Mimosa Backhaul. copyright Mimosa. All rights reserved.

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1 copyright Mimosa. All rights reserved. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. This document contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated to another language without the prior written consent of Mimosa.

2 Help Content White Papers & Application Notes Table of Contents FAQ's... 1 Backhaul FAQ Overview... 1 Setup... 2 Default IP Address... 2 Reset Process... 4 Reset B5/B5c and B Reset B5-Lite... 5 Serial Number Location... 7 Unlock Process Change Unlock Country No CLI Performance MAC Throughput Maximum Tx Power Maximum Tx Power Details Tx Power Optimization SNR Required for each MCS Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) Quality of Service (QoS) Calculating Link Latency Calculating TCP Performance Maximum Link Distance Spectrum Analysis Auto Everything Dual Link Collocation GPS and Collocation Relay Site Connections Compatibility Radio Compatibility Antennas & Coaxial Cables B5c Compatibility B11 Compatibility Traffic Handling VLAN Support Paint Specifications Supported Frequencies Supported Channel Widths Frequency Tolerance Receiver Sensitivity GHz Operation Power over Ethernet (PoE) Page

3 Help Content White Papers & Application Notes Hardware & Materials Installation Guide Installation Overview Unlock Radio Unlock Process SMS Verification Mounting & Grounding B5 Mounting and Grounding B5c Mounting and Grounding B5-Lite Mounting and Grounding B11 Mounting and Grounding Power & Data Connections Power over Ethernet (PoE) Ethernet Port & IP67 Gland Fiber Port & IP67 Gland Antenna Connections B5c Antenna Connections Backhaul Setup Backhaul Setup Indoor Test Methods Backhaul RF Tuning Process Installation Videos B5/B5c Videos B5-Lite Videos User Guide Overview Accessing the Interface Logging In User Interface Overview Dashboard Single Client (PTP) Mode Dashboard Overview Signal Meter Aiming Mode Performance Device Details MIMO Status Multi Client (PTMP) Mode Dashboard Overview Current Usage Performance Client List Device Details Wireless Channel & Power Spectrum Analyzer Page

4 Help Content White Papers & Application Notes Channel & Power Settings... Exclusions & Restrictions... Link... TDMA Configuration... Link Configuration... Clients... Client List... Location... Local Satellite Signals... Satellite Information... Location Data... Local Coordinates... Remote Coordinates... Distance... Site Survey... Survey Results... Preferences... General... Naming... Time... Set Password... Miscellaneous... Management... Management IP... Watchdog... Services... Miscellaneous... Network Interfaces... Management VLAN... REST Services GHz Console GHz Network GHz Security... Notifications... SNMP Notifications... SNMP Traps... System Log Notifications... System Log Traps... Firmware & Reset... Firmware Update... Reset & Reboot... Backup & Restore... Backup & Restore... Diagnostics... Tests... Test Overview Page

5 Help Content White Papers & Application Notes Ping... Bandwidth... Traceroute... Logs... Log Overview... REST API... REST API Overview... GET Device Status... GET Device Info... GET Ethernet Configuration... GET Link Info... GET Device Reboot... SNMP Interface... SNMP MIB Downloads... SNMP OID Reference Tables... SNMP Usage Examples... SNMP Get... SNMP Walk... SNMP Table... SNMP Object Names... Troubleshooting Guide... Overview... LED Status Indicators... B5/B5c LED Status... B5-Lite LED Status... B11 LED Status Indicators... Ethernet Speed... VLAN Connections... Intermittent Access... Radios not associated... GPS Signals... Low SNR... High PER... Low Rx Power... Low TCP Throughput... Throughput Testing... Testing Throughput with iperf... Firmware... Backhaul Firmware Roadmap... B5/B5c... B5/B5c Firmware Downloads... B5/B5c Release Notes... B5-Lite... B5-Lite Firmware Downloads... B5-Lite Release Notes... B Page

6 Help Content White Papers & Application Notes B11 Firmware Downloads... B11 Release Notes... White Papers & Application Notes... Using TDMA-FD... Fresnel Zones Page

7 Help Content FAQ's Backhaul FAQ Overview We categorized our FAQ's to make it easy to find answers. If you didn't find what you were looking for, please let us know. FAQ's Setup Collocation Default IP Address Unlock Process Change Unlock Country Reset Compatibility Reset B5/B5c Reset B5-Lite Serial Number Locations Performance MAC Throughput Maximum Tx Power Tx Power Optimization SNR Required for each MCS Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) Quality of Service (QoS) Calculating Link Latency Calculating TCP Performance Maximum Link Distance Spectrum Analyzer Auto Everything Radio Compatibility Traffic Handling VLAN Support Antennas and Coaxial Cables Paint Specifications Supported Frequencies Supported Channel Widths Receiver Sensitivity 4.9 GHz Operation Power over Ethernet (PoE) Hardware & Materials Monitoring GPS and Collocation Relay Site Connections Cloud Connectivity Requirements Page 1

8 Help Content Setup Default IP Address Mimosa backhaul radios can be accessed either via the wired interface or the 2.4 GHz wireless interface (if applicable). An internal bridge connects the two interfaces. Each interface is assigned a default IP address (see table below), and both addresses respond via either interface. The wired interface can either be set manually to a static IP or changed dynamically via DHCP. The wireless interface IP can not be changed. Notes: 1. The wired Ethernet interface is configured by default to use DHCP with a static failover to the IP address in the table below. 2. If applying power to the radio without populating the PoE Data port, the recovery page will be shown via the wireless interface for 5 minutes. This behavior is normal and is a part of the Reset process. In this case, the default wireless IP will be Value Wired Ethernet 2.4 GHz Wireless* IP Address Subnet Mask * Does not apply to B5-Lite. IP Address Discovery Run the following command from the command line to discover the IP addresses of any directly connected Mimosa devices. The string "20:B5:C6" is an Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI), which is the first half of the MAC address assigned to Mimosa devices. After executing the command, the IP address will be shown for each device. Windows / DOS: arp -a findstr 20:B5:C6 Mac / Linux: arp -a grep 20:B5:C6 Port Scan Run the following command from the command line to discover the port of any directly connected Mimosa devices. This is especially useful if the port has been changed, and you do not remember the port number. nmap Page 2

9 Help Content Setup No CDP / LLDP Support Mimosa radios do not respond to either CDP or LLDP at this time. Related: Backhaul Setup Overview - Detailed process for configuring your device Accessing the Mimosa Cloud - Firewall adjustments for cloud monitoring (no NAT required) Reset Process - Explains how to recover/reset a device if needed Page 3

10 Help Content Reset Process Reset B5/B5c and B11 Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 This process is to restore the device to the factory state when the device is physically available. It replaces a physical reset button and allows recovery without the need to climb a tower. Follow these steps to reset the radio: 1. Unplug both Ethernet cables from the POE. Leave unplugged for about 3 seconds. 2. Plug in only the data + power cable to the radio. Do not plug in the LAN cable. 3. Immediately connect to the "mimosar###" SSID (where ### = the last three digits of the serial number) with a PC or mobile device. The SSID and total recovery window expires after 5 minutes. 4. With a web browser, navigate to Enter the device serial number located on back of device and click enter. 6. Click the reset button to factory reset the device. This action will remove all configuration settings and passwords. 7. The radio will then reboot for about 90 seconds. After factory reset, access the device with the default IP address, then follow the device unlock process again before reuse. It is also good practice to create a configuration backup such that it can be restored in the case of lost passwords. Page 4

11 Help Content Reset Process Local Device Reset Product Applicability: B5-Lite This process is to restore the device to the factory state when the device is physically available. Follow these steps to reset the radio: 1. Disconnect the Ethernet cable from the radio. 2. Insert a paper clip into the hole next to the Ethernet port (see image below), and then plug the Ethernet cable back in. The green LED will blink slowly after 2 seconds, and then fast after 4 seconds. 3. Let go of the reset button when the green LED starts blinking fast. 4. The radio will then reboot for approximately 90 seconds. 5. Connect your computer to the LAN input of the PoE. 6. With a web browser, navigate to Reset Button Page 5

12 Help Content Reset Process After factory reset, access the device with the default IP address and password, then follow the device unlock process again before reuse. It is also good practice to create a configuration backup such that it can be restored in the case of lost passwords. Page 6

13 Help Content Reset Process Finding the Serial Number The Mimosa serial number is a 10-digit number used to differentiate radios. This unique number is used as part of the unlock process to ensure genuine product assurance. There are two ways to find the Serial number on a Mimosa radio: 1. On the back of the radio, you can find the serial number next to the QR code (see images below). 2. Within the user interface, you can find the serial number on the Dashboard under Device Details. B5 Serial Number Label Page 7

14 Help Content Reset Process B5c Serial Number Label B5-Lite Serial Number Label Page 8

15 Help Content Reset Process B11 Serial Number Label Page 9

16 Help Content Reset Process Page 10

17 Help Content Unlock Process Changing the Unlock Country Background During the unlock process, a country must be selected to obtain an unlock code. The country can be changed later, but a new unlock code is required to do so. Unlock codes are specific to both the serial number of the device and the country selected. Process This process describes how to obtain an unlock code for another country if the device is moved outside of the original country, or if licensed mode is used: 1. Log into manage.mimosa.co 2. Click on your network name in the upper right hand corner. 3. Select Settings > Account. 4. Click on the "Choose a Network" drop-down list and select your network name. Page 11

18 Help Content Unlock Process 5. Click on the Add Country Code to Network button. 6. In the dialog box that opens, select the new country to add. 7. Complete additional contact information. 8. If changing to a country with licensed operation ("[Country Name] Licensed"), agree to the Terms of Use and click Add. Page 12

19 Help Content Unlock Process 9. Click the "Manage" drop-down box, and select Device Unlock. 10. Choose the new unlock country from the "Country" drop-down list. Page 13

20 Help Content Unlock Process 11. Enter the device serial number. 12. Once you accept the terms and submit, the new unlock code will be shown. 13. Reset the unlock code and enter the new unlock code to complete the process. Page 14

21 Help Content Setup No Command Line Interface (CLI) Access There is no user-accessible method for SSH or telnet to Mimosa devices. Mimosa Support is the only party capable of accessing the shell, and only after installation of an RSA certificate. Mimosa disables the CLI by default due to security, support, and regulatory compliance concerns: Prevents installation of non-mimosa operating systems that can lead to unsupported configuration changes especially related to regulatory compliance. Protects devices, and data passing across them, from unauthorized access. Deters counterfeiting and reverse engineering of Mimosa's intellectual property. Page 15

22 Help Content Performance MAC Throughput MAC throughput is shown on the Dashboard Signal Meter as "MAC Tx/Rx (Mbps)". The acronym MAC is short for "Media Access Control", which is one of two sub-layers within Layer 2 of the Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) model. Layer 2 is responsible for forward error correction and management of the channel (e.g. flow control, collision prevention, and TDMA timing). These functions are necessary for the network to operate properly, but they add processing overhead which results in lower throughput than at the PHY (Layer 1). TDMA Settings Affect MAC Throughput On Mimosa radios, MAC throughput can be adjusted since it is a function of the configurable TDMA settings: TDMA Traffic Split and TDMA Transmit Window. When using TDMA, a time-based MAC protocol, each radio takes turns sending and receiving. The time allocated to each side for transmission is controlled with the TDMA Traffic Split. This value can be set in the device GUI to 50/50, 75/25 or 25/75 (in Auto mode). The Traffic Split slash notation follows the convention: Local Tx Window / Remote Tx Window. The numbers on either side of the slash ("/"), represent the Duty Cycle for each side. MAC efficiency varies with the TDMA Window size (2/4/8 ms). Larger windows allow for a larger ratio of data to the required overhead that accompanies it. Conversely, smaller windows allow for less data to be transmitted at a time which is necessary for applications that are sensitive to latency (such as VoIP), but the overhead is the same. Calculating MAC Throughput Based on PHY Rate The formulas for determining MAC throughput in either direction are the following: MAC Tx Throughput = Tx PHY rate * Tx MAC Duty Cycle * MAC Efficiency MAC Rx Throughput = Rx PHY rate * Rx MAC Duty Cycle * MAC Efficiency Where: 1. Tx/Rx MAC Duty Cycle represents the transmit window (25%, 50%, or 75%) based on TDMA Traffic Split. 2. MAC Efficiency is a function of the TDMA Transmit Window from the table below. Transmit Window MAC Efficiency 8 ms 90 % 4 ms 80 % 2 ms 70 % Example: Page 16

23 Help Content Performance Tx MAC Throughput (Mbps) = 1560 * 50% * 80% = 624 Mbps Rx MAC Throughput (Mbps) = 1300 * 50% * 80% = 520 Mbps Note: The built-in Bandwidth test on the radio (Diagnostics > Tests > Bandwidth) displays UDP results, which should closely match the MAC Throughput shown on the Dashboard. The UDP protocol is connection-less and unidirectional, whereas the TCP protocol requires bi-directional communication and acknowledgements (ACK) from the remote host in response to a transmission. Related: Calculating TCP Performance - Understanding and optimizing for TCP traffic TDMA Configuration - Link Configuration in Backhaul User Guide Page 17

24 Help Content Performance Backhaul Maximum Tx Power The maximum transmit power that you can select is limited by product specifications, the number of channels in use, and maximum EIRP limits. Maximum Transmitter Power radios are capable of transmitting at the power levels in the table below. With the B5 and B5c, total power can be divided equally (preferred) or unequally (if necessary) between the two channels. Once power is selected for a particular channel, it is then divided equally between H and V chains. Maximum Tx Power (dbm) Product Channels Total Power Per Channel Per Chain B5/B5c 1 2 FD * B5-Lite B11 1/FD * With the B5/B5c, single channel mode has a 3 db advantage over dual channel mode. This is because two channels (four chains) are combined internally with the same frequency and phase. Maximum EIRP Limits (5 GHz) Local laws may restrict maximum EIRP for certain frequency ranges. The chart below shows restrictions in the United States. The equations for calculating the maximum Tx power for each band are the following: One Channel: Max Tx Power (dbm) = EIRP limit (dbm) - Antenna Gain (dbi) Page 18

25 Help Content Performance Two Channels: Max Tx Power (dbm) = EIRP limit (dbm) - Antenna Gain (dbi) - 3 dbm Example 1 - B5c, 30 dbi, 2 Channels, U-NII-1: The limits in the chart above for U-NII-1 are currently 40 dbm. After entering the 30 dbi antenna gain on the B5c, Tx power will be limited to 7 dbm (40 dbm - 30 dbi - 3 dbm). Example 2 - B5c, 30 dbi, 1 Channel, U-NII-2: The limits in the chart above for U-NII-2 are currently 30 dbm. After entering the 30 dbi antenna gain on the B5c, Tx power will be limited to 0 dbm (30 dbm - 30 dbi). Related: Backhaul FAQ: Should Tx Power be set to maximum? Page 19

26 Help Content Maximum Tx Power Backhaul Maximum Tx Power Details B5/B5c 1 Channel Total Power 30 dbm Channel 1 Channel 2 30 dbm NA Chain 1 Chain 2 Chain 3 Chain 4 27 dbm 27 dbm NA NA 2 Channels Total Power 27 dbm Channel 1 Channel 2 24 dbm 24 dbm Chain 1 Chain 2 Chain 3 Chain 4 21 dbm 21 dbm 21 dbm 21 dbm FD Mode Total Power 24 dbm Channel 1 Channel 2 24 dbm NA Chain 1 Chain 2 Chain 3 Chain 4 21 dbm 21 dbm NA NA B5-Lite 1 Channel Page 20

27 Help Content Maximum Tx Power Total Power 23 dbm Channel 1 Channel 2 23 dbm NA Chain 1 Chain 2 Chain 3 Chain 4 20 dbm 20 dbm NA NA B11 1 Channel Total Power 27 dbm Channel 1 Channel 2 27 dbm NA Chain 1 Chain 2 Chain 3 Chain 4 24 dbm 24 dbm NA NA 2 Channels Total Power 27 dbm Channel 1 Channel 2 24 dbm 24 dbm Chain 1 Chain 2 Chain 3 Chain 4 21 dbm 21 dbm 21 dbm 21 dbm Page 21

28 Help Content Performance Backhaul Tx Power Optimization Should I always choose the maximum Tx Power setting for best performance? Not necessarily. The answer depends on the maximum achievable signal to noise ratio (SNR) for a given link. You may see a tooltip on the Channel & Power page to this effect like the one below. Background A theoretical amplifier would apply gain (the output to input power ratio) linearly to any input signal. For instance, a 10 db amplifier should amplify a 0 dbm signal to 10 dbm, a 10 dbm signal to 20 dbm, and so on. However, typical amplifiers are not perfectly linear for all input power. Above a certain power level, the input signal begins to distort during amplification (in the Compression Region). A distorted output signal from a transmitter is more difficult for the receiver to interpret, leading to higher EVM and lower MCS. Recommendations If the link is short (high Rx Signal Strength), or if SNR is high, select lower Tx Power to allow the transmitting amplifier to operate within it's Linear Region and avoid distortion in the Compression Region. If the link is long (low Rx Signal Strength), or if SNR is low, select higher Tx Power and accept some distortion in Page 22

29 Help Content Performance favor of higher SNR. This is because SNR at the receiver limits the MCS more than the distortion from the Tx amplifier. The table below shows the maximum recommended Tx Power settings for a given SNR to achieve the highest MCS index. Auto Everything dynamically adjusts Tx Power, or these steps should be followed in manual mode: 1. Note the lowest SNR on Dashboard > MIMO Status. 2. Find the SNR in the first column of the table below. 3. Set Tx Power to a value in the second or third column, depending on the number of channels used. B5/B5c Power Table SNR (db) Dual-Channel Tx Power (dbm) Single-Channel Tx Power (dbm) >40 63-SNR* 66-SNR* * Subtract the SNR found in step 2 above. Page 23

30 Help Content Performance SNR Required for Each MCS The table below shows the SNR required for each MCS index as well as the modulation, coding and data rate per stream based on channel width in MHz. Note that each channel uses up to two streams. Examples: 2 x 80 MHz channels operating at MCS 8 with 4 streams would yield 1560 Mbps (390 Mbps * 4 streams). 1 x 40 MHz channel operating at MCS 6 with 2 streams would yield 270 Mbps (135 Mbps * 2 streams). Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) PHY Data Rate (Mbps/stream) Index Modulation Coding Required SNR (db) 20 MHz 40 MHz 80 MHz 0 BPSK 1/ QPSK 1/ QPSK 3/ QAM 1/ QAM 3/ QAM 2/ QAM 3/ QAM 5/ QAM 3/ QAM 5/ n/a Related: Backhaul FAQ: What is the sensitivity for each MCS index? Page 24

31 Help Content Performance Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) The error vector magnitude or EVM describes how well the receiver can detect symbols (data) within a constellation of symbols on the I-Q plane for a particular modulation. It is the difference in RMS power between the point where a symbol is received and where the symbol should be. This difference is caused by noise. When analyzing EVM, the lower the number the better. EVM (db) EVM (%) Assessment Poor Poor Poor OK Good Good Excellent Excellent Page 25

32 Help Content Performance Quality of Service (QoS) Support Mimosa backhaul radios support four different L2/L3 QoS queues for traffic prioritization. Typically, an upstream router sets values for CoS (L2), or DSCP/TOS (L3) for specific traffic on the post-routing chain. After packets leave the router, they enter the radio where the traffic is queued and sent according to the packet marking. While the radio does not function as a router, it does respect packet markings assigned by the upstream router. The table below lists the four QoS queues and corresponding prioritization values for various traffic marking standards. Traffic Queue IEEE P802.1p (VLAN CoS Priority) DSCP Mimosa Weighting (% of capacity) BE BK BK BE VI VI VO VO TOS where, BK = Background (lowest priority) BE = Best Effort VI = Video VO = Voice (highest priority) Mimosa QoS Weighting Mimosa radios dynamically allocate link capacity by expanding or contracting each traffic queue based on the current mix of marked traffic. If there is no traffic in a particular queue, that capacity is divided between the other queues according to their relative weights. Unmarked traffic is processed in the Best Effort (BE) queue by default. Page 26

33 Help Content Performance Page 27

34 Help Content Performance Link Latency Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B5-Lite Link latency is the delay between the time a packet enters the local radio and exits the remote radio in one direction. In many cases, constraining latency across one link (or more) is a requirement for providing services such as VoIP that are more sensitive to packet arrival times. Average link latency is configured with the TDMA Window Size. Available options include 2, 4, and 8 ms. Operators should take into account the total number of hops when setting TDMA Window Size to ensure that total latency meets requirements. In practice, the average latency (in the presence of noise and resulting retries) in one direction is 1.25 * the TDMA Window Size: 1-Way Latency (ms) = 1.25 * TDMA Window Size (2/4/8 ms) For example, 2 hops (back-to-back links) with a 4 ms TDMA Window would result in 10 ms average latency (2 hops * 4 ms * 1.25 = 10 ms) in one direction. Latency tests are usually performed from a command line or embedded interface with the ping command, which returns the round trip time (RTT) across the link and back. The implication is that ping results will be double of the 1Way Latency. Round Trip Time (ms) = 2.5 * TDMA Window Size (2/4/8 ms) Note that RF interference, and resulting packet errors (indicated as PER on the Dashboard), can lead to retries and more round-trips to complete a ping. Asymmetric TDMA Traffic splits (75/25 or 25/75) have a negligible affect on RTT since the total time always adds up to one full cycle. Page 28

35 Help Content Performance TCP Performance radios are designed to pass many data streams, and although a Mimosa link may have a full gigabit of capacity, a single TCP stream will not saturate the link. However, multiple TCP streams can saturate the link, and better represent typical backhaul applications where multiple TCP streams occur asynchronously. This can be demonstrated by comparing single and multiple streams when testing throughput with iperf. The reasons for this difference are described below. TCP Protocol Background Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a connection-based protocol that requires an acknowledgement for each data packet sent between hosts to ensure reliable communication. A sender sends a packet to a receiver, and the receiver sends an acknowledgement back to the sender. If the sender does not receive an acknowledgement, it will retransmit the original packet. Each host participating in the TCP connection also has a default TCP Window Size (or TCP Receive Window) which defines the amount of data that each host can accept without acknowledging the sender. TCP transmits data up to the TCP Window Size and then waits for an acknowledgement, so the full capacity of the link may not be used. Factors Affecting TCP Throughput TCP connections, such as for file transfers and database queries, are affected by these controllable factors: The TCP Window Size can be adjusted manually for each host that participates in the TCP connection. Most operating systems adjust the TCP Window Size dynamically with maximum send and receive windows that can be overridden, or with heuristics and scaling algorithms than can be modified or disabled. Consult your operating system documentation for more information. Throughput test software in routers and in desktop applications may artificially limit the TCP Window, so be sure to understand what values are applied before drawing conclusions from the results they provide. Internal and external network latency may also be introduced by other devices such as switches and routers between each host and the radios. Test round trip times between devices to determine their impact on overall latency. Link latency, or round-trip time (RTT), across the Mimosa link can be reduced in the following ways: Fixed TDMA: Latency can be controlled by selecting an appropriate TDMA Window setting (2/4/8 ms). The round trip time (RTT) can be calculated as described within the Calculating Link Latency article, and measured empirically with ping results. Auto TDMA: This mode results in the lowest latency, but it is not compatible with GPS synchronized spectrum sharing. The transmit window is as long as is necessary (up to 4ms) to send whatever data is available at the time, and then control is passed back to the other side. Select "Auto" as the gender and traffic split (Wireless > Link > TDMA Configuration) on the AP to operate in this mode. Latency can also occur if the link is already saturated, and some TCP streams are queued while waiting for access to the medium. If possible, increase channel width to add capacity, or improve SNR to enable higher order modulation. The Packet Error Rate (PER) can cause variations in latency because packets received with errors must be resent from radio to radio at the MAC layer. This latency can cause TCP to reduce the maximum transmit window, so care should be taken to follow the Backhaul RF Tuning Process to minimize (and stabilize) PER before attempting throughput tests. Page 29

36 Help Content Performance Packet loss can occur on Ethernet between hosts and Mimosa radios due to cabling or port problems, the amount of which is detected and reported by most commercial routers. Packet loss can also occur on routers due to lack of QoS policies, or in the presence of rate-limits that may be applied. Calculating Maximum TCP Throughput (Single TCP Stream) This formula can be used to calculate the maximum TCP throughput for a single stream given TCP Window size and Latency: TCP Throughput (bps) = TCP Window Size (bits) / Latency (seconds) Example (64 KB TCP Window Size, 10 ms Latency) 1. Take the TCP Window Size in KB and convert to bits in Base 2 (binary): 64 KB * 1024 bytes/kb * 8 bits/byte = bits 2. Take the latency in milliseconds and convert to seconds: 10 ms / 1000 ms/sec = sec 3. Substitute the results from above into the original equation: Throughput (bps) = bits / seconds = bps or 52.4 Mbps Calculating Optimal TCP Window Size This formula can be used to calculate the optimal TCP Window size if the MAC Throughput and the latency are known: TCP Window (KB) = [ MAC Throughput (Mbps) * RTT (ms) ] / 8192 bits/kb Example (500 Mbps MAC Throughput, 10 ms latency) (500 Mbps * 10 ms) / 8192 bits/kb = ~610 KB Calculating Maximum Latency for a Desired Throughput This formula can be used to calculate the maximum tolerable latency to achieve a desired throughput: TCP Window Size (bits) / TCP Throughput (bps) = Latency (seconds) Example (500 Mbps Throughput, 625 KB TCP Window Size) (625 KB * 8192 bits/kb) / (500 Mbps * bits/mbit) = seconds or 10.2 ms. Page 30

