC
More informationCorrelation Between Measured and Simulated Parameters of a Proposed Transfer Standard
Correlation Between Measured and Simulated Parameters of a Proposed Transfer Standard Jim Nadolny AMP Incorporated ABSTRACT Total radiated power of a device can be measured using a mode stirred chamber
More informationAnalysis of Microstrip Circuits Using a Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method
Analysis of Microstrip Circuits Using a Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method M.G. BANCIU and R. RAMER School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales Sydney 5 NSW
More informationENHANCEMENT OF PRINTED DIPOLE ANTENNAS CHARACTERISTICS USING SEMI-EBG GROUND PLANE
J. of Electromagn. Waves and Appl., Vol. 2, No. 8, 993 16, 26 ENHANCEMENT OF PRINTED DIPOLE ANTENNAS CHARACTERISTICS USING SEMI-EBG GROUND PLANE F. Yang, V. Demir, D. A. Elsherbeni, and A. Z. Elsherbeni
More informationCrosstalk Coupling between Cable Pairs
Crosstalk Coupling between Cable Pairs By: Mohammed M Al-Asadi and Alistair P. Duffy - De Montfort University, UK and Kenneth G Hodge, and Arthur J Willis - Brand-Rex Ltd, UK Abstract A new approach to
More informationA Modified E-Shaped Microstrip Antenna for Ultra Wideband and ISM band applications
IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.1 No.7, July 21 179 A Modified E-Shaped Microstrip Antenna for Ultra Wideband and ISM band applications M. M. Abd-Elrazzak 1,
More informationEMC ANALYSIS OF ANTENNAS MOUNTED ON ELECTRICALLY LARGE PLATFORMS WITH PARALLEL FDTD METHOD
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 84, 205 220, 2008 EMC ANALYSIS OF ANTENNAS MOUNTED ON ELECTRICALLY LARGE PLATFORMS WITH PARALLEL FDTD METHOD J.-Z. Lei, C.-H. Liang, W. Ding, and Y. Zhang National
More informationTECHNICAL REPORT: CVEL Special Considerations for PCB Heatsink Radiation Estimation. Xinbo He and Dr. Todd Hubing Clemson University
TECHNICAL REPORT: CVEL-11-27 Special Considerations for PCB Heatsink Radiation Estimation Xinbo He and Dr. Todd Hubing Clemson University May 4, 211 Table of Contents Abstract... 3 1. Configuration for
More informationNumerical Study of Stirring Effects in a Mode-Stirred Reverberation Chamber by using the Finite Difference Time Domain Simulation
Forum for Electromagnetic Research Methods and Application Technologies (FERMAT) Numerical Study of Stirring Effects in a Mode-Stirred Reverberation Chamber by using the Finite Difference Time Domain Simulation
More informationMEASUREMENTS OF COUPLING THROUGH BRAIDED SHIELD VIA NEW CONDUCTED IMMUNITY TECH- NIQUE
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 11, 61 68, 2009 MEASUREMENTS OF COUPLING THROUGH BRAIDED SHIELD VIA NEW CONDUCTED IMMUNITY TECH- NIQUE M. Ghassempouri College of Electrical Engineering Iran
More informationFDTD CHARACTERIZATION OF MEANDER LINE ANTENNAS FOR RF AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 4, 85 99, 999 FDTD CHARACTERIZATION OF MEANDER LINE ANTENNAS FOR RF AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS C.-W. P. Huang, A. Z. Elsherbeni, J. J. Chen, and C. E. Smith
More informationA NEW METHOD FOR CALCULATING TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC RESPONSES OF AC/DC POWER SYSTEM WITH EXTERNAL ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE INTERFERENCE
Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 13, 45 6, 1 A NEW METHOD FOR CALCULATING TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC RESPONSES OF AC/DC POWER SYSTEM WITH EXTERNAL ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE INTERFERENCE X.-Y. Huo
