COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION

Transcription

1 CPC B COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING (NOTES omitted) PRINTING B41 PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS (reproduction or duplication of pictures or patterns by scanning and converting into electrical signals H04N) TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, {e.g. INK-JET PRINTERS, THERMAL PRINTERS}, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS (composing B41B; printing on special surfaces B41F; laundry marking B41K; erasers, rubbers or erasing devices B43L 19/00; fluid media for correction of typographical errors by coating C09D 10/00; recording the results of measuring G01; recognition or presentation of data, marking record carriers in digital fashion, e.g. by punching, G06K; franking or ticket-printing and issuing apparatus G07B; electric keyboard switches, in general H01H 13/70, H03K 17/94; coding in connection with keyboards or like devices, in general H03M 11/00; receivers or transmitters for transmission of digital information H04L; transmission or reproduction of documents, or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission, H04N 1/00; printing mechanisms specially adapted for apparatus, e.g. cash registers, weighing machines, producing records of their own performance, see the relevant subclasses) NOTES 1. This subclass covers: manually controlled power-operated apparatus or apparatus of this type with additional control by input of recorded information, e.g. on punched cards of tapes; the "print-out" features of apparatus controlled by record carriers or electric signals in so far as these are of general interest, e.g. impression, inking, line-spacing mechanisms, printing heads. 2. This subclass does not cover: electrical features of apparatus controlled by record carriers or electric signals and of interest apart from the "print-out" features of said apparatus; apparatus controlled by record carriers or electric signals, as a whole. 3. In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: "paper" covers also similar flexible copy material; "printing material" covers both paper and temporary record carriers from which records are transferred to a paper, but does not cover printing masters, e.g. formes. WARNING In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. Kinds of typewriters or of selective printing mechanisms 1/00 Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the mounting, arrangement, or disposition of the types or dies (non-selective embossing B44B 5/00) 1/02. with separate or detached types or dies 1/04. with types or dies carried upon levers or radial arms, e.g. manually operated ( 1/16 takes 1/06.. on power-operated levers or arms 1/08. with types or dies carried on sliding bars or rods 1/10.. on end surfaces thereof 1/12.. on side surfaces thereof, e.g. fixed thereto 1/14... the types or dies being movable relative to the bars or rods (mounted on flexible bars or rods 1/16) 1/16. with types or dies arranged in stationary or sliding cases or frames or upon flexible strips, plates, bars or rods 1/18. with types or dies strung on wires or rods 1/20. with types or dies mounted on endless bands or the like 1/22. with types or dies mounted on carriers rotatable for selection 1/24.. the plane of the type or die face being perpendicular to the axis of rotation ( 1/60 takes CPC

2 Kinds of typewriters or of selective printing mechanisms 1/ {Mounting or fixing the carriers} 1/ {Cartridges for the carriers} 1/26... Carriers moving for impression ( 1/27 takes 1/27... Carriers moving during impression 1/28... Carriers stationary for impression, e.g. with the types or dies not moving relative to the carriers 1/ with the types or dies moving relative to the carriers or mounted on flexible carriers 1/32.. the plane of the type or die face being parallel to the axis of rotation, e.g. with type on the periphery of cylindrical carriers ( 1/60 takes 1/34... Carriers rotating during impression 1/36... Carriers sliding for impression, e.g. manually operated 1/ power operated 1/40... Carriers swinging for impression 1/ about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the carrier 1/44... Carriers stationary for impression 1/ Types or dies fixed on wheel, drum, cylinder, or like carriers 1/ with a plurality of carriers, one for each character space 1/ with one or more carriers travelling across copy material in letter-space direction 1/ with copy material moving in the letterspace direction, and the carrier mounting being fixed relative to the machine 1/ Types or dies movable on wheel, drum, cylinder or like carriers 1/ Types or dies on shuttles or like loose carriers 1/ Types or dies upon arcuate bars 1/60. with types or dies on spherical, truncated-spherical, or like surfaces 2/00 Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed (mounting, arrangement, or disposition of types or dies 1/00; marking methods B41M 5/00; structure or manufacture of heads, e.g. inductive, for recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier G11B 5/127; heads for reproducing capacitive information G11B 9/07) NOTES 1. This group covers devices reproducing only a discrete number of tones, whereas group H04N 1/00 covers devices used for the reproduction of documents or the like, which devices are capable of reproducing continuous tone value scales. 2. In this group, the following expressions are used with the meanings indicated: "ink jet" involves the projection of ink on to the printing material, e.g. paper, through a nozzle as a stream of droplets or particles of colouring matter "continuous ink jet" means a jet of ink transformed into a continuous stream of droplets or particles of colouring matter after having left the nozzle "ink spray" means a spray of ink transported by a stream of charged particles or air on to the printing material 2/005. characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material (printing by selective application of impact or pressure on a printing or impression-transfer material 2/22) 2002/ {Control methods or devices for non ink jet heads} 2002/ {Heating elements adjacent to nozzle orifices of printhead for warming up ink meniscuses, e.g. for lowering the surface tension of the ink meniscuses} 2/ {where an intermediate transfer member receives the ink before transferring it on the printing material} 2/01.. Ink jet 2002/ {with intermediate transfer member} 2/ characterised by the jet generation process ( 2/215 takes 2/ generating a continuous ink jet 2002/ {Control methods or devices for continuous ink jet} 2/ by vibration 2/ by pressure 2002/ {Gas flow deflection} 2002/ {Deflection by heater around the nozzle} 2002/ {Continuous stream with droplets of different sizes} 2/ by electric or magnetic field 2/ generating single droplets or particles on demand 2002/ {Electromagnetic transducer} 2002/ {Electrostatic transducer} 2/ by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers 2/ {Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits} 2/ {aiming at compensating carriage speed} 2/ {aiming at correcting alignment} 2/ {aiming at correcting manufacturing tolerances} 2/ {aiming at correcting other parameters} 2/ {for detecting failure, e.g. clogging, malfunctioning actuator} 2/ {for electrostatic discharge protection} 2/ {for increasing lifetime} 2/ {preventing overheating} 2/ {preventing formation of satellite drops} 2/ {reducing costs} 2/ {reducing demand in current or voltage} 2/ {reducing number of signal lines needed} 2/ {reducing size of the apparatus} 2/ {reducing occurrence of cross talk} 2/ {controlling trajectory} CPC

