Valahia University Targoviste, Electrical Engineering Faculty Unirii Blvd., Targoviste Romania DOI: /ijarcsse/V7I6/01607

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1 International Journals of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Research Article June 2017 Algorithms for Determining the Parameters of Static Converters 1 Marcel Ionel, 2 Marian Porojan 1 Electronic, Telecommunications and Energetically Engineering Department, 2 Automation, computer science and Electrical Engineering Department, 1, 2 Valahia University Targoviste, Electrical Engineering Faculty Unirii Blvd., Targoviste Romania DOI: /ijarcsse/V7I6/01607 Abstract: Qualitative needs, ever higher, automatic control systems, correlated with the development of power electronics, microprocessors, programming techniques, development of unconventional energy production, resulting in bringing to the fore the three-phase power converters. Using asynchronous motor, the simplest and robust electric car, often can not meet the quality conditions of the machine working. AC machines can not achieve a wide range of speeds and a hub can not cover % overload.widespread use in electric drive systems that we obtained semiconductor electronic control methods with techniques for high efficiency and precision control very good. Static converters have become easy to use and virtually through them obtain any desired mechanical characteristic for any type of electric machine. Key-Words: - Static converters, Electrical diagram, current control at, Logical scheme, the rectifier operation unidirectional / bidirectional and inverter coordinate system. I. INTRODUCTION Electrical diagram of a three-phase converter completely controlled by star-star transformer is shown in Figure1 [1], [13] Fig.1.Converter with three-phase transformer in star-star The average rectified voltage of winding the transformer depends on the type of of command angle and the type of load [1], [9]. II. DETERMINING THE PARAMETERS OF THE CONVERTER If a resistive-inductive load inductance very high, average rectified voltage is determined by the relationship: Ud Ud0 cos (1) where: U d0 - rectified maximum medium tension (voltage supplied by a rectifier diode axle uncontrolled). Calculation of medium rectified voltage is maximum for three phase rectifier in the deck connection with the transformer secondary star and mayor in star or delta relationship: Ud0 kd 3 2 Us (2) where: K d - is called coefficient of periodicity Us - effective phase voltage transformer secondary Because p = 6 (number of pulses) [2], [3], [4]. All Rights Reserved Page 20

2 Ud0 2,34 Us (3) When using a transformer in the secondary delta and star connection (Figure 2) or triangle primary, average rectified voltage maximum is determined by the relationship: Ud0 kd 2 Us (4) For p = 6, U d0 = 1,35 U s, SS Sp The power transformer is calculated as: ST ct Pd0 ct Ud0 Id0 2 (5) Where: c T - utilization coefficient expressing thetransformer. To determine the application of the control pulses on the grid thyristors, it will calculate the maximum duration of conduction of a thyristor in pregnancy with inductance tends to infinityβ= 2π/p.It requires that the control pulses to be delayed while the 360 for the same thyristor, and energizing the thyristor T 2 before conducting the next thyristor T 1 to be at a corresponding time delay of 60 (fig.3).. Fig. 3. Command thyristors in three-phase converter, = 0 Fig. 4. Command Medium rectified voltage at 30 and 60 All Rights Reserved Page 21

3 Figure 5. are shown waveforms of the current phase sinusoidal voltage with source [10], [11]. Figure 6. shows the schematic simulation rectifier powered by the three-phase AC voltage network through a transformer where is considered escape inductances L value = 3 m H, the load resistance is considered to have value Rs = 10, [6], [7], [8]. Fig5. Waveformsofcurentthroughthe sinusoidal powersource It established current harmonic content generated by nonlinear receiver powered by the sinusoidal voltage with source. Of the rectified voltage waveform is shown in figure 7, [6]. The phase voltage is: u U 2 sin t u u s1 s2 s3 s U U s s Fig.6. Scheme simulation-phase rectifier bridgework completely controlled with resistive load 2 2 sin t sin t 3 All Rights Reserved Page 22

4 Fig.7. Waveform of the rectified voltage Fig. 8. The influence of harmonics power generated Rectifier the supply network Because the internal impedance of the power rectifier operation will influence the behavior of an entire system powered by the same source, are shown in Figure 8 variations in potential nodes 9, 23, 24, 25. Fig. 9. DC motor supplying from a fully controlled rectifier All Rights Reserved Page 23

5 Figure 10. It presents current variation and machine speed DC data obtained to start in goal direct connection to the mains rectified control at an angle of 30. Figure 11. It presents the variation of the rectified voltage and current control at the same angle of 30. [5], [6]. Fig. 10. Armature current variation in engine and rotor speed when starting of the motor a goal Fig. 11. Load current and rectified voltage stabilization after engine speed III. ALGORITHMS FOR DETERMINING THE PARAMETERS OF STATIC CONVERTERS Next the method of calculating DC converters with electronic devices commanded for the supply inverters, DC machines, etc. Data is general and those of pregnancy [14]. For calculating parameters of the converter using the above formulas [1], [2]. In Fig. no.12 shows the logic diagram or in Fig. no.13 present for the program, ro.marcelionel. javax.namin. Logical scheme include descriptors with the following meanings: -RDTIP Characterize the type converter; -TRTIP Represents the type of power transformer network; -INV Indicate that the charger works in the inverter mode INV = 1; -AP Pregnancy is powered by two anti-parallel converters assembled Ap = 1.2; -CCM Subprogram calculation of the couple or if wind and photovoltaic inverters current absorbed; Initial data related to network parameters pregnancy (TRTIP, U p, ΔU p, U sc ), or execution elements (U dn, ΔU d, R a,l a ) constants switching the converter phase fully controlled bidirectional (K 1m, K 2m, K 3m ) and the type of installation (AP, INV). All Rights Reserved Page 24