More informationSignal and Noise Measurement Techniques Using Magnetic Field Probes
Signal and Noise Measurement Techniques Using Magnetic Field Probes Abstract: Magnetic loops have long been used by EMC personnel to sniff out sources of emissions in circuits and equipment. Additional
More informationProgress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 36, , 2002
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 36, 247 264, 2002 ELECTROMAGNETIC COUPLING ANALYSIS OF TRANSIENT SIGNAL THROUGH SLOTS OR APERTURES PERFORATED IN A SHIELDING METALLIC ENCLOSURE USING FDTD METHODOLOGY
More informationElectromagnetic Compatibility ( EMC )
Electromagnetic Compatibility ( EMC ) Introduction EMC Testing 1-2 -1 Agenda System Radiated Interference Test System Conducted Interference Test 1-2 -2 System Radiated Interference Test Open-Area Test
More informationReconstruction of Current Distribution and Termination Impedances of PCB-Traces by Magnetic Near-Field Data and Transmission-Line Theory
Reconstruction of Current Distribution and Termination Impedances of PCB-Traces by Magnetic Near-Field Data and Transmission-Line Theory Robert Nowak, Stephan Frei TU Dortmund University Dortmund, Germany
More informationTransient calibration of electric field sensors
Transient calibration of electric field sensors M D Judd University of Strathclyde Glasgow, UK Abstract An electric field sensor calibration system that operates in the time-domain is described and its
More informationFDTD SPICE Analysis of High-Speed Cells in Silicon Integrated Circuits
FDTD Analysis of High-Speed Cells in Silicon Integrated Circuits Neven Orhanovic and Norio Matsui Applied Simulation Technology Gateway Place, Suite 8 San Jose, CA 9 {neven, matsui}@apsimtech.com Abstract
More informationSome Aspects of Finite Length Dipole Antenna Design
Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering 214 Vol I WCE 214, July 2-4, 214, London, U.K. Some Aspects of Finite Length Dipole Antenna Design P. Banerjee and T. Bezboruah, Member, IAENG Abstract-
More informationFull Wave Analysis of Planar Interconnect Structures Using FDTD SPICE
Full Wave Analysis of Planar Interconnect Structures Using FDTD SPICE N. Orhanovic, R. Raghuram, and N. Matsui Applied Simulation Technology 1641 N. First Street, Suite 17 San Jose, CA 95112 {neven, raghu,
More informationAbout the High-Frequency Interferences produced in Systems including PWM and AC Motors
About the High-Frequency Interferences produced in Systems including PWM and AC Motors ELEONORA DARIE Electrotechnical Department Technical University of Civil Engineering B-dul Pache Protopopescu 66,
More informationElectromagnetic Analysis of Propagation and Scattering Fields in Dielectric Elliptic Cylinder on Planar Ground
PIERS ONLINE, VOL. 5, NO. 7, 2009 684 Electromagnetic Analysis of Propagation and Scattering Fields in Dielectric Elliptic Cylinder on Planar Ground Yasumitsu Miyazaki 1, Tadahiro Hashimoto 2, and Koichi
More informationVariations on the Switched-Oscillator Theme
Circuit and Electromagnetic System Design Notes Note 59 4 February 2009 Variations on the Switched-Oscillator Theme Carl E. Baum University of New Mexico Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
More informationProgress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 122, 15 27, 2012
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 122, 15 27, 2012 A PCB NOISE ANALYSIS REGARDING EMP PENE- TRATION USING AN ELECTROMAGNETIC TOPOL- OGY METHOD S. M. Han 1, *, J. J. Bang 1, C. S. Huh 1, and J.
