ETSI/TC/SMG#29 TD SMG 496/99 Miami, U.S.A Agenda Item: June 1999

Transcription

1 /TC/SMG#29 TD SMG 496/99 Miami, U.S.A Agenda Item: June 1999 Source: SMG2 CRs to GSM 03 and 05 Series (450 MHz) Introduction : This document contains 5 strategic CRs to GSM 03 and 05 Series agreed by SMG2 and forwarded to SMG for approval. Tdoc SPEC CR PHASE VERS SUBJECT CAT Page SMG A031 R GSM 400 Spectrum update B A005 R GSM 400 cell sizes and RF budgets B A017 R Introduction of GSM 400 in B A111 R GSM 400 systems introduced in B A144 R GSM 400 systems introduced in B 55

2 STC SMG2 Tdoc 791/99 Tucson, Arizona, USA Agenda Item May 31 June 4, 1999 CHANGE REQUEST No : A031 Rev 1 Please see embedded help file at the bottom of this page for instructions on how to fill in this form correctly. Technical Specification GSM / UMTS: Version: Submitted to SMG #29 for approval X Without presentation ("non-strategic") list SMG plenary meeting no. here for information with presentation ("strategic") X PT SMG CR cover form. Filename: crf26_3.doc Proposed change affects: SIM ME X Network X (at least one should be marked with an X) Work item: GSM 450 Source: SMG2 Date: June 24, 1999 Subject: GSM 400 Spectrum update Category: F Correction Release: Phase 2 A Corresponds to a correction in an earlier release Release 96 (one category B Addition of feature X Release 97 and one release C Functional modification of feature Release 98 only shall be D Editorial modification Release 99 X marked with an X) UMTS Reason for change: Addition of GSM 400 systems and editorial changes where appropriate in Clauses affected: Scope, Other specs Other releases of same spec List of CRs: affected: Other core specifications List of CRs: MS test specifications / TBRs List of CRs: BSS test specifications List of CRs: O&M specifications List of CRs: Other comments: help.doc < double-click here for help and instructions on how to create a CR.

3 GSM version Release Scope The present document gives an overview of the tasks undertaken by a GSM Mobile Station (MS) when in idle mode, that is, switched on but not having a dedicated channel allocated, e.g. not making or receiving a call, or when in group receive mode, that is, receiving a group call or broadcast call but not having a dedicated connection. It also describes the corresponding network functions. The idle mode functions are also performed by a GPRS MS as long as no dedicated channel is allocated to the MS. NOTE: The term GSM MS is used for any type of MS supporting one, or combinations, of the frequency bands specified in GSM (e.g. GSM 900, DCS 1800 and PCS 1900). The present document outlines how the requirements of the GSM 02 series Technical Specifications (especially GSM 02.11) on idle mode operation shall be implemented. Further details are given in GSM and GSM Clause 2 of the present document gives a general description of the idle mode process. Clause 3 outlines the main requirements and technical solutions of those requirements. Clause 4 describes the processes used in idle mode. There is inevitably some overlap between these clauses. Clause 5 describes the cell change procedures for a MS in group receive mode.

4 GSM version Release Normal camping For normal service, the MS has to camp on a suitable cell, tune to that cell's control channel(s), and possibly register within the PLMN so that the MS can: a) Receive system information from the PLMN, e.g., the cell options on the BCCH; b) Receive paging messages from the PLMN, e.g., when there is an incoming call for the MS; c) Initiate call setup for outgoing calls or other actions from the MS (where possible, see subclauses and 3.5.4). The choice of such a suitable cell for the purpose of receiving normal service is referred to as "normal camping". There are various requirements that a cell must satisfy before an MS can perform normal camping on it: i) It should be a cell of the selected PLMN; ii) It should not be "barred" (see subclause 3.5.1); iii) It should not be in an LA which is in the list of "forbidden LAs for roaming"; iv) The radio path loss between MS and BTS must be below a threshold set by the PLMN operator. This is estimated as shown in subclause 3.6. Initially, the MS looks for a cell which satisfies these 4 constraints ("suitable cell") by checking cells in descending order of received signal strength. If a suitable cell is found, the MS camps on it and performs any registration necessary. Cells can have two levels of priority, suitable cells which are of low priority are only camped on if there are no other suitable cells of normal priority. (This is called "cell selection"). When camped on a cell the MS regularly looks to see if there is a better cell in terms of a cell re-selection criterion, and if there is, the better cell is selected. Also if one of the other criteria changes, (e.g., the current serving cell becomes barred), or there is a downlink signalling failure (see subclause 3.6), a new cell is selected. (This is called "cell reselection"). In order to speed up these processes, a list of the RF channels containing BCCH carriers of the same PLMN is broadcast on the BCCH, see subclause 4.8. Also, the MS does not need to search all possible RF channels to find a suitable cell. If, after searching the number of RF channels, given for each frequency band below, with the strongest received signal level, a BCCH carrier has been found but no suitable cell of the selected PLMN has been found, the MS can stop the attempt to find a suitable cell of the selected PLMN. The number of channels to be searched are 15 for GSM 450, 15 for GSM 480, 30 for GSM 900 and 40 for DCS 1800 and PCS 1900.