37 Help Content Performance Backhaul Maximum Operating Distance The maximum operating distance (or range) you can expect to achieve largely depends on your design requirements for throughput and reliability. Throughput on longer links is constrained primarily by the physics of free space path loss (FSPL). The maximum distance and throughput that Mimosa's Backhaul products can achieve depend on a variety of additional factors, so we suggest modeling your link using our free Design application here for a specific answer: cloud.mimosa.co Page 31

38 Help Content Performance Backhaul Spectrum Analyzer Mimosa backhaul radios continuously scan the entire operating spectrum in a background task without disturbing the link. In addition, Mimosa Cloud Services can record historical spectrum analysis for all of your Mimosa devices. The spectrum data can be visually played back to identify trends and gain insight into how the RF environment impacts your customers. Mimosa provides storage of up to 24 hours of spectrum data for all your Mimosa devices as a free service. Communication between your devices and Mimosa Cloud Services is optional, but you will not be able to gain access to cloud features such as spectrum playback without Mimosa Cloud Services. Page 32

39 Help Content Performance Auto Everything Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B5-Lite Auto Everything (AE) is a feature that makes automatic adjustments to link settings (channels, channel width, transmit power, and single or dual channel modes) in response to changes in the RF spectrum with the goal of achieving balance between link reliability and capacity. The algorithm calculates prospective quality of available channels, and then ranks each based on the expected achievable link rate at the physical layer (PHY). Auto Everything comprises the following four sub-processes: INITIAL SETUP - Upon powering the radios, the Access Point (AP) is automatically set to a 1x20 MHz channel and then attempts to associate with the Station. Upon association, a quick channel analysis is initiated to find the clearest channels within the available spectrum. The radios are then set to use the best channel(s). HEALTH CHECK - Monitors channel quality in the background frequently (HEALTH CHECK) and changes channels if the link consistently has a high Packet Error Rate (PER). If the HEALTH CHECK fails, the radio will change to the next best available channels from the list generated during full analysis. CONSTANT OPTIMIZATION - Changes to better channels (higher PHY rate), when available, even if the current channels have sufficiently low PER. Optimization often also involves increasing channel width, and/or changing from single channel to dual channel mode. POWER SELECTION - Calculates and sets optimal transmit power while complying with regulatory restrictions. Frequency of Channel Changes Interference: If the link experiences high PER consistently for approximately 2 minutes, the Access Point will select the best alternative channel(s). If link health is still poor after the first change, Auto Everything will continue to select the next best channel from its spectrum options. It will continue to do this 6 times, for a total of 12 minutes. If after 12 minutes, it still cannot find a channel with sufficiently low PER, it will revert to INITIAL SETUP mode and attempt to associated on a clean 1x20 channel. Clearer Channel Identification: Auto Everything strives to keep the radio on the clearest channel or channels. Auto Everything performs background scans and monitors those channels which have considerably better conditions than the existing channels in preparation for their need. When channel change is induced due to finding a clearer channel (and not due to interference), the channel change occurs after ten background analysis cycles because the change is a non-critical improvement to link health. Channel Analysis Auto Everything calculates expected throughput for each channel using spectrum data from both sides of the link. The AP periodically pulls analysis data from the STATION and selects channels that are clear for both radios. If Auto Everything is unable to find a mutually clean channel for both sides of a link, it will choose a 1x FD mode. Channel analysis runs as a background process which constantly updates the list of good channels based on changes in spectrum. Adjustment to B5c EIRP Auto Everything will recalculate the maximum allowed transmit power based upon the antenna gain (B5c only). Any change to antenna gain (Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings > Antenna Gain) will cause AE to recalculate the new max allowed transmit power during channel analysis. Page 33

40 Help Content Performance Turning Off Auto Everything Auto Everything can be turned off by selecting "Off (Manual)" in the drop-down box. If turned off, Auto Everything will stop monitoring channel health and will no longer change channels. However, the AE process will continue performing channel analysis in the background and maintaining a list of best channels for when AE is reenabled. Recommendations from this channel analysis are available on the Channel & Power page for manual selection. Auto Everything and Excluded Channels Auto Everything can be prevented from using specific frequency range(s) by adding them to the exclusion list on the AP (Wireless > Channel & Power > Exclusions & Restrictions), and then saving. The station will inherit the same exclusions from the AP during association. This will restart the current background channel analysis process and exclude both the newly added channels and any channels on the existing exclusion list. Auto Everything will also change the current channels if the new exclusion channels make them invalid. Similarly, removing channels from the exclusion list will restart the background channel analysis to make use of newly available channels. Page 34

41 Help Content Performance Dual Link Product Applicability: B5, B5c, B11 Upon sensing interference on one channel that would cause the entire link to reduce modulation, the Dual Link feature dynamically routes traffic to the channel with the lower packet error rate (PER) to improve noise immunity and prevent packet loss. This is accomplished by turning off the receive chains on the channel that is suffering the most (in two channel mode). This allows the radio to receive at the highest MCS rate on the channel with lower interference, and the radio continues to transmit on both channels. Page 35

42 Help Content Collocation Integrated GPS and GLONASS Receiver Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 The B5, B5c and B11 include an integrated receiver that receives signals from both GPS and GLONASS satellites. This effectively doubles the number of available satellites to obtain a lock over a pure GPS receiver. The receiver is able to provide accurate latitude and longitude information that you may use in conjunction with Mimosa Cloud Services to show the position of your devices overlaid on a map for planning and management purposes. The GPS/GLONASS receiver is also required for timing synchronization to allow TDMA timing slots to operate correctly between devices. GPS timing alone is not sufficient to achieve this, as over time the accuracy is compromised and synchronization between devices will drift. To ensure reliable time synchronization, the product includes a GPS-Disciplined Oscillator (GPS-DO) with 3 ppb (parts per billion), or 40 ns accuracy. This allows devices to stay synchronized from a timing perspective without requiring any form of communication with nearby radios or to the cloud. This also means that even if there are multiple users of Mimosa radios in a single site, that these can also be synchronized for TDMA operation. Note that the B5-Lite does not include a GPS receiver. Collocation with Other Radios Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 What are the guidelines for collocation with other Mimosa radios? Up to four (4) Mimosa B5, B5c or B11 radios are designed work together on the same tower, even on the same channel(s), because they are synchronized via GPS. We recommend angular separation and equal Rx power per site for maximum performance. Can I collocate at a site where Mimosa radios are on separate towers? Yes, all Mimosa radios at the same site (even on separate towers) can be collocated and share frequencies so long as they are configured with the same TDMA settings. What are the guidelines for collocation with non-mimosa radios? Other non-mimosa radios on the same tower may not use GPS synchronization in the same way, or at all, so some general rules of thumb apply. Ensure three meters (or ten feet) of physical separation, greater than 30 angular separation, and MHz of frequency separation depending on the PSD mask of the neighboring radio. The B5's built-in Spectrum Analyzer can be used to select channels with the lowest amount of noise. Can Mimosa synchronize with non-mimosa radios? No, Mimosa radios do not synchronize with any non-mimosa radios. Page 36

43 Help Content Collocation Collocating with another operator Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 As more Mimosa radios are deployed, they will commonly show up in Site Survey results. The TDMA and Collocation Synchronization White Paper describes how to design your own collocated network with devices that you control, but it is also possible to collocate with other radios that you do not control by choosing compatible TDMA settings. Use Site Surveys Use the Site Survey feature (Wireless > Site Survey) to list Access Points and their TDMA settings. Once you know the TDMA settings of other local Mimosa radios, you can choose to coordinate by selecting the same Gender, Traffic Split and TDMA Windows without having to communicate with the other party. In the example below, the radios that have higher signal strength (-51 and -40) are probably local, and are likely to cause interference unless you are willing to adjust your TDMA settings to match, or select an entirely different channel. The radio that has lower signal strength (-79) is probably a remote AP and can be ignored. Choose Compatible TDMA Settings Navigate to TDMA Settings (Wireless > Link) on your radio and select the same settings as the other local radios on the same tower. In the example below, the Gender, Traffic Split and TDMA window were selected for compatibility with the TDMA settings of the radios in the Site Survey results above. Related: TDMA and Collocation Synchronization White Paper - Collocation planning and examples Page 37

44 Help Content Collocation Backhaul Relay Connection Two Backhaul radios can be connected back-to-back without a switch or router. This is accomplished by inserting the same Ethernet cable into the LAN ports of both PoE injectors. The example below shows relay connections: Radio 1 - PoE 1 - Ethernet Cable - PoE 2 - Radio 2. There is a small amount of memory within each of the radio's transmit buffer queue. If both radios are receiving at the same time, they forward packets out to Ethernet, which will go in the other radio's transmit queue. When it comes time to transmit, data frames are taken from the Ethernet transmit queue, the appropriate wireless aggregation is applied, and then the packets are sent over-the-air. Page 38

45 Help Content Compatibility Product Family Compatibility B5 and B5c The B5 and B5c are compatible and can be used in a link together. They are built on an identical hardware and software platform, with the only differences being the physical enclosure, the use of external connectors and the addition of antenna gain selection in firmware for B5c. The selection between a B5 and B5c depends on the application. The B5c allows you to leverage an existing dish installation and may be better for use on longer links. When distance is less of a concern, B5 is recommended due to smaller footprint and low weight making it simple to install. Mimosa's free Design application can be used to model the different performance parameters of each product to aid in selection. B5-Lite The B5-Lite is not compatible with the B5 or B5c because the B5-Lite does not contain GPS for timing, and has 45 degree dual-slant polarization. B11 The B11 is compatible with other Mimosa B11 radios only. Not compatible with other brands Mimosa radios employ a proprietary protocol and must be used in pairs. They do not operate in a mode that allows communication with non-mimosa radios. Backhaul and Point-to-Multipoint (PTMP) The B5/B5c, B5-Lite, and B11 are designed to operate exclusively in point-to-point (PTP) links between two devices. They do not support point-to-multipoint (PTMP) operation. Page 39

46 Help Content Antennas & Coaxial Cables B5c Antenna Compatibility The B5c has a frequency range of MHz. Any high-quality antenna optimized for these frequencies will work. The Mimosa B5c was designed to achieve the published performance with cross-polar isolation of 20 db, primarily because the MIMO processor can discern between signals well at this level. Increasing the cross-polar isolation will not improve capacity or throughput. Tip: Some antennas that are rated for 5 GHz may not cover the entire band. It is common to see antennas that are specified to work from 5.45 to 5.85 GHz. They may not operate well, or at all, outside of their specified range of operation. Recommended RF Cable for B5c As a best practice, ensure that cable specifications are available during the design process, and that the total insertion loss from cable and connectors is included in the link budget. Mimosa recommends the following specifications for coaxial cables to connect an antenna to the B5c: Double-shielded, 5 GHz-rated, 50-Ohm, Low Loss Outdoor-rated (UV-stabilized) Inner Conductor: solid 2.74 mm (0.108 inch) Dielectric: Foam Length: less than 2 m / 6.6 feet Connectors: Type N Male for connection to B5c Type N Male or RP-SMA Male depending on antenna connector Please follow the cable manufacturer's recommended bend radius guideline to prevent damage that could lead to additional loss. 4x4 MIMO with Two Antenna Connectors The B5/B5c has only two antenna connectors, one for each polarization: horizontal and vertical. The four MIMO streams are divided both by frequency and polarization. Streams with the same polarization enter an RF combiner circuit before heading to one of the antenna connectors. The radio at the far end of the link can discern between frequencies with the same polarization. Double-slant (45-degree) Antenna Offset Some users ask if rotating the B5c antenna reduces interference by 3 db. In the presence of rain, vertically polarized waves attenuate less than horizontal polarized waves. Rotating the vertical polarization to be more horizontal would normalize the performance between the two polarizations during rain events, but it would also result in lower overall performance because of the additional rain fade. Mimosa has implemented a software Transmit Power Control (TPC) algorithm that attempts to equalize Rx signal Page 40

47 Help Content Antennas & Coaxial Cables strength across the 4 chains if they are unequal. For these reasons, Mimosa normally recommends maintaining standard antenna orientation (horizontal polarization parallel with ground, vertical polarization perpendicular to ground) when using the B5/B5c. This especially applies to longer backhaul links in areas that experience heavy precipitation. The B5-Lite uses a 45-degree slant and is meant for shorter range applications. Page 41

48 Help Content Antennas & Coaxial Cables B11 Antenna Compatibility The B11 has a frequency range of MHz. Compatible antennas are listed on the B11 accessories page. 4x4 MIMO with Two Antenna Connectors The B11 has transmits and receives on two polarizations: horizontal and vertical. The four MIMO streams are divided both by frequency and polarization. Streams with the same polarization enter an RF combiner circuit before heading to the antenna feed. The radio at the far end of the link can discern between frequencies with the same polarization. Page 42

49 Help Content Compatibility Traffic Handling Layer 2 Bridge products are designed to operate as a Layer 2 transparent bridge (a virtual wire) for maximum performance. The radios simply pass all traffic, regardless of type. However, they do support traffic prioritization with four (4) quality of service (QoS) queues. Multicast radios function as a transparent Layer 2 bridge and forward all multicast traffic (i.e all OSPF routers, all DRs, etc.). They do not perform IGMP snooping to first determine if receiver(s) are on the far end of the network. Jumbo Frames The default MTU size is 1500 bytes, but there is no MTU adjustment on the UI. Mimosa backhaul radios support "baby jumbo" frames up to 3200 bytes without fragmentation in certain modes and modulation levels. IPsec Tunnels radios function as a transparent Layer 2 bridge and forward all traffic including IPsec. The radio does not participate in IPsec connections and does not act as a VPN termination point. The radio can be configured to use HTTPS and a VLAN ID for more secure management, however. Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) (IEEE 802.3ad) Yes, the passes LACP packets. Related: Quality of Service (QOS) - Traffic prioritization queues VLAN - Management VLAN Page 43

50 Help Content Compatibility VLAN Support Management VLAN radios support the use of a VLAN ID for management. Different Management VLANs within Link If two radios in a link are configured with different VLAN IDs, they are not able to exchange management data including timing, spectrum, and location. This can affect both the Dashboard display and performance. The same VLAN ID must be used on both radios if a VLAN is desired. QinQ (IEEE 802.1ad) The does not natively support QinQ for management, but they do forward 802.1ad traffic (multiple VLAN tags within a single frame). VLAN Passthrough products are designed to operate as a Layer 2 transparent bridge (a virtual wire) for maximum performance. The radios simply pass all traffic, regardless of type, including other VLAN IDs. Page 44

51 Help Content Compatibility Can the radio be Painted? Painting the device is not recommended. Mimosa has not tested or certified the performance of the radio or the integrity of the exterior with paint applied. Painting will void the warranty and make it unlikely that your distributor/reseller will accept an RMA in the event of a problem. Page 45

52 Help Content Specifications Backhaul Supported Frequencies Product Frequencies* B MHz B5c MHz B5-Lite MHz B MHz * Your regulatory domain may limit allowable frequency ranges. U-NII-2 and DFS Support Product Applicability: B5, B5c. B5-Lite Mimosa 5 GHz radios support U-NII-2 operation and comply with DFS requirements. When a DFS channel is selected, there is a mandatory 60-second waiting period where the device listens for radar before association on that particular channel. In the EU, there is a mandatory 10-minute waiting period for the TDWR band. If a qualifying radar signature is detected, the radio will comply with DFS requirements by vacating the channel for 30 minutes. For this reason, Mimosa recommends the use of Dual-Channel mode with the secondary channel on a non-dfs channel (U-NII-1 or U-NII-3) so that traffic will be routed over the second channel and no link down time is incurred. Instead of specifying alternate frequency selections in the case of a DFS hit, Mimosa implemented frequency "Exclusions" that are set on the Channel & Power page. Exclusions are used to mark frequencies that should be avoided, leaving the remainder of the spectrum available for automatic selection based on favorable RF conditions. Related: Antenna Compatibility - B5c antenna compatibility and coaxial cable recommendations Managing Exclusions and Restrictions - Setting Exclusions and Viewing Restrictions for a Regulatory Domain 4.9 GHz Operation - Support for the Public Safety Band Page 46

53 Help Content Specifications Supported Channel Widths radios support the following channel widths: Channel Width (MHz)* Total Channel Width (MHz) B5/B5c B5-Lite B11 1x20 20 Yes Yes No 1x40 40 Yes Yes No 1x80 80 Yes Yes No 2x20 40 Yes No Yes 2x40 80 Yes No Yes 2x Yes No Yes 1x20 FD 40 Yes No Yes 1x40 FD 80 Yes No Yes 1x80 FD 160 Yes No Yes * Your regulatory domain may limit allowable channel widths. In the dual channel modes, channels may be contiguous or non-contiguous. There is no self-interference with contiguous channels. Each channel's center frequency can be set independently. There are some restrictions, however: 1. The channels must not overlap, but they can be contiguous without self-interference. 2. Both channels must use the same channel width. 3. Neither channel can overlap excluded bands (government restricted or manually excluded). To provide an example of the flexibility this approach, if planning a link requiring 40 MHz of channel width, this could be either configured as a single 40 MHz channel, or 2 x 20 MHz channels. The 2 x 20 MHz channels would be a good option if a clean contiguous 40 MHz of spectrum is unavailable and some resiliency to RF interference is desired, particularly in regions where DFS is a requirement. Frequency Diversity (FD) modes allow different Tx channels on each side of a link. This is useful when there isn't a channel that is mutually suitable for both sides. Related: Using TDMA-FD Mode - Application note describing how to apply FD mode in challenging spectrum. Page 47

54 Help Content Specifications Frequency Tolerance Product Applicability: B11 FCC Title 47 (CFR ) states that the Frequency Tolerance limit is 0.005% for the GHz band. The Mimosa B11 Backhaul frequency tolerance is 5e-9 (or %), which is 10,000 times lower than the specified limit. This was accomplished through use of a high precision oven-controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO), which is further disciplined to GPS with up to 1.56 ppb (1.6e-9) clock accuracy. Page 48

55 Help Content Specifications Backhaul Receiver Sensitivity Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B5-Lite, B11 The table below shows sensitivity in dbm for each MCS index. Channel Width MCS Index 20 MHz 40 MHz 80 MHz Page 49

56 Help Content Specifications 4.9 GHz Public Safety Band (U.S.) Product Applicability: B5c, B5-Lite Regulations for 4.9 GHz Documents describing rules for using the MHz (4.9 GHz) band can be found within the following link. U.S.: 47 C.F.R. Part 90, Sections through FCC Emissions Designator The FCC emissions designator for Mimosa 4.9 GHz operation is 19M9D1D. Channel Selection The 4.9 GHz band provides 50 MHz of spectrum in which to operate, with up to 20 MHz per channel. Note: The Channel & Power page will not show the 4.9 GHz band as available unless a 20 MHz channel option is selected. With all other channel options, the 4.9 GHz band will show a restriction (red bar below the band). Product Compatibility Licensed operation in the 4.9 GHz band is possible with the either the B5c or the B5-Lite. The B5c must be paired with an antenna that supports 4.9 GHz operation. The B5-Lite integrated antenna supports this frequency range. The B5 integrated antenna was designed for operation within MHz, so is not suitable for this application. Licensed Operation Provided that you have a license to operate in the public safety band, you must choose "US Licensed" as the country during the unlock process. Related: Unlock Process - Apply a unique unlock code to your backhaul radio Changing the Unlock Code - How to apply a different unlock code for licensed operation Backhaul Supported Frequencies - Frequency ranges supported by each product Backhaul Supported Channel Widths - Channel(s) and channel width(s) supported by each product Page 50

57 Help Content Specifications Power over Ethernet Specifications Radio Voltage Input Specifications Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B5-Lite, B11 Mimosa backhaul radios comply with the 802.3at PoE+ standard. While the radio s nominal operating voltage is 48 volts, it accepts an input voltage range of 44 to 57 volts on a wide variety of pin combinations. An input voltage of 48 Vdc is also acceptable. The included PoE injector was designed to compensate for voltage drops even over the longest cable runs allowed by the CAT6 standard, less protection circuit losses which net to 100 m (328 feet). PoE Injector Output Specifications Mimosa backhaul radios will work with most 802.3at-compliant, 48V PoE adapters. Mimosa recommends the use of the Mimosa provided PoE adapter in order to ensure maximum throughput1, protection in the event of lightning strike, and to maintain product warranty. Input Surge Protection Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 The Mimosa POE is designed to protect connected equipment against voltage and current surges in two ways: Transformer isolation between the two Ethernet ports; and Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs) on the DATA+POE port. In case of lightning, GDTs become a virtual short, diverting surge current and voltage to ground and away from connected equipment. Other PoE s may not have these protections which could lead to equipment damage during a lightning event. We do not recommend any additional surge protection devices placed between the Mimosa POE and radio because the increased capacitance may cause port flapping between 100BaseT and 1000BaseT. Input Voltage Range Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B5-Lite, B11 The Mimosa PoE provides power over all four pairs of wires so there is less voltage drop over a long cable run. Voltage is provided from the Mimosa PoE at 56 Vdc instead of the nominal 48 Vdc for the same reason, although radios accept a wider input voltage range (44-57 Vdc). An input voltage of -48 Vdc is also acceptable (see below). Reverse Polarity Protection Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B5-Lite, B11 All Mimosa radios include a diode bridge circuit which corrects for reverse polarity on the power inputs, and improves compatibility with 3rd-party 802.3at-compliant PoE injectors and switches that meet the power specifications2. Table 1 below shows valid combinations of +VE and -VE to the B5/B5c on either 2 or 4 wire pairs. All of the Page 51

58 Help Content Specifications combinations below will work so long as the Ethernet signal pairs are connected per the wiring standard. Ethernet Wiring and Signals 4-Pair PoE Options 2-Pair PoE Options Ethernet Pin T568A Pair T568B Pair 1000BASE-T Signal ID DA NA NA - NA NA - NA NA DA NA NA - NA NA - NA NA DB NA NA NA - NA NA - NA DC NA - NA NA - NA NA NA DC NA - NA NA - NA NA NA DB NA NA NA - NA NA - NA DD NA NA - NA NA - NA NA DD NA NA - NA NA - NA NA Table 1 Radio Input Voltage Polarization Compatibility Notes: 1. Performance will be limited if a 10/100BASE-T PoE is used. Mimosa backhaul radios are designed for speeds that exceed the capability of these standards. 2. Some 3rd-party PoE injectors may not have a sufficient power budget to deliver full power to all of their ports depending on how many other PoE-powered devices are installed and how much power each device draws. Related: Product Specifications: B5, B5c, B5-Lite, B11 Page 52

59 Help Content Specifications Enclosure Ratings The IP is short for International Protection Marking described in IEC standard This standard classifies and rates the degree of protection provided against the intrusion of solid objects and liquids into electrical enclosures. The two numbers that follow are used to specify the degree of protection. The higher the number, the better the protection. The first number refers to protection against solid objects. The second number refers to protection against against liquids. IP67 (B5/B5c, B11) The 6 rating means that the enclosure is totally protected against dust. The 7 rating means that the enclosure is protected against the effect of immersion between 15 cm and 1m, although Mimosa does not recommend submerging any of its products. IP55 (B5-Lite) The 5 rating means that the enclosure allows some dust to enter, but not in sufficient quantity to interfere with satisfactory operation of the equipment. The 5 rating means that the enclosure is protected against the effect of water projected by a nozzle (6.3 mm) against the enclosure from any direction. Protective Vent Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 The protective vent on the bottom of the B5/B5c is designed to reduce stress on the enclosure seals by constantly equalizing the difference in pressure between the inside of the enclosure and the immediate environment. The vent works by allowing air and other gases to pass through its microporous eptfe membrane freely but stops liquids, dirt and other contaminants from entering the enclosure. Mounting Hardware Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B5-Lite, B11 Mounting hardware is provided standard for both the B5/B5c, B5-Lite and B11. The B5 Bracket Assembly and Pole Mount included with the B5 are made from galvanized steel. Each are coated first with zinc for corrosion protection, and then a white powder coat is applied. The bolts used to attach the Pole Mount may cause surface scratches to the white powder coat, but will not impact the corrosion resistance given the two layers of protective coatings. Mimosa does not recommend the use of additional washers. Screws holding on the back cover are stainless steel. The B5c hardware is made from stainless steel, including the hose clamps, ground screw, and cover screws. The B5-Lite hardware is made from stainless steel, including the hose clamp and ground screw. The B11 hardware is made from stainless steel. Page 53