More informationPerformance Analysis of Different Ultra Wideband Planar Monopole Antennas as EMI sensors
International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering. ISSN 09742166 Volume 5, Number 4 (2012), pp. 435445 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com Performance Analysis
More informationFDTD-Based Lightning Surge Simulation of a Microwave Relay Station
214 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Shanghai, China FDTD-Based Lightning Surge Simulation of a Microwave Relay Station Akiyoshi Tatematsu, Kenichi Yamazaki, and Hirokazu Matsumoto
More informationA MODEL TO SIMULATE EM SWITCHING TRANSIENTS IN ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATIONS
A MODEL TO SIMULATE EM SWITCHING TRANSIENTS IN ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATIONS G. Ala, P. Buccheri, M. Inzerillo Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica - Universitˆ di Palermo Viale delle Scienze,
More informationCompact Electric Antennas
Sensor and Simulation Notes Note 500 August 2005 Compact Electric Antennas Carl E. Baum University of New Mexico Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 Abstract
More informationSusceptibility of an Electromagnetic Band-gap Filter
1 Susceptibility of an Electromagnetic Band-gap Filter Shao Ying Huang, Student Member, IEEE and Yee Hui Lee, Member, IEEE, Abstract In a compact dual planar electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) microstrip structure,
More informationBroadband array antennas using a self-complementary antenna array and dielectric slabs
Broadband array antennas using a self-complementary antenna array and dielectric slabs Gustafsson, Mats Published: 24-- Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Gustafsson, M. (24). Broadband
More informationIntroduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility
Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility Second Edition CLAYTON R. PAUL Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Mercer University, Macon, Georgia and Emeritus Professor
More informationInfluence Of Lightning Strike Location On The Induced Voltage On a Nearby Overhead Line
NATIONAL POWER SYSTEMS CONFERENCE NPSC22 563 Influence Of Lightning Strike Location On The Induced Voltage On a Nearby Overhead Line P. Durai Kannu and M. Joy Thomas Abstract This paper analyses the voltages
More informationTAPERED MEANDER SLOT ANTENNA FOR DUAL BAND PERSONAL WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
are closer to grazing, where 50. However, once the spectral current distribution is windowed, and the level of the edge singularity is reduced by this process, the computed RCS shows a much better agreement
More informationComparison of IC Conducted Emission Measurement Methods
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT, VOL. 52, NO. 3, JUNE 2003 839 Comparison of IC Conducted Emission Measurement Methods Franco Fiori, Member, IEEE, and Francesco Musolino, Member, IEEE
More informationStudy and Analysis of Wire Antenna using Integral Equations: A MATLAB Approach
2016 International Conference on Micro-Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Study and Analysis of Wire Antenna using Integral Equations: A MATLAB Approach 1 Shekhar, 2 Taimoor Khan, 3 Abhishek
More informationProgress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 119, , 2011
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 119, 253 263, 2011 A VALIDATION OF CONVENTIONAL PROTECTION DEVICES IN PROTECTING EMP THREATS S. M. Han 1, *, C. S. Huh 1, and J. S. Choi 2 1 INHA University,
More informationInvestigation of the Double-Y Balun for Feeding Pulsed Antennas
Proceedings of the SPIE, Vol. 5089, April 2003 Investigation of the Double-Y Balun for Feeding Pulsed Antennas Jaikrishna B. Venkatesan a and Waymond R. Scott, Jr. b Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta,
More informationSAR REDUCTION IN SLOTTED PIFA FOR MOBILE HANDSETS USING RF SHIELD
SAR REDUCTION IN SLOTTED PIFA FOR MOBILE HANDSETS USING RF SHIELD T. Anita Jones Mary 1 and C. S. Ravichandran 2 1 Department of Electronics and Communication, Karunya University, Coimbatore, India 2 SSK
More informationModelling electromagnetic field coupling from an ESD gun to an IC
Modelling electromagnetic field coupling from an ESD gun to an IC Ji Zhang #1, Daryl G Beetner #2, Richard Moseley *3, Scott Herrin *4 and David Pommerenke #5 # EMC Laboratory, Missouri University of Science
More informationUnderstanding the Unintended Antenna Behavior of a Product