5 STC SMG2 Tdoc 808/99 Tucson, Arizona, USA Agenda item May 31 June 4, 1999 CHANGE REQUEST No : A005 Rev 1 Please see embedded help file at the bottom of this page for instructions on how to fill in this form correctly. Technical Specification GSM / UMTS: Version: Submitted to SMG #29 for approval X Without presentation ("non-strategic") list SMG plenary meeting no. here for information with presentation ("strategic") X PT SMG CR cover form. Filename: crf26_3.doc Proposed change affects: SIM ME X Network X (at least one should be marked with an X) Work item: GSM 450 Source: SMG2 Date: June 24, 1999 Subject: GSM 400 cell sizes and RF budgets Category: F Correction Release: Phase 2 A Corresponds to a correction in an earlier release Release 96 (one category B Addition of feature X Release 97 and one release C Functional modification of feature Release 98 only shall be D Editorial modification Release 99 X marked with an X) UMTS Reason for change: Additions of GSM 400 systems where appropriate in Clauses affected: 3.3, 3.4 and Annex A. Other specs Other releases of same spec List of CRs: affected: Other core specifications List of CRs: MS test specifications / TBRs List of CRs: BSS test specifications List of CRs: O&M specifications List of CRs: Other comments: help.doc < double-click here for help and instructions on how to create a CR.

6 GSM version Release RF-budgets The RF-link between a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) and a Mobile Station (MS) including handheld is best described by an RF-budget. as ina annex A which consists of 4 such budgets; A.1 for GSM 900 MS class 4; A.2 for GSM 900 MS class 2, A.3 for DCS 1800 MS classes 1 and 2, and A.4 for GSM 900 class 4 in small cells, and A.5 for GSM 400 class 4 in small cells. The antenna gain for the hand portable unit can be set to 0 dbi due to loss in the human body as described in CCIR Report 567. An explicit body loss factor is incorporated in annex A.3 At 900 MHz, the indoor loss is the field strength decrease when moving into a house on the bottom floor on 1.5 m height from the street. The indoor loss near windows ( < 1 m) is typically 12 db. However, the building loss has been measured by the Finnish PTT to vary between 37 db and -8 db with an average of 18 db taken over all floors and buildings (Kajamaa, 1985). See also CCIR Report 567. At 1800 MHz, the indoor loss for large concrete buildings was reported in COST 231 TD(90)117 and values in the range db were measured. Since these buildings are typical of urban areas a value of 15 db is assumed in annex A.3. In rural areas the buildings tend to be smaller and a 10 db indoor loss is assumed. The isotropic power is defined as the RMS value at the terminal of an antenna with 0 dbi gain. A quarter-wave monopole mounted on a suitable earth-plane (car roof) without losses has antenna gain 2 dbi. An isotropic power of -113 dbm corresponds to a field strength of 23.5 dbuv/m for 925 MHz and 29.3 dbuv/m at 1795 MHz, see CEPT Recommendation T/R and GSM section 5 for formulas. GSM900 BTS can be connected to the same feeders and antennas as analog 900 MHz BTS by diplexers with less than 0.5 db loss. 3.4 Cell ranges Large cells In large cells the base station antenna is installed above the maximum height of the surrounding roof tops; the path loss is determined mainly by diffraction and scattering at roof tops in the vicinity of the mobile i.e. the main rays propagate above the roof tops; the cell radius is minimally 1 km and normally exceeds 3 km. Hata's model and its extension up to 2000 MHz (COST 231-Hata model) can be used to calculate the path loss in such cells (see COST 231 TD (90) 119 Rev 2 and annex B). The field strength on 1.5 m reference height outdoor for MS including handheld is a value which inserted in the curves of CCIR Report Figure 2 (Okumura) together with the BTS antenna height and effective radiated power (ERP) yields the range and re-use distance for urban areas (section 5.2). The cell range can also be calculated by putting the maximum allowed path loss between isotropic antennas into the Figures 1 to 3 of annex C. The same path loss can be found in the RF-budgets in annex A. The figures 1 and 2 (GSM 900) in annex C are based on Hata's propagation model which fits Okumura's experimental curves up to 1500 MHz and figure 3 (DCS 1800) is based on COST 231-Hata model according to COST 231 TD (90) 119 Rev 2. The example RF-budget shown in annex A.1 for a GSM900 MS handheld output power 2 W yields about double the range outdoors compared with indoors. This means that if the cells are dimensioned for handhelds with indoor loss 10 db, the outdoor coverage for MS will be interference limited, see section 4.2. Still more extreme coverage can be found over open flat land of 12 km as compared with 3 km in urban areas outdoor to the same cell site. For GSM 900 the Max EIRP of 50 W matches MS class 2 of max peak output power 8 W, see annex A.2. An example RF budget for DCS 1800 is shown in annex A.3. Range predictions are given for 1 W and 250 mw DCS 1800 MS with BTS powers which balance the up- and down- links. The propagation assumptions used in annex A1, A2, A3 are shown in the tables below : For GSM 900 : Rural Rural Urban

7 GSM version Release 1997 (Open Area) 9 (Quasi-open) Base station height (m) Mobile height (m) Hata's loss log(d) log(d) log(d) formula (d in km) Indoor Loss (db) For DCS 1800 : Rural Rural Urban (*) (Open Area) (Quasi-Open) Base station height (m) Mobile height (m) COST log(d) log(d) log (d) Hata's loss formula (d in km) Indoor Loss (db) (*) medium sized city and suburban centres (see COST 231 TD (90) 119 Rev2). For metropolitan centres add 3 db to the path loss. NOTE 1: The rural (Open Area) model is useful for desert areas and the rural (Quasi-Open) for countryside. NOTE 2: The correction factors for Quasi-open and Open areas are applicable in the frequency range MHz (Okumura,1968) Small cells For small cell coverage the antenna is sited above the median but below the maximum height of the surrounding roof tops and so therefore the path loss is determined by the same mechanisms as stated in section However large and small cells differ in terms of maximum range and for small cells the maximum range is typically less than 1-3 km. In the case of small cells with a radius of less than 1 km the Hata model cannot be used. The COST 231-Walfish-Ikegami model (see annex B) gives the best approximation to the path loss experienced when small cells with a radius of less than 5 km are implemented in urban environments. It can therefore be used to estimate the BTS ERP required in order to provide a particular cell radius (typically in the range 200 m - 3 km). The cell radius can be calculated by putting the maximum allowed path loss between the isotropic antennas into figure 4 of annex C. The following parameters have been used to derive figure 4 : Width of the road, w = 20 m Height of building roof tops, Hroof = 15 m Height of base station antenna, Hb = 17 m Height of mobile station antenna, Hm = 1.5 m Road orientation to direct radio path, Phi = 90 Building separation, b = 40 m For GSM 900 the corresponding propagation loss is given by :