6 Fig.12.Logic Diagram All Rights Reserved Page 25

7 package ro.marcelionel; import javax.naming.ldap.rdn; public class Main { public static void main(string[] args) { double delta_mr = 0; //variatia cuplului double IdN = 6.58; double Idef = 4.67; double Idmax = 8; double Im = 0; double CCM = 0; int INV = 1; //poate fi 0 sau 1 double miu = 0; double Kx = 1; double Usc = 0.039;//3.9/100; //tensiunea de scurt circuit a transformatorului double cos_alfa_min = 0; int miu0 = 7; double UdN = 0; double UdN_star = 436; double dxn = 0; double drn = 0; double Rd = 81.19; double numarator = 0; double numitor = 1; double Usn = 400; double delta_us = 36; double Ud0 = 0; double Us_star = 0; double Kds = (3*Math.sqrt(2))/Math.PI; int AP = 0; //0 sau 1 double Kc = 1.05; double Lc = 0; double Pc = 0; double L_sigma = 6.27; double LB2 = 0; double LB1 = 0; double Kcm = 0.302; double KB2 = 0.30; double KB1 = 0.13; double K2m = 1; double K1m = 1; double LB = 0; int TRTIP = 1; //0 sau 1 double P_TR = 3.47; double Ktr = 1.05; double Ub1 = ; double PdN = 0; double Pdmax = 0; double U = 380; double Ka = Math.sqrt(2)/3; double Is = 0; double Up = 400; double Ip = 0; double Ptr = 3000; double delta_ud = 100; double I = 6.58; double miu_degrees = 0; if (delta_mr == 0) { All Rights Reserved Page 26

8 IdN = 6.58; Idef = 4.66; Idmax = 9.87; Im = 6.58; else { CCM = 25.08; if (INV!= 0) { miu = Math.abs( Math.acos(1 - (Kx * Usc * Idmax / IdN))); //unghi de suprapunere anodica miu_degrees = (miu * 180)/Math.PI; cos_alfa_min = - Math.cos(180 - miu - miu0); else { cos_alfa_min = 0.95; UdN = 400; dxn = Usc * Kx / 2; drn = IdN * Rd / UdN; while (UdN < UdN_star*1.1 ) { //to verify numarator = UdN * (1 + drn * (Idmax - IdN) / IdN); numitor = ((Usn - delta_us)*cos_alfa_min / Usn) - dxn*idmax/idn; Ud0 = numarator / numitor; Us_star = Ud0 / Kds; if (AP!= 0) { LB = 0; Lc = (Kc * Ud0) / (Kcm * IdN); Pc = Kc * Lc * IdN * IdN; else { LB2 = (KB2 * Ud0) / (K2m * IdN - L_sigma); LB1 = KB1 * Ud0 / K1m * IdN - L_sigma; if (LB1 < LB2) { LB = LB2; else { LB = LB1; if (TRTIP!= 0) { P_TR = Ktr * Ud0 * Idef; Ub1 = KB1 * Ud0; PdN = UdN * IdN; Pdmax = UdN * Idmax; Us = Us_star; Is = Ka * Idef; Ip = Is * U / Up; P_TR = Ktr * Ud0 * Idef; Ub1 = KB1 * Ud0; PdN = UdN * IdN; Pdmax = UdN * Idmax; Us = Us_star; Is = Ka * Idef; Ip = Is * U / Up; Up;Us_star) < 0.03)) { Ub1 = KB1 * Ud0; PdN = UdN * IdN; Pdmax = UdN * Idmax; All Rights Reserved Page 27