60 Help Content Specifications Gasket Materials Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 The orange gasket on the B5c is made from non-latex silicone rubber with Shore A 40 durometer. It was specifically selected to seal the case without causing deformation between the polymeric and metal portions of the enclosure. Silicone rubber has excellent weatherability properties and better resists fungus, chemicals, ozone, and UV than natural rubber compounds. The black gaskets inside the IP67 gland are made of EPDM (also a synthetic rubber). EPDM also has excellent weatherability characteristics, and is commonly used in weather seals and roofing membranes. Page 54

61 Help Content Installation Guide Backhaul Installation Overview B5 1. Follow the Radio Unlock process. 2. Follow the B5 Mounting and Grounding process. 3. Follow the IP67 Cable Gland Installation process. 4. Follow the POE Connection process. 5. Follow the Backhaul Setup process. 6. Follow the Backhaul RF Tuning process. B5c 1. Follow the Radio Unlock process. 2. Follow the B5c Mounting and Grounding process. 3. Follow the IP67 Cable Gland Installation process. 4. Follow the POE Connection process. 5. Follow the B5c Antenna Connection process. 6. Follow the Backhaul Setup process. 7. Follow the Backhaul RF Tuning process. B5-Lite 1. Follow the Radio Unlock process. 2. Follow the B5-Lite Mounting and Grounding process. 3. Follow the POE Connection process. 4. Follow the Backhaul Setup process. 5. Follow the Backhaul RF Tuning process. B11 1. Follow the Radio Unlock process. 2. Follow the B11 Mounting and Grounding process. 3. Follow the IP67 Cable Gland Installation process. 4. Follow the POE Connection process. 5. Follow the Backhaul Setup process. 6. Follow the Backhaul RF Tuning process. Page 55

62 Help Content Unlock Radio Unlock Process Important: An unlock key must be obtained online prior to operation or unlock of the Mimosa backhaul radio. Do not attempt installation in remote locations with limited Internet access without completing the following instructions to obtain an unlock key. The radio unlock process provides genuine product assurance and provides the ability to track and monitor your radio easily over the web. Follow these steps to unlock a radio: 1. Create a Mimosa Cloud account (or log in if already registered) 2. Scan the QR-code on the box, or visit mimosa.co/start from any device (PC or mobile device). 3. Enter the device serial number at mimosa.co/start to obtain an unlock code.* 4. Log into the radio using the default IP address. 5. Type the unlock code (without dashes) on the radio, and then click the Unlock button. 6. Repeat steps 2-5 for each radio. Note that Unlock codes are unique for each serial number. * Accounts operating B5-Lite radios must also follow the SMS Country Verification process. This is a onetime requirement per account (not per device). B5/B5c Unlock Example Page 56

63 Help Content Unlock Note: The unlock code is unique and reusable for one radio. If a radio is reset to factory defaults, the same code can be entered again on the same radio to unlock it without having to visit mimosa.co/start. Related: SMS Country Verification - Required for accounts operating the B5-Lite Change Unlock Country - Replacing an existing unlock code for another regulatory domain Page 57

64 Help Content Unlock SMS Country Verification Product Applicability: B5-Lite For accounts that will be operating B5-Lite radios, a verification code must be requested from an SMS-enabled phone. This is a one-time requirement per account (not per device). Step 1 - Click the link "Click here to Verify". Step 2 - Enter your mobile telephone number, and click "Send SMS". Page 58

65 Help Content Unlock Step 3 - Enter the code that you receive on your phone. Step 4 - Continue with the Unlock process. Related: Unlock Process - Apply a unique unlock code to your product. Page 59

66 Help Content Mounting & Grounding Mounting and Grounding the B5 This process ensures that the radio is securely attached to a mast/pole up to 90 mm (3.5 inches) in diameter, and grounded to protect against electrical discharge. Follow these steps to mount and ground the B5 Radio. 1. Using a #4 Allen wrench (eight inches or longer recommended), attach the Bracket Assembly to the back of the B5 with four provided screws. 2. Remove the two nuts from the same side of the Pole Mount. Feed the bolts through the Bracket Assembly with one bolt through the fixed hole, and the other bolt through the slotted arc. Thread the two nuts onto the bolts on the outside of the Bracket Assembly, and then tighten loosely (some adjustment is required in a later step). Page 60

67 Help Content Mounting & Grounding 3. Slide the Pole Mount over the top of the pole as shown in the diagram, rotate the mount around the pole as needed, and then tighten the bolts on the opposite side of the mount to secure. If the top of the pole is obstructed or inaccessible, disassemble the other side of the Pole Mount and then reassemble it around the pole. 4. Aim the radio using physical Elevation and Azimuth movements, then check and tighten each of the bolts until secure. 5. Attach a 6 mm2 (10 AWG) ground wire with a maximum length of 1 m (3.3 feet) between the Bracket Assembly of the B5 and a suitable grounding location on the tower or structure. The provided grounding screw is M5 x 6mm. Page 61

68 Help Content Mounting & Grounding Related: B5 Specifications - See specification sheet section entitled, "Physical" for additional mounting hardware details. Hardware & Materials - Details about what materials are used in each provided part. Page 62

69 Help Content Mounting & Grounding Mounting and Grounding the B5c This process ensures that the radio is securely attached to the tower and is grounded to protect against electrical discharge. 1. Insert the open end of each provided Hose Clamp through the slots on the back of the B5c, around the pole and then back into the worm gear (screw portion) of the Hose Clamp. Use a medium sized flat screwdriver to tighten the Hose Clamp to the pole. 2. Attach a 6 mm2 (10 AWG) ground wire with a maximum length of 1 m (3.3 feet) to the grounding hole on the back of the B5c and a suitable grounding location on the tower or structure. The provided grounding screw is M5 x 6mm. Page 63

70 Help Content Mounting & Grounding 3. Connect the appropriate cable to the Antenna's connector. Page 64

71 Help Content Mounting & Grounding Mounting and Grounding the B5-Lite This process ensures that the radio is securely attached to a building or tower and is grounded to protect against electrical discharge. Follow these steps to mount and ground the B5-Lite Radio. 1. Attach the Bracket Assembly to a solid surface with four provided bolts. The holes at each end of the Bracket Assembly are spaced at 90 mm (3.54 inches) on center. Optionally, the bottom portion of the J-mount tube can be separated from the Bracket Assembly and affixed securely to a commercially available crossover plate with u-bolts, or a traffic camera clamp kit. The J-mount tube is 38.1 mm (1.5 inches) in diameter. Page 65

72 Help Content Mounting & Grounding 2. Mount the B5-Lite on the J-Mount using the pipe clamp. 3. Attach a 6 mm2 (10 AWG) ground wire between the B5-Lite and a suitable grounding location. The provided grounding screw is M5 x 6mm. Page 66

73 Help Content Mounting & Grounding 4. Prepare the Ethernet Cabling (not included) and provided protective boot. Push shielded CAT6 cable through hole in the bottom of the boot, applying the provided dielectric silicone around base of boot around cable entry. Crimp a metal RJ45 connector to the CAT6 cable and ensure that the cable shield makes contact with the metal shroud on the RJ45 connector. Apply dielectric silicone around top lip of boot. Pull CAT6 cable back through boot leaving enough to connect to device. Apply a small amount of dielectric silicone to pins. Insert the cable into the RJ45 receptacle and attach the boot to the radio body. Page 67

74 Help Content Mounting & Grounding 5. Aim the radio using physical Elevation and Azimuth adjustments on the J-Mount, then check and tighten each of the 10 mm hex nuts until secure. Page 68

75 Help Content Mounting & Grounding Mounting and Grounding the B11 The B11 was designed to mate with an antenna using a slip-fit interface. Apply a small amount of o-ring lube to the dish to ease installation. Align the radio to the antenna as shown in the photo below and gently apply pressure until the radio seats on the antenna (you may hear an audible thud when this happens), and then tighten the four bolts with a 5 mm hex key (Allen) wrench to secure the radio according to the antenna manufacturer's specifications. Attach a 6 mm2 (10 AWG) ground wire with a maximum length of 1 m (3.3 feet) between the B11 grounding location on either side of the radio and a suitable grounding location on the tower or structure. The ground screw type and length is M5 x 6mm. The larger 14 mm diameter hole under the grounding location was meant for hoisting the radio using a carabineer before mating the radio to the dish. Do NOT hoist the radio and dish together from this hole. Related: B11 Specifications - See specification sheet section entitled, "Physical" for additional mounting hardware details. Hardware & Materials - Details about what materials are used in each provided part. Page 69

76 Help Content Power & Data Connections PoE Connections This process ensures the proper PoE connection to a power source, the radio and the LAN. 1. Connect the provided power cable between the power over Ethernet (PoE) adapter and a power source. A surge protector can be installed between the PoE and the power source, but it is not required. 2. Connect a shielded CAT6 Ethernet cable between the Ethernet port labeled "POE" on the GigE PoE adapter and the radio. 3. Connect a shielded CAT6 Ethernet cable between the Ethernet port labeled "LAN" on the GigE PoE adapter and the LAN side of your network, which is typically a switch or router. Page 70

77 Help Content Power & Data Connections Related: LED Status Indicators - External LED behavior based on device status. Page 71

78 Help Content Power & Data Connections Ethernet Port & IP67 Gland Installation Product Applicability: B5, B5c, B11 This process ensures that the Ethernet cable is properly secured to the radio and protected from dust and moisture. Note 1: To remove the IP67 Cable gland, follow these instructions in reverse. Failure to remove the rubber grommet (Step 5) before disconnecting the body of the IP67 Gland from the radio's locking connector (Step 4), will result in torsional strain to the Ethernet connector. Note 2: Due to the advantages of Mimosa s IP67 rated cable sealing gland, the application of dielectric grease to the Ethernet connector or cable gland is neither suggested nor recommended. Process 1. Separate the IP67 Cable gland into its three parts by unscrewing the body from the cap (with rubber grommet). Remove the rubber grommet and set it aside. 2. Pass the cap, then body over the end of a shielded CAT6 Ethernet cable. Page 72

79 Help Content Power & Data Connections 3. Insert the CAT6 Ethernet cable into the radio's Ethernet port. 4. Connect the body of the IP67 Gland to the radio's locking connector by twisting it in a clockwise direction until it clicks into place. Do NOT overtighten. Page 73

80 Help Content Power & Data Connections 5. Place the rubber grommet around the Ethernet cable and squeeze into the body of the IP67 Gland until snug and flush with the Gland bottom. 6. Screw the cap onto the base of the IP67 Gland body, covering the grommet, until it comes to an effective stop. Page 74

81 Help Content Power & Data Connections B5c IP67 Cable Gland Installation The IP67 Cable Gland provided with the B5c, and its installation, are the same for the B5c. The image below is provided for clarity. Page 75

82 Help Content Power & Data Connections B11 IP67 Cable Gland Installation Page 76

83 Help Content Power & Data Connections Fiber Port & IP67 Gland Installation Product Applicability: B11 This process ensures that the SFP is properly secured to the radio and protected from dust and moisture. Note: To remove the IP67 gland, follow these instructions in reverse. Failure to remove the rubber grommet (Step 6) before disconnecting the body of the IP67 gland from the radio's locking connector (Step 5), will result in torsional strain to the Ethernet connector. Mimosa has qualified the following SFP media adapters for use with the Fiber port: Avago AFBR-5710APZ, 850 nm multi-mode IEEE Gigabit Ethernet (1.25GBd) BaseSX Avago AFBR-5715ALZ, 850 nm multi-mode IEEE Gigabit Ethernet (1.25GBd) BaseSX Finisar FTLF8519P3BTL 850 nm multi-mode Gigabit Ethernet (1.25GBd) BaseSX Finisar FTLF1318P3BTL 1310 nm single mode Gigabit Ethernet (1.25GBd) BaseSX Process 1. Separate the IP67 gland into its three parts by unscrewing the body from the cap (with rubber grommet). Remove the rubber grommet and set it aside. 2. Insert the SFP module's electrical interface into the receptacle with light finger pressure. 3. Pass the cap, then body over the end of the fiber. 4. Insert the fiber into the SFP fiber port. 5. Connect the body of the IP67 gland to the radio's locking connector by twisting it in a clockwise direction until it clicks into place. Do NOT overtighten. 6. Place the rubber grommet around the fiber and squeeze into the body of the IP67 gland until snug and flush with the gland bottom. 7. Screw the cap onto the based of the IP67 gland body, covering the grommet, until it comes to an effective stop. 8. Press a protective hose (not supplied) over the barbed end of the IP67 gland. 9. Activate the Fiber port to carry data: Preferences > Management > Network Interfaces. Page 77

84 Help Content Power & Data Connections Page 78

85 Help Content Antenna Connections B5c Antenna Connections This process ensures that RF cables are installed securely to the radio and antenna. 1. Connect two coaxial cables with Type-N connectors between the B5c and the antenna. Each cable represents a horizontal or vertical polarity. 2. Once secured mechanically, wrap the connectors with the provided Mastic tape in the clockwise direction to protect against moisture ingress. Page 79

86 Help Content Antenna Connections 3. Connect the two coaxial cables to the antenna, ensuring that the horizontal and vertical polarizations are connected between the radio and antenna in the same way on both sides of the link (H-H and V-V). Link performance may be degraded if coaxial cables are swapped between polarizations on one side of the link. Once secured mechanically, wrap the connectors with the provided Mastic tape in the clockwise direction to protect against moisture ingress. Example Antenna Connections Page 80

87 Help Content Antenna Connections Note: Some antenna inputs are not labeled, or have numbered inputs (e.g. 0 and 1). In this case, consult the antenna manufacturer's documentation to determine the polarization of each input, and ensure that the cables are connected between the radio and antenna in the same way on both sides of the link. Page 81

88 Help Content Backhaul Setup Backhaul Setup This overview is intended to assist the user with preliminary radio setup and link tests prior to deployment. Notes: Internet access is required to access firmware, unlock codes, and online help resources. Radios must have a good GPS signal to communicate with each other. If configuring radios indoors, Mimosa recommends either moving the radios near a window/skylight, or employing a GPS repeater that forwards GPS signals from outdoors to indoors. Care should be taken when setting power levels during indoor tests. Turn the radios away from one another, separate them by 2 m (>6 feet), and turn the TX Power level down to avoid saturating the receivers. See Indoor Test Methods for more information. If the radio is connected to a DHCP server, the default IP addresses shown below will be different. Setup the First Radio (Access Point) 1. Log in or create a Mimosa Cloud account. 2. Download latest Firmware for your device. 3. Connect the PoE to the Radio. 4. Prepare your computer for use. Connect an Ethernet cable between your computer and the PoE port labeled DATA. Ensure that your computer's IP address is different from that of the radio ( ), but in the same network. The subnet mask should be the same for both devices ( ). Consult operating system documentation for instructions about how to change your computer's IP address. 5. Access the radio in a browser. Open a browser and enter in the address bar. Enter a password that will be used to administer the device. 6. Install firmware image. Select the firmware image from your computer downloaded in step 1 for upload. The radio will validate and install the firmware, and then reboot. 7. Assign a friendly radio name. Navigate to Preferences > General > Device Friendly Name to enter a meaningful radio name. 8. Configure the radio s IP address. Navigate to Preferences > Management > Management IP to ensure the settings match your existing network configuration. After changing the radio's IP address adjust your computer's IP address to operate on the same network. 9. Set the link details. Navigate to Wireless > Link > TDMA Configuration to validate that the Wireless mode is set to Access Point. Continue to the Link Configuration panel to set a Link Friendly Name. Page 82

89 Help Content Enter an SSID that for the link between the two radios. Enter an Encryption Key (Passphrase) for the link between the two radios. Backhaul Setup 10. Choose operating frequencies. Navigate to Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings. Choose a desired Channel Width. Choose a desired Center Frequency. Set Tx Power to desired level. Setup the Second Radio (Station) 1. Connect the PoE to the radio. 2. Prepare your computer for use. 3. Access the radio in a browser. 4. Install firmware image. 5. Assign a new password and radio name. 6. Configure the radio s IP address. This IP address should be different from the Access Point radio. 7. Set the link details. Navigate to Wireless > Link > TDMA Configuration and change the Wireless Mode to Station. All of the Station's other TDMA Configuration settings will be inherited from the Access Point. Continue to the Link Configuration panel and enter the same SSID and encryption key that were entered on the Access Point radio. The device will reboot upon saving changes. The radios should then associate. If configured properly, the Dashboard will show a Wireless Status of Connected. Page 83

90 Help Content Backhaul Setup Indoor Test Methods Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B5-Lite Mimosa recommends confirming Backhaul link connectivity on a test bench before field deployment. This ensures that each device is in good working order and is properly configured. Tips for Testing B5 and B5-Lite The B5 and B5-Lite have fixed antenna gains designed to amplify weak signals in an outdoor environment. While both radios are indoors, the amplitudes of these signals are much greater, and can saturate the receivers. This can prevent link connectivity, cause loss of link connectivity, or even damage the receivers. To prevent this from happening, reduce Tx power on the AP to the lowest setting (-7 dbm for B5; 10 dbm for B5-Lite), and turn the antennas away from each other. Turning the antennas toward the ceiling, depending on multipath propagation, usually works best. Tips for Testing B5c Although the B5c was designed for use with external antennas, two B5c radios will link without an antenna if placed immediately next to each other on a work bench. A small amount of RF leakage allows for this to happen, although the link performance will not represent the outdoor performance, so this method should not be relied upon for throughput testing. Alternately, B5c radios can be wired for a conducted test, as shown in the photo below, with short jumper cables, 50 Ohm attenuators and coaxial cable adapters. This configuration better represents outdoor performance, but can introduce noise depending on the quality of the components between the radios. Warning: Never connect two B5c radios directly without attenuators. This can damage the receivers and will void the warranty. Page 84

91 Help Content Backhaul Setup Related: Backhaul FAQ: Should Tx Power be set to maximum? Page 85

92 Help Content Backhaul Setup Backhaul RF Tuning Process The user interface contains a set of tools for selecting channels and adjusting RF parameters. This document describes how to use each of these to efficiently tune an RF link for optimal performance. Within this process, it is assumed that the link performance has been modeled and verified using the Mimosa Design application, and that the antennas have been pointed properly to maximize Rx signal strength using the Aiming Mode. These are important prerequisites to the RF tuning process that should not be skipped. Please follow these steps to tune a link for optimal performance: 1. Use the Site Survey to learn what other devices are detected in the area. 2. Use the Spectrum Analyzer to identify frequencies with the least amount of interference. 3. Use the Channel & Power page to adjust channels, channel width, Tx power and antenna gain (if applicable). 4. Use the Performance Graph to verify that PER is less than 2% on average. 5. Use the MIMO Status Tables to verify that the SNR and MCS support your throughput requirements. 6. Repeat steps 2-5 as necessary. Site Survey Perform a Site Survey to identify the mode, frequency, channel width and signal strength of all AP s that you radio detects. Knowing what other devices and device types are in the immediate proximity is important for collocation of multiple radios, as well as selecting an appropriate channel. More information Spectrum Analyzer The next step is to select a channel with the least amount of interference. This is important because throughput absolutely depends on the signal to noise ratio (SNR). The Spectrum Analyzer can be accessed from either the Dashboard or by clicking on the Channel & Power page. It actively scans the 5 GHz band to report on interference sources that may impact link performance by frequency, amplitude, and probability of recurrence. Note that the Spectrum Analyzer is one of several tools used to measure RF performance, and that you can not depend on it solely for optimal channel selection. More information Channel & Power Since performance depends on maximizing the signal to noise ratio (SNR), use the following settings to target > 30 db SNR per chain for maximum performance. This table summarizes the SNR required for each MCS. Channel Settings Start with a single 20 MHz channel, and then increase channel width and/or number of channels if SNR allows. A single channel has higher spectral density than two channels. Narrower channels (e.g. 20 MHz) have higher spectral density than wider channels (e.g. 80 MHz). Page 86

93 Help Content Backhaul Setup Tx Power Settings The Maximum transmit power is limited by several factors including the number of channels and the selected channel. Your regulatory domain may limit the maximum EIRP for certain frequency ranges. On very short links, decrease Tx power to avoid saturating the receiver. Antenna Gain Settings Antenna Gain is fixed on B5 and B5-Lite backhaul radios, so no antenna gain entry field is shown. However, Antenna Gain is configurable on the B5c because it can be paired with antennas which have various gain values. The Antenna Gain value is used for two purposes: 1. To limit the maximum Tx power for each channel based on regulatory domain rules in your country. 2. To calculate the Rx Signal target on the Dashboard. The target will be incorrect if the gain value is inaccurate. More information Dashboard Performance Graphs The Dashboard Performance panel contains two graphs (IP Throughput and PHY PER) that can each be selected by clicking on the circles at the bottom of the graph. Verify that the PER is below 2% on average after association. More information MIMO Status The Dashboard MIMO Status tables show the SNR per chain and the MCS per stream. If the SNR is low for a particular channel, try changing channels or move to a smaller channel width. Note that PER and SNR are inversely proportional. More information Page 87

94 Help Content Installation Videos Videos B5 Hardware Installation Video B5 POE and Gland Installation Video Page 88

95 Help Content Installation Videos Videos Unboxing Cloud Account Setup Obtaining an Unlock Key Changing Computer IP Address Powering and Unlocking the B5-Lite Configuring the Access Point (AP) Configuring the Station Installing the B5-Lite Page 89

96 Help Content Overview Accessing the Graphical User Interface Accessing the graphical user interface (GUI) requires that the radio first be connected to power. The Power over Ethernet (PoE) connection process describes the steps to do this. Note that the GUI will be available approximately one minute after applying power. The GUI can be accessed in three ways to facilitate set-up and management. 1. Locally through the built-in 2.4 GHz wireless management network (B5/B5c and B11 Only) 2. Through the local Ethernet interface (LAN) 3. Remotely through the Point to Point wireless link Via 2.4 GHz Management Network On any device with 2.4 GHz n capability, go to the wireless network listing and connect to the Local Network Management wireless network (SSID): "mimosamxxx". The default passphrase for the 2.4 GHz connection is "mimosanetworks". Once connected, type into your browser. Please note that both the Local Network Management SSID and passphrase are configurable by the user, so their values could be different from the default values. Via Ethernet interface or in-band over the Point to Point link By default, the device IP address is and can be accessed via the Ethernet port using this IP address in any standard Web browser. To access the device via a locally connected computer initially (on the same LAN or directly to the Ethernet port), the computer s IP address must be on the same subnet as the above address. Once you have modified the IP address (static or is DHCP) of the device for remote management purposes (in-band over wireless or over the Ethernet interface), the new specified IP address must be used to access the device. This is important to do in order to avoid IP address conflicts with other devices on the network. Current IP addresses of different Mimosa devices on the network can be identified using terminal-based discovery. It is highly recommended to change the default password to a unique and secured password. Page 90

97 Help Content Overview Logging In After connecting via one of the three access methods, the GUI will prompt you to log-in with a password. The default password is "mimosa", and should be changed immediately after login to protect your network since it gives the user read / write priveleges. The password can be changed within the Preferences > General > Set Password panel of the GUI. If you are looking for the Mimosa Cloud Log In process, please see Manage User Guide: Logging In. Page 91

98 Help Content Overview User Interface Overview When you first log in, you ll notice that there is a title bar with the device name shown in the top-right corner, a navigation pane on the left, and a large content pane on the right. The default page shown in the content pane is the Dashboard, which shows a summary of overall performance at a glance, and highlights both radio and link parameters that affect link health. On the left navigation pane, there are four prominent sections: Overview, Wireless, Preferences, and Diagnostics. Each of these sections contains one or more links to pages containing task-related data, controls, and tools used to administer the radio and you can return the Dashboard at any time by clicking on the Dashboard link in the Overview section. The pin in the top corner of the left navigation pane allows you to "pin" open the navigation menu for easier access. Else, the menu contracts to provide more workspace within the GUI. Note that the 2.4 GHz Console menu item is not present on the B5-Lite. Page 92

99 Help Content Overview Page 93

100 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode The Dashboard The Dashboard contains several panels used to group related items. The status panel at the top of the page shows the link SSID, the link status, GPS signal quality*, Link Uptime since association, and Link Availability since the last reboot. Two of the values on this panel contain an information icon that shows more information when you click or hover over it with your mouse cursor. On other panels, detailed help text can be found by clicking on the information icon in the upper right hand corner. * Applies to B5/B5c and B11 only; does not apply to B5-Lite. Page 94