8 GSM version Release Loss (db) = log(d/km) For DCS 1800 the corresponding propagation loss is given by: Loss (db) = 142,9 + 38log(d/km) for medium sized cities and suburban centres Loss (db) = 145,3 + 38log(d/km) for metropolitan centres An example of RF budget for a GSM 900 Class 4 MS in a small cell is shown in annex A Microcells COST 231 defines a microcell as being a cell in which the base station antenna is mounted generally below roof top level. Wave propagation is determined by diffraction and scattering around buildings i.e. the main rays propagate in street canyons. COST 231 proposes the following experimental model for microcell propagation when a free line of sight exists in a street canyon: Path loss in db (GSM 900) = 101,7 + 26log(d/km) d > 20 m Path loss in db (DCS 1800) = 107,7 + 26log(d/km) d > 20 m The propagation loss in microcells increases sharply as the receiver moves out of line of sight, for example, around a street corner. This can be taken into account by adding 20 db to the propagation loss per corner, up to two or three corners (the propagation being more of a guided type in this case). Beyond, the complete COST231-Walfish-Ikegami model as presented in annex B should be used. Microcells have a radius in the region of 200 to 300 metres and therefore exhibit different usage patterns from large and small cells. They can be supported by generally smaller and cheaper BTS's. Since there will be many different microcell environments, a number of microcell BTS classes are defined in GSM This allows the most appropriate microcell BTS to be chosen based upon the Minimum Coupling Loss expected between MS and the microcell BTS. The MCL dictates the close proximity working in a microcell environment and depends on the relative BTS/MS antenna heights, gains and the positioning of the BTS antenna. In order to aid cell planning, the micro-bts class for a particular installation should be chosen by matching the measured or predicted MCL at the chosen site with the following table. The microcell specifications have been based on a frequency spacing of 6 MHz between the microcell channels and the channels used by any other cell in the vicinity. However, for smaller frequency spacings (down to 1.8 MHz) a larger MCL must be maintained in order to guarantee successful close proximity operation. This is due to an increase in wideband noise and a decrease in the MS blocking requirement from mobiles closer to the carrier. Micro-BTS class Recommended MCL (GSM 900) Recommended MCL (DCS 1800) Normal Small freq. spacing Normal Small freq. spacing M M M Operators should note that when using the smaller frequency spacing and hence larger MCL the blocking and wideband noise performance of the micro-bts will be better than necessary. Operators should exercise caution in choosing the microcell BTS class and transmit power. If they depart from the recommended parameters in they risk compromising the performance of the networks operating in the same frequency band and same geographical area.

9 GSM version Release Annex A.5: Example of RF-budget for GSM 400 Class4 (peak power 2 W) in a (small) cell Propagation over land in urban and rural areas Receiving end: BTS MS Eq. TX : MS BTS (db) Noise figure(multicoupl.input) db 8 8 A Multipath profile TU100 TU100 Ec/No min. fading db 8 8 B RX RF-input sensitivity dbm C=A+B+W-174 Interference degrad. margin db 3 3 D (W=54.3 dbhz) Cable loss + connector db 4 0 E RX-antenna gain dbi 12 0 F Diversity gain db - 0 F1 Isotropic power, 50 % Ps dbm G=C+D+E-F-F1 Lognormal margin 50 % ->75 % Ps db 5 5 H Isotropic power, 75 % Ps dbm I=G+H Field Strength 75 % Ps J=I+131 at 450 MHz Transmitting end: MS BTS Eq. RX: BTS MS (db) TX PA output peak power W (mean power over burst) dbm K Isolator + combiner + filter db 0 3 L RF Peak power,(ant.connector) dbm M=K-L 1) W Cable loss + connector db 0 4 N TX-antenna gain dbi 0 12 O Peak EIRP W 2 20 dbm P=M-N+O Isotropic path loss,50 % Ps 2) db Q=P-G-3 Isotropic path loss, 75 % Ps db R=P-I-3 Range km - 75 % Ps Urban, out of doors 3.41 Urban, indoors 1) The MS peak power is defined as: a) If the radio has an antenna connector, it shall be measured into a 50 Ohm resistive load. b) If the radio has an integral antenna, a reference antenna with 0 dbi gain shall be assumed. 2) 3 db of the path loss is assumed to be due to antenna/body loss. 2)3)

10 STC SMG2 Tdoc 768/99 Tucson, Arizona, United States Agenda item May 31 June CHANGE REQUEST No : A017 rev1 Please see embedded help file at the bottom of this page for instructions on how to fill in this form correctly. Technical Specification GSM / UMTS: Version: Submitted to SMG #29 for approval X Without presentation ("non-strategic") list SMG plenary meeting no. here for information with presentation ("strategic") X PT SMG CR cover form. Filename: crf26_3.doc Proposed change affects: SIM ME X Network X (at least one should be marked with an X) Work item: GSM 450 Source: SMG2 Date: June 24, 1999 Subject: Introduction of GSM 400 in Category: F Correction Release: Phase 2 A Corresponds to a correction in an earlier release Release 96 (one category B Addition of feature X Release 97 and one release C Functional modification of feature Release 98 only shall be D Editorial modification Release 99 X marked with an X) UMTS Reason for change: Introduction of GSM 400 bands Clauses affected: 1, 9 Other specs Other releases of same spec List of CRs: affected: Other core specifications List of CRs: MS test specifications / TBRs List of CRs: BSS test specifications List of CRs: O&M specifications List of CRs: Other comments: help.doc < double-click here for help and instructions on how to create a CR.

