Spectrum Sensing in Low SNR: Diversity Combining and Cooperative Communications
|
|
- Arnold Thomas
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 0 6th International Conference on Industrial and Inforation Systes, ICIIS 0, Aug. 6-9, 0, Sri Lanka Spectru Sensing in Low SR: Diversity Cobining and Cooperative Counications Saan Atapattu, Chintha Tellabura, and Hai Jiang Abstract In this paper, the detection perforance of an energy detector used for cooperative spectru sensing in cognitive radio networks is investigated under very low signal-to-noise ratio SR) levels. The analysis focuses on the derivation of closed-for expressions for the false-alar and the average issed-detection probabilities for two cases over different fading channels: i) with diversity cobining; and ii) with cooperative counications. The detection threshold is optiized by iniizing the total error rate. The analysis is validated by nuerical and sei-analytical Monte-Carlo siulation results, which focus on the sensing requireents defined in IEEE 80.. Index Ters Cognitive radio, cooperative counications, diversity cobining, energy detection, spectru sensing. detection at low SR, and deterines the optial detection threshold so as to eet the stringent IEEE 80. WRA requireents. Using optial detection threshold analysis in [9], it shows that the recoended error rate requireents cannot be achieved even at the optial threshold value in traditional wireless networks. This is a ain drawback in spectru sensing in low SR. In this paper, we address this proble using diversity cobining and/or cooperative counications. The false alar and average issed-detection probabilities are derived, and the optial threshold selection is also discussed with nuerical exaples for low SR region over different fading channels. The rest of this paper is organized as follows. Section II discusses basics of energy detection. Spectru sensing with diversity cobining and cooperative counications are considered in Section III. Section IV presents nuerical and siulation results, followed by concluding rearks in Section V. I. ITRODUCTIO The concept of cognitive radio has been introduced to alleviate the spectru under-utilization proble of wireless counications. One of the ost challenging tasks in cognitive radio networks is spectru sensing, which is required to opportunistically access the idle radio spectru. Aong several spectru sensing techniques such as atched filter, cyclostationary feature detection and eigenvalue detection, II. EERGY DETECTIO the energy detection has gained renewed interests in recent The energy detector decides whether the priary signal is research efforts due to the low coplexity and low ipleentation cost []. The test statistic of an energy detector which is present or not fro the received signal, yt) =θhst)+wt), which follows a binary hypothesis: H proportional to the received signal energy is copared with a 0 signal absent, θ =0) and H threshold to ake the decision on radio spectru availability. signal present, θ =). Here, h, st) and wt) denote the wireless channel gain, the priary signal and the additive When the transitted signal is assued to be deterinistic, white Gaussian noise AWG). The output of the integrator a basic atheatical odel of the test statistic and the of the energy detector is the test statistic which is proportional perforance of the energy detector have been analyzed in [] to the received signal energy, given as [6]. When the transitted signal is assued to be rando, the decision statistic is odeled as a Gaussian process using the central liit theore CLT) [7], [8]. However, a theoretical Λy) = yn) ) perforance analysis is not available. Thus, this paper is n= focused on the theoretical analysis for detection of rando where is the nuber of saples and yn) is the nth saple. signal, using the basic results introduced in [9]. The test statistic is then copared with a threshold λ, and The IEEE 80. wireless regional area networks WRAs) the detection decision is that the priary signal is present if proposal recoends allowable false alar probability and Λy) >λ, or the priary signal is absent otherwise. issed-detection probability be both less than 0. with the The AWG saples wn) are assued to be independent receiver sensitivity being -6dB [0] [3], and axiu and identically distributed i.i.d.) circularly syetric coplex Gaussian CSCG) rando variables with ean zero and sensing tie be less than seconds. These perforance etrics reflect the overall efficiency and reliability of the cognitive network at very low SR. However, an energy detector The signal saples sn) are fro an i.i.d. rando process with variance E[ wn) ]=σw where E[ ] stands for expectation. perfors poorly at low SR due to noise uncertainty. For low ean zero and variance E[ sn) ]=σs. For a sufficiently SR spectru sensing, a basic analytical odel is given in [9] large nuber of saples, the statistics of Λy) can be which provides theoretical analysis for perforance of energy obtained using CLT. Thus, the probability density function PDF) of Λy) under H 0, f Λ H0 x), is a noral distribution The authors are with the Departent of Electrical and Coputer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edonton, AB T6G V4, Canada eail: {atapattu, with ean σw and variance σw. 4 For given h, the PDF chintha, hai.jiang}@ece.ualberta.ca). of Λy) under H, f Λ H, h x), is a noral distribution with //$ IEEE
2 0 6th International Conference on Industrial and Inforation Systes, ICIIS 0, Aug. 6-9, 0, Sri Lanka ean σw + γ) and variance σw 4 + γ) for a coplexvalued phase-shift keying PSK) signal where γ = h σ s σw is the instantaneous receive SR. Therefore, the false alar probability, and the issed-detection probability P γ), can be evaluated as [7, eqs. 7) and 0) ]. A. Low SR Model Under the low SR assuption i.e., σs σw), the signal has a little ipact on the variance of the test statistic under H. Thus, the PDF f Λ H, h x) can be approxiated as a noral distribution with ean σw + γ) and variance σw.this 4 approxiation is used in the rest of this paper. Therefore, and P γ) can be derived as [9] = ) λ σ Erfc σ w ) w P γ) = ) λ σ Erfc w + γ), 3) σ w respectively, where Erfcz) = e t dt is the copleentary error function [4]. In [9], the accuracy of the z approxiation is confired by coparing approxiated and exact cuulative distribution function CDF) and receiver operating characteristic ROC) curves. π B. Average Missed-Detection Probability The average issed-detection probability over AWG channel is in the for of 3) when γ is replaced by the average SR,, where = E[γ]. However, the received signal is affected by the fluctuations of the propagation channel due to path loss, large-scale fading and sall-scale fading. When the SR distribution is f γ γ), the average issed-detection probability, P, can be calculated as P = 0 P x)f γ x)dx. The Rayleigh and akagai- fading channels, which can odel a variety of fading effects, are considered in [9], in which the average issed-detection probability over Rayleigh fading channel, P Ray P Ray = [ Erfc, is derived as σ w λ σ w ) e ψ + 4 σ w! λ σ w σ Erfc w λ + )] σ w, and the average issed-detection probability over akagai fading channel for integer ), P ak, is derived as ) P ak = Γ) I,p,, σ w λ 5) where In, p, a, b) ) n n p n σ w ) p= [ p +4pab Erfcb) e 4a Erfcb+ a) p p In the following section, we use these results to derive the false alar and the average issed-detection probabilities for diversity receptions and cooperative counications scenarios. 