Understanding the Unintended Antenna Behavior of a Product Colin E. Brench Southwest Research Institute Electromagnetic Compatibility Research and Testing colin.brench@swri.org Radiating System Source
More informationPerformance of Closely Spaced Multiple Antennas for Terminal Applications
Performance of Closely Spaced Multiple Antennas for Terminal Applications Anders Derneryd, Jonas Fridén, Patrik Persson, Anders Stjernman Ericsson AB, Ericsson Research SE-417 56 Göteborg, Sweden {anders.derneryd,
More informationADVANCES in NATURAL and APPLIED SCIENCES
ADVANCES in NATURAL and APPLIED SCIENCES ISSN: 1995-0772 Published BYAENSI Publication EISSN: 1998-1090 http://www.aensiweb.com/anas 2017 May 11(7):pages 52-56 Open Access Journal Design and Modeling of
More informationThe analysis of microstrip antennas using the FDTD method
Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements XII 611 The analysis of microstrip antennas using the FDTD method M. Wnuk, G. Różański & M. Bugaj Faculty of Electronics, Military University of Technology,
More informationPulse Transmission and Cable Properties ================================
PHYS 4211 Fall 2005 Last edit: October 2, 2006 T.E. Coan Pulse Transmission and Cable Properties ================================ GOAL To understand how voltage and current pulses are transmitted along
More informationElectromagnetic Band Gap Structures in Antenna Engineering
Electromagnetic Band Gap Structures in Antenna Engineering FAN YANG University of Mississippi YAHYA RAHMAT-SAMII University of California at Los Angeles Hfl CAMBRIDGE Щ0 UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents Preface
More informationSignal-Processing Techniques to Reduce the Sinusoidal Steady-State Error in the FDTD Method
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, VOL. 48, NO. 4, APRIL 2000 585 Signal-Processing Techniques to Reduce the Sinusoidal Steady-State Error in the FDTD Method Levent Gürel, Senior Member, IEEE,
More informationImpedance Modeling for a Unit Cell of the Square Loop Frequency Selective Surface at 2.4 GHz
Impedance Modeling for a Unit Cell of the Square Loop Frequency Selective Surface at 2.4 GHz M.Z.A. Abd. Aziz #1, M. Md. Shukor #2, B. H. Ahmad #3, M. F. Johar #4, M. F. Abd. Malek* 5 #Center for Telecommunication
More informationFull Wave Solution for Intel CPU With a Heat Sink for EMC Investigations
Full Wave Solution for Intel CPU With a Heat Sink for EMC Investigations Author Lu, Junwei, Zhu, Boyuan, Thiel, David Published 2010 Journal Title I E E E Transactions on Magnetics DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2010.2044483
More informationMicrowave switchable frequency selective surface with high quality factor resonance and low polarization sensitivity
263 Microwave switchable frequency selective surface with high quality factor resonance and low polarization sensitivity Victor Dmitriev and Marcelo N. Kawakatsu Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal
More informationEM Noise Mitigation in Electronic Circuit Boards and Enclosures
EM Noise Mitigation in Electronic Circuit Boards and Enclosures Omar M. Ramahi, Lin Li, Xin Wu, Vijaya Chebolu, Vinay Subramanian, Telesphor Kamgaing, Tom Antonsen, Ed Ott, and Steve Anlage A. James Clark
More informationThe Impedance Variation with Feed Position of a Microstrip Line-Fed Patch Antenna
SERBIAN JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Vol. 11, No. 1, February 2014, 85-96 UDC: 621.396.677.5:621.3.011.21 DOI: 10.2298/SJEE131121008S The Impedance Variation with Feed Position of a Microstrip Line-Fed
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
A full-parameter unidirectional metamaterial cloak for microwaves Bilinear Transformations Figure 1 Graphical depiction of the bilinear transformation and derived material parameters. (a) The transformation
More informationEMP Finite-element Time-domain Electromagnetics
EMP Finite-element Time-domain Electromagnetics Field Precision Copyright 2002 PO Box 13595 Albuquerque, New Mexico 87192 U.S.A. Telephone: 505-220-3975 FAX: 505-294-0222 E Mail: techinfo@fieldp.com Internet:
More informationANALYZING TWO SLOTS TERMINATED WITH MI- CROWAVE NETWORK ON THE GROUND USING MULTI-MODE EXPANSION
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 36, 67 75, 203 ANALYZING TWO SLOTS TERMINATED WITH MI- CROWAVE NETWORK ON THE GROUND USING MULTI-MODE EXPANSION Sihai Qiu * and Yinghua Lu Beijing University
More informationMonoconical RF Antenna
Page 1 of 8 RF and Microwave Models : Monoconical RF Antenna Monoconical RF Antenna Introduction Conical antennas are useful for many applications due to their broadband characteristics and relative simplicity.