11 GSM version Release Scope This Technical Specification (TS) is an introduction to the 05 series of the digital cellular telecommunications systems GSM technical specifications for GSM, DCS and PCS It is not of a mandatory nature, but consists of a general description of the organization of the physical layer with reference to the technical specifications where each part is specified in detail. It introduces furthermore, the reference configuration that will be used throughout this series of technical specifications.

12 GSM version Release Transmission and reception The modulated stream is then transmitted on a radio frequency carrier. The frequency bands and channel arrangement are the following. i) GSM 450 Band; For GSM 450, the system is required to operate in the following frequency band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive; MHz: base transmit, mobile receive; ii) GSM 480 Band; For GSM 480, the system is required to operate in the following frequency band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive; MHz: base transmit, mobile receive; iii) Standard or primary GSM 900 Band, P-GSM; For Standard GSM 900 Band, the system is required to operate in the following frequency band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz: base transmit, mobile receive ivii) Extended GSM 900 Band, E-GSM (includes Standard GSM 900 band); For Extended GSM 900 Band, the system is required to operate in the following frequency band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz: base transmit, mobile receive viii) Railways GSM 900 Band, R-GSM (includes Standard and Extended GSM 900 Band); For Railways GSM 900 Band, the system is required to operate in the following frequency band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz: base transmit, mobile receive viiv) DCS Band; For DCS 1 800, the system is required to operate in the following frequency band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz: base transmit, mobile receive vii)pcs 1900 Band; For PCS 1900, the system is required to operate in the following frequency band; MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz: base transmit, mobile receive NOTE 1: The term GSM 400 is used for any GSM system, which operates in any 400 MHz band. NOTE 21:The term GSM 900 is used for any GSM system, which operates in any 900 MHz band.

13 GSM version Release 1998 NOTE 32:The BTS may cover thea complete band, or the BTS capabilities may be restricted to a subset only, depending on the operator needs. Operators may implement networks on a combination of the frequency bands above to support multi band mobile stations, which are defined in GSM The RF channel spacing is 200 khz, allowing for 35 (GSM 450), 35 (GSM 480), 194 (GSM 900), 374 (DCS 1 800) and 299 (PCS 1900) radio frequency channels, thus leaving a guard band of 200 khz at each end of the subbands. The specific RF channels, together with the requirements on the transmitter and the receiver will be found in GSM (Transmission and reception) and in GSM for the CTS-FP. 22 In order to allow for low power consumption for different categories of mobiles (e.g. vehicle mounted, hand-held,...), different power classes have been defined. For GSM 400 and GSM 900 there are four power classes with the maximum power class having 8 W peak output power (ca 1 W mean output power) and the minimum having 0,8 W peak output power. For DCS there are three power classes of 4 W peak output power, 1 W peak output power (ca 0,125 W mean) and 0,25 W peak output power. For PCS 1900 there are three power classes of 2 watts, 1 watt and.25 watt peak output power. Multi band mobile stations may have any combinations of the allowed power classes for each of the bands supported. The power classes are specified in GSM and in GSM for CTS-FP. The requirements on the overall transmission quality together with the measurement conditions are also in GSM and in GSM for CTS-FP.

14 STC SMG2 Tdoc 861/99 Tucson, Arizona, United States Agenda item May 31 June CHANGE REQUEST No : A111 rev2 Please see embedded help file at the bottom of this page for instructions on how to fill in this form correctly. Technical Specification GSM / UMTS: Version: Submitted to SMG #29 for approval X Without presentation ("non-strategic") list SMG plenary meeting no. here for information with presentation ("strategic") X PT SMG CR cover form. Filename: crf26_3.doc Proposed change affects: SIM ME X Network X (at least one should be marked with an X) Work item: GSM 450 Source: SMG2 Date: June 24, 1999 Subject: GSM 400 systems introduced in Category: F Correction Release: Phase 2 A Corresponds to a correction in an earlier release Release 96 (one category B Addition of feature X Release 97 and one release C Functional modification of feature Release 98 only shall be D Editorial modification Release 99 X marked with an X) UMTS Reason for change: Addition of GSM 400 systems in Clauses affected: 1, 2, 4.1, 4.1.1, 4.1.2, , 4.2, 4.2.1, 4.2.2, 4.3, 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.3.3, , 4.5.2, 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.5, 6.6, A, D, E, F Other specs Other releases of same spec List of CRs: affected: Other core specifications List of CRs: MS test specifications / TBRs List of CRs: BSS test specifications List of CRs: O&M specifications List of CRs: Other comments: help.doc < double-click here for help and instructions on how to create a CR.