4 4) ]. III. PERFORMACE AALYSIS WITH DIVERSITY COMBIIG AD COOPERATIVE COMMUICATIOS As shown in [9], it is very difficult to eet the sensing requireents of IEEE 80. WRAs proposal in low-sr environent. Therefore, diversity cobining and/or cooperative counications can be used to iprove the detection perforance, since the two techniques can iprove end-to-end SR and the effective nuber of test statistics at the detector at the cost of processing delay and ipleentation coplexity. In this section, detection capability of these techniques is analyzed assuing low SR environents. A. Using Diversity Reception Techniques In traditional diversity techniques such as axial ratio cobining MRC), selection cobining SC), etc., the energy detector follows the cobiner. For MRC or SC, the energy detector processes the saples of cobined signal of L diversity branches as its test statistics. Thus, the effective nuber of saples for a test statistic,, is independent of L. Further, these diversity techniques do not guarantee a significant SR iproveent with a oderate nuber of diversity branches in low SR such -0dB. And also, a coherent cobining technique such as MRC needs channel state inforation in non-coherent energy detection, which increases the design coplexity. Due to these drawbacks of aforeentioned diversity techniques, energy-law cobining techniques such as square-law cobining SLC) and square-law selection SLS) are ore attractive for energy detection in cognitive radio. The energy-law cobining techniques cobine the energy of each branch to get the final test statistic. Therefore, the effective nuber of saples depends on L [4]. In what follows, the average issed-detection probabilities of SLC and SLS techniques are derived in low SR. ) Square-Law Cobining SLC): Each diversity branch has a square-law device which perfors the square-andintegrate operation. The cobiner is ipleented following the square-law operation. The decision statistic has L effective saples fro L diversity branches each branch has saples) which is given with a for of ) as L Λ SLC y) = Λy i ) where Λy i ) is the test statistic of the ith branch. With CLT, the PDF of Λ SLC y) under H 0 is a noral distribution with ean Lσw and variance Lσw, 4 and the PDF of Λ SLC y) under H is a noral distribution with ean Lσw + γ) and variance Lσw 4 + γ). For low SR, the false alar probability, and the issed-detection probability under AWG channels can be evaluated as ) and 3), respectively, with being replaced by L. With the aid of 5), the average issed-detection probability, P SLC, over akagai- fading channels can be derived as P SLC = ) Γ) I,p, ) L, Lσ w λ. Lσ w p= 6)
3 0 6th International Conference on Industrial and Inforation Systes, ICIIS 0, Aug. 6-9, 0, Sri Lanka 3 ) Square-Law Selection SLS): Siilar to SLC, each diversity branch has a square-law operation before selection cobing. In SLS, the branch with the axiu decision statistic is to be selected such as y SLS = ax{y,..., y L } [4]. The CDF of y SLS can be written for independent decision statistics as F ysls x) =P y SLS x) =P y x,..., y L x) 7) = F yi x) where F yi x) is the CDF of y i. The false alar probability is P SLS f = P y SLS λ H 0 )= Py SLS λ H 0 ) = L F y i λ H 0 ) = L P y 8) i λ H 0 )) = ) L where is given in ). Siilarly, under H, the isseddetection probability can be written as P SLS = F yi λ H )= P y i λ H )= P γ i ) where P γ i ) is given in 3) with γ i being the instantaneous SR at the ith branch. If the SR distribution of the ith branch is f γi γ i ), the average issed-detection probability can be evaluated as P SLS = L P 0 x)f γi x)dx. For i.i.d. akagai- fading branches, i.e., each branch has the sae average SR, the average issed-detection probability, P SLS can be given as P SLS = where P ak is given in 5). P ak ) L 9) B. Using Cooperative Counications Cooperative counications can iprove the signal detection capability as sharing and cobing the inforation of interediate cognitive nodes called cooperative nodes). As any previous work efforts are focused on the ediu or high SR region [5] [7], the ipact of cooperative counications in low SR is not obvious. To investigate this case, we consider the decision fusion strategy in which each cooperative node akes a decision on the priary user activity, and the individual -bit decisions are reported to the fusion center. If there are K cooperative nodes and the fusion center has k-out-of-k fusion rule i.e., the fusion center decides the presence of priary activity if there are k or ore cooperative nodes that individually decide the presence of priary activity), the false alar and the average isseddetection probabilities of cooperative counications over akagai- fading channels are K ) P Coop K f = ) i ) K i, 0) i P Coop = K i=k i=k K i ) ) i K i P,i ak P,i) ak, ) respectively, where P,i ak is the average issed-detection probability at the ith cooperative node, which is equal to 5) with being replaced by the ith channel average SR i. As shown in previous studies [7] [9], since cooperative counications provide a higher diversity advantage, the detection capability and counication reliability are iproved. Such a setup includes the reporting channels that are utually orthogonal to avoid the inter-channel interference and data collision at the fusion center. Orthogonal channels are realized either by using frequency devision FDMA) or tie devision TDMA) ultiple access techniques. As FDMA requires larger frequency bandwidth, it is not a good solution for the frequency scarcity proble. In TDMA, each reporting channel requires different tie slot which has duration τ r.if we neglect other processing delays at the cooperative nodes and the fusion center, the nuber of cooperative) nodes that can participate in the cooperation is K τ fs τ r where τ is the axiu allowable sensing tie and f s is the sapling frequency of the energy detector. Therefore, K is liited by the sensing tie. C. Threshold Selection The threshold, λ, which varies for 0 to is a coon paraeter for the false alar, the detection and the isseddetection probabilities which are denoted as λ), P d λ) and P λ), respectively. The traditional way of setting the threshold is based on the false alar probability. Such a threshold selection does not always guarantee the requireents of IEEE 80. WRAs proposal in practice. In this paper, the optial threshold λ is selected such that the total error rate defined as λ) λ)+p λ) is iniized. This is a possible way of selecting the threshold to satisfy both false alar and issed-detection probability requireents [0]. As discussed in [9], the required error rates 0. and P 0.) ay not be achieved at the optial threshold value for given and σ w in low SR, but they can be achieved by increasing. However, sensing tie, τ, isalso increased when is increased because τf s. Therefore, a possible solution is to use a diversity cobining or cooperative counications technique. For exaple, the optial threshold in SLC can be derived as [9, eq. 8)] with being replaced by L, and it can be further approxiated for low SR as λ Lσ w + ) +γ Lσw which iplies that the sensing tie can be reduced when the nuber of diversity branches increases. More nuerical exaples will be given in the next section. IV. UMERICAL/SIMULATIO RESULTS AD DISCUSSIO This section provides nuerical and sei-analytical Monte- Carlo siulation results. We define the noralized threshold as ˆλ λ, i.e., the threshold is noralized by the nuber of saples. We denote Pe = λ ), Pf = λ ), and P = P λ ) where λ is the optial threshold. Fig. shows the ROC curves of i) SLC, SLS cobining techniques, and ii) a cooperative spectru sensing network. 5