More informationOptimization of a Wide-Band 2-Shaped Patch Antenna for Wireless Communications
Optimization of a Wide-Band 2-Shaped Patch Antenna for Wireless Communications ALI EL ALAMI 1, SAAD DOSSE BENNANI 2, MOULHIME EL BEKKALI 3, ALI BENBASSOU 4 1, 3, 4 University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah
More informationAN IMPROVED MODEL FOR ESTIMATING RADIATED EMISSIONS FROM A PCB WITH ATTACHED CABLE
Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 33, 17 29, 2013 AN IMPROVED MODEL FOR ESTIMATING RADIATED EMISSIONS FROM A PCB WITH ATTACHED CABLE Jia-Haw Goh, Boon-Kuan Chung *, Eng-Hock Lim, and Sheng-Chyan
More informationIntroduction to Radar Systems. Radar Antennas. MIT Lincoln Laboratory. Radar Antennas - 1 PRH 6/18/02
Introduction to Radar Systems Radar Antennas Radar Antennas - 1 Disclaimer of Endorsement and Liability The video courseware and accompanying viewgraphs presented on this server were prepared as an account
More informationEMI/EMC ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS SUBJECT TO NEAR ZONE ILLUMINATIONS
EMI/EMC ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS SUBJECT TO NEAR ZONE ILLUMINATIONS DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of
More informationElectromagnetic Shielding Analysis of Buildings Under Power Lines Hit by Lightning
Electromagnetic Shielding Analysis of Buildings Under Power Lines Hit by Lightning S. Ladan, A. Aghabarati, R. Moini, S. Fortin and F.P. Dawalibi Safe Engineering Services and Technologies ltd. Montreal,
More informationEC6011-ELECTROMAGNETICINTERFERENCEANDCOMPATIBILITY
EC6011-ELECTROMAGNETICINTERFERENCEANDCOMPATIBILITY UNIT-3 Part A 1. What is an opto-isolator? [N/D-16] An optoisolator (also known as optical coupler,optocoupler and opto-isolator) is a semiconductor device
More informationExperiment 12: Microwaves
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics 8.02 Spring 2005 OBJECTIVES Experiment 12: Microwaves To observe the polarization and angular dependence of radiation from a microwave generator
More informationSquare Patch Antenna: A Computer Aided Design Methodology
International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering. ISSN 0974-2166 Volume 4, Number 5 (2011), pp. 483-489 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com Square Patch Antenna:
More information150Hz to 1MHz magnetic field coupling to a typical shielded cable above a ground plane configuration
150Hz to 1MHz magnetic field coupling to a typical shielded cable above a ground plane configuration D. A. Weston Lowfreqcablecoupling.doc 7-9-2005 The data and information contained within this report
More informationRectangular Patch Antenna to Operate in Flame Retardant 4 Using Coaxial Feeding Technique
International Journal of Electronics Engineering Research. ISSN 0975-6450 Volume 9, Number 3 (2017) pp. 399-407 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com Rectangular Patch Antenna to Operate
More informationA Compact Miniaturized Frequency Selective Surface with Stable Resonant Frequency
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 62, 17 22, 2016 A Compact Miniaturized Frequency Selective Surface with Stable Resonant Frequency Ning Liu 1, *, Xian-Jun Sheng 2, and Jing-Jing Fan
More informationTransactions on Engineering Sciences vol WIT Press, ISSN
Efficient analysis of high frequency electronic circuits by combining LE-FDTD method with static solutions L.Cecchi, F. Alimenti, P. Ciampolini, L. Roselli, P. Mezzanotte and R. Sorrentino Institute of