15 6 1 Scope This EN defines the requirements for the transceiver of the pan-european digital cellular telecommunications systems GSM.mobile cellular and personal communication systems operating in the GSM 900 MHz and MHz band (GSM 900 and DCS 1 800), and in the PCS MHz band. Requirements are defined for two categories of parameters: - Those that are required to provide compatibility between the radio channels, connected either to separate or common antennas, that are used in the system. This category also includes parameters providing compatibility with existing systems in the same or adjacent frequency bands. - Those that define the transmission quality of the system. This EN defines RF characteristics for the Mobile Station (MS) and Base Station System (BSS). The BSS will contain either Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) or microcell base transceiver stations (micro-bts). The precise measurement methods are specified in GSM and GSM Unless otherwise stated, the requirements defined in this EN apply to the full range of environmental conditions specified for the equipment (see annex D). In this EN some relaxation's are introduced for GSM 400 MSs and GSM 900 MSs which fulfil the following conditions: - pertain to power class 4 or 5 (see subclause 4.1.1); - not designed to be vehicle mounted (see GSM 02.06). In this EN these Mobile Stations are referred to as "small MS". NOTE: In this EN, a handheld which can be connected to a car kit is not considered to be vehicle mounted. MSs may operate on more than one of the frequency bands specified in clause 2. These MSs, defined in GSM 02.06, are referred to as "Multi band MSs" in this EN. Multi band MSs shall meet all requirements for each of the bands supported. The relaxation on GSM 400 MSs and GSM 900 for a "small MS" are also valid for a multi band MS if it complies with the definition of a small MS. The RF characteristics of repeaters are defined in annex E of this EN. Annexes D and E are the only clauses of this EN applicable to repeaters. Annex E does not apply to the MS or BSS.

16 7 2 Frequency bands and channel arrangement i) GSM 450 Band; For GSM 450, the system is required to operate in the following band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz base transmit, mobile receive ii) GSM 480 Band; For GSM 480, the system is required to operate in the following band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz base transmit, mobile receive iii) Standard or primary GSM 900 Band, P-GSM: For Standard GSM 900 band, the system is required to operate in the following frequency band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz: base transmit, mobile receive ivii) Extended GSM 900 Band, E-GSM (includes Standard GSM 900 band): For Extended GSM 900 band, the system is required to operate in the following frequency band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz: base transmit, mobile receive viii) Railways GSM 900 Band, R-GSM (includes Standard and Extended GSM 900 Band); For Railways GSM 900 band, the system is required to operate in the following frequency band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz: base transmit, mobile receive viiv) DCS Band: For DCS 1 800, the system is required to operate in the following band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz: base transmit, mobile receive vii)pcs Band: For PCS 1 900, the system is required to operate in the following band: MHz: mobile transmit, base receive MHz base transmit, mobile receive NOTE: NOTE: NOTE: The term GSM 400 is used for any GSM system, which operates in any 400 MHz band. The term GSM 900 is used for any GSM system, which operates in any 900 MHz band. The BTS may cover thea complete band, or the BTS capabilities may be restricted to a subset only, depending on the operator needs.

17 8 Operators may implement networks which operates on a combination of the frequency bands above to support multi band mobile terminals which are defined in GSM The carrier spacing is 200 khz. The carrier frequency is designated by the absolute radio frequency channel number (ARFCN). If we call Fl(n) the frequency value of the carrier ARFCN n in the lower band, and Fu(n) the corresponding frequency value in the upper band, we have: P-GSM 900 Fl(n) = *n 1 n 124 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 45 E-GSM 900 Fl(n) = *n 0 n 124 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 45 Fl(n) = *(n-1024) 975 n R-GSM 900 Fl(n) = *n 0 n 124 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 45 Fl(n) = *(n-1024) 955 n 1023 DCS Fl(n) = *(n-512) 512 n 885 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 95 PCS FI(n) = *(n-512) 512 n 810 Fu(n) = FI(n) + 80 GSM 450 Fl(n) = *(n-259) 259 n 293 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 10 GSM 480 Fl(n) = *(n-306) 306 n 340 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 10 Frequencies are in MHz.

18 9 4.1 Output power Mobile Station The MS maximum output power and lowest power control level shall be, according to its class, as defined in the following table (see also GSM 02.06). Power GSM 400 & GSM 900 DCS PCS Tolerance (db) class Nominal Maximum output Nominal Maximum output Nominal Maximum output for conditions power power power normal extreme NOTE: W (30 dbm) 1 W (30 dbm) ±2 ± W (39 dbm) 0.25 W (24 dbm) 0.25 W (24 dbm) ±2 ± W (37 dbm) 4 W (36 dbm) 2 W (33 dbm) ±2 ± W (33 dbm) ±2 ± W (29 dbm) ±2 ±2.5 The lowest nominal output power for all classes of GSM 400 and GSM 900 MS is 5 dbm and for all classes of DCS and PCS MS is 0 dbm. A multi band MS has a combination of the power class in each band of operation from the table above. Any combination may be used. The PCS MS, including its actual antenna gain, shall not exceed a maximum of 2 Watts (+33 dbm) EIRP per the applicable FCC rules for wideband PCS services [ANSI T1.610, Generic Procedures for Supplementary Services, 1990]. Power Class 3 is restricted to transportable or vehicular mounted units. The different power control levels needed for adaptive power control (see GSM 05.08) shall have the nominal output power as defined in the table below, starting from the power control level for the lowest nominal output power up to the power control level for the maximum nominal output power corresponding to the class of the particular MS as defined in the table above. Whenever a power control level commands the MS to use a nominal output power equal to or greater than the maximum nominal output power for the power class of the MS, the nominal output power transmitted shall be the maximum nominal output power for the MS class, and the tolerance of ±2 or 2.5 db (see table above) shall apply. GSM 400 and GSM 900 Power control level Nominal Output power (dbm) Tolerance (db) for conditions normal extreme ±2 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±5 ± ±5 ± ±5 ± ±5 ±6