101 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode Reading the Signal Meter Connected Link Received signal strength is shown in large text in the center of the control, and as a green indicator in the top dial. The blue shaded bar and text immediately below the dial represent target signal strength based on distance and other information exchanged between radios. The objective is to align the green indicator with the blue bar as a guideline during antenna aiming. The resulting half-duplex PHY rates shown at the bottom of the Signal Meter control are correlated with the MCS, and represent raw data across the link without protocol overhead. The Max Throughput values include TDMA window size and MAC layer efficiency. The following settings and values that affect link health are listed for reference: B5/B5c Channel 1 Center Frequency: True center of the first frequency range (no offset). Channel 2 Center Frequency: True center of the second frequency range (no offset). Channel Width: Number of channels used (1 or 2), and the width of each channel (20, 40 or 80 MHz). Tx Power: Total transmit power level (dbm). Link Length: Distance between local and remote radios (when connected). B5-Lite Center Frequency: True center of the frequency range (no offset). Channel Width: The width of the channel (20, 40 or 80 MHz). Tx Power: Total transmit power level (dbm). Link Length: Distance between local and remote radios (when connected). B11 Center Frequency 1: True center of the first frequency range (no offset). Center Frequency 2: True center of the second frequency range (no offset). Channel Width: Number of channels used (1 or 2), and the width of each channel (20, 40 or 80 MHz). Tx Power: Total transmit power level (dbm). Link Length: Distance between local and remote radios (when connected). Click the Spectrum Analyzer button to access the Spectrum Analyzer, which can also be found on the Channel & Power page. This will not disturb the link. When a link is not associated, the signal strength and PHY rates are replaced by an indicator of "Disconnected". Once associated, click the Aiming Mode button on the Dashboard to open a new window that refreshes once per second for a 5-minute period. The Aim Heading indicates the direction in which the front of the device should be pointed based exchange of coordinates. The green arrow and blue shaded region on the dial indicator represent current and target signal levels, respectively. Note that the dial indicator does not represent azimuth. Azimuth may need to be adjusted in either direction to meet the target. B5/B5c Signal Meter Page 95

102 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode B5-Lite Signal Meter B11 Signal Meter Page 96

103 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode Page 97

104 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode Antenna Aiming Mode Once associated, click the Aiming Mode button on the Dashboard to open a new window that refreshes once per second for a 5-minute period. The Aim Heading indicates the direction in which the front of the device should be pointed based exchange of coordinates. The green arrow and blue shaded region on the dial indicator represent current and target signal levels, respectively. Note that the dial indicator does not represent azimuth. Azimuth may need to be adjusted in either direction to meet the target. Note that the target signal level will be incorrect if the antenna gain value is inaccurate (B5c). Antenna Aiming Procedure 1. While viewing the Aiming Mode screen, move the local antenna on one axis at a time (first azimuth and then elevation) in 6mm (1/4 inch) increments. 2. Wait 2-3 seconds for the signal to settle after each movement. Signal strength may increase or decrease after each movement. Increases in signal strength will move the green arrow and blue shaded region closer together. Decreases in signal strength will move them farther apart. The point of maximum signal strength indicates optimal antenna alignment for each axis. 3. Repeat the steps 1 and 2 above on the remote antenna. The signal strength should match the outputs from the Mimosa Design application. If not, please consult the Low Rx Power troubleshooting guide. Page 98

105 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode Tip: Use a pen (or a piece of tape) to place an alignment mark on both the antenna mount and the mounting pole. The gap between the marks will serve as a visual aid to show how far the antenna has turned in either direction. Page 99

106 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode Reading the Performance Charts IP Throughput and Packet Error Rate (PER) are charted over 60 seconds in 5-second intervals. The newest data shows up on the right and scrolls to the left over time. You can toggle between the charts by clicking on the navigation circles at the bottom of the panel. If enabled, click on the cloud icon to view historical data within the Manage application. The IP Throughput graph plots three lines representing transmit, receive, and aggregate (summed) throughputs at the datagram (or packet) layer excluding any protocol or encapsulation overhead. The results here may differ from those measured using speed test tools, due to protocol overhead and encapsulation. Note that internal Bandwidth test results are excluded. The Packet Error Rate (PER) is the number of packets with errors divided by the total number of packets sent within a 5-second period. Ideally, this value should be below 2%, while higher values indicate the presence of interference. Tx PER is an indication that the local radio did not receive an ACK from the remote radio, so is forced to retransmit the same information again. Rx PER is a value sent from the remote radio to the local radio in management frames. Page 100

107 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode Note: PER will be higher upon initial association, and will usually settle within seconds. This is because association requires that the radios listen more carefully for their link partner until they are linked, and this listening period is subject to more interference until Automatic Gain Control (AGC) and Rate Adaptation (RA) adjust parameters to accommodate the conditions. PER values are exchanged between radios asynchronously, so the values may not match exactly when referencing both radios at the same time. Page 101

108 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode Reading Device Details The Device Details panel shows two summary tables for the local and remote device configurations and their status. Click on the navigation circles at the bottom of the panel to toggle between the two tables. The table shows the following for both Local and Remote devices: B5/B5c Device Name: The friendly name given to each device. (Set in Preferences > General > Naming) Serial Number: The unique identifier for the device assigned at the factory. IP Address: The IP address of each device and how it was assigned. (Set in Preferences > Management) Wireless Protocol: The MAC level protocol. (Set in Wireless > Link > MAC Configuration) TDMA Traffic Balance: Identifies the "gender" of the radio, the duration for each TDMA time slot, and ratio of bandwidth allocated for transmission. (Set in Wireless > Link > MAC Configuration) Ethernet Speed: Data rate and duplex mode of the wired Ethernet interface. Firmware: The latest firmware version applied to each device. (Set in Preferences > Update & Reboot) Internal Temp: Temperature inside the device casing (operating range: -40 C to +60 C). 2.4 GHz MAC: The unique identifier for the 2.4 GHz radio. 5 GHz MAC: The unique identifier for the 5 GHz radio. Ethernet MAC: The unique identifier for the physical Ethernet interface. Last Reboot: The date and time at which each device last rebooted. B5-Lite Device Name: The friendly name given to each device. (Set in Preferences > General > Naming) Serial Number: The unique identifier for the device assigned at the factory. IP Address: The IP address of each device and how it was assigned. (Set in Preferences > Management) Wireless Protocol: The MAC level protocol. (Set in Wireless > Link > MAC Configuration) TDMA Traffic Balance: Identifies the "gender" of the radio, the duration for each TDMA time slot, and ratio of bandwidth allocated for transmission. (Set in Wireless > Link > MAC Configuration) Ethernet Speed: Data rate and duplex mode of the wired Ethernet interface. Firmware: The latest firmware version applied to each device. (Set in Preferences > Update & Reboot) CPU Temp: Temperature on the device CPU (operating range: -40 C to +110 C). 5 GHz MAC: The unique identifier for the 5 GHz radio. Ethernet MAC: The unique identifier for the physical Ethernet interface. Last Reboot: The date and time at which each device last rebooted. B11 Device Name: The friendly name given to each device. (Set in Preferences > General > Naming) Serial Number: The unique identifier for the device assigned at the factory. IP Address: The IP address of each device and how it was assigned. (Set in Preferences > Management) Wireless Protocol: The MAC level protocol. (Set in Wireless > Link > MAC Configuration) TDMA Traffic Balance: Identifies the "gender" of the radio, the duration for each TDMA time slot, and ratio of bandwidth allocated for transmission. (Set in Wireless > Link > MAC Configuration) Ethernet Speed: Data rate and duplex mode of the wired Ethernet interface. Network Interface: Shows port status; "Ethernet", "Fiber" or "Down". Firmware: The latest firmware version applied to each device (Set in Preferences > Update & Reboot). Internal Temp: Temperature inside the device casing (operating range: -40 C to +60 C). 5 GHz MAC: The unique identifier for the 5 GHz radio. Ethernet MAC: The unique identifier for the physical Ethernet interface. Page 102

109 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode Last Reboot: The date and time at which each device last rebooted. Page 103

110 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode Reading MIMO Status Tables The MIMO Status panel contains two tables: Chains and Streams. Chains represent the physical medium (RF Tx/Rx values), while Streams represent data. Chains and Streams are not necessarily correlated one to one because the Rate Adaptation algorithm may periodically increase or decrease the number of data streams sent over the physical medium when reacting to interference. The Chains table describes each chain's power, noise, SNR, frequency and polarization. The Streams table describes each stream's MCS index, PHY rates and Rx Error Vector Magnitude (EVM). Each table can be selected by clicking on the navigation circles at the bottom of the panel. Chains The Chains table contains 6 values: Tx Power, Rx Power, Rx Noise, SNR, Center Frequency and Polarization. Each channel is assigned two chains (horizontal and vertical). If two channels are selected, Channel 1 uses Chains 1 & 2, while Channel 2 uses Chains 3 & 4. Tx Power is the amount of power applied to each of the MIMO chains. Tx Power can be shared evenly (preferred), or unevenly (if necessary), between channels. The Tx power per channel is divided evenly per chain. Example: 4 dbm Tx power on Channel 1 results in 1 dbm each on Chains 1 & 2. Rx Power is the incoming signal level from the remote radio. Larger values are better (e.g. -50 dbm is better than 60 dbm). Rx Noise is a combination of the thermal noise floor plus interference detected by the local radio. Smaller values are better (e.g. -90 dbm is better than -80 dbm). Noise sources can be either in close proximity to the local radio, or they can be remote transmitters pointed back at the local radio. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the difference between the Rx Power and Rx Noise, and is a measure of how well the local receiver can detect signals from the remote transmitter and clearly discern them from noise. Higher values are better (e.g. 30 db is better than 10 db). If two channels are selected, you may observe that SNR is much lower on one channel than the other. This could be Page 104

111 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode because the Tx Power is set lower on the remote transmitter, or because of higher interference levels on the channel. To resolve this, increase Tx Power or change the channel that has lower SNR. Chains 1 & 3 have horizontal polarization, and Chains 2 & 4 have vertical polarization. Chains with the same polarization are combined internal to the radio before exiting to the antenna connectors. Streams The Streams table contains the Tx MCS index, Tx PHY rate, Rx MCS index, Rx PHY rate, and the Rx EVM for each stream. The Tx MCS is an indicator of how well the remote radio can receive data from the local transmitter. The Rx MCS indicates how well the local radio is receiving data from the remote transmitter. The Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) represents how much data can be sent at a time, so directly affects potential throughput represented by the PHY rate. The higher the MCS index (ranging from 0-9), the more data that can be sent per transmission. A disadvantages of higher MCS indices is that they require higher SNR since they are more vulnerable to noise. The Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) indicates the difference between the actual and expected amplitude and phase of an incoming signal. Smaller values are better (e.g. -30 db is better than -10 db). Rate Adaptation dynamically adjusts both the MCS and the number of streams depending on RF conditions. Poor RF conditions (i.e. interference) causes PER to increase. PER and MCS are inversely correlated meaning that as PER increases, MCS decreases and vice versa. Single channel mode usually uses 2 streams, but may drop to one stream if RF conditions are poor. Dual channel mode uses up to 4 streams. You may also see the number of streams change periodically because of tests that Rate Adaptation performs to optimize performance. This is expected and normal. Related: Backhaul FAQ: What SNR is required for each MCS? Backhaul FAQ: What is the sensitivity for each MCS index? Page 105

112 Help Content Single Client (PTP) Mode Backhaul FAQ: What's a good EVM? Page 106

113 Help Content Multi Client (PTMP) Mode Dashboard - Multi Client (PTMP) Mode The Dashboard contains several panels used to group related items. The status panel at the top of the page shows the link SSID, the wireless status, GPS signal quality*, Link Uptime since association, and Connected Clients. The information icon next to the Satellite/Timing value shows more information when you click or hover over it with your mouse cursor. On other panels, detailed help text can be found by clicking on the information icon in the upper right hand corner. * Applies to B5/B5c and B11 only; does not apply to B5-Lite. Page 107

114 Help Content Multi Client (PTMP) Mode Current Usage - Multi Client (PTMP) Mode The Current Usage chart shows the total bandwidth consumed by all clients. Page 108

115 Help Content Multi Client (PTMP) Mode Performance Chart - Multi Client (PTMP) Mode IP Throughput is charted over 60 seconds in 5-second intervals. The newest data shows up on the right and scrolls to the left over time. The IP Throughput graph plots three lines representing transmit, receive, and total (summed) throughput. Page 109

116 Help Content Multi Client (PTMP) Mode Dashboard Client List - Multi Client (PTMP) Mode The Client List shows settings and metrics between the AP and each client device. Name - The name assigned to the client device, or the device MAC address if the device name is unknown IP Address - The IP address assigned to the client radio Rx Power (dbm) - Received signal strength from each client radio SNR (db) - Signal to Noise Ratio for each client radio. Note that the SNR for both channels are displayed. PER % - The Packet Error Rate (PER) is the number of packets with errors divided by the total number of packets sent within a 5-second period. Ideally, this value should be below 2%, while higher values indicate the presence of interference. PHY Rate (Tx/Rx Mbps) - Capacity in both directions Related: Backhaul FAQ: What SNR is required for each MCS? Backhaul FAQ: What is the sensitivity for each MCS index? Backhaul FAQ: What's a good EVM? Page 110

117 Help Content Multi Client (PTMP) Mode Device Details - Multi Client (PTMP) Mode The Device Details panel shows a summary of status and identification details for the AP: Device Name - The friendly name given to each device. (Set in Preferences > General > Naming) Serial Number - The unique identifier for the device assigned at the factory. IP Address - The IP address of each device and how it was assigned. (Set in Preferences > Management) Wireless Protocol - The MAC level protocol. (Set in Wireless > Link > MAC Configuration) TDMA Traffic Balance - Identifies the "gender" of the radio, the duration for each TDMA time slot, and ratio of bandwidth allocated for transmission. (Set in Wireless > Link > MAC Configuration) Ethernet Speed - Data rate and duplex mode of the wired Ethernet interface in Mbps. Firmware - The installed firmware version on the AP. (Set in Preferences > Firmware & Reset) Internal Temp - Temperature inside the device casing (operating range: -40 C to +60 C). 2.4 GHz MAC - The unique identifier for the 2.4 GHz radio. 5 GHz MAC - The unique identifier for the 5 GHz radio. Ethernet MAC - The unique identifier for the physical Ethernet interface. Last Reboot - The date and time at which the device was last rebooted. Page 111

118 Help Content Channel & Power Reading the Spectrum Analyzer The Spectrum Analyzer actively scans the spectrum in the background to report on interference sources that may impact link performance. Click the Local, Remote, or Combined buttons to each radio's spectrum individually or simultaneously. Click on the half circle icon in the upper right to toggle the graph's background color between black and white. Note that the remote side data may be as much as 5 minutes behind the local radio. Channels in use have higher Power Spectral Density (PSD) on the vertical axis, and are shaded in different colors to represent how often the signals are likely to be on the same frequency at the same amplitude. The legend to the right of the graph explains the color code for the Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF). The color red suggests the highest probability (1 = 100%), while purple represents the lowest probability (0 = 0%). Cross hairs appear on the graph beneath the mouse pointer along with an information box containing the frequency (channel), PSD, and CDF values. There are three types of markings, or bars, immediately beneath the graph s horizontal axis that indicate frequency ranges that are restricted, manually excluded, or in active use by this link. Note that traffic from the Active Channel is excluded from the display so that noise can be detected. Note: Buttons on the upper right of the graph show the spectrum for the local radio, the remote radio or a combined view. Page 112

119 Help Content Channel & Power Managing Channel & Power Settings The Chanel and Power Settings panel allows for either automatic or manual changes to frequency, channel width, and power for either one or two channels. B5/B5c Auto Everything - Automatically configure channel, channel width and power to optimize performance based on spectrum data. Channel Width (MHz) - In Manual Mode, choose the number of link channels (single or dual) and the channel width for each (Example: 2x80 MHz represents two channels with 80 MHz each, totaling 160 MHz). Single channel options ending in "FD" allow for different transmit and receive frequencies on Channel 1 & 2, respectively. Maximum Channel Width (MHz) - Select the maximum channel width Auto Everything is allowed to use. The decision for single or dual channel modes will be made automatically. For example, selecting 40 MHz as the maximum channel width may result in 1x40 or 2x20 mode. Smaller channel widths may also be selected based on RF conditions. Auto Everything is designed to maintain the highest link bandwidth while maintaining link stability. Center Frequency (1 & 2) - In Off (Manual) mode, select the center frequency of the channel used on the link. In all modes, the center frequency represents the absolute center of the selected channel width without any offset, and the center can be moved in 5 MHz increments. If Auto Everything is set to On, the Channel(s) will be automatically set, and not editable. When configured as an AP in Multi Client (PTMP) mode, Center Frequency 1 is the primary channel. Tx Power (1 & 2) - Set the desired transmit power level. The allowed options are determined by a combination of country and chosen frequency. If Channel Width is set to 1xN MHz, Channel 2 will not be used. If Auto Everything is set to On, Tx Power will be automatically set, and not editable. In "FD" mode, Power 1 and Power 2 represent transmit power on the local and remote sides, respectively. When configured as a client in Multi Client (PTMP) mode, Tx power setting are obtained from the AP, but can be altered on the client radio. Local and Remote Antenna Gain (dbi) - For connectorized radios, set the gain according to antenna specifications and subtract out any cable/connector loss. Remote antenna gain is available only in PTP mode, and not in Multi Client (PTMP) mode. These values will not be shown on radios with integrated antennas. Channel Recommendations - List of channel widths, center frequencies, and Tx powers that Auto Everything would choose in order of preference (if enabled). Page 113

120 Help Content Channel & Power B5-Lite Auto Everything - Automatically configure channel, channel width and power to optimize performance based on spectrum data. Channel Width (MHz) - In Manual Mode, choose the channel width (20, 40, or 80 MHz). Maximum Channel Width (MHz) - Select the maximum channel width Auto Everything is allowed to use. The decision for single or dual channel modes will be made automatically. Smaller channel widths may also be selected based on RF conditions. Auto Everything is designed to maintain the highest link bandwidth while maintaining link stability. Center Frequency - In Off (Manual) mode, select the center frequency of the channel used on the link. In all modes, the center frequency represents the absolute center of the selected channel width without any offset, and the center can be moved in 5 MHz increments. If Auto Everything is set to On, the Channel will be automatically set, and not editable. Tx Power - Set the desired transmit power level. The allowed options are determined by a combination of country and chosen frequency. If Auto Everything is set to On, the Channel & Tx Power will be automatically set, and not editable. Channel Recommendations - List of channels, center frequencies, and Tx powers that Auto Everything would choose in order of preference (if enabled). Page 114

121 Help Content Channel & Power B11 Channel Width (MHz) - In Manual Mode, choose the channel width (20, 40, or 80 MHz). Center Frequency (1 & 2) - Select the center frequency of the channel used on the link. In all modes, the center frequency represents the absolute center of the selected channel width without any offset, and the center can be moved in 5 MHz increments. Local and Remote Device Power - Set the desired transmit power levels on the AP. The allowed options are determined by a combination of country and chosen frequency. Antenna Gain (dbi) - Set the gain according to antenna specifications and subtract out any cable/connector loss. Operating Band (MHz) - Select the frequency range in which the radio will operate: or Page 115

122 Help Content Channel & Power Note: Tx power selections may be limited based on your regulatory domain (refer to the Maximum Power chart for more details). Related: Using TDMA-FD Mode - Application note describing how to apply FD mode in challenging spectrum. Page 116

123 Help Content Channel & Power Managing Exclusions & Restrictions Exclusions list the frequency ranges in which the device should not operate. The Auto Everything feature will avoid these frequency bands. The excluded bands will be shown as shaded regions on the Spectrum Analyzer. Start - Specify the lower limit for the exclusion range, not including this frequency. End - Specify the upper limit for the exclusion range, not including this frequency. Add Exclusions - The button to add the Start and End frequency range to the exclusion list. Existing Exclusions and Restrictions - Exclusions can be removed from the list by clicking on the trash icon. The restricted bands with the lock icon cannot be removed. They are protected because of regulatory requirements. Regulatory Domain - The country in which the device has been configured to run. In the United States, if either the AP or STA are within a 60 km radius of a Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR) location, one or more 30 MHz restrictions are automatically created to avoid the TDWR operating frequencies. Page 117

124 Help Content Link TDMA Configuration Settings The TDMA Configuration panel contains controls for configuring and fine tuning TDMA performance. One side of the radio link must be set as an Access point, and the other set as a Station. The Station inherits the other settings from the AP, so the other fields are grayed out and not accessible when Station is selected. B5/B5c Wireless Mode - Choose whether the device will act as an Access Point or a Station. Multi Client Mode - Enable or disable PTMP operation with other radios with compatible firmware. Changing this value requires a reboot. When enabled, the TDMA window is 8 ms and can not be changed, and only 50/50 traffic split options are available. If connecting a B5-Lite as a client, the B5-Lite will only connect on one channel, and will not operate in "FD" mode. Gender - Traffic Split - The radio can be configured to allocate bandwidth symmetrically (50/50) or biased towards downstream (75/25) in environments where traffic direction is expected to be heavier in one direction than the other. With an asymmetrical split, the local radio is represented first in the slash notation, (local/remote). For example, in the (75/25) split, the local radio gets 75, while the remote radio gets 25. If "Auto" is selected the radio will automatically determine, based upon traffic flow, which ratio will be used. The radio will continue to evaluate the flow and adjust accordingly. TDMA Window - Determines the length of the transmit time slot in milliseconds. If "Auto" is selected as the Gender-Traffic Split, this value is set dynamically. Note: To enable spectrum reuse, both Gender-Traffic Split and TDMA Window must each be set to the same value for all collocated radios. Further, "Auto" must not be selected as the TDMA Window when radios are collocated. B5-Lite Wireless Mode - Choose whether the device will act as an Access Point or a Station. Gender - Traffic Split - The radio can be configured to allocate bandwidth symmetrically (50/50) or biased towards downstream (75/25) in environments where traffic direction is expected to be heavier in one direction than the other. With an asymmetrical split, the local radio is represented first in the slash notation, (local/remote). For example, in the (75/25) split, the local radio gets 75, while the remote radio gets 25. If "Auto" is selected the radio will automatically determine, based upon traffic flow, which ratio will be used. The radio will continue to evaluate the flow and adjust accordingly. TDMA Window - Determines the length of the transmit time slot in milliseconds. If "Auto" is selected as the Gender-Traffic Split, this value is set dynamically. B11 Wireless Mode - Choose whether the device will act as an Access Point or a Station. Gender - Traffic Split - The radio can be configured to allocate bandwidth symmetrically (50/50) or biased towards downstream (75/25) in environments where traffic direction is expected to be heavier in one direction than the other. With an asymmetrical split, the local radio is represented first in the slash notation, (local/remote). For example, in the (75/25) split, the local radio gets 75, while the remote radio gets 25. If "Auto" is selected the radio will automatically determine, based upon traffic flow, which ratio will be used. The radio will continue to evaluate the flow and adjust accordingly. TDMA Window - Determines the length of the transmit time slot in milliseconds. If "Auto" is selected as the Gender-Traffic Split, this value is set dynamically. Note: To enable spectrum reuse, both Gender-Traffic Split and TDMA Window must each be set to the same value for all collocated radios. Further, "Auto" must not be selected as the TDMA Window when radios are collocated and sharing the same frequencies. Page 118

125 Help Content Link Example Access Point Settings Example Station Settings Page 119

126 Help Content Link Link Configuration Settings The Link Configuration panel includes controls to define the 5 GHz SSID and passphrase between radios: Link Friendly Name - A friendly name to describe the link between the Access Point (AP) and Station. This name is used to differentiate amongst other links. SSID - The wireless link name used by both radios. Both AP and Station must use the same SSID to communicate with each other. Encryption Key - Enter the ASCII Passphrase to connect with the broadcasted SSID. Select "Show Key" to see passphrase in plain text. Enter any combination of printable characters. The passphrase should be between 8 to 63 characters in length. The Encryption Key must be the same on both the Access Point and Station for them to communicate with each other. Scan for SSID - On a radio configured as a Station, click this button to display a list of Access Point SSIDs. Status - Indicates whether the AP and Station are "Connected" (associated) or "Not Connected" (disassociated). Please ensure that the SSID, Encryption Key, and firmware versions are the same. Additionally, ensure that the IP addresses are different, and on the same subnet. Example Access Point Link Configuration Example Station Link Configuration Page 120

127 Help Content Link Example SSID Scan after pressing the "Scan SSID" button. To connect to a particular SSID, click the "Select" button. Page 121

128 Help Content Clients Client List The Client List shows settings and metrics between the AP and each client device when operating in Multi Client (PTMP) mode. Client - The name assigned to the client device, or the device MAC address if the device name is unknown MAC - The unique identifier for the client radio IP - The IP address assigned to the client radio Rx Power (dbm) - Received signal strength from each client radio SNR (db) - Signal to Noise Ratio for each client radio. Note SNRs for both channels are displayed. PER % - The Packet Error Rate (PER) is the number of packets with errors divided by the total number of packets sent within a 5-second period. Ideally, this value should be below 2%, while higher values indicate the presence of interference. PHY Rate (Tx/Rx Mbps) - Capacity in both directions Version - Firmware version installed on the client radio Related: Backhaul FAQ: What SNR is required for each MCS? Backhaul FAQ: What is the sensitivity for each MCS index? Backhaul FAQ: What's a good EVM? Page 122

129 Help Content Location Interpreting Local Satellite Signals Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 The Local Satellite Signals panel contains a chart showing both GPS and GLONASS satellites in blue and green, respectively, from which the radio can obtain position and timing data used for synchronization. Each numbered column represents a unique satellite with the columns amplitude representing the signal to noise ratio of the satellite s signal at the radio s receiver. The number of satellites the radio detects and the SNR of each both contribute to clock accuracy. Page 123