More informationWIRELESS power transfer through coupled antennas
3442 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, VOL. 58, NO. 11, NOVEMBER 2010 Fundamental Aspects of Near-Field Coupling Small Antennas for Wireless Power Transfer Jaechun Lee, Member, IEEE, and Sangwook
More informationProgress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 98, , 2009
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 98, 175 190, 2009 SIMULATION OF TIME MODULATED LINEAR ANTENNA ARRAYS USING THE FDTD METHOD S. W. Yang, Y. K. Chen, and Z. P. Nie Department of Microwave Engineering
More informationTransmission Lines. Ranga Rodrigo. January 27, Antennas and Propagation: Transmission Lines 1/72
Transmission Lines Ranga Rodrigo January 27, 2009 Antennas and Propagation: Transmission Lines 1/72 1 Standing Waves 2 Smith Chart 3 Impedance Matching Series Reactive Matching Shunt Reactive Matching
More informationCOAXIAL / CIRCULAR HORN ANTENNA FOR A STANDARD
COAXIAL / CIRCULAR HORN ANTENNA FOR 802.11A STANDARD Petr Všetula Doctoral Degree Programme (1), FEEC BUT E-mail: xvsetu00@stud.feec.vutbr.cz Supervised by: Zbyněk Raida E-mail: raida@feec.vutbr.cz Abstract:
More informationPolitecnico di Torino. Porto Institutional Repository
Politecnico di Torino Porto Institutional Repository [Proceeding] Integrated miniaturized antennas for automotive applications Original Citation: Vietti G., Dassano G., Orefice M. (2010). Integrated miniaturized
More informationUNIT Explain the radiation from two-wire. Ans: Radiation from Two wire
UNIT 1 1. Explain the radiation from two-wire. Radiation from Two wire Figure1.1.1 shows a voltage source connected two-wire transmission line which is further connected to an antenna. An electric field
More informationAntenna Fundamentals Basics antenna theory and concepts
Antenna Fundamentals Basics antenna theory and concepts M. Haridim Brno University of Technology, Brno February 2017 1 Topics What is antenna Antenna types Antenna parameters: radiation pattern, directivity,
More informationIdentifying EM Radiation from a Printed-Circuit Board Driven by Differential-Signaling
[Technical Paper] Identifying EM Radiation from a Printed-Circuit Board Driven by Differential-Signaling Yoshiki Kayano and Hiroshi Inoue Akita University, 1-1 Tegata-Gakuen-machi, Akita 010-8502, Japan
More informationINTERNAL SHORTED PATCH ANTENNA INTEGRATED WITH A SHIELDING METAL CASE FOR UMTS OPER- ATION IN A PDA PHONE
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 10, 63 73, 2009 INTERNAL SHORTED PATCH ANTENNA INTEGRATED WITH A SHIELDING METAL CASE FOR UMTS OPER- ATION IN A PDA PHONE Y.-T. Liu Department of Physics R.O.C.
More informationS.E. =20log e. t P. t P
The effects of gaps introduced into a continuous EMI gasket When properly designed, a surface-mount EMI gasket can provide essentially the same shielding performance as continuous gasketing. THOMAS CLUPPER
More informationThe Principle V(SWR) The Result. Mirror, Mirror, Darkly, Darkly
The Principle V(SWR) The Result Mirror, Mirror, Darkly, Darkly 1 Question time!! What do you think VSWR (SWR) mean to you? What does one mean by a transmission line? Coaxial line Waveguide Water pipe Tunnel
More informationEfficient FDTD parallel processing on modern PC CPUs
Efficient FDTD simulations 1 of 8 Efficient FDTD parallel processing on modern PC CPUs Efficient FDTD simulations W. Simon, A. Lauer, D. Manteuffel, A. Wien, I.Wolff IMST GmbH, Carl-Friedrich-Gauss-Str.