9 Us = Us_star; Is = Ka * Idef; Ip = Is * U / Up; System.out.println("Ub1= " + Ub1 + " PdN= " + PdN + " Pdmax= " + Pdmax + " Idmax= " + Idmax + " Ptr= " + Ptr + " Us= " + Us + " UdN= " + UdN + " IdN= " + IdN); if (Us > Up) { UdN = UdN - delta_ud; else { UdN = UdN + delta_ud; if ((UdN > 0.09 * UdN_star (UdN < 1.1 * UdN_star)) { System.out.println("INV= " + INV); return; "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111 \Java\ bbin\java" -Didea.launcher.port=7532 "- Didea.launcher.bin.path=C:\Program Files (x86)\jetbrains\intellij IDEA Community Edition \bin" - Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge- 64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\rt.jar;C:\Users\Marcel\IdeaProjects\FirstProgram\out\production\FirstProgram;C:\Progra m Files (x86)\jetbrains\intellij IDEA Community Edition \lib\idea_rt.jar" com.intellij.rt.execution.application.appmain ro.marcelionel.main IV. CONCLUSION The calculation algorithm presented in this article can be developed for the calculation of parameters such as sizes of electronic ordering, calculating characteristics adjusting parameters Dynamic regime converters and identification of execution elements, etc. The Java program is simple, with the particularity that the instructions are common for other programs and is accessible to all specialists in electronics and electrical engineering. The results are obtained quickly, the program is adaptable for other applications in electronic engineering and electrical engineering. These programs such we can analyze the operating conditions stationary and dynamic operational regimes. This program is just a beginning for the research they perform in the field of static converters, and will perform in the field of behavior analysis tasks in DC and AC. The book is addressed to specialists, students and researchers in the field of electrical drives, being a direct anliza Instument easy and quick and sizing of electrical and mechanical parameters of chains electrical controls. Tool for identification and determination of functional parameters converters Power can be developed and systems for producing renewable electricity in photovoltaic systems especially in the dimensioning of both the rectifier operation unidirectional / bidirectional and inverter, taking into account all aspects of functioning of thereof. The program was developed in order to increase integration density converters in high precision actuators and decrease losses in the electronic switching converters. Its aim is to achieve the highest efficiency of operating points. Novelty lies in describing and determine the characteristics depending on the characteristics of the converter electric machine. All Rights Reserved Page 28

10 REFERENCES [1] Marcel Ionel, Octavian Marcel Ionel, Advanced System for commanding induction motors -The Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty, Valahia University of Targoviste, Romania [2] Marcel IONEL, Systems for generalized models development for electrical machinery Simpozionul Naţional de Electrotehnică, , University Polytechnic Bucharest, SNET2007, ISBN [3] Valentin DOGARU, Marcel IONEL, Traian IVANOVICI, Adela HUSU,, Nicolae OLARIU -New And Renewable Energy Sources National Conference CNSNRE 2008 organized by the Energy Environment Research Department from State University VALAHIA Targoviste, in October 2008 [4] Marcel IONEL, Octavian Marcel Ionel, Sistems of ameliorating the parameters of electrical energy by the utilization of pressing filters in the electric network, The Scientific Bulletin of the Electrical Engineering Faculty, [5] Marcel IONEL, Octavian Marcel IONEL, Absorbent filters functioning in electrical network, The Scientific Bulletin of the Electrical Engineering Faculty, no.2(9), december, 2008, p.25-27, ISSN The Scientific Bulletin of the Electrical Engineering Faculty [6] Marcel IONEL, Octavian Marcel IONEL, Optimization of electrical energy parameters by using the pressing filters in the electric networks The Scientific Bulletin of the Electrical Engineering Faculty, no.2(9), december, 2008, p.25-27, ISSN [7] Marcel IONEL, Octavian Marcel IONEL, Optimization of electrical energy parameters by using the pressing filters in the electric networks The Scientific Bulletin of the Electrical Engineering Faculty, no.2(9), december, 2008, p.25-27, ISSN The Scientific Bulletin of the Electrical Engineering Faculty [8] MARCEL IONEL, OCTAVIAN MARCEL IONEL ADVANCED COMMAND TECHNIQUES ELECTRICAL INDUCTION MACHINES, Conference, Budapest 2009 [9] MARCEL IONEL, OCTAVIAN MARCEL IONEL Control systems for high power induction machines, Jurnal Wseas, Budapest 2009; [10] Marcel IONEL, Octavian Marcel IONEL, SYSTEMS OF AMELIORATING THE PARAMETERS OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY BY THE UTILIZATION OF PRESSING FILTERS IN THE ELECTRIC NETWORKS, ian 2009, The Scientific Bulletin of the Electrical Engineering Faculty [11] MARCEL IONEL, The integration of the A.C. machines comand sistem. The Scientific Bulletin of the Electrical Engineering Faculty, no.2(9), ianuary, 2009, p.23-27, ISSN The Scientific Bulletin of the Electrical Engineering Faculty; [12] MARCEL IONEL*, OCTAVIAN MARCEL IONEL Control systems for high power induction machines, Jurnal Wseas, Budapest 2009; [13] MARCEL IONEL, Techniques of Induction Machine Vectorial Order Simulation, Conference WSEAS, Genova [14] MARCEL IONEL*, MIHAIL-FLORIN STAN**, ELENA-OTILIA VÎRJOGHE,Current Trends on Command, Control, Modeling and Simulation of the Induction Machines, Jurnal WSEAS, Genova [15] VALENTIN DOGARU ULIERU, TRAIAN IVANOVICI, ADELA GABRIELA HUSU MARCEL IONEL,The study of measuring methods for electrical resistance, the 12th WSEAS International Conference on AUTOMATIC CONTROL, MODELLING & SIMULATION, Catania 2009, ISSN: ISBN: All Rights Reserved Page 29