4 0 6th International Conference on Industrial and Inforation Systes, ICIIS 0, Aug. 6-9, 0, Sri Lanka P d SLC L= SLS L= 0. SLC L=5 SLS L=5 K= K=0 K= SLC L= SLC L=3 SLS L= SLS L=3.5 oralized Threshold Fig. : ROC curves for SLC and SLS diversity techniques and cooperative counications. Fig. 3: Total error rate versus noralized threshold for diversity techniques SLS and SLC) K= =-5dB K= =-0dB K=0 =-5dB K=0 =-0dB oralized threshold Fig. : Total error rate versus noralized threshold for cooperative counications. For SLC and SLS cobining techniques with =-0dB, σw =, and = 0 3 per branch over akagai- fading, the detection capability is significantly increased with L due to the effect of diversity advantage. The detection perforance difference between SLC and SLS is not clear-cut because two ROC curves of SLC and SLS cross each other for a given L. The ipacts of the nuber of cooperative nodes K) on the detection capability are shown when = -0dB σw =, and = 0 4 over AWG channels. It clearly shows that larger K iproves detection perforance. The total error rate versus noralized threshold for a cooperative sensing network over AWG channel is shown in Fig. when =-5dB, -0dB, σw =5 and = 0 3. The optial threshold is ˆλ 6, 7 when K =for =- 0dB, -5dB, respectively. Thus, the approxiation ˆλ σw is valid for the cooperative case with sall K. However, when K is increased, this approxiation is no longer valid tightly because the effective SR is increased considerably with K, and therefore, it has a significant contribution for ˆλ, e.g., ˆλ 8 for K =0. The total error rate versus noralized threshold for SLC and SLS diversity reception techniques over AWG channel is shown in Fig. 3 when = -0dB, L =, 3, σw =5 and = 0 3. The optial threshold values for SLS are ˆλ 6 for L = and ˆλ 67 for L =3. In this case, the approxiation ˆλ σw is also valid. On the other hand, for SLC, the optial threshold values are ˆλ.507 for L =and ˆλ.6 for L =3which confirs that ˆλ Lσw. Fig. 4 shows error rates at the optial threshold Pe, Pf, and P ) versus. Fig. 4a is for SLC with L=, 3 over Rayleigh fading channels at = -0dB. We chose Rayleigh channel because akagai- > ) and AWG channel odels require a saller nuber of saples than in the Rayleigh channel. As in Fig. 4a, requireent 0.) can be achieved when. 0 4 and , and P requireent P 0.) can be achieved when and for L = and L = 3, respectively. Therefore, to eet both and P requireents, we should have and for L =and L =3, 6 respectively. Thus the required sapling rates f s = τ with τ sec) are at least 970kHz and 647.5kHz for L =and L =3, respectively. Fig. 4b is for cooperative counications with K=, 3 and 4 over Rayleigh fading channels at = -0dB. The requireent can be achieved when ,
5 0 6th International Conference on Industrial and Inforation Systes, ICIIS 0, Aug. 6-9, 0, Sri Lanka 5 Error rate L= L= P L= L=3 L=3 P L=3 are considered. The false-alar and the average isseddetection probabilities are derived over fading channels. As iniizing the total error rate, the optial detection threshold is also deterined using nuerical analysis. It is shown that increasing the nuber of saples by increasing the diversity order through diversity cobining or cooperative counications) is a possible way to eet the fundaental sensing requireents specified in IEEE 80. WRAs proposal, which are on channel detection tie seconds), false alar probability 0.) and issed-detection probability 0.) at low SR -0dB). Error rate P a) b) K= K=3 K=4 Fig. 4: Error rates at the optial threshold value total error: P e ; false alar: P f ; and issed-detection: P )versus nuber of saples for a) SLC diversity technique; b) cooperative spectru sensing and.7 0 4, and P requireent can be achieved when ,. 0 5 and for K=, 3 and 4, respectively. To eet both and P requireents, we should have ,. 0 5 and for K=, 3 and 4. V. COCLUSIO The low SR detection perforance of the energy detector is studied for spectru sensing in cognitive radio networks where diversity cobining and cooperative counications 7 REFERECES [] R. Tandra and A. Sahai, SR walls for signal detection, IEEE J. Select. Topics in Signal Processing, vol., no., pp. 4 7, Feb [] H. Urkowitz, Energy detection of unknown deterinistic signals, Proc. of the IEEE, vol. 55, no. 4, pp , Apr [3] V. Kostylev, Energy detection of a signal with rando aplitude, in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Coun. ICC), May 00, pp [4] F. F. Digha, M. S. Alouini, and M. K. Sion, On the energy detection of unknown signals over fading channels, IEEE Trans. Coun., vol. 55, no., pp. 4, Jan [5] S. Atapattu, C. Tellabura, and H. Jiang, Energy detection of priary signals over η μ fading channels, in Proc. Int. Conf. Industrial and Inforation Systes ICIIS), Dec. 009, pp. 8. [6], Perforance of an energy detector over channels with both ultipath fading and shadowing, IEEE Trans. Wireless Coun., vol.9, no., pp , Dec. 00. [7] Y.-C. Liang, Y. Zeng, E. Peh, and A. T. Hoang, Sensing-throughput tradeoff for cognitive radio networks, IEEE Trans. Wireless Coun., vol. 7, no. 4, pp , Apr [8] Z. Quan, S. Cui, A. Sayed, and H. Poor, Optial ultiband joint detection for spectru sensing in cognitive radio networks, IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 8 40, Mar [9] S. Atapattu, C. Tellabura, and H. Jiang, Spectru sensing via energy detector in low SR, in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Coun. ICC), June 0. [0] C. Cordeiro, K. Challapali, D. Birru, and S. S.., IEEE 80.: An introduction to the first wireless standard based on cognitive radios, Journal of Counications JCM), vol., no., pp , Apr [] S. J. Shellhaer, Spectru sensing in IEEE 80., in st IAPR Workshop on Cognitive Inforation Processing, 008. [] C. Stevenson, G. Chouinard, Z. Lei, W. Hu, S. Shellhaer, and W. Caldwell, IEEE 80.: The first cognitive radio wireless regional area network standard, IEEE Coun. Mag., vol. 47, no., pp , Jan [3] S. Shellhaer, A. Sadek, and W. Zhang, Technical challenges for cognitive radio in the TV white space spectru, in Proc. Infor. Theory and Applications Workshop, Feb. 009, pp [4] I. S. Gradshteyn and I. M. Ryzhik, Table of Integrals, Series, and Products, 6th ed. Acadeic Press, Inc., 000. [5] A. Ghasei and E. S. Sousa, Collaborative spectru sensing for opportunistic access in fading environents, in Proc. IEEE DySPA, ov. 005, pp [6] W. Zhang and K. Ben Letaief, Cooperative counications for cognitive radio networks, Proc. of the IEEE, vol. 97, no. 5, pp , May 009. [7] W. Zhang and K. Letaief, Cooperative spectru sensing with transit and relay diversity in cognitive radio networks, IEEE Trans. Wireless Coun., vol. 7, pp , Dec [8] G. Ganesan and Y. Li, Cooperative spectru sensing in cognitive radio, part I: Two user networks, IEEE Trans. Wireless Coun., vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 04 3, June 007. [9] S. Atapattu, C. Tellabura, and H. Jiang, Energy detection based cooperative spectru sensing in cognitive radio networks, IEEE Trans. Wireless Coun., vol. 0, no. 4, pp. 3 4, Apr. 0. [0] W. Zhang, R. Mallik, and K. Letaief, Optiization of cooperative spectru sensing with energy detection in cognitive radio networks, IEEE Trans. Wireless Coun., vol. 8, no., pp , Dec. 009.