More informationAnalysis of the Shielding Effectiveness for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Fuselage Based on Modal Method of Moments
Analysis of the Shielding Effectiveness for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Fuselage Based on Modal Method of Moments Chao Zhou, Meihong Zhang CAAC Academy of Flight Technology and Safety, Civil Aviation Flight
More informationDesign of a UHF Pyramidal Horn Antenna Using CST
Volume 114 No. 7 2017, 447-457 ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.ijpam.eu ijpam.eu Design of a UHF Pyramidal Horn Antenna Using CST Biswa Ranjan Barik
More information( ) 2 ( ) 3 ( ) + 1. cos! t " R / v p 1 ) H =! ˆ" I #l ' $ 2 ' 2 (18.20) * + ! ˆ& "I #l ' $ 2 ' , ( βr << 1. "l ' E! ˆR I 0"l ' cos& + ˆ& 0
Summary Chapter 8. This last chapter treats the problem of antennas and radiation from antennas. We start with the elemental electric dipole and introduce the idea of retardation of potentials and fields
More informationCHAPTER 2 MICROSTRIP REFLECTARRAY ANTENNA AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
43 CHAPTER 2 MICROSTRIP REFLECTARRAY ANTENNA AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 2.1 INTRODUCTION This work begins with design of reflectarrays with conventional patches as unit cells for operation at Ku Band in
More informationComparative Analysis of Intel Pentium 4 and IEEE/EMC TC-9/ACEM CPU Heat Sinks
Comparative Analysis of Intel Pentium 4 and IEEE/EMC TC-9/ACEM CPU Heat Sinks Author Lu, Junwei, Duan, Xiao Published 2007 Conference Title 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
More informationDESIGN AND ENHANCEMENT BANDWIDTH RECTANGULAR PATCH ANTENNA USING SINGLE TRAPEZOIDAL SLOT TECHNIQUE
DESIGN AND ENHANCEMENT BANDWIDTH RECTANGULAR PATCH ANTENNA USING SINGLE TRAPEZOIDAL SLOT TECHNIQUE Karim A. Hamad Department of Electronics and Communications, College of Engineering, Al- Nahrain University,
More informationComputational Magic and the EMC Engineer
Computational Magic and the EMC Engineer By Glen Dash, Ampyx LLC, GlenDash at alum.mit.edu Copyright 1999, 2005 Ampyx LLC Using a computer to simulate EMC phenomena is a field full of promise. In decades
More informationConsiderations about Radiated Emission Tests in Anechoic Chambers that do not fulfil the NSA Requirements
6 th IMEKO TC Symposium Sept. -, 8, Florence, Italy Considerations about Radiated Emission Tests in Anechoic Chambers that do not fulfil the NSA Requirements M. Borsero, A. Dalla Chiara 3, C. Pravato,
More informationTitle. Author(s)Omiya, Manabu; Hikage, Takashi; Ohno, Norio; Horiguc IEEE, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION4. Issue Date
Title Design of cavity-backed slot antennas using the fini Author(s)Omiya, Manabu; Hikage, Takashi; Ohno, Norio; Horiguc CitationIEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, 46(12 Issue Date 1998-12
More informationRadiated EMI Recognition and Identification from PCB Configuration Using Neural Network
PIERS ONLINE, VOL. 3, NO., 007 5 Radiated EMI Recognition and Identification from PCB Configuration Using Neural Network P. Sujintanarat, P. Dangkham, S. Chaichana, K. Aunchaleevarapan, and P. Teekaput
More informationRADIATION from slots and seams in conducting enclosures
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY, VOL. 39, NO. 2, MAY 1997 147 Comparison of FDTD Algorithms for Subcellular Modeling of Slots in Shielding Enclosures Kuang-Ping Ma, Min Li, James L.
More informationDesign of leaky coaxial cables with periodic slots
RADIO SCIENCE, VOL. 37, NO. 5, 1069, doi:10.1029/2000rs002534, 2002 Design of leaky coaxial cables with periodic slots Jun Hong Wang 1 and Kenneth K. Mei Department of Electronic Engineering, City University
More information