130 Help Content Location Reading Satellite Information Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 The Satellite Information panel contains values that represent and contribute to clock accuracy. Good GPS signal strength is required for maximum performance, as the GPS is used to synchronize timing between devices. Satellite Signal Strength - Qualitative assessment based on all items below; also displayed on the Dashboard. Satellite Avg SNR - Average signal to noise ratio amongst satellites. Total Satellites - Sum of detected GPS and GLONASS satellites. GPS - Number of GPS satellites detected. GLONASS - Number of GLONASS satellites detected. Clock Accuracy - Timing signal accuracy measured in parts per billion (ppb). Page 124

131 Help Content Location Viewing Location Data Product Applicability: B5/B5c Status table showing location, altitude, and heading for both the local and remote devices, as well as the link distance between them. The link length in the middle of the table will show "Disconnected" if a connection has not been established. Page 125

132 Help Content Location Local Coordinates Product Applicability: B5-Lite Enter the latitude and longitude of the local radio in signed decimal degrees with four digits after the decimal point (e.g. ##.####). These values are used to calculate distance and propagation delay, to coordinate Auto Everything within the same subnet, and to display the radios on a map within Mimosa cloud applications. Page 126

133 Help Content Location Remote Coordinates Product Applicability: B5-Lite Enter the latitude and longitude of the remote radio in signed decimal degrees with four digits after the decimal point (e.g. ##.####). These values are used to calculate distance and propagation delay, to coordinate Auto Everything within the same subnet, and to display the radios on a map within Mimosa cloud applications. Page 127

134 Help Content Location Distance Product Applicability: B5-Lite The calculated distance between radios based on the local and remote coordinates. This value is used to calculate propagation delay. Page 128

135 Help Content Site Survey Reading Site Survey Results The Survey Results status table summarizes the results of a site survey, including the SSIDs broadcast by other devices, their configuration and capabilities. Note that the Site Survey function is only available on radios configured as a Station (versus AP). The table provides the following data per device found: SSID - The wireless link name advertised by each detected AP. Capability - Indicates which (Wi-Fi technology standard) is support by the device. Options include A, G, N, AC. MAC Address - The device's unique identifier. Vendor - The name of the device manufacturer (if known). Wi-Fi Channel - Lists the channel on which the device operates. Channel Width - The size (in MHz) of the channel on which the device operates. Frequency Range - The specific frequency range (in MHz) within the Wi-Fi channel that the device operates. Signal Strength - The received power level (in dbm) from each detected AP. Note: The Site Survey will temporarily interrupt your link. Once started, this process cannot be stopped until complete. Use the Start Survey button to place the radio into the scan mode to search for compatible access points. The Last Updated field indicates (down to the second) when the last Site Survey was requested. It is important to note that running a site survey will temporarily take down your link. Once activated, this process cannot be stopped until complete. Please plan accordingly. Page 129

136 Help Content General Setting a Device Name and Description The device name and description are local identifiers for administrative purposes, and are not used as part of the wireless link. Device Friendly Name - Name for the local device displayed on the Dashboard. Device Description - A more detailed device description (up to 150 characters) for administrative purposes. Page 130

137 Help Content General Reading the Date/Time & Setting the Install Date The Time panel shows the current date and time in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The Install Date input box can be used for administrative purposes, but it is optional and has no other affect. B5/B5c Current Date (UTC) - Current date as set by GPS. Current Time (UTC) - Current time as set by GPS. Install Date - Used to track the date that the device was installed. B5-Lite Current Date (UTC) - Current date as set by the NTP Server. Current Time (UTC) - Current time as set by the NTP Server. Install Date - Used to track the date that the device was installed. NTP Server - Domain name or IP address of network time server. B11 Current Date (UTC) - Current date as set by GPS. Current Time (UTC) - Current time as set by GPS. Install Date - Used to track the date that the device was installed. Page 131

138 Help Content General Setting a Password Enter the new password in both the New Password and Verify New Password input boxes to validate that they were typed correctly. To finalize the change, enter the existing password and then save. The default password should be changed during device configuration to protect your network. New Password - Enter the new password. Verify New Password - Re-enter the new password (to confirm). Current Password - Enter the existing password (as a security measure). The Password rules are as follows for choosing a password: It must be between 6 to 64 characters. It can use capital (A-Z) or lower case (a-z) characters, excluding space. Valid special characters for the password include! " # $ % & ' ( ) * +, -. / : ; < = >? [ ] ^ _ ` { } ~ The password cannot be blank. The password may not have a leading or trailing space. There is no complexity required for the password. Page 132

139 Help Content General General Miscellaneous Settings The Miscellaneous panel contains general functionality not described elsewhere. B5/B5c LED Brightness - Changes the intensity of the status indicator lights on the device exterior. The Auto option adjusts the amount of light based upon ambient conditions. Manual options include Low, Medium, and High. Unlock Code - Displays the code used to unlock the device. B5-Lite Unlock Code - Displays the code used to unlock the device. B11 LED Brightness - Changes the intensity of the status indicator lights on the device exterior. The Auto option adjusts the amount of light based upon ambient conditions. Manual options include Low, Medium, and High. Unlock Code - Displays the code used to unlock the device. Related: Change Unlock Country - Replace an existing unlock code to enable another regulatory domain Page 133

140 Help Content Management Setting the Management IP Address The Management IP panel contains controls for setting the device's network address, subnet, gateway and DNS servers. IP Mode - Select the preferred mode of network addressing: Static or DHCP+Static Failover. If Static is chosen, the device will always use the IP address that has been assigned. If DHCP+Static Failover is chosen, and a DHCP server is available, then the addresses are automatically assigned by the DHCP server. If a DHCP server is unavailable, the device will use the static IP address listed below. IP Address - The network address used to manage the device. Netmask - The subnet mask that defines the network subnet. Gateway - The gateway address for the subnet. Primary DNS - The first DNS server IP Address. Default is Secondary DNS - The backup DNS server IP Address. Default is Note that the wired Ethernet interface is configured by default to use DHCP with a static failover to the IP address like in the screen capture below. Page 134

141 Help Content Management Enabling Watchdog The Watchdog panel contains controls to monitor a remote host and reboot the local device under configurable failure conditions. IP Ping Watchdog - Enables the IP Ping Watchdog feature, which resets the device if it cannot ping a certain IP after a number of retry attempts. Ping IP Address - Enter the IP address of the device to ping. Interval - Set the number of seconds (1-3600) between ping attempts. Delay After Startup - Set the delay in number of seconds (1-3600) between device start up and the first ping attempt. Failure Count Triggering Reboot - Set the number of failed ping attempts (1-100) before rebooting the device. WARNING: rebooting will take the device offline. Page 135

142 Help Content Management Management Services The Services panel holds controls to secure management traffic by specifying how it should be served over the network. Enable HTTPS - Use SSL to access the web interface of this device. Web Server Port - Indicate which TCP port will be used for the web server. This web server is for the web interface. Secure Web Server Port - Indicate which TCP port will be used for the secure web server. Session Timeout - Set the number of minutes (0-60) of inactivity that will be allowed on the interface before automatic log-out for sessions. If set to "0", the session will have no timeout. Following an automatic session timeout, logging back into the device will take you to the Dashboard screen. Page 136

143 Help Content Management Management Miscellaneous Settings The Miscellaneous panel contains controls to enable Mimosa Cloud Management and to select the Ethernet Port data rate, either automatically or manually. B5/B5c Mimosa Cloud Management - Enables the device to use Mimosa Cloud Management tools. Data will be collected and stored the Mimosa Cloud. Ethernet Port - Set the Ethernet port transfer rate or allow it to be automatically determined. Manually selectable options are 10, 100, or 1000BaseT at either full or half duplex. Note that Auto or 1000BaseT/Full is recommended so that the Ethernet port does not create a bottleneck. Rapid Port Shutdown (RPS) - Enabling this option disables the logical link of the Ethernet port for 2 seconds once every 5 minutes if the wireless link disassociates. This function becomes active only after initial association, and repeats the off/on cycle until the link re-associates. This speeds convergence of routing and switching protocols used in the network. Flow Control - Enables PAUSE frames (part of 802.3x standard) to manage the transmission rate between upstream senders and the Ethernet Interface. B5-Lite Mimosa Cloud Management - Enables the device to use Mimosa Cloud Management tools. Data will be collected and stored the Mimosa Cloud. Ethernet Port - Set the Ethernet port transfer rate or allow it to be automatically determined. Manually selectable options are 10, 100, or 1000BaseT at either full or half duplex. Note that Auto or 1000BaseT/Full is recommended so that the Ethernet port does not create a bottleneck. Rapid Port Shutdown (RPS) - Enabling this option disables the logical link of the Ethernet port for 2 seconds once every 5 minutes if the wireless link disassociates. This function becomes active only after initial association, and repeats the off/on cycle until the link re-associates. This speeds convergence of routing and switching protocols used in the network. Flow Control - Enables PAUSE frames (part of 802.3x standard) to manage the transmission rate between upstream senders and the Ethernet Interface. B11 Mimosa Cloud Management - Enables the device to use Mimosa Cloud Management tools. Data will be collected and stored the Mimosa Cloud. Rapid Port Shutdown (RPS) - Enabling this option disables the logical link of the Ethernet port for 2 seconds once every 5 minutes if the wireless link disassociates. This function becomes active only after initial association, and repeats the off/on cycle until the link re-associates. This speeds convergence of routing and switching protocols used in the network. Flow Control - Enables PAUSE frames (part of 802.3x standard) to manage the transmission rate between upstream senders and the Ethernet Interface. Note: Your firewall must be configured for outbound access to enable Mimosa Cloud Management. Page 137

144 Help Content Management Page 138

145 Help Content Management Network Interfaces The Network Interfaces panel contains controls for changing data port status and speed. B11 Ethernet Port - Set the Ethernet port transfer rate or allow it to be automatically determined. Manually selectable options are 10, 100, or 1000BaseT at either full or half duplex. Note that Auto or 1000BaseT/Full is recommended so that the Ethernet port does not create a bottleneck. Fiber Port - Enable this option to route all data through this port with optical fiber and a small form-factor pluggable (SFP) media adapter. Note that when using the Fiber Port, the Ethernet cable must remain connected to the Ethernet Port to supply power. Page 139

146 Help Content Management VLAN Management The VLAN Management panel allows the administrator to enable a VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) for management traffic. When enabled, all Web Management traffic must originate from a device on that VLAN. Enable - Use the slider control to turn VLAN Management on or off. ID - The VLAN ID tag. You can still connect locally via the 2.4 GHz management console on a B5 or B5c. Page 140

147 Help Content Management Configuring REST Services The REST Services panel contains controls to enable remote access to the radio s REST API, and then set a username and password that will be used to log in. Note that this feature need only be activated when using a thirdparty monitoring system that supports REST calls. REST services require that HTTPS is enabled. REST Management - Use the slider control to turn REST on or off. Management Username - The username that will be used to log into the local device through the REST interface. Management Password - The password that will be used to log into the local device through the REST interface. Page 141

148 Help Content 2.4 GHz Console Enabling the 2.4 GHz Network Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 The 2.4 GHz wireless interface allows local browser-based configuration with any Wi-Fi capable device. This is a low power interface that performs best if accessed within 60 meters (~200 feet) of the radio. It is completely separate from the link and has no performance impact on throughput if activated. Network Mode - Choose to automatically or manually enable or disable the 2.4 GHz management network. The automatic mode turns the 2.4 GHz management network on for a limited time (defined in Console Timeout) after boot and then turns it off if there is no activity. If a user associates with the radio within the timeout period, they will not be disconnected. Console Timeout - Set the number of minutes (1-60) of inactivity that will be allowed on the 2.4 GHz interface before the turning it off in Auto mode. SSID (Local Management) - Set the SSID name for the 2.4 GHz local management interface. Channel - Select the channel on which the 2.4 GHz wireless network will operate. Recovery SSID - This is an non-editable recovery SSID that allows the device to be reset to factory defaults. This is available for 5 minutes after device boot. Disabling the 2.4 GHz management network will not impact availability of this option. The serial number of the device must be known in order to perform the factory reset. Note: If you turn off the 2.4 GHz management radio, you can still access the device through the wired LAN interface, or in-band through the 5 GHz wireless link. During the B5/B5c device reset process, the 2.4 GHz wireless interface is briefly re-enabled, and then disabled after a timeout. Page 142

149 Help Content 2.4 GHz Console Setting 2.4 GHz Network Security Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 The 2.4 GHz Security panel contains controls for managing access to the local wireless management network. Maximum Wireless Clients - Limit the maximum number of wireless clients that can simultaneously access the 2.4 GHz management interface. Encryption Key - Enter an ASCII Passphrase for gaining access to the 2.4 GHz management interface. Show Key (checkbox) - Check to display the Encryption Key in clear text for verification before saving the change. Page 143

150 Help Content Notifications Enabling SNMP Notifications Enable the SNMP service to allow SNMP requests and enable push notifications to a remote server. SNMP - Enable or disable SNMP service on the local device. SNMP Community String - Enter a string for use during client authentication. Contact - Specify an (optional) administrative contact for the SNMP system. Location - Specify the (optional) physical location for the SNMP system. Trap Server - Define the server to receive the notifications. Related: SNMP Usage Examples: Get / Walk / Table - Sample commands for retrieving values SNMP Object Names - Query values using SNMP Object Names defined within the Mimosa MIB file SNMP Traps - Configure outgoing notifications for specific events SNMP MIB Download - Available values in standard Management Information Base (MIB) format SNMP OID Reference - Summarized list of available values and where to find them on the GUI Page 144

151 Help Content Notifications Configuring SNMP Traps Define which traps (or notifications) are sent to the remote SNMP server. Critical Fault - Notification created if the device is forced to reboot. Boot/Reboot - Notification created if the system boots or reboots. Wireless Up/Down - Notification created if the device connects to (Wireless Up) or disconnects from (Wireless Down) another device. Ethernet Up/Down - Notification created if the Ethernet Port is connected (Ethernet Up) or disconnected (Ethernet Down). Ethernet Speed Change - Notification created when the Ethernet port changes from one speed (10, 100, or 1000BaseT) to another. Temperature Low/High - Notification created if the temperature falls outside of the safe range for the product. Multiple Login Attempts - Notification created if multiple failed login attempts are made from the same IP Address. Fiber Up/Down (B11) - Notification created when the SFP port is connected (Fiber) or disconnected (Down). Related: SNMP Usage Examples: Get / Walk / Table - Sample commands for retrieving values SNMP Object Names - Query values using SNMP Object Names defined within the Mimosa MIB file Page 145

152 Help Content Notifications SNMP Notifications - Enabling SNMP on products SNMP MIB Download - Available values in standard Management Information Base (MIB) format SNMP OID Reference - Summarized list of available values and where to find them on the GUI Page 146

153 Help Content Notifications Enabling System Log Notifications Enable Syslog service on the local device to send traps to a remote Syslog server. Syslog Remote Log - Enable or disable Syslog service on the local device. Transport Server - Choose the desired protocol for the Syslog connection. Note that most devices send UDP messages by default. UDP is an unreliable transmission protocol, thus messages may get lost. Choose TCP for higher reliability if any message loss is unacceptable. Remote Log IP Address - List the IP Address of the remote Syslog server to which Notifications will be sent. Remote Log Port - List the Port on the remote Syslog server to which Notifications will be sent. Page 147

154 Help Content Notifications Configuring System Log Traps Define which traps (or notifications) are sent to the remote server for the System Log. Critical Fault - Notification created if the device is forced to reboot. Boot/Reboot - Notification created if the system boots or reboots. Wireless Up/Down - Notification created if the device connects to (Wireless Up) or disconnects from (Wireless Down) another device. Ethernet Up/Down - Notification created if the Ethernet Port is connected (Ethernet Up) or disconnected (Ethernet Down). Ethernet Speed Change - Notification created when the Ethernet port changes from one speed (10, 100, or 1000 BaseT) to another. Temperature Low/High - Notification created if the temperature falls outside of the safe range for the product. Multiple Login Attempts - Notification created if multiple login attempts are made from the same IP Address. Fiber Up/Down (B11) - Notification created when the Fiber port is connected (Fiber) or disconnected (Down). Page 148

155 Help Content Firmware & Reset Performing a Firmware Update The Firmware Update panel displays the current firmware version and date, and allows the user to upload a new firmware image. The latest firmware image may be downloaded from help.mimosa.co. Alternately, firmware can be pushed to the device automatically through the Manage application at manage.mimosa.co. Installed Version - The currently installed firmware version. Build Date - The date that the installed firmware was created. Image File - Update to the latest firmware. Click the Choose File button to select a file for upload the file. When performing a Firmware upgrade, it is advisable to reboot and then upgrade the remote side of the link before the local side. If there is a problem during the upgrade you will still have access to one of the radios within the link and can manage the link details. The firmware update process occurs in four phases: 1. Upload - Selecting a firmware image and uploading to the radio 2. Verification - Ensuring that the firmware image is complete and without errors 3. Upgrade - Writing the new firmware image to flash memory 4. Reboot - Restarting with the new firmware image (~90 seconds) Once the remote radio enters the Upgrade phase, it is generally safe to begin the Upload phase to the local radio. Alternately, the Mimosa Manage application offers a parallel upgrade feature which sends the firmware image to both radios, and once both radios receive and verify the image, they upgrade at the same time and reboot in an order that you specify. Page 149

156 Help Content Firmware & Reset Reset & Reboot the Device Reboot the device or reset it to its original factory settings. Factory Reset Device - Clears all configuration settings and locks the device. WARNING: This will delete ALL saved configuration settings and return the device to the locked factory state. You will be required to re-enter your unlock key upon device reset. The current version of firmware will remain, however. Reset Device Configuration - Clears all configuration settings. The device will remain unlocked. Reset Device Unlock - Locks the device and resets the country code. WARNING: You will be required to re-enter your unlock key upon reset. Reboot Device - Restarts the device. Page 150

157 Help Content Backup & Restore Backup or Restore Configuration Settings The Backup and Restore Configuration panel contains controls for managing configuration settings files. Backup Current Configuration - Perform a configuration backup by downloading the mimosa.conf file. Restore Configuration - Click the Choose File button to upload a previously saved mimosa.conf file. Page 151

158 Help Content Tests Diagnostic Tests Three types of tests are available within the Diagnostics section: Ping, Bandwidth and Traceroute. Ping Test A low level ICMP test which indicates whether the target host is reachable from the local device. Destination Host - The destination IP Address of the device to ping. Packet Count - The number of packets to transmit during a ping. Packet Size - The size of each packet to transmit during a ping. Run Test - Click on the Run Test button to ping the destination IP address. Results are shown in the corresponding table. Bandwidth Test A manual test to assess maximum throughput when minimal or no traffic is present. This test sends 1500-byte packets using a proprietary UDP-like protocol. Results are shown in corresponding graph on this page. Note that bandwidth test data is excluded from the Dashboard Performance graph. This is because the test is conducted by transmitting packets at a low layer between the two radios. Navigating away from this page will stop the test. The bandwidth test is only available when the devices are associated in PTP mode. Test Duration - The length of the bandwidth test in seconds. Test - Select one of the following options to assess the maximum throughput: Local to Remote - Unidirectional test from the local device to the remote device Remote to Local - Unidirectional test from the remote device to the local device Transmit then Receive - Bidirectional tests conducted in series Simultaneous - Bidirectional test conducted in parallel Traceroute Test A network utility used to display the path and transit delay between the local device and a given destination across an IP network. Destination Host - The destination IP address for traceroute to send packets. Resolve IP Address - Indicate whether the system should resolve and print the host name of the destination. Max Number of Hops - Choose the maximum number of intermediate devices (e.g. routers) through which packets must pass between source and destination. Run Test - Click on the Run Test button to begin the traceroute test. Results are shown in the corresponding table. Page 152

159 Help Content Tests Running a Ping Test A low level ICMP test which indicates whether the target host is reachable from the local device. Destination Host - The destination IP Address of the device to ping. Packet Count - The number of packets to transmit during a ping. Packet Size - The size of each packet to transmit during a ping. Run Test - Click on the Run Test button to ping the destination IP address. Results are shown in corresponding table. Page 153

160 Help Content Tests Running a Bandwidth Test A manual test to assess maximum throughput when minimal or no traffic is present. This test sends 1500-byte packets using a proprietary UDP-like protocol. Results are shown in corresponding graph on this page. Note that bandwidth test data is excluded from the Dashboard Performance graph. This is because the test is conducted by transmitting packets at a low layer between the two radios. Navigating away from this page will stop the test. The bandwidth test is only available when devices are associated in PTP mode. Test Duration - The length of the bandwidth test in seconds. Test - Select one of the following options to assess the maximum throughput: Local to Remote - Unidirectional test from the local device to the remote device Remote to Local - Unidirectional test from the remote device to the local device Transmit then Receive - Bidirectional tests conducted one after the other Simultaneous - Bidirectional test conducted at the same time Page 154

161 Help Content Tests Running a Traceroute Test A network utility used to display the path and transit delay between the local device and a given destination across an IP network. Destination Host - The destination IP address for traceroute to send packets. Resolve IP Address - Indicate whether the system should resolve and print the host name of the destination. Max Number of Hops - Choose the maximum number of intermediate devices (e.g. routers) through which packets must pass between source and destination. Page 155

162 Help Content Logs Diagnostic Logs View Events and download diagnostic information to share with Mimosa Support. Event Log - This is a persistent (non-volatile) log of all significant events that occur. Support Info - Download a single file containing all information required by Mimosa Support to help with troubleshooting. Page 156

163 Help Content REST API Mimosa REST API Mimosa provides a REST API that allows developers to access information from our hardware products, such as configuration and status, for integration with third-party applications and services. Using the API There are four calls available through the REST API to access different types of information: Device Status, Device Information, Ethernet Data, and Link Information. Each REST API request returns an XML response object. Accessing the API All requests to the APIs require authentication. Authentication requires completing both of the following actions: 1. Enable HTTPS within the device GUI. NOTE: For security reasons, REST can not be enabled until HTTPS is activated. This will also activate HTTPS for access to the GUI. 2. Enable REST Management within the device s embedded GUI, and assign a REST-specific Management Username and Password. 3. Include the Management Username and Management Password parameters in the Request URL. Note: When using REST Services please be sure to enable HTTPS. Page 157

164 Help Content REST API GET Device Status Returns device status found on the Mimosa embedded Dashboard. Resource URL Resource Information Response Formats XML Requires Authentication Yes (Username / Password), must also be set in the Mimosa embedded GUI. Parameters DEVICE-IP Required The Management IP Address assigned to the Mimosa Device. Example: REST-USERNAME Required The REST Management username as set in the REST Services Panel within the Mimosa embedded GUI. Example: mimosacloud REST-PASSWORD Required The REST Management password as set in the REST Services Panel within the Mimosa embedded GUI. Example: pass123 Request Format GET Example Request GET Example Response Page 158

165 Help Content REST API <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <response status="ok"> <mimosacontent> <values> <SignalStrength> </SignalStrength> <TxRate>650</TxRate> <RxRate>650</RxRate> <Noise> </Noise> <Chains_1_2> MHz</Chains_1_2> <Chains_3_4> MHz</Chains_3_4> <Tx_Power>0</Tx_Power> <Tx_Phys_Rate>650</Tx_Phys_Rate> <Rx_Phys_Rate>650</Rx_Phys_Rate> <Rx_MCS>7</Rx_MCS> <Details> <_ELEMENT index="1"> <Tx /> <Rx /> <Noise>-27.0</Noise> <Encoding /> </_ELEMENT> <_ELEMENT index="2"> <Tx /> <Rx /> <Noise>-27.8</Noise> <Encoding /> </_ELEMENT> <_ELEMENT index="3"> <Tx /> <Rx /> <Noise>0.0</Noise> <Encoding /> </_ELEMENT> <_ELEMENT index="4"> <Tx /> <Rx /> <Noise>0.0</Noise> <Encoding /> </_ELEMENT> </Details> <Noise2 /> </values> <errors /> </mimosacontent> <mimosastatus> <status>0</status> <message>command succeeded</message> </mimosastatus> <mimosasession>4lijtluaodqer2jp90nddednf5</mimosasession> </response> Page 159

166 Help Content REST API Glossary Signal Strength The current signal level (in dbm) for the established link. TxRate The current IP transmit throughput rate (in Mbps) for the established link. RxRate The current IP receive throughput rate (in Mbps) for the established link. Noise The receive noise level for the established link. Chains_1_2 The frequency range for chains 1 and 2. Chains_3_4 The frequency range for chains 3 and 4. Tx_Power The transmit power level for the channel. Tx_Phys_Rate The half-duplex transmit PHY rate. Rx_Phys_Rate The half-duplex receive PHY rate. Rx_MCS The current MCS index for the established link. Page 160

167 Help Content REST API GET Device Info Returns detailed device information found in the summary tables of the Device Details panel of the Mimosa embedded GUI. Resource URL Resource Information Response Formats XML Requires Authentication Yes (Username / Password), must also be set in the Mimosa embedded GUI. Parameters DEVICE-IP Required The Management IP Address assigned to the Mimosa Device. Example: REST-USERNAME Required The REST Management username as set in the REST Services Panel within the Mimosa embedded GUI. Example: mimosacloud REST-PASSWORD Required The REST Management password as set in the REST Services Panel within the Mimosa embedded GUI. Example: pass123 Request Format GET Example Request GET Example Response Page 161