An orthogonal multi-beam based MIMO scheme. for multi-user wireless systems
An orthogonal ulti-bea based IO schee for ulti-user wireless systes Dong-chan Oh o and Yong-Hwan Lee School of Electrical Engineering and IC, Seoul ational University Kwana P.O. Box 34, Seoul, 151-600,
More informationOutage Probability of Alamouti based Cooperative Communications with Multiple Relay Nodes using Network Coding
Outage Probability of Alaouti based Cooperative Counications with Multiple Relay Nodes using Network Coding Gordhan Das Menghwar and Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker 2 Inforation Technology Centre Sindh Agriculture
More informationInvestigating Multiple Alternating Cooperative Broadcasts to Enhance Network Longevity
Investigating Multiple Alternating Cooperative Broadcasts to Enhance Network Longevity Aravind Kailas School of Electrical and Coputer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia 3033-050,
More informationPerformance Evaluation of UWB Sensor Network with Aloha Multiple Access Scheme
1 Perforance Evaluation of UWB Sensor Network with Aloha Multiple Access Schee Roeo Giuliano 1 and Franco Mazzenga 2 1 RadioLabs Consorzio Università Industria, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133, Roe, Italy,
More informationIntroduction Traditionally, studying outage or cellular systes has been based on the signal-to-intererence ratio (SIR) dropping below a required thres
Miniu Duration Outages in Rayleigh Fading Channels Jie Lai and Narayan B. Mandaya WINLAB, Rutgers University 73 Brett Rd., Piscataway, NJ 8854-86 Eail: jlai@winlab.rutgers.edu, narayan@winlab.rutgers.edu
More informationPerformance Analysis of Atmospheric Field Conjugation Adaptive Arrays
Perforance Analysis of Atospheric Field Conjugation Adaptive Arrays Aniceto Belonte* a, Joseph M. Kahn b a Technical Univ. of Catalonia, Dept. of Signal Theory and Coun., 08034 Barcelona, Spain; b Stanford
More informationTransmit Power and Bit Allocations for OFDM Systems in a Fading Channel
Transit Power and Bit Allocations for OFD Systes in a Fading Channel Jiho Jang *, Kwang Bok Lee, and Yong-Hwan Lee * Sasung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon P.O.Box, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 44-74, Korea School
More informationA Novel NLOS Mitigation Approach for Wireless Positioning System
2 3rd International Conference on Coputer and Electrical Engineering (ICCEE 2) IPCSIT vol. 53 (22) (22) IACSIT Press, Singapore DOI:.7763/IPCSIT.22.V53.No..54 A Novel NLOS Mitigation Approach for Wireless
More informationSimplified Analysis and Design of MIMO Ad Hoc Networks
Siplified Analysis and Design of MIMO Ad Hoc Networks Sunil Srinivasa and Martin Haenggi Departent of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dae Notre Dae, IN 46556, USA Eail: {ssriniv, haenggi}@nd.edu
More informationIntermediate-Node Initiated Reservation (IIR): A New Signaling Scheme for Wavelength-Routed Networks with Sparse Conversion
Interediate-Node Initiated Reservation IIR): A New Signaling Schee for Wavelength-Routed Networks with Sparse Conversion Kejie Lu, Jason P. Jue, Tiucin Ozugur, Gaoxi Xiao, and Irich Chlatac The Center
More informationUsing Adaptive Modulation in a LEO Satellite Communication System
Proceedings of the 11th WSEAS International Conference on COMMUNICATIONS, Agios Nikolaos, Crete Island, Greece, July 26-28, 27 255 Using Adaptive Modulation in a LEO Satellite Counication Syste L. HADJ
More informationPerformance Analysis of Cognitive Radio based on Cooperative Spectrum Sensing
Performance Analysis of Cognitive Radio based on Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Sai kiran pudi 1, T. Syama Sundara 2, Dr. Nimmagadda Padmaja 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sree
More informationAdaptive Harmonic IIR Notch Filter with Varying Notch Bandwidth and Convergence Factor
Journal of Counication and Coputer (4 484-49 doi:.765/548-779/4.6. D DAVID PUBLISHING Adaptive Haronic IIR Notch Filter with Varying Notch Bandwidth and Convergence Factor Li Tan, Jean Jiang, and Liango
More informationA New Simple Model for Land Mobile Satellite Channels
A New Siple Model for Land Mobile Satellite Channels A. Abdi, W. C. Lau, M.-S. Alouini, and M. Kaveh Dept. of Elec. and Cop. Eng., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Eails: {abdi, wlau, alouini,
More informationCognitive Radio Techniques for GSM Band
Cognitive Radio Techniques for GSM Band Baiju Alexander, R. David Koilpillai Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Email: {baiju,davidk}@iitm.ac.in Abstract Cognitive
More informationInterference Management in LTE Femtocell Systems Using Fractional Frequency Reuse
Interference Manageent in LTE Fetocell Systes Using Fractional Frequency Reuse Poongup Lee and Jitae Shin School of Inforation and Counication Engineering Sungyunwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Korea {poongup,
More informationCOMBINED FREQUENCY AND SPATIAL DOMAINS POWER DISTRIBUTION FOR MIMO-OFDM TRANSMISSION
The 8th nnual IEEE International Syposiu on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Counications (PIMRC 07) COMINED FREQUENCY ND SPTIL DOMINS POWER DISTRIUTION FOR MIMO-OFDM TRNSMISSION Wladiir ocquet, Kazunori
More informationMulticarrier Interleave-Division Multiple Access Communication in Multipath Channels
Multicarrier Interleave-Division Multiple Access Counication in Multipath Channels Habib ur Rehan *, Muhaad Naee **, Iran Zaa *, Syed Isail Shah ** * Center for Advanced Studies in Engineering (CASE) Islaabad
More informationRelay Deployment for AF-MIMO Two-Way Relaying Networks with Antenna Selection
Journal of Counications Vol 9, o 7, July 04 elay Deployent for AF-MIMO Two-Way elaying etworks with Antenna Selection Yizhen Zhang,, Guobing Li, Guoei Zhang, Ganging Lv, and Chao Zhang, School of Electronics
More informationNotes on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
Notes on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Discrete Fourier ransfor As a reinder, the analytic fors of Fourier and inverse Fourier transfors are X f x t t, f dt x t exp j2 ft dt (.) where
More informationKeywords Frequency-domain equalization, antenna diversity, multicode DS-CDMA, frequency-selective fading
Joint Frequency-doain Equalization and Antenna Diversity Cobining for Orthogonal Multicode DS-CDMA Signal Transissions in A Frequency-selective Fading Channel Taeshi ITAGAKI *1 and Fuiyui ADACHI *2 Dept.
