Contents. Acknowledgments... xv. Earthly Paradises The Garden of Eden The Elysian Fields Islands of the Blest...

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1 Preface xiii Acknowledgments xv INTRODUCTION UTOPIANISM BEFORE THOMAS MORE The Myths The Golden Age Hesiod, Works and Days 18 Ovid, Metamorphoses Vergil, Fourth Eclogue Earthly Paradises The Garden of Eden Genesis The Elysian Fields Pindar, Fragments Islands of the Blest Horace, Epode Earthly Paradises in the Middle Ages The Garden of Eden Dracontius The Land of Prester John The Lawgivers Solon Lycurgus vii

2 Utopias and Utopian Satires Plato, Republic Aristophanes, Ecclesiazusae The Prophets Isaiah Hellenistic Utopias Iambulus, Heliopolis Saturnalia Lucian of Samosata, Saturnalia The Millennium The Revelation of St. John II Baruch Joachim of Fiore, The Arrangement of the New People of God in the Third State after the Model of the Heavenly Jerusalem Monasticism The Rule of Saint Benedict The Rule of Saint Francis The Cockaigne Telecleides Cockaigne THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY Thomas More, Utopia François Rabelais, The Abbey of Theleme Michel de Montaigne, Of the Cannibals THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY Joseph Hall, Mundus alter et idem William Shakespeare, The Tempest viii

3 Tommaso Campanella, The City of the Sun Francis Bacon, New Atlantis Gerrard Winstanley, The Law of Freedom in a Platform Margaret Cavendish, The Inventory of Judgements Commonwealth James Harrington, The Commonwealth of Oceana THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY Jonathan Swift, Gulliver s Travels Jean-Jacques Rousseau, A Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality among Men Louis Sébastien Mercier, Memoirs of the Year Two Thousand Five Hundred Nicolas- Edmé Restif de la Bretonne, L andrographe William Godwin, Enquiry Concerning Political Justice Timothy Dwight, Greenfield Hill Antoine- Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis de Condorcet, Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind Thomas Spence, The Constitution of Spensonia THE NINETEENTH CENTURY Communal Societies as Utopias Shakers Frederick William Evans, The Shaker Compendium The Millennial Laws or Gospel Statutes and Ordinances Adapted to the Day of Christ s Second Appearing Shaker Covenant Amana, or the Community of True Inspiration The Twenty- One Rules for the Examination of Our Daily Lives Oneida ix

4 System of Criticism Charles Fourier, Selections Describing the Phalanstery American Fourierism Albert Brisbane, Association Modern Times Moncure Conway, Autobiography Utopianism and Utopian Literature John Lithgow, Equality, a History of Lithconia Charles Henri de Saint- Simon, Sketch of a New Political System John Adolphus Etzler, The Paradise within Reach of All Men, without Labour, by Powers of Nature and Machinery Robert Owen, The Book of the New Moral World Étienne Cabet, Voyage to Icaria Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto. 268 Samuel Butler, Erewhon Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward: William Morris s review of Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward William Morris, News from Nowhere Edward Bellamy s review of William Morris, News from Nowhere Ignatius Donnelly, Caesar s Column Theodor Hertzka, Freeland William Dean Howells, A Traveler from Altruria Andrew Acworth, A New Eden THE TWENTIETH CENTURY H. G. Wells, A Modern Utopia x

5 Gabriel Tarde, Underground Man Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain, Sultana s Dream Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Herland Yevgeny Zamiatin, We Katherine Burdekin, Swastika Night Aldous Huxley, Brave New World Brave New World Revisited Olaf Stapledon, Darkness and the Light B. F. Skinner, Walden Two Walden Two Revisited George Orwell, Nineteen Eighty-Four Ursula K. Le Guin, The Day before the Revolution Ernest Callenbach, Ecotopia: The Notebooks and Reports of William Weston Evie Shockley, separation anxiety AFTERWORD: THE TWENTY- FIRST CENTURY Young Adult Dystopias Survivalist Dystopias Non-Print Utopias Occupy Notes Index About the Editors xi