Artificial Intelligence. Vertiefungsmodul Astrobiology: Panspermie und Terraforming von (Exo-)Planeten WS 13/14 Mag. Christian Grundner

Transcription

1 Artificial Intelligence Vertiefungsmodul Astrobiology: Panspermie und Terraforming von (Exo-)Planeten WS 13/14 Mag. Christian Grundner

2 Ray Kurzweil

3 Term A.I. was coined in 1956 Have computers think Changes EVERYTHING

4 Definition 1: Intelligent Agent Operate autonomously, perceive their environment, persist over a prolonged time period, adapt to change, create and pursue goals

5 Definition 1: Intelligent Agent Operate autonomously, perceive their environment, persist over a prolonged time period, adapt to change, create and pursue goals

6 Definition 1: Intelligent Agent Operate autonomously, perceive their environment, persist over a prolonged time period, adapt to change, create and pursue goals D.A.R.T.

7 Definition 2 : Weak AI Can Machines Act Intelligently Every aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it. - McCarthy 1956 Alan Turing

8 Definition 2 : Weak AI Can Machines Act Intelligently Alan Turing

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10 Definition 3 : Strong AI Can Machines Really Think? "...machines will be capable, within twenty years, of doing any work a man can do." - Herbert A. Simon 1965 Nothing gets ever built within schedule or within budget - Murpys Law of Technology #8

11 Definition 3 : Strong AI Can Machines Really Think? Reason, use strategy, solve puzzles, and make judgments under uncertainty Represent knowledge, including commonsense knowledge; Plan Learn Communicate in natural language; Integrate all these skills towards common goals. Consciousness: To have subjective experience and thought. Self-awareness: To be aware of oneself as a separate individual, especially to be aware of one's own thoughts. Sentience: The ability to "feel" perceptions or emotions subjectively. Sapience: The capacity for wisdom size/675x550/ key/communityserver.components.postattachments/ /marvin.jpg

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13 Remove time boundaries Computation Speed Immortality Learning by downloading Size boundaries Human Skull %2Fdestroy_all_podcasts_dx_episode_100_side_megazone_23&ei=DnWgUqSXNsix0QXT24HoAw&bvm=bv ,d.ZGU&psig=AFQjCNHLtpfhHx9HfV83uouB2W7DDoqX3Q&ust=

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17 1 - Rules Knowledge Engineer Identify Task Assemble relevant knowledge Decide on vocabulary Encode general knowledge about domain Encode specific problem instance Pose queries Debug knowledge m, c Mother (c)=m Female(m) Parent(m, c).

18 CYC facts

19 2 - Building neural net

20 Evolino / LSTM

21 3 - Brain downloading

22 Reconstructing the brain piece by piece and building a virtual brain in a supercomputer these are some of the goals of the Blue Brain Project. The virtual brain will be an exceptional tool giving neuroscientists a new understanding of the brain and a better understanding of neurological diseases.

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26 Wohin bringt uns das? Cyborgs augmented humans Human intelligence A.I. does not need same resources as humans Exponential growth Immortality Danke - Diskussion