More informationLETTER Adaptive Multi-Stage Parallel Interference Cancellation Receiver for Multi-Rate DS-CDMA System
IEICE TRANS. COMMUN., VOL.E87 B, NO.8 AUGUST 2004 2401 LETTER Adaptive Multi-Stage Parallel Interference Cancellation Receiver for Multi-Rate DS-CDMA Syste Seung Hee HAN a), Student Meber and Jae Hong
More informationEnhanced Algorithm for MIESM
Recent Patents on Signal Processing, 9,, -7 Enhanced Algorith for MIESM R. Sandanalakshi *, Shahid Mutaz * and Kazi Saidul * Open Access University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal Abstract: The link adaptation
More information4G Communication Resource Analysis with Adaptive Physical Layer Technique
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volue 33 uber - March 206 4G Counication Resource Analysis with Adaptive Physical Layer Technique Mubinul Haque, Dr. Md. Abu Bakar Siddiqui
More informationA New Localization and Tracking Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Internet of Things
Sensors & Transducers 203 by IFSA http://www.sensorsportal.co A New Localization and Tracking Algorith for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Internet of Things, 2 Zhang Feng, Xue Hui-Feng, 2 Zhang Yong-Heng,
More informationDesign of an Arrayed Waveguide Grating with flat spectral response
Design of an Arrayed Waveguide Grating with flat spectral response Thoas Kaalakis, Thoas Sphicopoulos and Diitris Syvridis (Departent of Inforatics and Telecounications, University of Athens, Panepistiiopolis,
More informationA soft decision decoding of product BCH and Reed-Müller codes for error control and peak-factor reduction in OFDM
A soft decision decoding of product BCH and Reed-Müller codes for error control and pea-factor reduction in OFDM Yves LOUET *, Annic LE GLAUNEC ** and Pierre LERAY ** * PhD Student and ** Professors, Departent
More informationOverlapped frequency-time division multiplexing
April 29, 16(2): 8 13 www.sciencedirect.co/science/journal/158885 he Journal of China Universities of Posts and elecounications www.buptjournal.cn/xben Overlapped frequency-tie division ultiplexing JIANG
More informationEFFECTS OF MASKING ANGLE AND MULTIPATH ON GALILEO PERFORMANCES IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS
1 EFFECTS OF MASKING ANGLE AND MULTIPATH ON GALILEO PERFORMANCES IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS M. Malicorne*, M. Bousquet**, V. Calettes*** SUPAERO, 1 avenue Edouard Belin BP 43, 3155 Toulouse Cedex, France.
More informationA Selection Region Based Routing Protocol for Random Mobile ad hoc Networks with Directional Antennas
A Selection Region Based Routing Protocol for Rando Mobile ad hoc Networks with Directional Antennas arxiv:1011.6017v1 cs.it] 8 Nov 010 Di Li, Changchuan Yin, and Changhai Chen Key Laboratory of Universal
More informationModeling Beam forming in Circular Antenna Array with Directional Emitters
International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science (IJRES) ISSN (Online): 2320-9364, ISSN (Print): 2320-9356 Volue 5 Issue 3 ǁ Mar. 2017 ǁ PP.01-05 Modeling Bea foring in Circular Antenna Array
More informationTransmit Beamforming and Iterative Water-Filling Based on SLNR for OFDMA Systems
Transit Beaforing and Iterative Water-Filling Based on SLNR for OFDMA Systes Kazunori Hayashi, Megui Kaneko, Takeshi Fui, Hideaki Sakai Graduate School of Inforatics, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honachi
More informationReview of Energy Detection for Spectrum Sensing in Various Channels and its Performance for Cognitive Radio Applications
American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2012, 5 (2), 151-156 ISSN: 1941-7020 2014 Babu and Suganthi, This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 3.0
More informationData Fusion Schemes for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks
Data Fusion Schemes for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networs D.Teguig ((2, B.Scheers (, and V.Le Nir ( Royal Military Academy Department CISS ( Polytechnic Military School-Algiers-Algeria
More informationSECURITY AND BER PERFORMANCE TRADE-OFF IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS
Latin Aerican Applied Research 39:187-192 (2009) SECURITY AND BER PERFORMANCE TRADE-OFF IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS L. ARNONE, C. GONZÁLEZ, C. GAYOSO, J. CASTIÑEIRA MOREIRA and M. LIBERATORI
More informationPower Optimal Signaling for Fading Multi-access Channel in Presence of Coding Gap
Power Optial Signaling for Fading Multi-access Channel in Presence of Coding Gap Ankit Sethi, Prasanna Chaporkar, and Abhay Karandikar Abstract In a ulti-access fading channel, dynaic allocation of bandwidth,
More informationMitigation of GPS L 2 signal in the H I observation based on NLMS algorithm Zhong Danmei 1, a, Wang zhan 1, a, Cheng zhu 1, a, Huang Da 1, a
2nd International Conference on Electrical, Coputer Engineering and Electronics (ICECEE 25 Mitigation of GPS L 2 signal in the H I observation based on NLMS algorith Zhong Danei, a, Wang zhan, a, Cheng
More informationOTC Statistics of High- and Low-Frequency Motions of a Moored Tanker. sensitive to lateral loading such as the SAL5 and
OTC 61 78 Statistics of High- and Low-Frequency Motions of a Moored Tanker by J.A..Pinkster, Maritie Research Inst. Netherlands Copyright 1989, Offshore Technology Conference This paper was presented at
More informationPerformance Analysis of an AMC System with an Iterative V-BLAST Decoding Algorithm
I. J. Counications, Network and Syste Sciences, 008,, 105-06 Published Online May 008 in SciRes (http://www.srpublishing.org/journal/ijcns/). Perforance Analysis of an AMC Syste with an Iterative V-BLAST
More informationDelay performance of cognitive radio networks for point-to-point and point-to-multipoint communications
Tran et al. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Counications and Networking 2012, 2012:9 R E S E A R C H Open Access Delay perforance of cognitive radio networks for point-to-point and point-to-ultipoint counications
More informationPower-Efficient Resource Allocation for MC-NOMA with Statistical Channel State Information
Power-Efficient Resource Allocation for MC-NOMA with Statistical Channel State Inforation Zhiqiang Wei, Derrick Wing Kwan Ng, and Jinhong Yuan School of Electrical Engineering and Telecounications, The
More informationModel Development for the Wideband Vehicle-to-vehicle 2.4 GHz Channel
Model Developent for the Wideband Vehicle-to-vehicle.4 GHz Channel Guillero Acosta and Mary Ann Ingra School of ECE, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 333-5, USA gte437k@ail.gatech.edu, ai@ece.gatech.edu
More informationFundamental study for measuring microflow with Michelson interferometer enhanced by external random signal
Bulletin of the JSME Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systes, and Manufacturing Vol.8, No.4, 2014 Fundaental study for easuring icroflow with Michelson interferoeter enhanced by external rando signal