168 Help Content REST API <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <response status="ok"> <mimosacontent> <values> <DeviceName>Mimosa-Test-Link</DeviceName> <Description /> <InstallDate /> <Model>B02</Model> <DeviceMode>Access point</devicemode> <SerialNumber> </SerialNumber> <Version> </Version> <Country>United States</Country> <Temperature>35.4</Temperature> <LastReboot>11d 7h 46m 46s</LastReboot> <IPAddress> </IPAddress> <WLANMAC>20:B5:C6:00:07:50</WLANMAC> <WANMAC>20:B5:C6:00:07:51</WANMAC> <GigabitEthernetPort>20:B5:C6:00:07:50</GigabitEthernetPort> <WirelessMode>802.11</WirelessMode> <NumberOfAntenna>2</NumberOfAntenna> <CableLength>100</CableLength> <Location> </Location> <BuildDate> :09:00 (UTC -0800)</BuildDate> <UnlockCode>YKD6ZQ3FZ</UnlockCode> </values> <errors /> </mimosacontent> <mimosastatus> <status>0</status> <message>command succeeded</message> </mimosastatus> <mimosasession>4lijtluaodqer2jp90nddednf5</mimosasession> </response> Glossary DeviceName The device friendly name for the local device. Description The detailed device description (up to 150 characters) for administrative purposes InstallDate The installation date used to track when the device was installed. Model Model of the Mimosa Product DeviceMode The listing of whether the device is the Access Point or Station. SerialNumber The unique identifier for the device assigned at the factory Version The currently installed version of the firmware Country The regulatory domain (country) in which the device has been configured to run. Page 162

169 Help Content Temperature The measured temperature inside the device. LastReboot The date and time at which the device last rebooted. IPAddress The IP address of the device. WLANMAC The wireless LAN MAC address. WANMAC The 5 GHz radio MAC address. GigabitEthernetPort The unique identifier for the physical Ethernet interface. WirelessMode N/A Number of Antennas N/A Cable Length N/A Location The GPS longitude and latitude coordinates for the device. Build Date The date that the installed firmware was created. Unlock Code Displays the code to unlock the device. REST API Page 163

170 Help Content REST API GET Ethernet Configuration Returns detailed device networking information found in the Preferences Management page of the Mimosa embedded GUI. Resource URL Resource Information Response Formats XML Requires Authentication Yes (Username / Password), must also be set in the Mimosa embedded GUI. Parameters DEVICE-IP Required The Management IP Address assigned to the Mimosa Device. Example: REST-USERNAME Required The REST Management username as set in the REST Services Panel within the Mimosa embedded GUI. Example: mimosacloud REST-PASSWORD Required The REST Management password as set in the REST Services Panel within the Mimosa embedded GUI. Example: pass123 Request Format GET Example Request GET Example Response Page 164

171 Help Content REST API <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <response status="ok"> <mimosacontent> <values> <PortSpeed>Auto</PortSpeed> <SpanningTree>0</SpanningTree> <IPAddressMode>Static</IPAddressMode> <CurrIP> </CurrIP> <CurrNetmask> </CurrNetmask> <CurrGateway> </CurrGateway> <CurrDNS1> </CurrDNS1> <CurrDNS2> </CurrDNS2> <StaticIP> </StaticIP> <StaticNetmask> </StaticNetmask> <StaticGateway> </StaticGateway> <StaticDNS1> </StaticDNS1> <StaticDNS2> </StaticDNS2> <Curr> <IP> </IP> <Netmask> </Netmask> <Gateway> </Gateway> <PrimaryDNS> </PrimaryDNS> <SecondaryDNS> </SecondaryDNS> </Curr> <Static> <IP> </IP> <Netmask> </Netmask> <Gateway> </Gateway> <PrimaryDNS> </PrimaryDNS> <SecondaryDNS> </SecondaryDNS> </Static> <ActualIP> </ActualIP> <MTU>1500</MTU> </values> <errors /> </mimosacontent> <mimosastatus> <status>0</status> <message>command succeeded</message> </mimosastatus> <mimosasession>4lijtluaodqer2jp90nddednf5</mimosasession> </response> Glossary PortSpeed The Ethernet Port Speed (in Mbps) for the device. (Options include: Auto, 10/100/1000) SpanningTree N/A IPAddressMode Lists the preferred mode of network addressing Page 165

172 Help Content CurrIP The network address used to manage the device. CurrGateway The gateway address for the subnet. CurrDNS1 The default DNS server IP Address. CurrDNS2 The backup DNS server IP Address. REST API Page 166

173 Help Content REST API GET Link Info Returns detailed link information typically found in the Wireless section of the Mimosa embedded GUI. Resource URL Resource Information Response Formats XML Requires Authentication Yes (Username / Password), must also be set in the Mimosa embedded GUI. Parameters DEVICE-IP Required The Management IP Address assigned to the Mimosa Device. Example: REST-USERNAME Required The REST Management username as set in the REST Services Panel within the Mimosa embedded GUI. Example: mimosacloud REST-PASSWORD Required The REST Management password as set in the REST Services Panel within the Mimosa embedded GUI. Example: pass123 Request Format GET Example Request GET Example Response Page 167

174 Help Content REST API <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <response status="ok"> <mimosacontent> <values> <LinkName>HECPLINK</LinkName> <MaxCapacity /> <Distance>150</Distance> <Frequency>5090 MHz (ch 18)</Frequency> <BandWidth>80</BandWidth> <PacketsReceived> </PacketsReceived> <PacketsSent> </PacketsSent> <BytesReceived> </BytesReceived> <BytesSent> </BytesSent> </values> <errors /> </mimosacontent> <mimosastatus> <status>0</status> <message>command succeeded</message> </mimosastatus> <mimosasession>4lijtluaodqer2jp90nddednf5</mimosasession> </response> Glossary LinkName The friendly name to describe the link between the Access Point (AP) and Station MaxCapacity N/A Distance Link Distance In km Frequency The center frequency of the selected channel width and its associated channel number. BandWidth The channel width (in MHz) for the radio. PacketsReceived The number of packets received on this link. PacketsSent The number of packets sent on this link. BytesReceived The number of bytes received on this link. BytesSent The number of bytes sent on this link. Page 168

175 Help Content REST API GET Device Reboot Reboots the device. Resource URL Resource Information Response Formats XML Requires Authentication Yes (Username / Password), must also be set in the Mimosa embedded GUI. Parameters DEVICE-IP Required The Management IP Address assigned to the Mimosa Device. Example: REST-USERNAME Required The REST Management username as set in the REST Services Panel within the Mimosa embedded GUI. Example: mimosacloud REST-PASSWORD Required The REST Management password as set in the REST Services Panel within the Mimosa embedded GUI. Example: pass123 Request Format GET Example Request GET Example Response Device Reboots Page 169

176 Help Content SNMP Interface SNMP MIB Downloads Mimosa devices support SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c. Click the links below to view and download the Mimosa SNMP Management Information Base (MIB) files which describe the available information for each device. Alternately, you can monitor your devices using the Manage application. Date MIB File Description MIMOSA-MIB.txt Generic Mimosa MIB which describes root of Mimosa, Mimosa product IDs and Mimosa specific traps MIMOSA-MIB-B5.txt B5 Backhaul product family specific MIB. Notes: On linux-based operating systems, MIB files are stored at one of the following paths: /usr/share/snmp/mibs or /usr/share/mibs/netsnmp. Some third-party software packages require either a.mib or.my file extension to import these files. Related: SNMP Usage Examples: Get / Walk / Table - Sample commands for retrieving values SNMP Object Names - Query values using SNMP Object Names defined within the Mimosa MIB file SNMP Notifications - Enabling SNMP on products SNMP Traps - Configure outgoing notifications for specific events SNMP OID Reference - Summarized list of available values and where to find them on the GUI Page 170

177 Help Content SNMP Interface SNMP OID Reference Many SNMP implementations simply provide a MIB which requires a fair amount of study to locate specific values. We took it a step further and summarized them below for easy reference. Each table shows what values are available and where to find them within the GUI for comparison. General Information OID Object Output Example UI Location mimosadevicename.0 STRING: My B5 Radio Preferences > General > Naming > Device Friendly Name mimosaserialnumber.0 STRING: Overview > Dashboard > Device Details > Serial Number (Local) mimosafirmwareversion.0 STRING: Overview > Dashboard > Device Details > Firmware (Local) mimosafirmwarebuilddate.0 STRING: :29:26 (UTC 0700) Preferences > Firmware & Reset > Firmware Update > Build Date mimosalastreboottime.0 STRING: :54:42 (UTC +0000) Overview > Dashboard > Device Details > Last Reboot (Local) mimosaunlockcode.0 STRING: 8MEDWLWMN Preferences > General > Miscellaneous > Unlock Code mimosaledbrightness.0 INTEGER: auto(1) Preferences > General > Miscellaneous > LED Brightness mimosainternaltemp.0 INTEGER: 382 C1 Overview > Dashboard > Device Details > Internal Temp or CPU Temp (Local) mimosaregulatorydomain.0 STRING: United States Wireless > Channel & Power > Exclusions & Restrictions > Regulatory Domain Location Information OID Object Output Example UI Location Page 171

178 Help Content SNMP Interface mimosalongitude.0 INTEGER: Wireless > Location > Location Data > Latitude (Local) mimosalatitude.0 INTEGER: Wireless > Location > Location Data > Longitude (Local) mimosaaltitude.0 INTEGER: 65 meters Wireless > Location > Location Data > Altitude (Local) mimosasatellitesnr.0 INTEGER: 380 db1 Wireless > Location > Satellite Information > Satellite Avg SNR mimosasatellitestrength.0 INTEGER: good(1) Wireless > Location > Satellite Information > Satellite Signal Strength mimosagpssatellites.0 INTEGER: 11 Wireless > Location > Satellite Information > Total Satellites > GPS mimosaglonasssatellites.0 INTEGER: 8 Wireless > Location > Satellite Information > Total Satellites > GLONASS mimosaclockaccuracy.0 INTEGER: 156 PPB 2 Wireless > Location > Satellite Information > Clock Accuracy TDMA Settings OID Object Output Example UI Location mimosawirelessmode.0 INTEGER: station(2) Wireless > Link > TDMA Configuration > Wireless Mode mimosawirelessprotocol.0 INTEGER: tdma(1) Wireless > Link > TDMA Configuration > Wireless Protocol mimosatdmamode.0 INTEGER: A(1) Wireless > Link > TDMA Configuration > Gender Traffic Split mimosatdmawindow.0 INTEGER: 4 ms Wireless > Link > TDMA Configuration > TDMA Window mimosatrafficsplit.0 INTEGER: symmetric(1) Wireless > Link > TDMA Configuration > Gender Traffic Split Page 172

179 Help Content SNMP Interface Radio Information Chains Table OID Object Output Example UI Location mimosachaintable Formatted Table Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains mimosatxpower.1 INTEGER: 10 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 1 > Tx Power mimosatxpower.2 INTEGER: 10 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 2 > Tx Power mimosatxpower.3 INTEGER: 10 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 3 > Tx Power mimosatxpower.4 INTEGER: 10 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 4 > Tx Power mimosarxpower.1 INTEGER: -500 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 1 > Rx Power mimosarxpower.2 INTEGER: -500 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 2 > Rx Power mimosarxpower.3 INTEGER: -500 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 3 > Rx Power mimosarxpower.4 INTEGER: -500 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 4 > Rx Power mimosarxnoise.1 INTEGER: -800 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 1 > Rx Noise mimosarxnoise.2 INTEGER: -800 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 2 > Rx Noise mimosarxnoise.3 INTEGER: -800 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 3 > Rx Noise Page 173

180 Help Content SNMP Interface mimosarxnoise.4 INTEGER: -800 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 4 > Rx Noise mimosasnr.1 INTEGER: 300 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 1 > SNR mimosasnr.2 INTEGER: 300 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 2 > SNR mimosasnr.3 INTEGER: 300 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 3 > SNR mimosasnr.4 INTEGER: 300 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 4 > SNR mimosacenterfreq.1 INTEGER: 5305 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 1 > Center Freq mimosacenterfreq.2 INTEGER: 5305 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 2 > Center Freq mimosacenterfreq.3 INTEGER: 5225 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 3 > Center Freq mimosacenterfreq.4 INTEGER: 5225 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 4 > Center Freq Polarization.1 INTEGER: horizontal(1) Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 1 > Polarization Polarization.2 INTEGER: vertical(2) Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 2 > Polarization Polarization.3 INTEGER: horizontal(1) Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 3 > Polarization Polarization.4 INTEGER: vertical(2) Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Chains > Chain 4 > Polarization Page 174

181 Help Content SNMP Interface Streams Table OID Object Output Example UI Location mimosastreamtable Formatted Table Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams mimosatxphy.1 INTEGER: 390 Mbps Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 1 > Tx PHY mimosatxphy.2 INTEGER: 390 Mbps Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 2 > Tx PHY mimosatxphy.3 INTEGER: 390 Mbps Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 3 > Tx PHY mimosatxphy.4 INTEGER: 390 Mbps Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 4 > Tx PHY mimosatxmcs.1 INTEGER: 8 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 1 > Tx MCS mimosatxmcs.2 INTEGER: 8 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 2 > Tx MCS mimosatxmcs.3 INTEGER: 8 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 3 > Tx MCS mimosatxmcs.4 INTEGER: 8 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 4 > Tx MCS mimosatxwidth.1 INTEGER: 80 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 1 > Tx Width mimosatxwidth.2 INTEGER: 80 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 2 > Tx Width mimosatxwidth.3 INTEGER: 80 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 3 > Tx Width Page 175

182 Help Content SNMP Interface mimosatxwidth.4 INTEGER: 80 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 4 > Tx Width mimosarxphy.1 INTEGER: 433 Mbps Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 1 > Rx PHY mimosarxphy.2 INTEGER: 433 Mbps Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 2 > Rx PHY mimosarxphy.3 INTEGER: 433 Mbps Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 3 > Rx PHY mimosarxphy.4 INTEGER: 433 Mbps Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 4 > Rx PHY mimosarxmcs.1 INTEGER: 9 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 1 > Rx MCS mimosarxmcs.2 INTEGER: 9 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 2 > Rx MCS mimosarxmcs.3 INTEGER: 9 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 3 > Rx MCS mimosarxmcs.4 INTEGER: 9 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 4 > Rx MCS mimosarxwidth.1 INTEGER: 80 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 1 > Rx Width mimosarxwidth.2 INTEGER: 80 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 2 > Rx Width mimosarxwidth.3 INTEGER: 80 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 3 > Rx Width mimosarxwidth.4 INTEGER: 80 MHz Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 4 > Rx Width Page 176

183 Help Content SNMP Interface mimosarxevm.1 INTEGER: -283 db1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 1 > Rx EVM mimosarxevm.2 INTEGER: -283 db1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 2 > Rx EVM mimosarxevm.3 INTEGER: -283 db1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 3 > Rx EVM mimosarxevm.4 INTEGER: -283 db1 Overview > Dashboard > MIMO Status > Streams > Stream 4 > Rx EVM Channel & Power Settings OID Object Output Example UI Location mimosachannelmode.1 INTEGER: bidirectional(3) Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings > Channel Width (Channel 1) mimosachannelmode.2 INTEGER: bidirectional(3) Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings > Channel Width (Channel 2) mimosachannelwidth.1 INTEGER: 80 MHz Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings > Channel Width (Channel 1) mimosachannelwidth.2 INTEGER: 80 MHz Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings > Channel Width (Channel 2) mimosachanneltxpower.1 INTEGER: 40 dbm1 Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings > Tx Power mimosachanneltxpower.2 INTEGER: 40 dbm1 Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings > Tx Power 2 Page 177

184 Help Content SNMP Interface mimosachannelcenterfreq.1 INTEGER: 5305 MHz Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings > Center Frequency mimosachannelcenterfreq.2 INTEGER: 5225 MHz Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings > Center Frequency mimosaantennagain.0 INTEGER: 30 dbi Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings > Antenna Gain (B5c Only) mimosatotaltxpower.0 INTEGER: 70 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > Signal Meter > Tx Power mimosatotalrxpower.0 INTEGER: -436 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > Signal Meter > Rx Power (unlabeled) mimosatargetsignalstrength.0 INTEGER: -500 dbm1 Overview > Dashboard > Signal Meter > Target WAN Information OID Object Output Example UI Location mimosawanssid.0 STRING: 5G_SSID Wireless > Link > Link Configuration > SSID mimosawanmac.0 Hex-STRING: 20 B5 C Overview > Dashboard > Device Details > 5 GHz MAC (Local) mimosawanstatus.0 INTEGER: connected(1) Overview > Dashboard > Wireless Status mimosawanuptime.0 Timeticks: ( ) 2 days, 3:35:13.00 Overview > Dashboard > Link Uptime Performance Information OID Object Output Example UI Location mimosaphytxrate.0 INTEGER: kbps2 Overview > Dashboard > Performance > Throughput > Tx Page 178

185 Help Content SNMP Interface mimosaphyrxrate.0 INTEGER: kbps2 Overview > Dashboard > Performance > Throughput > Rx mimosapertxrate.0 INTEGER: 0.27 %2 Overview > Dashboard > Performance > PER > Tx mimosaperrxrate.0 INTEGER: 0.73 %2 Overview > Dashboard > Performance > PER > Rx Management Information OID Object Output Example UI Location mimosanetworkmode.0 INTEGER: auto(3) Preferences > 2.4 GHz Console > 2.4 GHz Network > Network Mode mimosarecoveryssid.0 STRING: mimosar456 Not Shown on UI (fixed at factory) mimosalocalssid.0 STRING: mimosam456 Preferences > 2.4 GHz Console > 2.4 GHz Network > SSID (Local Management) mimosalocalchannel.0 INTEGER: 6 Preferences > 2.4 GHz Console > 2.4 GHz Network > Channel mimosaconsoletimeout.0 INTEGER: 10 min Preferences > 2.4 GHz Console > 2.4 GHz Network > Console Timeout mimosamaxclients.0 INTEGER: 3 Preferences > 2.4 GHz Console > 2.4 GHz Security > Maximum Wireless Clients mimosalocalmac.0 Hex-STRING: 20 B5 C Overview > Dashboard > Device Details > 2.4 GHz MAC (Local) mimosalocalipaddr.0 IpAddress: Preferences > Management > Management IP > IP Address mimosalocalnetmask.0 IpAddress: Preferences > Management > Management IP > Netmask mimosalocalgateway.0 IpAddress: Preferences > Management > Management IP > Gateway Page 179

186 Help Content SNMP Interface mimosaflowcontrol.0 INTEGER: disabled(2) Preferences > Management > Miscellaneous > Flow Control Services Information OID Object Output Example UI Location mimosahttpsenabled.0 INTEGER: disabled(2) Preferences > Management > Services > Enable HTTPS mimosamgmtvlanenabled.0 INTEGER: disabled(2) Preferences > Management > Management VLAN > Enable mimosamgmtcloudenabled.0 INTEGER: enabled(1) Preferences > Management > Miscellaneous > Mimosa Cloud Management mimosarestmgmtenabled.0 INTEGER: enabled(1) Preferences > Management > REST Services > REST Management mimosapingwatchdogenabled.0 INTEGER: disabled(2) Preferences > Management > Watchdog > IP Ping Watchdog mimosasyslogenabled.0 INTEGER: disabled(2) Preferences > Notifications > System Log Notifications > Syslog Remote Log mimosantpmode.0 INTEGER: standard(2) Preferences > General > Time > NTP Server mimosantpserver.0 STRING: time.nist.gov Preferences > General > Time > NTP Server Footnotes Some floating point values are represented as integers to ease CPU loading: 1 - Integer value contains one digit of decimal precision (divide by 10 to shift decimal) 2 - Integer value contains two digits of decimal precision (divide by 100 to shift decimal) 3 - Integer value contains five digits of decimal precision (divide by 100,000 to shift decimal) Page 180

187 Help Content SNMP Interface Related: SNMP Usage Examples: Get / Walk / Table - Sample commands for retrieving values SNMP Object Names - Query values using SNMP Object Names defined within the Mimosa MIB file SNMP Notifications - Enabling SNMP on products SNMP Traps - Configure outgoing notifications for specific events SNMP MIB Download - Available values in standard Management Information Base (MIB) format Page 181

188 Help Content SNMP Usage Examples SNMP Get Description Retrieves a single management value using SNMP GET requests Syntax snmpget -v 1 -c [COMMUNITY STRING] [IP ADDRESS] [OID] Examples (Rx signal strength) snmpget -v 1 -c public MIMOSA-NETWORKS-BFIVE-MIB::mimosaTotalRxPower.0 = INTEGER: dbm Related: SNMP Usage Examples: Get / Walk / Table - Sample commands for retrieving values SNMP Object Names - Query values using SNMP Object Names defined within the Mimosa MIB file SNMP Notifications - Enabling SNMP on products SNMP Traps - Configure outgoing notifications for specific events SNMP MIB Download - Available values in standard Management Information Base (MIB) format SNMP OID Reference - Summarized list of available values and where to find them on the GUI Page 182

189 Help Content SNMP Usage Examples SNMP Walk Description Retrieves a subtree of management values using SNMP GETNEXT requests Syntax snmpwalk -v 1 -c [COMMUNITY STRING] [IP ADDRESS] [OID] Example (List of Tx power on all chains) snmpwalk -v 1 -c public MIMOSA-NETWORKS-BFIVE-MIB::mimosaTxPower.1 = INTEGER: 1.0 dbm MIMOSA-NETWORKS-BFIVE-MIB::mimosaTxPower.2 = INTEGER: 1.0 dbm MIMOSA-NETWORKS-BFIVE-MIB::mimosaTxPower.3 = INTEGER: 1.0 dbm MIMOSA-NETWORKS-BFIVE-MIB::mimosaTxPower.4 = INTEGER: 1.0 dbm Related: SNMP Usage Examples: Get / Walk / Table - Sample commands for retrieving values SNMP Object Names - Query values using SNMP Object Names defined within the Mimosa MIB file SNMP Notifications - Enabling SNMP on products SNMP Traps - Configure outgoing notifications for specific events SNMP MIB Download - Available values in standard Management Information Base (MIB) format SNMP OID Reference - Summarized list of available values and where to find them on the GUI Page 183

190 Help Content SNMP Usage Examples SNMP Table Description Retrieves an SNMP table and displays it in tabular form Syntax snmptable -v 1 -c [COMMUNITY STRING] [IP ADDRESS] [OID] Example (Streams Table) snmptable -v 1 -c mimosa SNMP table: MIMOSA-NETWORKS-BFIVE-MIB::mimosaStreamTable mimosatxphy mimosatxmcs mimosarxphy mimosarxmcs mimosarxevm 390 Mbps Mbps db 390 Mbps Mbps db 390 Mbps Mbps db 390 Mbps Mbps db Related: SNMP Usage Examples: Get / Walk / Table - Sample commands for retrieving values SNMP Object Names - Query values using SNMP Object Names defined within the Mimosa MIB file SNMP Notifications - Enabling SNMP on products SNMP Traps - Configure outgoing notifications for specific events SNMP MIB Download - Available values in standard Management Information Base (MIB) format SNMP OID Reference - Summarized list of available values and where to find them on the GUI Page 184

191 Help Content SNMP Usage Examples Using SNMP Object Names Substitute object names for OIDs within an SNMP query so long as the MIB files are saved to your MIB directory. Notes: On linux-based operating systems, MIB files are stored at one of the following paths: /usr/share/snmp/mibs or /usr/share/mibs/netsnmp. Some third-party software packages require either a.mib or.my file extension to import these files. Preparing the Environment After placing the MIB files in the appropriate directory, you may need to point to them by setting environmental variables at the terminal command line in linux-based operating systems: export MIBS=all export MIBDIRS=/usr/share/snmp/mibs Examples Device Name snmpget -v 1 -c public mimosadevicename.0 MIMOSA-NETWORKS-BFIVE-MIB::mimosaDeviceName.0 = STRING: My B5 Radio Chains Table snmptable -v 1 -c public mimosachaintable SNMP table: MIMOSA-NETWORKS-BFIVE-MIB::mimosaChainTable mimosatxpower mimosarxpower mimosarxnoise mimosasnr mimosacenterfreq mimosapolarization 1.0 dbm dbm dbm 31.1 db 5305 MHz horizontal 1.0 dbm dbm dbm 31.4 db 5305 MHz vertical 1.0 dbm dbm dbm 33.9 db 5225 MHz horizontal 1.0 dbm dbm dbm 34.1 db 5225 MHz vertical Related: SNMP Usage Examples: Get / Walk / Table - Sample commands for retrieving values SNMP Notifications - Enabling SNMP on products SNMP Traps - Configure outgoing notifications for specific events SNMP MIB Download - Available values in standard Management Information Base (MIB) format Page 185