19 10 DCS Power control level Nominal Output power (dbm) Tolerance (db) for conditions normal extreme ±2 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±3 ± ±4 ± ±4 ± ±4 ± ±4 ± ±4 ± ±5 ± ±5 ±6 NOTE 1: For DCS 1 800, the power control levels 29, 30 and 31 are not used when transmitting the parameter MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH on BCCH, for cross phase compatibility reasons. If levels greater than 30 dbm are required from the MS during a random access attempt, then these shall be decoded from parameters broadcast on the BCCH as described in GSM Furthermore, the difference in output power actually transmitted by the MS between two power control levels where the difference in nominal output power indicates an increase of 2 db (taking into account the restrictions due to power class), shall be +2 ± 1.5 db. Similarly, if the difference in output power actually transmitted by the MS between two power control levels where the difference in nominal output power indicates an decrease of 2 db (taking into account the restrictions due to power class), shall be -2 ± 1.5 db. NOTE 2: A 2 db nominal difference in output power can exist for non-adjacent power control levels e.g. power control levels 18 and 22 for GSM 400 and GSM 900; power control levels 31 and 0 for class 3 DCS and power control levels 3 and 6 for class 4 GSM 400 and GSM 900. A change from any power control level to any power control level may be required by the base transmitter. The maximum time to execute this change is specified in GSM

20 11 PCS Power Control Level Output Power (dbm) Tolerance (db) for conditions Normal Extreme Reserved Reserved Reserved ± 2 db ± 2.5 db ± 2 db ± 2.5 db 0 30 ± 3 db 1 ± 4 db ± 3 db ± 4 db 2 26 ± 3 db ± 4 db 3 24 ± 3 db 1 ± 4 db ± 3 db ± 4 db 5 20 ± 3 db ± 4 db 6 18 ± 3 db ± 4 db 7 16 ± 3 db ± 4 db 8 14 ± 3 db ± 4 db 9 12 ± 4 db ± 5 db ± 4 db ± 5 db 11 8 ± 4 db ± 5 db 12 6 ± 4 db ± 5 db 13 4 ± 4 db ± 5 db 14 2 ± 5 db ± 6 db 15 0 ± 5 db ± 6 db Reserved Reserved Reserved Note 1: Tolerance for MS Power Classes 1 and 2 is ± 2 db normal and ± 2.5 db extreme at Power Control Levels 0 and 3 respectively. The output power actually transmitted by the MS at each of the power control levels shall form a monotonic sequence, and the interval between power steps shall be 2 db ±1.5 db except for the step between power control levels 30 and 31 where the interval is 1 db ±1 db. The MS transmitter may be commanded by the BTS to change from any power control level to any other power control level. The maximum time to execute this change is specified in GSM For CTS transmission, the nominal maximum output power of the MS shall be restricted to : - 11 dbm (0.015 W) in GSM 900 i.e. power control level dbm (0.016 W) in DCS i.e. power control level Base station The Base Station Transmitter maximum output power, measured at the input of the BSS Tx combiner, shall be, according to its class, as defined in the following tables: GSM 400 & GSM 900 DCS & PCS TRX Maximum TRX Maximum power class output power power class output power (< 640) W (< 40) W (< 320) W (< 20) W (< 160) W (< 10) W (< 80) W (< 5) W (< 40) W (< 20) W (< 10) W (< 5) W

21 12 The micro-bts maximum output power per carrier measured at the antenna connector after all stages of combining shall be, according to its class, defined in the following table. GSM 900 micro and pico-bts DCS & PCS micro and pico-bts TRX power class Micro Maximum output power TRX power class Micro Maximum output power M1 (> 19) - 24 dbm ((> 0.08) W) M1 (> 27) - 32 dbm ((> 0.5) W) M2 (> 14) - 19 dbm ((> 0.03) W) M2 (> 22) - 27 dbm ((> 0.16) W) M3 (> 9) - 14 dbm ((> 0.01) W) M3 (> 17) - 22 dbm ((> 0.05) W) Pico P1 (> 13) - 20 dbm ((> 0.02) W) P1 (> 16) - 23 dbm ((> 0.04) W) The tolerance of the actual maximum output power of the BTS shall be ±2 db under normal conditions and ±2.5 db under extreme conditions. Settings shall be provided to allow the output power to be reduced from its maximum level in at least six steps of nominally 2 db with an accuracy of ±1 db to allow a fine adjustment of the coverage by the network operator. In addition, the actual absolute output power at each static RF power step (N) shall be 2*N db below the absolute output power at static RF power step 0 with a tolerance of ±3 db under normal conditions and ±4 db under extreme conditions. The static RF power step 0 shall be the actual output power according to the TRX power class. As an option the BSS can utilize downlink RF power control. In addition to the static RF power steps described above, the BSS may then utilize up to 15 steps of power control levels with a step size of 2 db ±1.5 db, in addition the actual absolute output power at each power control level (N) shall be 2*N db below the absolute output power at power control level 0 with a tolerance of ±3 db under normal conditions and ±4 db under extreme conditions. The power control level 0 shall be the set output power according to the TRX power class and the six power settings defined above. Network operators or manufacturers may also specify the BTS output power including any Tx combiner, according to their needs Additional requirements for PCS Base stations (PCS 1 900) The BTS transmitter maximum rated output power per carrier, measured at the input of the transmitter combiner, shall be, according to its TRX power class, as defined in the table above. The base station output power may also be specified by the manufacturer or system operator at a different reference point (e.g. after transmitter combining). The maximum radiated power from the BTS, including its antenna system, shall not exceed a maximum of 1640 W EIRP, equivalent to 1000 W ERP, per the applicable FCC rules for wideband PCS services [14]. 4.2 Output RF spectrum The specifications contained in this subclause apply to both BTS and MS, in frequency hopping as well as in non frequency hopping mode, except that beyond 1800 khz offset from the carrier the BTS is not tested in frequency hopping mode. Pico Due to the bursty nature of the signal, the output RF spectrum results from two effects: - the modulation process; - the power ramping up and down (switching transients). The two effects are specified separately; the measurement method used to analyse separately those two effects is specified in GSM and It is based on the "ringing effect" during the transients, and is a measurement in the time domain, at each point in frequency. The limits specified thereunder are based on a 5-pole synchronously tuned measurement filter. Unless otherwise stated, for the BTS, only one transmitter is active for the tests of this subclause.