More informationWindowing High-Resolution ADC Data Part 2
Windoing High-Resolution DC Data art Josh Carnes pplications Engineer, ational Seiconductor Corp. bstract nalyzing data fro DCs requires the use of indoing functions for spectral estiation and analysis
More informationModulation Selection from a Battery Power Efficiency Perspective
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COUNICATIONS, VOL. 58, NO. 7, JULY 21 197 odulation Selection fro a Battery Power Efficiency Perspective Dongliang Duan, Student eber, IEEE, Fengzhong Qu, eber, IEEE, Liuqing Yang,
More information] (1) Problem 1. University of California, Berkeley Fall 2010 EE142, Problem Set #9 Solutions Prof. Jan Rabaey
University of California, Berkeley Fall 00 EE4, Proble Set #9 Solutions Ain Arbabian Prof. Jan Rabaey Proble Since the ixer is a down-conversion type with low side injection f LO 700 MHz and f RF f IF
More informationSIG: Signal-Processing
TH Köln - Technology, Arts, Sciences Prof. Dr. Rainer Bartz SIG: Signal-Processing Copendiu (6) Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rainer Bartz rainer.bartz@th-koeln.de Contact: eail: website: office: rainer.bartz@th-koeln.de
More informationCooperative Spectrum Sensing and Decision Making Rules for Cognitive Radio
ISSN (Online) : 2319-8753 ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology Volume 3, Special Issue 3, March 2014 2014 International Conference
More informationThe PAPR and Simple PAPR Reduction of the 2D Spreading Based Communication Systems
RADIOENGINEERING, VOL. 9, NO., APRIL 7 The PAPR and Siple PAPR Reduction of the D Spreading Based Counication Systes Jiří BLUMENSTEIN, Zbyněk FEDRA Dept. of Radio Electronics, Brno University of Technology,
More informationA Novel High Resolution Spectrum Sensing Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Applications
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Counication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 78-834,p- ISSN: 78-8735.Volue 8, Issue 4 (Nov. - Dec. 013), PP 30-38 A Novel High Resolution Spectru Sensing Algorith for Cognitive
More informationKalman Filtering for NLOS Mitigation and Target Tracking in Indoor Wireless Environment
16 Kalan Filtering for NLOS Mitigation and Target Tracking in Indoor Wireless Environent Chin-Der Wann National Sun Yat-Sen University Taiwan 1. Introduction Kalan filter and its nonlinear extension, extended
More informationSEP-Optimal Antenna Selection for Average Interference Constrained Underlay Cognitive Radios
Globeco - Counication Theory Syposiu SEP-Optial Antenna Selection for Average Interference Constrained Underlay Cognitive Radios Rialapudi Sarvendranath, Student Meber, IEEE, Neelesh B. Mehta, Senior Meber,
More informationPerformance of Multiuser MIMO System Employing Block Diagonalization with Antenna Selection at Mobile Stations
Perforance of Multiuser MIMO Syste Eploying Bloc Diagonalization with Antenna Selection at Mobile Stations Feng Wang, Mare E. Bialowsi School of Inforation Technology and Electrical Engineering The University
More informationGroup Secret Key Generation in Wireless Networks: Algorithms and Rate Optimization
Group Secret Key Generation in Wireless Networks: Algoriths and Rate Optiization Peng Xu, Kanapathippillai Cuanan, Meber, IEEE, Zhiguo Ding, Senior, Meber, IEEE, Xuchu Dai and Kin K. Leung Fellow, IEEE
More informationELEC2202 Communications Engineering Laboratory Frequency Modulation (FM)
ELEC Counications Engineering Laboratory ---- Frequency Modulation (FM) 1. Objectives On copletion of this laboratory you will be failiar with: Frequency odulators (FM), Modulation index, Bandwidth, FM
More informationRadio Resource Management in a Coordinated Cellular Distributed Antenna System By Using Particle Swarm Optimization
Radio Resource Manageent in a Coordinated Cellular Distributed Antenna Syste By Using Particle Swar Optiization Oer Haliloglu (1), Cenk Toker (1), Gurhan Bulu (1), Hali Yanikoeroglu (2) (1) Departent of
More informationCharacterization and Modeling of Underwater Acoustic Communications Channels for Frequency-Shift-Keying Signals
Characterization and Modeling of Underwater Acoustic Counications Channels for Frequency-Shift-Keying Signals Wen-Bin Yang and T.C. Yang Naval Research Laboratory Washington, DC 375 USA Abstract In a fading
More informationEnergy Efficient Space Time Line Coded Regenerative Two-Way Relay Under Per-Antenna Power Constraints
SPECIAL SECTION ON GREEN SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING Received July 29, 2018, accepted August 20, 2018, date of publication August 23, 2018, date of current version Septeber
More informationAvailable online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Technology 24 (2016 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.co ScienceDirect Procedia Technology 4 (16 ) 834 841 International Conference on Eerging Trends in Engineering, Science and Technology (ICETEST - 15) An Intensity
More informationSelective Harmonic Elimination for Multilevel Inverters with Unbalanced DC Inputs
Selective Haronic Eliination for Multilevel Inverters with Unbalanced DC Inputs Abstract- Selective haronics eliination for the staircase voltage wavefor generated by ultilevel inverters has been widely
More informationLoad-Aware Coordinated Multi-point Joint Transmission in Dense Heterogeneous Networks: Downlink Coverage and Throughput Limits
Load-Aware Coordinated ulti-point Joint Transission in Dense Heterogeneous Networs: Downlin Coverage and Throughput Liits Chun-Hung Liu and Po-Chia Chen Departent of Electrical and Coputer Engineering
More informationAllocation of Multiple Services in Multi-Access Wireless Systems
Allocation of Multiple Serices in Multi-Access Wireless Systes Anders Furuskär Wireless@KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden and Ericsson Research anders.furuskar@era.ericsson.se Abstract This paper
More informationPublished in: ICWMC 2015, The Eleventh International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Communications
Aalborg Universitet Throughput Analysis of Full Duplex Counication with Asyetric Traffic in Sall Cell Systes Mahood, Nurul Huda; Berardinelli, Gilberto; Mogensen, Preben Elgaard; Frederiksen, Frank Published
More informationCognitive full-duplex relay networks under the peak interference power constraint of multiple primary users
Cognitive full-duplex relay networs under the pea interference power constraint of ultiple priary users Doan, X-T., Nguyen, N-P., Yin, C., da Costa, D. B., & Duong, T. Q. 217. Cognitive full-duplex relay
More informationInternational Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Vol. 1, No. 3, September, 2013 MC-DS-CDMA
International Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Vol. 1, No. 3, Septeber, 2013 Analysis of Carrier Frequency Selective Offset Estiation - Using Zero-IF and ZCZ In MC-DS-CDMA Venkatachala.