192 Help Content SNMP Usage Examples SNMP OID Reference - Summarized list of available values and where to find them on the GUI Page 186

193 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting Overview Troubleshooting Categories Power / Ethernet B5/B5c LED Status Indicators B5-Lite LED Status Indicators B11 LED Status Indicators Port flapping between 100/1000BaseT Unknown IP Address GPS Signals No / Poor GPS Association (Link) RF Tuning Throughput Radios not associated Low TCP Throughput Reset Procedure High PER Low SNR Low Rx Power B5/B5c and B11 B5-Lite Intermittent Ping/GUI Access Intermittent Access Page 187

194 Help Content LED Status Indicators B5/B5c External LED Status Indicators Product Applicability: B5/B5c Three LED indicators on the outside of the case communicate operational status: Power, Ethernet, and Wireless. B5 Status LED Indicators The B5 Backhaul LED indicators are located on the back of the case and show both labels and symbols. B5c Status LED Indicators The B5c Backhaul LED indicators are located on the front of the case, and show only labels. Page 188

195 Help Content LED Status Indicators The tables below describe the meaning of each LED's state: Off, On (solid), On (blinking), and Color. Power Status LED Table The Power Status LED indicates the presence of power, and communicates boot and firmware update status. State LED Description Off No Power to Device Blinking Green (Slow) Device Booting / Rebooting Blinking Green (Fast) Firmware Update in Progress Page 189

196 Help Content LED Status Indicators Solid Green Ready (Operational) Blinking Yellow Update Failed (Invalid Firmware Image)1 Solid Red Wiring Error or Boot Error2 1 Please visit the Firmware page to download the latest image. 2 Please check wiring, cycle power, and then contact Mimosa Support if necessary. Ethernet Status LED Table The Ethernet Status LED indicates the negotiated port speed for the wired network connection. The device is designed to perform best with a 1000BASE-T connection. While other port speeds are possible, they are not recommended because they create a data bottleneck that reduces end-to-end throughput. State LED Description Off No Ethernet Connection Solid Green 1000BASE-T Blinking Green 1000BASE-T with Traffic Solid Yellow 100BASE-T Blinking Yellow 100BASE-T with Traffic Solid Red 10BASE-T Blinking Red 10BASE-T with Traffic Wireless Status LED Table The Wireless Status LED indicates a link between local and remote devices. The blink rate represents received signal strength, which is useful while aiming the local device. State LED Description Off Not Associated (No Link) Solid Blue Associated (Linked) Blinking Blue Associated; Blink rate proportional to signal strength* * Ranges from 1 Hz (one blink per second at -90 dbm or less) to 10 Hz (one blink per 100 ms at -50 dbm or greater). Page 190

197 Help Content LED Status Indicators B5-Lite LED Status Indicators Product Applicability: B5-Lite Two LED indicators are located on the RJ-45 jack to communicate operational status: Ethernet (Yellow) and Power/Wireless (Green). The tables below describe the meaning of each LED's state: Off, On (solid), On (blinking), and Color. Power / Rx Signal Status LED Table The Power / Rx Signal Status LED indicates the presence of power, and communicates Rx signal strength. State LED Description Off No Power to Device / Error1 Solid Green Power On Blinking Green Associated; Blink rate proportional to signal strength2 1 Please check wiring, cycle power, and then contact Mimosa Support if necessary. 2 Ranges from 1 Hz (one blink per second at -90 dbm or less) to 10 Hz (one blink per 100 ms at -50 dbm or greater). Ethernet Status LED Table The Ethernet Status LED indicates activity for the wired network connection. The device is designed to perform best with a 1000BASE-T connection. While other port speeds are possible, they are not recommended because they create a data bottleneck that reduces end-to-end throughput. State LED Description Off No Ethernet Connection / No Activity Blinking Yellow Ethernet Activity Page 191

198 Help Content LED Status Indicators B11 External LED Status Indicators Product Applicability: B11 Three LED indicators on the outside of the case communicate operational status: Power, Ethernet, and Wireless. The tables below describe the meaning of each LED's state: Off, On (solid), On (blinking), and Color. Power Status LED Table The Power Status LED indicates the presence of power, and communicates boot and firmware update status. State LED Description Page 192

199 Help Content LED Status Indicators Off No Power to Device Blinking Green (Slow) Device Booting / Rebooting Blinking Green (Fast) Firmware Update in Progress Solid Green Ready (Operational) Blinking Yellow Update Failed (Invalid Firmware Image)1 Solid Red After 10 seconds, Wiring Error or Boot Error2 1 Please visit the Firmware page to download the latest image. 2 Please check wiring, cycle power, and then contact Mimosa Support if necessary. Ethernet Status LED Table The Ethernet Status LED indicates the negotiated port speed for the wired network connection. The device is designed to perform best with a 1000BASE-T connection. While other port speeds are possible, they are not recommended because they create a data bottleneck that reduces end-to-end throughput. State LED Description Off No Ethernet Connection Solid Green 1000BASE-T Blinking Green 1000BASE-T with Traffic Solid Yellow 100BASE-T Blinking Yellow 100BASE-T with Traffic Solid Red 10BASE-T Blinking Red 10BASE-T with Traffic Wireless Status LED Table The Wireless Status LED indicates a link between local and remote devices. The blink rate represents received signal strength, which is useful while aiming the local device. State LED Description Page 193

200 Help Content LED Status Indicators Off Not Associated (No Link) Solid Blue Associated (Linked) Blinking Blue Associated; Blink rate proportional to signal strength* * Ranges from 1 Hz (one blink per second at -90 dbm or less) to 10 Hz (one blink per 100 ms at -50 dbm or greater). Page 194

201 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide Ethernet Troubleshooting Most Ethernet problems we see are related to cabling. The 1000BaseT standard is far more sensitive to coupled noise than 100BaseT, which is why we highlight in our documentation that shielded CAT6 is required for reliable operation. The cable shield should make contact with the metal Ethernet connector, and the metal Ethernet connector should make contact with the metal PoE receptacle (if applicable). CAT6 cable is not included with the Mimosa radio since Mimosa does not know the required length for each installation, and many installers have specific cable brand and type preferences. No Ethernet If you are unable to establish an Ethernet connection between the radio and another device, please review the LED External Status Indicators page. Port Flapping (alternating between Link Down and Link Up) Repeated link down and link up messages in the Event Log (Diagnostics > Logs > Events) indicate a power or cabling problem. Example Event Log Messages MIMO_EVENT ethernet MIMO_EVENT ethernet MIMO_EVENT ethernet MIMO_EVENT ethernet </code> Troubleshooting Steps: link link link link down up (1000/Full) down up (1000/Full) 1. Ensure that the AC cable is secure at the PoE and AC outlet. If AC power fluctuations are expected, install a UPS with power conditioning to ensure a clean source of power to the PoE. 2. Ensure that high quality shielded CAT6 cable is installed between the Mimosa PoE and Mimosa radio, and that the total cable length is 100 meters (328 feet) or less. Test continuity of the cable with an Ethernet cable tester. 3. If possible, replace the PoE Injector in order to determine if the port flapping issue is with the Radio or the PoE Injector. 4. See other troubleshooting steps in the section below. Port Flapping (alternating between 100BaseT and 1000BaseT) It is possible for interference to couple into the cable on unshielded cable. If the cable shield is not connected Page 195

202 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide properly on both sides, the shield can act like an antenna and introduce noise into the circuit. Some sources of interference include FM radio transmitters, or cables carrying Sync over Power signals, so efforts should be made to avoid them. Router firmware incompatibilities can also affect Ethernet negotiation at 1000BaseT. Example Event Log Messages MIMO_EVENT ethernet MIMO_EVENT ethernet MIMO_EVENT ethernet MIMO_EVENT ethernet </code> Troubleshooting Steps: link link link link down up (1000/Full) down up (100/Full) 1. Ensure that high quality shielded CAT6 cable is installed between the Mimosa PoE and Mimosa radio, and that the total cable length is 100 meters (328 feet) or less. 2. Ensure that no additional Ethernet surge protection devices are installed between the PoE and Mimosa radio. Protection is already included in the Mimosa Radio and PoE. Additional hardware may increase capacitance and cause instability. 3. Ensure that the electrical ground between radio and tower, and the ground from tower to earth have <5 ohms resistance in total. 4. Ensure that the Ethernet cable is separated from any wiring bundle containing Sync over Power or similar periodic power signals. 5. Test continuity of the CAT6 cable shield from one end of the cable to the other with a digital multimeter. 6. Ensure that the cable shield makes contact with both the radio's Ethernet input and PoE output connector shells. 7. Ensure that the IP67 Ethernet gland is installed to prevent moisture from entering the cable. 8. Test cable wiring integrity with an Ethernet cable tester, and/or use a second cable to rule out an internal cable issue. 9. Ensure that the bend radius of the cable does not exceed the manufacturer's specifications. Sharps bends or kinks can damage the cable or change the isolation between wire pairs within the cable which can degrade performance. 10. Repeat the test indoors from router to PoE to the Mimosa radio exhibiting the problem. 11. Test for ground loops indoors by installing an EMI filter and/or non-grounded AC adapter between the PoE power connector and AC receptacle. 12. Repeat the test indoors from router to PoE to a different Mimosa radio to rule out an Ethernet hardware failure if step above fails. 13. Connect a laptop with a 1000BaseT Ethernet port to the PoE to determine if the connection rate is dependent upon the connected router. Alternately, connect another switch between the router and PoE 14. Try changing to the same static values on both router and Mimosa radio (e.g. force 100BaseT or 1000BaseT Page 196

203 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide on both sides). The Ethernet port speed setting is located on the Management Miscellaneous Settings page. 15. If possible, try replacing the PoE Injector in order to determine if the port negotiation issue is with the Radio or the PoE Injector. Page 197

204 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting VLAN Connections A virtual LAN (VLAN) gives network administrators the ability to separate network traffic from management traffic. On Mimosa devices, the management VLAN is disabled by default, and can be enabled on the Management VLAN page. Once the Management VLAN is enabled, the device must be connected to a VLAN-capable switch or router, and the ports involved must be configured to accept 802.1q tagged frames. If access is lost after the Management VLAN has been enabled, the following steps will restore access: 1. Connect the Ethernet interface of the device to a VLAN-capable switch and configure the switch to allow all VLANs. 2. Configure your computer for the same VLAN id. If you are unable to determine the VLAN id of the Mimosa device, proceed to the next step. 3. If your device supports 2.4 GHz management, connect to the 2.4 GHz SSID and disable or change the VLAN id. 4. If the preceding steps fail to restore access to the GUI, follow the device-specific reset process to return all device setting to the factory default state. Related: B5/B5c and B11 Reset Process - Explains how to recover/reset a device if needed B5-Lite Reset Process - Explains how to recover/reset a device if needed Page 198

205 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide Intermittent Access If the radio is available and then becomes unavailable after a few seconds, please check the following: Power - Ensure that the power source is stable and provides the required electrical inputs as specified on the radio datasheet. Ethernet - Check that the Ethernet cabling is suitable and that the wiring is sound. Power is delivered over Ethernet. DHCP - If a DHCP server is connected on the network, check the IP address assigned to the radio MAC address. Association - If the remote radio disassociates, its GUI will be unavailable. Look for RF problems and tune the link if necessary. Ping Watchdog - Ensure that the values set in the Ping Watchdog function are not causing unintended reboots. Bandwidth Tests - Ongoing bandwidth tests consume large amounts of capacity which can make the link appear sluggish. Related: Product Specifications: B5, B5c, B5-Lite, B11 LED Status Indicators: B5/B5c, B5-Lite, B11 PoE Specifications - Check radio input power compatibility with your PoE. Ethernet Speed - Describes suitable cabling and how to diagnose Ethernet speed problems. Default IP Address - Explains wired and wireless access methods and how to discover the IP address if it is not known Backhaul Installation: RF Tuning Process - Overview of how to tune a link. Ping Watchdog - Enable and configure the Ping Watchdog. Page 199

206 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting Radio Association Radios may not associate for a number of reasons. Most commonly, because they are configured incorrectly or because of insufficient SNR. Note: Mimosa backhaul radios must be unlocked before operation. For help with the unlock process, click here. Check the Radio Configuration on Both Sides of the Link 1. Log into the radio GUI and click Wireless > Link. 2. Ensure that the SSID and Encryption Key are the same on both sides of the radio link. 3. Ensure that the same firmware is installed on both sides of the radio link. Check that one radio is configured as an AP and the other is configured as a Station 1. Log into the radio GUI and click Wireless > Link. 2. Compare the setting for "Wireless Mode". (Note the remainder of the MAC Configuration settings on the Station are inherited from the AP) If indoors, point the radios away from each other and turn down the power. 1. While testing inside a room, point the radios toward the ceiling and set Tx power to the lowest possible setting. This will prevent the receivers from saturating. Check for interference on the Spectrum Analyzer 1. Log into the radio GUI and click Wireless > Channel & Power. 2. Look for interference that overlaps the selected center frequencies. 3. If interference is found, there are two options: a) click on the Auto Everything dropdown to enable automatic channel selection and/or channel width adjustment; or b) change the channel manually to avoid the interference. Check for Noise on PER Graph 1. Log in the radio GUI and click on Overview > Dashboard. 2. On the Performance Graph, click on the navigation circles at the bottom to display "PHY PER". 3. Look for persistent PER above 5%. Page 200

207 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide 4. If PER is greater than 5% for either side of the link, there are two options: a) click on the Auto Everything dropdown to enable automatic channel selection and/or channel width adjustment; or b) change the channel manually to avoid the noise. Check for Collocated Radios 1. Ensure that any collocated radios are configured per the TDMA and Collocation Synchronization White Paper. Related: Indoor Test Methods - Power settings and radio placement when testing inside a room Backhaul RF Tuning Process - Techniques and settings for optimizing RF link performance Page 201

208 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting GPS Signal Strength Both the B5/B5c and B11 utilize high-precision GPS and GLONASS timing sources to synchronize their communication and facilitate collocation. Up to 48 satellites are detectable: 24 from GPS and 24 from GLONASS. The Dashboard and Wireless > Location pages display the number of satellites, signal strength, and timing quality. If these timing sources are unavailable (such as while indoors or when GPS signals are otherwise blocked), the 5 GHz wireless link will still associate and operate but with lower performance. In this case, a Time Synchronization Function (TSF) is used to exchange timing information between radios in the same link. This mode is represented on the Dashboard as "No GPS" whenever GPS/GLONASS signals are absent. GPS performance can usually be improved by relocating the radio physically, and there are several considerations depending on the installed conditions: Ensure that firmware 1.2 or later is installed on both devices. Verify there are satellites present in the graph on the Wireless > Location page. There may be only a small number of satellites, or only satellites with low SNR present in the graph. Ensure that the top of the backhaul unit has an unobstructed view to the sky. Even when located outdoors, GPS signals can still be blocked by physical objects for a portion of time. Note any patterns such as specific times when GPS signals are degraded. Relocate the radio away from any high-power transmitters (TV, LTE cellular/mobile, or FM) that are mounted on the same tower or nearby. Page 202

209 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide Low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the single most important indicator of link health. It represents the magnitude difference between the Rx power and Rx Noise, which is positively correlated with the modulation coding scheme (MCS) index. Up to a point, the higher the SNR, the higher the MCS and resulting throughput. Troubleshooting Steps 1. Ensure the antennas are optimally aligned to achieve the highest RX power value across the RF link. 2. Ensure line of site between radios is clear of obstructions that may block the Fresnel zone. Obstructions may cause reflections/refractions that appear as noise. 3. Choose the clearest RF channel(s) available. Interference (noise) on the same frequency can increase PER because the receiving radio does not have sufficient SNR. On radios that support two channels, evaluate the quality of both channels. Signal quality may be better with one clear channel than with two channels containing interference. 4. Select narrower channel widths to increase spectral density. 5. Select a single channel instead of two channels to take advantage of processing gain (constructive gain on B5/B5c). 6. Evaluate and adjust the Tx power. Tx power that is too low can result in low SNR, while Tx power that is too high can result in distortion (saturation at the receiver). Mimosa recommends setting the Tx power to the level modeled in the Design application, and then making incremental changes up or down to determine the optimal level (lowest PER, highest MCS). 7. Consider installing a higher gain antenna (B5c). Related: Backhaul Troubleshooting: High PER - Troubleshooting steps for high packet error rate Backhaul Troubleshooting: Low Tx/Rx Power - Troubleshooting steps for low Tx/Rx power Backhaul Installation: RF Tuning Process - Overview of how to tune a link. Page 203

210 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide High Packet Error Rate (PER) The Packet Error Rate (PER) is the number of packets with errors divided by the total number of packets sent within a 5-second period. Ideally, this value should be below 2%, while higher values indicate the presence of interference. Tx PER is an indication that the local radio did not receive an ACK from the remote radio, so is forced to retransmit the same information again. Rx PER is a value sent from the remote radio to the local radio in management frames. Mimosa radios reduce the Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) in response to PER in a process called Rate Adaptation. PER and MCS are inversely correlated; as PER increases, MCS decreases and vice versa. The effects of this can be seen on the Dashboard in the form of PHY rate changes. Because data must be retransmitted, time-sensitive applications such as VoIP data services may be affected by spikes in PER or sustained high PER. Troubleshooting Steps 1. Ensure the antennas are optimally aligned to achieve the highest RX power value across the RF link. A low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can lead to higher PER. 2. Ensure line of site between radios is clear of obstructions that may block the Fresnel zone. Obstructions may cause reflections/refractions that appear as noise. 3. Choose the clearest RF channel(s) available. Interference (noise) on the same frequency can increase PER because the receiving radio does not have sufficient SNR. On radios that support two channels, evaluate the quality of both channels. Signal quality may be better with one clear channel than with two channels containing interference. 4. Evaluate and adjust the Tx power. Tx power that is too low can result in low SNR, while Tx power that is too high can result in distortion (saturation at the receiver). Mimosa recommends setting the Tx power to the level modeled in the Design application, and then making incremental changes up or down to determine the optimal level (lowest PER, highest MCS). Related: Backhaul Troubleshooting: Low SNR - Troubleshooting steps for low signal-to-noise ratio Backhaul FAQ: SNR Required for each MCS - Table showing PHY rate per stream based on SNR Backhaul Troubleshooting: Low Tx/Rx Power - Troubleshooting steps for low Tx/Rx power Backhaul Installation: RF Tuning Process - Overview of how to tune a link. Page 204

211 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide Low Tx/Rx Power The Tx/Rx power per chain is shown on the lower right-hand corner of the Dashboard page under the heading, "MIMO Status". There are 4 chains on a B5/B5c. If one or more of these values is lower than the others, performance may be lower than expected. Follow these troubleshooting steps if you observe low Tx/Rx power (ranging -100 to 85 dbm, or blank "-"). Low power on all chains (B5/B5c) Consistent low power across all chains is likely due to long distance or EIRP limitations for selected channels. Use the Mimosa Design application to model the link for comparison with actual performance. This will help determine if the observed performance is expected, or if some other problem exists. Potential solutions include the following: Aim the antennas to achieve higher signal strength at each receiver Increase Tx Power Select a portion of spectrum that allows higher EIRP limits Select a narrower channel width Select a single channel instead of two channels Install a higher gain antenna Relocate antennas to avoid permanent or temporary physical obstructions impairing the Fresnel zone Consider adding a relay site at the midpoint between the two locations Low power on a single chain (B5c) If Tx/Rx power is low on a single chain, the problem is almost always related to the RF cable or connector between a B5c and the antenna. Potential solutions include the following: Verify that the antenna meets the recommended antenna specifications. Verify that the RF cables meet the recommended cable specifications. Ensure that coaxial cables are installed on the same polarization at both the radio and antenna (H to H and V to V). Swap both ends (radio and antenna) of the RF cables between horizontal and vertical polarization. If the problem follows the cable, replace the cable. You may also need to perform this step on the opposite side of the link. Low power on two chains with same polarization (B5c) If Rx signal strength values are between -100 and 85 dbm (or blank "-") on both chains of the same polarization (Chains 1 and 3 are horizontal, Chains 2 and 4 are vertical), there are two potential root causes/solutions: This symptom can also be the result of cabling problems as described above in this document: See "Lower power on a single chain (B5c)". ESD is another potential cause, but is quite rare: See Field Notice FN-B5c Low power on a single channel (B5/B5c) If you observe low Rx power on one of two channels in a dual channel mode (2x20, 2x40, 2x80, or 1x FD modes), but not on the other channel: Page 205

212 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide Confirm that Tx power is set the same on both channels (Wireless > Channel & Power > Tx Power 1 and Tx Power 2). This may not be possible depending on channel selection options within your regulatory domain because some frequency ranges have different EIRP limits. A workaround is to choose two channels with the same EIRP restrictions. Verify that the frequency of the low power channel is supported by the antenna. Consult the antenna datasheet for supported frequencies. Related: Backhaul Troubleshooting: Low SNR - Troubleshooting steps for low signal-to-noise ratio Backhaul Troubleshooting: High PER - Troubleshooting steps for high packet error rate Backhaul Installation: RF Tuning Process - Overview of how to tune a link. Page 206

213 Help Content Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting Low TCP Throughput RF Causes In some cases TCP throughput can be impacted by poor RF conditions (e.g. low SNR, high PER) that lead to higher or fluctuating latency. Please see the RF Tuning process for instructions for addressing these causes. Ethernet Causes Low TCP throughput can also result from poor conditions on Ethernet either because of coupled noise and/or insufficient shielding. Please see the Ethernet Speed troubleshooting section for more details. Third-Party Equipment Causes Some third-party routers contain native bandwidth tests. Mimosa has found that some router models and firmware versions are insufficient for testing the full capacity of Mimosa links, leading to skewed results. There are several reasons including: 100 Mbps port limitations, fixed TCP windows, fixed TCP send and receive buffers, CPU capacity limitations, etc. Please refer to the Testing Throughput with iperf article. Related: Calculating TCP Performance - Improve TCP performance by optimizing host and radio settings Testing Throughput with iperf - Third party software for testing throughput on Mimosa radios Bandwidth Test - Testing MAC layer throughput on Mimosa radios Page 207

214 Help Content Throughput Testing Testing Throughput with iperf Mimosa has found that iperf, a tool for active measurements of the maximum achievable bandwidth on IP networks, provides the most reliable measure of TCP performance. Instructions for downloading iperf, building the executable for your environment, and usage are available at this link: Example Test Topologies Computer 1 - Mimosa 1 - Mimosa 2 - Computer 2 Computer 1 - Switch 1 - Mimosa 1 - Mimosa 2 - Switch 2 - Computer 2 Example Commands The iperf (version 2) commands below send 10 TCP streams for 100 seconds with 64k TCP window size in one direction. Open separate terminal windows and reverse the commands to create bidirectional traffic. Command to make Computer 1 ( ) the listener: iperf -s -f m -i 60 Command to make Computer 2 ( ) the sender: iperf -c P 10 -t 100 -w 64k Note: Mimosa radios do not contain iperf. For accurate measurement, the device under test should not generate traffic because the test would impair the ability of the device by occupying the CPU and skewing the test result. Please see the link below for more information about the Mimosa bandwidth test. Related: Bandwidth Test - Testing MAC layer throughput on Mimosa radios Page 208

215 Help Content Firmware Backhaul Firmware Roadmap Firmware Version has been released, and can be downloaded for each product at the links below. B5/B5c Firmware B5-Lite Firmware B11 Firmware We will update this page again soon with information about the next release. Page 209

216 Help Content B5/B5c Backhaul Firmware Updating your device firmware enables the latest product enhancements and provides improvements to stability and performance. To ensure the highest quality experience, only the latest two versions are available here for download. Firmware can be downloaded from this page and uploaded to each radio manually (Preferences > Firmware & Reset > Firmware Update). Mimosa recommends always updating the far side of the link first. Alternately, firmware can be installed directly from the Manage application, either in bulk to your entire network, or to select devices in an order that you specify. IMPORTANT Firmware images are product specific. Confirm firmware image name matches the product before upgrading. This firmware must be installed on both sides of the link to properly associate. You must upgrade the remote side of the link first, and then the local side. B5/B5c Production Firmware Version Date Firmware Download March 16, 2016 Mimosa-B img.signed October 11, 2015 Mimosa-B img.signed Page 210

217 Help Content B5/B5c Firmware Version March 16, 2016 Product Applicability: B5, B5c, B5-Lite IMPORTANT Firmware images are product specific. Confirm firmware image name matches the product before upgrading. This firmware must be installed on both sides of the link to properly associate. You must upgrade the remote side of the link first, and then the local side. New Features Higher Power in U-NII-3 Higher power in U-NII-3 ( MHz) consistent with new FCC OOBE rules. (B5, B5c, B5-Lite) Compliance Updated regulatory database: USA Resolved Issues Platform Stability Critical update for B5/B5c deployments: Added protection against boot failures caused by power outages/brownout conditions. Increased priority on radio management traffic to improve communication reliability between linked radios. Radio (PHY and MAC) Improvements Improved noise floor calculation accuracy. Auto Everything Included selection of DFS channels in 1x mode. Reduced ramp up time. Known Issues On short links, the Dashboard link distance may be understated. Manually reducing the channel width on the same DFS channel will cause a Channel Availability Check (CAC) and bring the link down during the scan. Both channels must be changed at the same time in Frequency Diversity (FD) mode for changes to take effect. High PER in FD mode with 75/25 traffic split. Remote coordinates show unknown on some links. Page reload may be required after resetting an existing unlock code. Bandwidth reductions may cause traffic forwarding delays. Auto Everything won t associate with very high signal strength. Page 211