22 Spectrum due to the modulation and wide band noise The output RF modulation spectrum is specified in the following tables. A mask representation of this specification is shown in annex A. This specification applies for all RF channels supported by the equipment. The specification applies to the entire of the relevant transmit band and up to 2 MHz either side. The specification shall be met under the following measurement conditions: - For BTS up to 1800 khz from the carrier and for MS in all cases: Zero frequency scan, filter bandwidth and video bandwidth of 30 khz up to 1800 khz from the carrier and 100 khz at 1800 khz and above from the carrier, with averaging done over 50 % to 90 % of the useful part of the transmitted bursts, excluding the midamble, and then averaged over at least 200 such burst measurements. Above 1800 khz from the carrier only measurements centred on 200 khz multiples are taken with averaging over 50 bursts. - For BTS at 1800 khz and above from the carrier: Swept measurement with filter and video bandwidth of 100 khz, minimum sweep time of 75 ms, averaging over 200 sweeps. All slots active, frequency hopping disabled. - When tests are done in frequency hopping mode, the averaging shall include only bursts transmitted when the hopping carrier corresponds to the nominal carrier of the measurement. The specifications then apply to the measurement results for any of the hopping frequencies. The figures in tables a) and b) below, at the vertically listed power level (dbm) and at the horizontally listed frequency offset from the carrier (khz), are then the maximum allowed level (db) relative to a measurement in 30 khz on the carrier. NOTE: This approach of specification has been chosen for convenience and speed of testing. It does however require careful interpretation if there is a need to convert figures in the following tables into spectral density values, in that only part of the power of the carrier is used as the relative reference, and in addition different measurement bandwidths are applied at different offsets from the carrier. Appropriate conversion factors for this purpose are given in GSM For the BTS, the power level is the "actual absolute output power" defined in subclause If the power level falls between two of the values in the table, the requirement shall be determined by linear interpolation.

23 14 a1) GSM 400 and GSM 900 MS: <1800 <3000 < a2) GSM 400 and GSM 900 normal BTS: < 1200 < 1800 < a3) GSM 900 micro-bts: < 1200 < a4) GSM 900 pico-bts: < 1200 < 1800 < b1)dcs MS: < 1800 < [tdb]

24 15 b2)dcs normal BTS: < 1200 < 1800 < b3)dcs micro-bts: < 1200 < b4)dcs pico-bts: < 1200 < 1800 < c1)pcs MS: < 1200 < 1800 < c2)pcs normal BTS: < 1200 < 1800 <

25 16 c3)pcs micro-bts: The PCS micro-bts spectrum due to modulation and noise at all frequency offsets greater than 1.8 MHz from carrier shall be -76 db for all micro-bts classes. These are average levels in a measurement bandwidth of 100 khz relative to a measurement in 30 khz on carrier. The measurement will be made in non-frequency hopping mode under the conditions specified for the normal BTS. The following exceptions shall apply, using the same measurement conditions as specified above; i) In the combined range 600 khz to 6 MHz above and below the carrier, in up to three bands of 200 khz width centred on a frequency which is an integer multiple of 200 khz, exceptions at up to -36 dbm are allowed. ii) Above 6 MHz offset from the carrier in up to 12 bands of 200 khz width centred on a frequency which is an integer multiple of 200 khz, exceptions at up to -36 dbm are allowed. For the BTS only one transmitter is active for this test. Using the same measurement conditions as specified above, if a requirement in tables a) and b) is tighter than the limit given in the following, the latter shall be applied instead. iii) For MS: Frequency offset from the carrier GSM 400 & GSM 900 DCS &PCS < 600 khz -36 dbm -36 dbm 600 khz, < khz -51 dbm -56 dbm khz -46 dbm -51 dbm iv) For normal BTS, whereby the levels given here in db are relative to the output power of the BTS at the lowest static power level measured in 30 khz: Frequency offset from the carrier GSM 400 & GSM 900 DCS & PCS < khz max {-88 db, -65 dbm} max {-88 db, -57 dbm} khz max {-83 db, -65 dbm} max {-83 db, -57 dbm} v) For micro and pico -BTS, at khz and above from the carrier: Power Class GSM 900 DCS & PCS M1-59 dbm -57 dbm M2-64 dbm -62 dbm M3 P1-69 dbm -68dBm -67 dbm -65dBm Spectrum due to switching transients Those effects are also measured in the time domain and the specifications assume the following measurement conditions: zero frequency scan, filter bandwidth 30 khz, peak hold, and video bandwidth 100 khz. The example of a waveform due to a burst as seen in a 30 khz filter offset from the carrier is given thereunder (figure 1).