More informationCooperative Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks-Avoid Non-Perfect Reporting Channel
American J. of Engineering Applied Sciences (): 47-475, 9 ISS 94-7 9 Science ublications Cooperative Sensing in Cognitive Radio etworks-avoid on-erfect Reporting Channel Rania A. Mokhtar, Sabira Khatun,
More informationDistributed Resource Allocation for Proportional Fairness in Multi-Band Wireless Systems
Distributed Resource Allocation for Proportional Fairness in Multi-Band Wireless Systes I-Hong Hou CSL and Departent of CS University of Illinois Urbana, IL 61801, USA ihou2@illinois.edu Piyush Gupta Bell
More informationNew Adaptive Linear Combination Structure for Tracking/Estimating Phasor and Frequency of Power System
28 Journal of Electrical Engineering & echnology Vol. 5, No., pp. 28~35, 2 New Adaptive Linear Cobination Structure for racking/estiating Phasor and Frequency of Power Syste Choowong-Wattanasakpubal and
More informationREPORT ITU-R SA Telecommunication characteristics and requirements for space VLBI systems
Rep. ITU-R SA.2132 1 REPORT ITU-R SA.2132 Telecounication characteristics and requireents for space VLBI systes (2008) This Report describes the characteristics of the space VLBI systes. These characteristics
More informationRAKE Receiver. Tommi Heikkilä S Postgraduate Course in Radio Communications, Autumn II.
S-72333 Postgraduate Course in Radio Counications, Autun 2004 1 RAKE Receiver Toi Heikkilä toiheikkila@teliasoneraco Abstract RAKE receiver is used in CDMA-based (Code Division Multiple Access) systes
More informationIMPROVEMENT OF FAR FIELD RADIATION PATTERN OF LINEAR ARRAY ANTENNA USING GENETIC ALGORITHM
ISSN: 2229-6948 (ONLINE) ICTACT JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, MARCH 10, VOLUME: 01, ISSUE: 01 DOI: 10.21917/ijct.10.0004 IMPROVEMENT OF FAR FIELD RADIATION PATTERN OF LINEAR ARRAY ANTENNA USING
More informationOn Capacity of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks with MIMO MMSE Receivers Jing Ma, Member, IEEE and Ying Jun (Angela) Zhang, Member, IEEE
On Capacity of Wireless Ad Hoc Networs with MIMO MMSE Receivers Jing Ma, Meber, IEEE and Ying Jun (Angela) Zhang, Meber, IEEE Dept. of Inforation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong ong, Hong ong
More informationDSI3 Sensor to Master Current Threshold Adaptation for Pattern Recognition
International Journal of Signal Processing Systes Vol., No. Deceber 03 DSI3 Sensor to Master Current Threshold Adaptation for Pattern Recognition David Levy Infineon Austria AG, Autootive Power Train Systes,
More informationOverlapping Signal Separation in DPX Spectrum Based on EM Algorithm. Chuandang Liu 1, a, Luxi Lu 1, b
nd International Worshop on Materials Engineering and Coputer Sciences (IWMECS 015) Overlapping Signal Separation in DPX Spectru Based on EM Algorith Chuandang Liu 1, a, Luxi Lu 1, b 1 National Key Laboratory
More informationIndoor Multiple-Antenna Channel Characterization from 2 to 8 GHz
Indoor Multiple-Antenna Channel Characterization fro to 8 GHz Ada S Y Poon and Minnie Ho Counications and Interconnect Lab, Intel Corporation Abstract In ultiple-antenna channels, e optiality of a transission
More informationChalmers Publication Library
Chalers Publication Library HARQ Feedback in Spectru Sharing Networks This docuent has been downloaded fro Chalers Publication Library CPL. It is the author s version of a work that was accepted for publication
More informationDetection of Faults in Power System Using Wavelet Transform and Independent Component Analysis
Detection of Faults in Power Syste Using Wavelet Transfor and Independent Coponent Analysis 1 Prakash K. Ray, 2 B. K. Panigrahi, 2 P. K. Rout 1 Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, IIIT, Bhubaneswar,
More informationCooperative Hybrid-ARQ Protocols: Unified Frameworks for Protocol Analysis
Cooperative Hybrid-ARQ Protocols: Unified Fraeworks for Protocol Analysis Ilu Byun and Kwang Soon Ki Cooperative hybrid-autoatic repeat request (HARQ) protocols, which can exploit the spatial and teporal
More informationAd Hoc Networks. Opportunistic reliability for cognitive radio sensor actor networks in smart grid. Ozgur Ergul, A. Ozan Bicen, Ozgur B.