218 Help Content B5/B5c Firmware Version March 1, 2016 Product Applicability: B5, B5c, B5-Lite, B11 March 7, 2016: Firmware version was removed because of a performance impacting bug that was just discovered. B5, B5c, and B5-Lite are affected. We intend to release version to correct the bug shortly. In the mean time, please continue to use firmware version New Features Support for B11 Mimosa's latest licensed backhaul product supporting GHz and fiber connectivity. (B11) Low Latency Auto Mode Redesigned MAC with elastic transmit slots to minimize latency and maximize throughput for traditional links (not GPS synchronized). The default configuration is 4ms, and this value cannot be changed. This is the only mode available for B5-Lite. Dual Link Interference Avoidance Dynamically routes traffic to channel with least PER to improve noise immunity and prevent packet loss. (B5, B5c, B11) Auto Power Optimization Automatically adjusts Tx power to avoid compression and improve (minimize) EVM when SNR allows. (B5, B5c, B11) Extended Frequency Range to 6.2 GHz Channel selections from 6000 to 6200 MHz where regulations allow. (B5c, B5-Lite) Remote Antenna Gain Input Set both local and remote antenna gain on AP to improve signal target and Aiming Mode accuracy. (B5c, B11) GPS Interference Mitigation Maintains link stability at all times with an internal timer in varying GPS conditions. (B5, B5c, B11) User Interface Enabled Site Survey for AP mode. Added "Off" selection to LED Brightness options. Increased detail for GPS and unlock event messages. Added null VLAN ID validation check. Page 212

219 Help Content B5/B5c SNMP Added auto Tx and Rx Channel Widths to Streams Table to match GUI. Added Primary and Secondary DNS IP addresses. Added RPS status. Compliance Updated regulatory database: China, Finland, France, Malaysia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Thailand, UK, Vietnam. Resolved Issues Platform Stability Fixed SNMP memory leak. Fixed rare conditions causing radio reboots. Radio (PHY and MAC) Improvements TPC per chain variance limit raised to better accommodate wide power differences between channels. Resolved conditions causing Spectrum Analyzer to improperly categorize the remote radio as noise. User Interface Set Self-Signed HTTPS Certificate to expire in six months to reduce nuisance browser warnings. Active channels shown on Channel & Power page in Frequency Diversity (FD) modes. Link distance below GPS resolution shown on Dashboard as "< 300m / 984 ft" instead of "0 m". Auto Everything Improved channel and power recommendations based on changing conditions and allowable selections. Known Issues Auto Everything may choose channels with interference. On short links, the Dashboard link distance may be understated. Manually reducing the channel width on the same DFS channel will cause a Channel Availability Check (CAC) and bring the link down during the scan. Both channels must be changed at the same time in Frequency Diversity (FD) mode for changes to take effect. High PER in FD mode with 75/25 traffic split. Auto Everything is slower to make changes on stable links. Remote coordinates show unknown on some links. Page reload may be required after resetting an existing unlock code. Bandwidth reductions may cause traffic forwarding delays. Auto Everything won t associate with very high signal strength. Page 213

220 Help Content B5/B5c Firmware Version October 10, 2015 Product Applicability: B5/B5c IMPORTANT Firmware images are product specific. Confirm firmware image name matches the product before upgrading. New Features Dynamic Queuing Automatically monitors traffic throughput and optimizes queue depth to improve latency on congested links. Short Link Optimization Automatically disables the low-noise amplifiers (LNA) and improves high RSSI gain control when very short links are detected. This improves performance and prevents a problem where radios will not reliably associate due to receiver saturation on very short links. Resolved Issues Platform Stability Fixed conditions causing radio reboots. Known Issues Spectrum analyzer may improperly categorize the remote radio as noise. This results in a non-impacting low SNR value on the dashboard. Site Surveys can only be performed while the radio is in Station mode. Manually reducing the channel width on the same DFS channel will cause a Channel Availability Check (CAC) and bring the link down during the scan. Both channels must be changed at the same time in Frequency Diversity (FD) mode for changes to take effect. Firmware Version September 4, 2015 Product Applicability: B5/B5c IMPORTANT firmware may cause GUI unresponsiveness that requires a physical power cycle to resolve. Mimosa strongly recommends rebooting first, and then updating to Firmware images are product specific. Confirm firmware image name matches the product before upgrading. There is no external version of as it was designed for internal use only. Page 214

221 Help Content B5/B5c Resolved Issues Platform Stability Fixed conditions causing radio reboots, traffic halts and potential GUI lockups. Radio (PHY and MAC) Improvements Resolved conditions causing Spectrum Analyzer to stall. TCP throughput improvements during high load conditions. User Interface Channel Recommendations incorporate Auto Everything algorithm in FD mode. Updated GUI to reflect the default setting for Auto Everything to OFF. Compliance Updated EIRP limits based on regulatory additions and changes (added Norway). Known Issues Spectrum analyzer may improperly categorize the remote radio as noise. This results in a non-impacting low SNR value on the dashboard. Site Surveys can only be performed while the radio is in Station mode. Manually reducing the channel width on the same DFS channel will cause a Channel Availability Check (CAC) and bring the link down during the scan. B5/B5c only: Both channels must be changed at the same time in Frequency Diversity (FD) mode for changes to take effect. Firmware Version July 27, 2015 Product Applicability: B5/B5c Important: This firmware must be installed on both sides of the link to properly associate. You must upgrade the remote side of the link first, and then the local side. Note that you may also need to reboot the radios on both sides of the link before installation. New Features Link Availability / Uptime Seamless power level, channel width, and channel changes (non-dfs channels) without re-association or traffic interruptions during manual or automatic changes. Automatic channel width change incorporated into rate adaptation to help maintain the highest SNR under varying interference conditions. Page 215

222 Help Content B5/B5c Auto Everything Faster analysis with full spectrum sweep in less than 5 seconds. Faster channel changes under heavy interference. Maximum channel width control for finer tuning of spectrum usage. Channel coordination between all radios on the same subnet to avoid spectrum overlap if necessary. Seamless channel change for DFS radar events by transitioning through dual channel mode using a temporary non-dfs channel. Available in countries supporting non-dfs channels. Performance Dramatically improved small packet performance. Management SNMP v1/v2c read only support. See MIB definitions. Ethernet Flow Control support. Rapid Port Shutdown (RPS) support. Reboot via REST interface. Support for any printable ASCII characters in SSID. Unique VLAN ID per side of link. Upgraded bandwidth test to include automated testing for local to remote, remote to local, transmit then receive, and simultaneous tests. The Dashboard s device detail IP address of remote side is now a link. Input validation when changing the management interface s default gateway IP address or subnet. This helps prevent incorrect IP settings that could disable remote network access to the device. User Interface The Dashboard is now the default view after login. Updated Spectrum Analyzer design with a new inspector tool to aid in pinpointing frequency, channel, Power Spectral Density (PSD) and Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) anywhere on the spectrum display. Simplified and reformatted text on support log download page. TSF-TDD mode renamed to "No GPS" mode. Real-time Tx/Rx channel width shown in the Dashboard s MIMO status table. Compliance Updated EIRP limits based on regulatory additions and changes in several countries. Resolved Issues Platform Stability Resolved several conditions causing system reboots. Resolved several conditions causing traffic stalling & link disassociation. Radio (PHY and MAC) Improvements Improved radar detection. GPS signal loss no longer causes link re-association. Improved single stream TCP performance. Page 216

223 Help Content B5/B5c Improved Rate Adaption algorithm to achieve stable and consistently higher modulation at comparable SNR. Performance improvement during fading conditions. Improved (lower) PER in TDMA-FD modes. User Interface Removed redundant reboot messages. Fixed Channel Recommendations to exclude out of range power values. Spectrum Analysis data displays correctly when using a 75/25 traffic split and 2ms TDMA windows. Auto Everything power settings are synchronized between the Channel & Power page and Dashboard page. Updated formatting on the station side s Site Survey report to display results without requiring scrolling. User Interface styling updates to improve usability. Known Issues Site Surveys can only be performed while the radio is in Station mode. Both channels must be changed at the same time in Frequency Diversity (FD) mode for changes to take effect. Firmware Version March 25, 2015 New Features Timer-based operation (non-gps mode) for workbench testing prior to deployment TDMA-FD 1x modes allow separate Tx frequencies per side Mobile-optimized Aiming Mode screen updates signal strength once per second Auto Everything recommendations on Channel & Power page Dynamic GPS location and distance calculation updates for mobile links Cloud link on Dashboard leads to historical data in Manage application Reset Device Unlock button locks the device and resets the country code without rebooting Reset Device Configuration button clears configuration settings and device remains unlocked Performance Improvements Auto Everything channel and power selection algorithm improvements Improved noise immunity in presence of interference Improved association time between AP and STA Regulatory domain updates General stability improvements User Interface Changes MAC throughput on signal meter shows expected performance based on TDMA settings Removed antenna gain and exclusion list from STA (STA values are obtained from AP) Additional antenna selection options on B5c Password change required after device reset Password validation to allow letters, numbers and symbols up to 64 characters Loading screen limited to content pane Page 217

224 Help Content B5-Lite Backhaul Firmware Updating your device firmware enables the latest product enhancements and provides improvements to stability and performance. To ensure the highest quality experience, only the latest two versions are available here for download. Firmware can be downloaded from this page and uploaded to each radio manually (Preferences > Firmware & Reset > Firmware Update). Mimosa recommends always updating the far side of the link first. IMPORTANT Firmware images are product specific. Confirm firmware image name matches the product before upgrading. This firmware must be installed on both sides of the link to properly associate. You must upgrade the remote side of the link first, and then the local side. B5-Lite Production Firmware Version Date Firmware Download March 16, 2016 Mimosa-B5-Lite img.signed November 25, 2015 Mimosa-B5-Lite img.signed October 10, 2015 Mimosa-B5-Lite img.signed Page 218

225 Help Content B5-Lite Firmware Version March 16, 2016 Product Applicability: B5-Lite IMPORTANT Firmware images are product specific. Confirm firmware image name matches the product before upgrading. This firmware must be installed on both sides of the link to properly associate. You must upgrade the remote side of the link first, and then the local side. New Features Higher Power in U-NII-3 Higher power in U-NII-3 ( MHz) consistent with new FCC OOBE rules. (B5, B5c, B5-Lite) Compliance Updated regulatory database: USA Resolved Issues Platform Stability Increased priority on radio management traffic to improve communication reliability between linked radios. Radio (PHY and MAC) Improvements Improved noise floor calculation accuracy. Auto Everything Included selection of DFS channels in 1x mode. Reduced ramp up time. Known Issues On short links, the Dashboard link distance may be understated. Manually reducing the channel width on the same DFS channel will cause a Channel Availability Check (CAC) and bring the link down during the scan. Remote coordinates show unknown on some links. Page reload may be required after resetting an existing unlock code. Bandwidth reductions may cause traffic forwarding delays. Auto Everything won t associate with very high signal strength. Firmware Version March 1, 2016 Product Applicability: B5, B5c, B5-Lite, B11 Page 219

226 Help Content B5-Lite March 7, 2016: Firmware version was removed because of a performance impacting bug that was just discovered. B5, B5c, and B5-Lite are affected. We intend to release version to correct the bug shortly. In the mean time, please continue to use firmware version or IMPORTANT Firmware images are product specific. Confirm firmware image name matches the product before upgrading. This firmware must be installed on both sides of the link to properly associate. You must upgrade the remote side of the link first, and then the local side. New Features Support for B11 Mimosa's latest licensed backhaul product supporting GHz and fiber connectivity. (B11) Low Latency Auto Mode Redesigned MAC with elastic transmit slots to minimize latency and maximize throughput for traditional links (not GPS synchronized). The default configuration is 4ms, and this value cannot be changed. This is the only mode available for B5-Lite. Dual Link Interference Avoidance Dynamically routes traffic to channel with least PER to improve noise immunity and prevent packet loss. (B5, B5c, B11) Auto Power Optimization Automatically adjusts Tx power to avoid compression and improve (minimize) EVM when SNR allows. (B5, B5c, B11) Extended Frequency Range to 6.2 GHz Channel selections from 6000 to 6200 MHz where regulations allow. (B5c, B5-Lite) Remote Antenna Gain Input Set both local and remote antenna gain on AP to improve signal target and Aiming Mode accuracy. (B5c, B11) GPS Interference Mitigation Maintains link stability at all times with an internal timer in varying GPS conditions. (B5, B5c, B11) User Interface Enabled Site Survey for AP mode. Added "Off" selection to LED Brightness options. Increased detail for GPS and unlock event messages. Added null VLAN ID validation check. Page 220

227 Help Content B5-Lite SNMP Added auto Tx and Rx Channel Widths to Streams Table to match GUI. Added Primary and Secondary DNS IP addresses. Added RPS status. Compliance Updated regulatory database: China, Finland, France, Malaysia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Thailand, UK, Vietnam. Resolved Issues Platform Stability Fixed SNMP memory leak. Fixed rare conditions causing radio reboots. Radio (PHY and MAC) Improvements TPC per chain variance limit raised to better accommodate wide power differences between channels. Resolved conditions causing Spectrum Analyzer to improperly categorize the remote radio as noise. User Interface Set Self-Signed HTTPS Certificate to expire in six months to reduce nuisance browser warnings. Active channels shown on Channel & Power page in Frequency Diversity (FD) modes. Link distance below GPS resolution shown on Dashboard as "< 300m / 984 ft" instead of "0 m". Auto Everything Improved channel and power recommendations based on changing conditions and allowable selections. Known Issues Auto Everything may choose channels with interference. On short links, the Dashboard link distance may be understated. Manually reducing the channel width on the same DFS channel will cause a Channel Availability Check (CAC) and bring the link down during the scan. Both channels must be changed at the same time in Frequency Diversity (FD) mode for changes to take effect. High PER in FD mode with 75/25 traffic split. Auto Everything is slower to make changes on stable links. Remote coordinates show unknown on some links. Page reload may be required after resetting an existing unlock code. Bandwidth reductions may cause traffic forwarding delays. Auto Everything won t associate with very high signal strength. Page 221

228 Help Content B5-Lite Firmware Version November 25, 2015 Product Applicability: B5-Lite IMPORTANT Firmware images are product specific. Confirm firmware image name matches the product before upgrading. WARNING: This version is incompatible with HTTPS, so it must be disabled before upgrading. If not, you will lose management access. Resolved Issues Platform Stability Fixed reboot condition caused by ESD. Firmware Version October 10, 2015 Product Applicability: B5-Lite IMPORTANT Firmware images are product specific. Confirm firmware image name matches the product before upgrading. New Features Dynamic Queuing Automatically monitors traffic throughput and optimizes queue depth to improve latency on congested links. Short Link Optimization Automatically disables the low-noise amplifiers (LNA) and improves high RSSI gain control when very short links are detected. This improves performance and prevents a problem where radios will not reliably associate due to receiver saturation on very short links. Resolved Issues Platform Stability Fixed conditions causing radio reboots. Page 222

229 Help Content B5-Lite Known Issues Spectrum analyzer may improperly categorize the remote radio as noise. This results in a non-impacting low SNR value on the dashboard. Site Surveys can only be performed while the radio is in Station mode. Manually reducing the channel width on the same DFS channel will cause a Channel Availability Check (CAC) and bring the link down during the scan. Firmware Release Notes September 8, 2015 Product Applicability: B5-Lite B5-Lite balances Mimosa s technical expertise and the need for a low cost transport solution. Our small form-factor hardware leverages years of engineering protocol development to provide operators with high performance short range PtP links. Performance Features Up to 750 Mbps of throughput Integrated dual slant 20 dbi antenna Wide band support MHz Smart spectrum management Auto-Everything and Channel Recommendations Mimosa s Rate-Adaption algorithm Hardware reset button SNMP and cloud management support Operational Differences with B5/B5c Single Channel Operation (20, 40, 80 Mhz) No GPS sync 2.4 management radio not included Page 223

230 Help Content B11 Backhaul Firmware Updating your device firmware enables the latest product enhancements and provides improvements to stability and performance. To ensure the highest quality experience, only the latest two versions are available here for download. Firmware can be downloaded from this page and uploaded to each radio manually (Preferences > Firmware & Reset > Firmware Update). Mimosa recommends always updating the far side of the link first. Alternately, firmware can be installed directly from the Manage application, either in bulk to your entire network, or to select devices in an order that you specify. B11 Production Firmware Version Date Firmware Download March 16, 2016 Mimosa-B img.signed March 1, 2016 Mimosa-B img.signed Page 224

231 Help Content B11 Firmware Version March 16, 2016 Product Applicability: B11 IMPORTANT Firmware images are product specific. Confirm firmware image name matches the product before upgrading. This firmware must be installed on both sides of the link to properly associate. You must upgrade the remote side of the link first, and then the local side. Resolved Issues Platform Stability Increased priority on radio management traffic to improve communication reliability between linked radios. Radio (PHY and MAC) Improvements Improved noise floor calculation accuracy. Known Issues On short links, the Dashboard link distance may be understated. Both channels must be changed at the same time in Frequency Diversity (FD) mode for changes to take effect. Remote coordinates show unknown on some links. Page reload may be required after resetting an existing unlock code. Bandwidth reductions may cause traffic forwarding delays. Firmware Version March 1, 2016 Product Applicability: B5, B5c, B5-Lite, B11 IMPORTANT Firmware images are product specific. Confirm firmware image name matches the product before upgrading. This firmware must be installed on both sides of the link to properly associate. You must upgrade the remote side of the link first, and then the local side. New Features Support for B11 Mimosa's latest licensed backhaul product supporting GHz and fiber connectivity. (B11) Low Latency Auto Mode Redesigned MAC with elastic transmit slots to minimize latency and maximize throughput for traditional links (not GPS synchronized). The default configuration is 4ms, and this value cannot be changed. This is the only mode Page 225

232 Help Content B11 available for B5-Lite. Dual Link Interference Avoidance Dynamically routes traffic to channel with least PER to improve noise immunity and prevent packet loss. (B5, B5c, B11) Auto Power Optimization Automatically adjusts Tx power to avoid compression and improve (minimize) EVM when SNR allows. (B5, B5c, B11) Extended Frequency Range to 6.2 GHz Channel selections from 6000 to 6200 MHz where regulations allow. (B5c, B5-Lite) Remote Antenna Gain Input Set both local and remote antenna gain on AP to improve signal target and Aiming Mode accuracy. (B5c, B11) GPS Interference Mitigation Maintains link stability at all times with an internal timer in varying GPS conditions. (B5, B5c, B11) User Interface Enabled Site Survey for AP mode. Added "Off" selection to LED Brightness options. Increased detail for GPS and unlock event messages. Added null VLAN ID validation check. SNMP Added auto Tx and Rx Channel Widths to Streams Table to match GUI. Added Primary and Secondary DNS IP addresses. Added RPS status. Compliance Updated regulatory database: China, Finland, France, Malaysia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Thailand, UK, Vietnam. Resolved Issues Platform Stability Fixed SNMP memory leak. Fixed rare conditions causing radio reboots. Radio (PHY and MAC) Improvements TPC per chain variance limit raised to better accommodate wide power differences between channels. Resolved conditions causing Spectrum Analyzer to improperly categorize the remote radio as noise. Page 226

233 Help Content B11 User Interface Set Self-Signed HTTPS Certificate to expire in six months to reduce nuisance browser warnings. Active channels shown on Channel & Power page in Frequency Diversity (FD) modes. Link distance below GPS resolution shown on Dashboard as "< 300m / 984 ft" instead of "0 m". Auto Everything Improved channel and power recommendations based on changing conditions and allowable selections. Known Issues On short links, the Dashboard link distance may be understated. Manually reducing the channel width on the same DFS channel will cause a Channel Availability Check (CAC) and bring the link down during the scan. Both channels must be changed at the same time in Frequency Diversity (FD) mode for changes to take effect. High PER in FD mode with 75/25 traffic split. Auto Everything is slower to make changes on stable links. Remote coordinates show unknown on some links. Page reload may be required after resetting an existing unlock code. Bandwidth reductions may cause traffic forwarding delays. Auto Everything won t associate with very high signal strength. Page 227

234 Help Content White Papers & Application Notes TDMA-FD Product Applicability: B5/B5c, B11 In addition to standard TDMA modes, radios support a Frequency Diversity (FD) mode which allows different transmit and receive channels on each side of a link. TDMA-FD differs from Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) in that each side of the link still takes turns sending and receiving like in standard TDMA, but on separate channels in each direction. This is useful when there is no channel that is mutually suitable for both transmit and receive on both sides of a link. Channel Width and Capacity In FD mode, two different channels are selected, and both must have the same channel width: 20, 40 or 80 MHz. The total channel width is the sum of both channels, but link capacity is half of what is normally expected for the same channel width. This is because each side is transmitting for a portion of the time. The FD modes are less spectrally efficient than non-fd modes, so they should only be used when necessary. Channel Mode Channel 1 (Tx) Channel 2 (Rx) Total Channel Width 1x20 FD 20 MHz 20 MHz 40 MHz 1x40 FD 40 MHz 40 MHz 80 MHz 1x80 FD 80 MHz 80 MHz 160 MHz Application Example Spectrum Challenge A Station has spectrum available between 5150 and 5200 MHz, but the Access Point only has spectrum available between 5500 and 5600 MHz. Since the spectrum available does not overlap, the best performance can be achieved by using the Frequency Diversity (FD) mode. Station Spectrum Access Point Spectrum Page 228

235 Help Content White Papers & Application Notes Configuration Channel and power are both configured on the Access Point (AP) and inherited by the Station. When editing settings on the AP, transmit and receive frequencies and power are shown from the perspective of the AP. In this example, we will select 1x80 FD mode with Center Frequency 1 at 5150 MHz (transmit from AP to Station), and Center Frequency 2 at 5550 MHz (transmit from Station to AP). Likewise, Tx Power 1 applies to the Access Point, and Tx Power 2 applies to the Station. Wireless > Channel & Power > Channel & Power Settings Example Operation After configuring the Channel & Power Settings, Tx from the AP to the Station (left to right) should occur on Channel A (5150 MHz). Channel A was selected because the Station has no interference on that channel. The AP may have interference that prevents it from receiving on Channel A, but the interference does not affect its ability to transmit on that channel. AP to Station Page 229

236 Help Content White Papers & Application Notes When transmitting from Station to AP (right to left), Channel B (5550) is used because the AP has no interference on that channel. Station to AP Page 230

237 Help Content White Papers & Application Notes Fresnel Zones You may have heard the terms Line of Site (LOS) and Non (or Near) Line of Site (NLOS). These terms describe the whether or not any obstructions exist between two radios. radios are designed to operate best with clear LOS, meaning that they must be able to see each other, but this is not the only requirement for reliable data transmission. Radio waves travel within a 3-D ellipse called the Fresnel zone (named for physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel). Fresnel zones are used to analyze the effect of obstructions on a radio signal. If there are no obstructions, the Fresnel zone is said to be clear. Good wireless designs start with this in mind. Obstructions inside the Fresnel zone can deflect radio waves, changing their phase and canceling out (or weakening) the original signal on their way to the receiver. The first Fresnel zone is the most important, but there are actually several more beyond the first one that have a smaller effect. Signal refraction from within the second or third Fresnel zones can cause destructive or constructive interference in the primary zone. To keep things simple, we ll only focus on the first Fresnel Zone for now. Page 231

238 Help Content White Papers & Application Notes Up to 40% of the first Fresnel zone can be obstructed without significant performance impact. Once obstructions are within the center 60%, results are...shall we say, predictably bad. If the trees in the example below are expected to grow, you would need to take into account their growth rates and future impact on performance. If your link is long enough, the curvature of the earth can even impair the Fresnel zone. This surprises a lot of people, but it shouldn't after reading this article. The solution: increase antenna height. Knowing that clear LOS is important to link performance, you will want to calculate the Fresnel zone radius and compare it with any expected obstructions. The radius (r) of any point (P) along the link can be calculated if you know the distance (D) and the frequency (or wavelength). Page 232

239 Help Content White Papers & Application Notes And now... some math. The Fresnel zone radius can be calculated along any point of the link using the following equation: where, Fn = The nth Fresnel Zone radius in meters d1 = The distance of P from one end in meters d2 = The distance of P from the other end in meters λ = The wavelength of the transmitted signal in meters Tip: Convert Frequency to Wavelength Lambda "λ" is calculated by dividing the speed of light (c) by the desired frequency (f) in Hz. For 5 GHz, lambda is 299,792,458 meters per second / 5,000,000,000 Hertz = meters Application Example Example 1 1st Fresnel radius, middle of a 10 km, 5 GHz link Page 233