26 17 db Max-hold level = peak of switching transients Switching transients Video average level = spectrum due to modulation 0% 50% midamble Averaging 90% 100% t period Useful part of the burst Figure 1: Example of a time waveform due to a burst as seen in a 30 khz filter offset from the carrier a) Mobile Station: Power level Maximum level measured 400 khz 600 khz khz khz 39 dbm -21 dbm -26 dbm -32 dbm -36 dbm 37 dbm -23 dbm -26 dbm -32 dbm -36 dbm NOTE 1: The relaxation's for power level 39 dbm is in line with the modulated spectra and thus causes negligible additional interference to an analogue system by a GSM signal. NOTE 2: The near-far dynamics with this specification has been estimated to be approximately 58 db for MS operating at a power level of 8 W or 49 db for MS operating at a power level of 1 W. The near-far dynamics then gradually decreases by 2 db per power level down to 32 db for MS operating in cells with a maximum allowed output power of 20 mw or 29 db for MS operating at 10 mw. NOTE 3: The possible performance degradation due to switching transient leaking into the beginning or the end of a burst, was estimated and found to be acceptable with respect to the BER due to cochannel interference (C/I). b) Base transceiver station:

27 18 The maximum level measured, after any filters and combiners, at the indicated offset from the carrier, is: Maximum level measured 400 khz 600 khz khz khz GSM 400 & GSM dbc -67 dbc -74 dbc -74 dbc DCS & PCS dbc -58 dbc -66 dbc -66 dbc or -36 dbm, whichever is the higher. dbc means relative to the output power at the BTS, measured at the same point and in a filter bandwidth of at least 300 khz. NOTE 4: Some of the above requirements are different from those specified in subclause Spurious emissions The limits specified thereunder are based on a 5-pole synchronously tuned measurement filter. In addition to the requirements of this section, the PCS BTS and PCS MS shall also comply with the applicable limits for spurious emissions established by the FCC rules for wideband PCS services [14] Principle of the specification In this subclause, the spurious transmissions (whether modulated or unmodulated) and the switching transients are specified together by measuring the peak power in a given bandwidth at various frequencies. The bandwidth is increased as the frequency offset between the measurement frequency and, either the carrier, or the edge of the MS or BTS transmit band, increases. The effect for spurious signals of widening the measurement bandwidth is to reduce the allowed total spurious energy per MHz. The effect for switching transients is to effectively reduce the allowed level of the switching transients (the peak level of a switching transient increases by 6 db for each doubling of the measurement bandwidth). The conditions are specified in the following table, a peak-hold measurement being assumed. The measurement conditions for radiated and conducted spurious are specified separately in GSM and 11.2x series. The frequency bands where these are actually measured may differ from one type to the other (see GSM and 11.2x series). a) Band Frequency offset Measurement bandwidth (offset from carrier) relevant transmit 1.8 MHz 30 khz band 6 MHz 100 khz b) Band Frequency offset Measurement bandwidth 100 khz - 50 MHz - 10 khz 50 MHz MHz khz above 500 MHz outside the (offset from edge of the relevant transmit band relevant above band) 2 MHz 30 khz 5 MHz 100 khz 10 MHz 300 khz 20 MHz 1 MHz 30 MHz 3 MHz The measurement settings assumed correspond, for the resolution bandwidth to the value of the measurement bandwidth in the table, and for the video bandwidth to approximately three times this value.

28 19 NOTE: For radiated spurious emissions for MS with antenna connectors, and for all spurious emissions for MS with integral antennas, the specifications currently only apply to the frequency band 30 MHz to 4 GHz. The specification and method of measurement outside this band are under consideration Base Transceiver Station The power measured in the conditions specified in subclause 4.3.1a shall be no more than -36 dbm. The power measured in the conditions specified in subclause 4.3.1b shall be no more than: nw (-36 dbm) in the frequency band 9 khz - 1 GHz; - 1 µw (-30 dbm) in the frequency band GHz. NOTE 1: For radiated spurious emissions for BTS, the specifications currently only apply to the frequency band 30 MHz to 4 GHz. The specification and method of measurement outside this band are under consideration. In the BTS receive band, the power measured using the conditions specified in 4.2.1, with a filter and video bandwidth of 100 khz shall be no more than: GSM (dbm) DCS & PCS (dbm) Normal BTS Micro BTS M Micro BTS M Micro BTS M3 Pico BTS P R-GSM 900 BTS -89 These values assume a 30 db coupling loss between transmitter and receiver. If BTSs of different classes are co-sited, the coupling loss must be increased by the difference between the corresponding values from the table above. Measures must be taken for mutual protection of receivers when GSM 900 and DCS BTS of different bands are co-sited. NOTE 2: Thus, for this case, assuming the coupling losses are as above, then the power measured in the conditions specified in subclause 4.2.1, with a filter and video bandwidth of 100 khz should be no more than the values in the table above for the GSM 400 and GSM 900 transmitter in the band MHz and for GSM 400 and DCS transmitter in the band MHz. In any case, the powers measured in the conditions specified in subclause 4.2.1, with a filter and video bandwidth of 100 khz shall be no more than -47 dbm for the GSM 400 and GSM 900 BTS in the band MHz and -57 dbm for a GSM 400 and DCS BTS in the band MHz Mobile Station Mobile Station GSM 400, GSM 900 and DCS The power measured in the conditions specified in subclause 4.3.1a, for a MS when allocated a channel, shall be no more than -36 dbm. For R-GSM 900 MS except small MS the corresponding limit shall be -42 dbm. The power measured in the conditions specified in subclause 4.3.1b for a MS, when allocated a channel, shall be no more than (see also note in subclause 4.3.1b above): nw (-36 dbm) in the frequency band 9 khz - 1 GHz; - 1 µw (-30 dbm) in the frequency band GHz. The power measured in a 100 khz bandwidth for a mobile, when not allocated a channel (idle mode), shall be no more than (see also note in above):