Ad Hoc Networks 41 (2016) 5 14 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Ad Hoc Networks journal hoepage: www.elsevier.co/locate/adhoc Opportunistic reliability for cognitive radio sensor actor networks
More informationA Novel TDS-FDMA Scheme for Multi-User Uplink Scenarios
A Novel TDS-FDMA Schee for Multi-User Uplink Scenarios Linglong Dai, Zhaocheng Wang, Jun Wang, and Zhixing Yang Tsinghua National Laboratory for Inforation Science and Technology, Electronics Engineering
More informationPARAMETER OPTIMIZATION OF THE ADAPTIVE MVDR QR-BASED BEAMFORMER FOR JAMMING AND MULTIPATH SUPRESSION IN GPS/GLONASS RECEIVERS
PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION OF THE ADAPTIVE MVDR QR-BASED BEAMFORMER FOR JAMMING AND MULTIPATH SUPRESSION IN GPS/GLONASS RECEIVERS V. Behar 1, Ch. Kabakchiev 2, G. Gaydadjiev 3, G.Kuzanov 4, P. Ganchosov 5
More informationOn the Impact of Exponent Multipath and Branch Correlation on MC-CDMA System in Frequency-Selective Fading Environments
IAENG International Journal of Coputer Science, 33:, IJCS_33 5 On the Ipact of Exponent Multipath and Branch Correlation on MC-CDMA Syste in Frequency-Selective Fading Environents Joy Iong-Zong Chen, Chieh
More informationA Novel Control Scheme to Reduce Storage Capacitor of Flyback PFC Converter
International Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Vol. 4, No., April 6 A Novel Control Schee to Reduce Storage Capacitor of Flyback PFC Converter Boyang Chen and Lei Li College of Autoation,
More informationStudy and Implementation of Complementary Golay Sequences for PAR reduction in OFDM signals
Study and Ipleentation of Copleentary Golay Sequences for PAR reduction in OFDM signals Abstract In this paper soe results of PAR reduction in OFDM signals and error correction capabilities by using Copleentary
More informationOptimal Modulation Index of the Mach-Zehnder Modulator in a Coherent Optical OFDM System Employing Digital Predistortion
Optial Modulation Index of the Mach-Zehnder Modulator in a Coherent Optical OFDM yste Eploying Digital redistortion David Rörich, Xiaojie Wang, Michael Bernhard, Joachi peidel Universität tuttgart, Institut
More informationCOMPARISON OF TOKEN HOLDING TIME STRATEGIES FOR A STATIC TOKEN PASSING BUS. M.E. Ulug
COMPARISON OF TOKEN HOLDING TIME STRATEGIES FOR A STATIC TOKEN PASSING BUS M.E. Ulug General Electric Corporate Research and Developent Schenectady, New York 1245 ABSTRACT Waiting ties have been calculated
More informationDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 2
Subission International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ) PARAMETRIC AND NON-PARAMETRIC SIGNAL ANALYSIS FOR MAPPING AIR FLOW IN THE EAR-CANALTO TONGUE MOVEMENT: A NEW STRATEGY
More informationA Pre-FFT OFDM Adaptive Antenna Array with Eigenvector Combining
A Pre- OFDM Adaptive Antenna Array ith Eigenvector Cobining Shinsuke Hara y, Montree Budsabathon y, and Yoshitaka Hara y Departent of Electronic, Inforation and Energy Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering,
More informationComparing structural airframe maintenance strategies based on probabilistic estimates of the remaining useful service life
22 èe Congrès Français de Mécanique Lyon, 24 au 28 Août 2015 Coparing structural airfrae aintenance strategies based on probabilistic estiates of the reaining useful service life. WAG a, C.GOGU b,.biaud
More informationOn the Reverse Link Capacity of cdma2000 High Rate Packet Data Systems
On the Reverse Link Capacity of cda High Rate Packet Data Systes Eduardo Esteves QUALCOMM Incorporated 5775 Morehouse Drive San Diego, CA 911-1714 Abstract cda high rate packet data standard, also known
More informationSuccess Probability of Millimeter-Wave D2D Networks with Heterogeneous Antenna Arrays
Success Probability of Millieter-Wave D2D Networks with Heterogeneous Antenna Arrays Na Deng, Yi Sun School of Inforation & Counication Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian, Liaoning, 11624,
More informationImplementation of Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Optimization
www.semargroups.org, www.ijsetr.com ISSN 2319-8885 Vol.02,Issue.11, September-2013, Pages:1085-1091 Implementation of Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Optimization D.TARJAN
More informationPERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT OF ONE-BIT HARD DECISION FUSION SCHEME FOR COOPERATIVE SPECTRUM SENSING IN CR
Int. Rev. Appl. Sci. Eng. 8 (2017) 1, 9 16 DOI: 10.1556/1848.2017.8.1.3 PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT OF ONE-BIT HARD DECISION FUSION SCHEME FOR COOPERATIVE SPECTRUM SENSING IN CR M. AL-RAWI University of Ibb,
More informationReceive Antenna Subset Selection For Time-Varying Channels Using Slepian Subspace Projections
Globeco - Wireless Counications Syposiu Receive Antenna Subset Selection For Tie-Varying Channels Using Slepian Subspace Projections Hassan A Abou Saleh and Steven D Blostein Departent of Electrical and
More informationIterative Receiver Signal Processing for Joint Mitigation of Transmitter and Receiver Phase Noise in OFDM-Based Cognitive Radio Link
Iterative Receiver Signal Processing for Joint Mitigation of Transitter and Receiver Phase Noise in OFDM-Based Cognitive Radio Link Ville Syrjälä and Mikko Valkaa Departent of Counications Engineering
More informationPerformance Analysis and Optimization of Multi-Selective Scheme for Cooperative Sensing in Fading Channels
Performance Analysis and Optimization of Multi-Selective Scheme for Cooperative Sensing in Fading Channels Qingjiao Song, Student Member, IEEE and Walaa Hamouda, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract We propose
More informationOPTIMIZE THE POWER CONTROL AND NETWORK LIFETIME USING ZERO - SUM GAME THEORY FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
OTIMIZE THE OWER CONTROL AND NETWORK LIFETIME USING ZERO - SUM GAME THEORY FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS Vinoba.V 1, Chithra.S.M 1 Departent of Matheatics, K.N. Governent Arts college, Tail Nadu,( India.)
More informationBoris Krnic Nov 15, ECE 1352F. Phase Noise of VCOs
Boris Krnic Nov 15, 93 187 13 ECE 135F Phase Noise of VCOs. ABSTRACT The ain purpose of this paper is to present siplified first order noise analysis techniques as applied to ring VCOs. The scarcity of
More informationRelation between C/N Ratio and S/N Ratio
Relation between C/N Ratio and S/N Ratio In our discussion in the past few lectures, we have coputed the C/N ratio of the received signals at different points of the satellite transission syste. The C/N
More informationImpact of Sectorization/Vehicular Traffic on Minimum Cell Size for Information Capacity Increase in Cellular Systems
ELECTOICS, VOL. 7, O., JUE 03 Ipact of Sectorization/Vehicular Traffic on Miniu Cell Size for Inforation Capacity Increase in Cellular Systes Kwashie A. Anang, Predrag B. apajic, and uiheng Wu Abstract
More information