3 Kinds of typewriters or of selective printing mechanisms 2/ {aiming at warming up the head} 2/ {controlling a head having a dummy chamber} 2/ {controlling a head having a heater in the manifold} 2/ {controlling a head having several actuators per chamber} 2/ {involving calculation of drop size, weight or volume} 2/ {using history data} 2/ {involving calculation of heater resistance} 2/ {involving calculation of temperature} 2/ {Specific driving circuit} 2/ {Block driving} 2/ {Dynamic block driving} 2/ {Multiplexing} 2/ {Details of power line section of control circuit} 2/ {Details of switching sections of circuit, e.g. transistors} 2/ {using several operating modes} 2/ {detecting ambient temperature} 2/ {detecting current} 2/ {detecting distance to paper} 2/ {detecting presence or properties of a dot on paper} 2/ {detecting drop size, volume or weight} 2/ {detecting presence or properties of a drop in flight} 2/ {detecting head temperature; Ink temperature} 2/ {detecting heater resistance} 2/ {detecting humidity} 2/ {Control according to number of actuators used simultaneously} 2/ {Power supply level being detected or varied} 2/ {detecting viscosity} 2/ {Timing; Delays} 2/ {controlling heads of acoustic type} 2/ {controlling heads of electrostatic type} 2/ {controlling heads based on electrostatically-actuated membranes} 2/ {controlling heads based on heating elements forming bubbles} 2/ {controlling heads based on piezoelectric elements} 2/ {controlling heads based on discharge by lowering the surface tension of meniscus} 2/ {controlling heads based on thermal bent actuators} 2/ {controlling heads of a type not covered by groups 2/ /04585, or of an undefined type} 2/ {using a specific waveform} 2/ {Height of the driving signal being adjusted} 2/ {Width of the driving signal being adjusted} 2/ {Dot-size modulation by changing the size of the drop} 2/ {Dot-size modulation by changing the number of drops per dot} 2/ {Non-ejecting pulses} 2/ {Pre-pulse} 2/ produced by the application of heat 2/ Devices for absorbing or preventing back-pressure 2/ by electric or magnetic field 2002/ {Ejection by electric field of ink or of toner particles contained in ink} 2002/ {by using a divided counter electrode opposite to ejection openings of an electrostatic printhead, e.g. for controlling the flying direction of ejected toner particles by providing the divided parts of the counter electrode with different potentials} 2002/ {Moving solid toner particles in carrier liquid by eletrostatic force acting on the toner particles, e.g. for accumulating the toner particles around an ejection electrode of an electrostatic printhead} 2/ involving the preliminary making of ink protuberances 2/07... characterised by jet control ( 2/205 takes 2/ {by thermal compensation} 2/ for many-valued deflection 2/ charge-control type 2/ Charge means, e.g. electrodes 2/ Deflection means 2/ electric field-control type 2/ magnetic field-control type 2/ for binary-valued deflection 2/ for ink spray 2/ synchronising the droplet separation and charging time 2/ testing or correcting charge or deflection 2/ Sensors, e.g. deflection sensors 2/ for inclination of printed pattern 2/ Nozzles 2/ Structure thereof {only for on-demand ink jet heads} 2/ {Structure of acoustic ink jet print heads} 2/ {Structure of bubble jet print heads} 2/ {Assembling head parts} 2/ {Structure of the pressure chamber} 2/ {Geometrical characteristics} 2/ {Movable member in the chamber} 2/ {Plural heating elements per ink chamber} 2/ {Heater chamber separated from ink chamber by a membrane} 2/ {Electrical connections, e.g. details on electrodes, connecting the chip to the outside...} 2/ {Structure dealing with thermal variations, e.g. cooling device, thermal coefficients of materials} CPC

4 Kinds of typewriters or of selective printing mechanisms 2/ {Structure of heating means} 2/ {Current flowing through the ink} 2/ {Laser or electron beam heating the ink} 2/ {Resistive element} 2/ {Shape} 2/ {Layer structure} 2/ {Resistor surrounding the nozzle opening} 2/ {Structure of the manifold} 2/ {Structures including a sensor} 2/ {Structure having belt or drum with holes filled with ink} 2002/ {Bubble vented to the ambience} 2002/ {Segmented heater} 2002/ {characterised by the position of the heater and the nozzle} 2002/ {movable member in the ink chamber (for bubble jet 2/14048)} 2/ {Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements} 2/ {of finger type, chamber walls consisting integrally of piezoelectric material} 2002/ {Multi layer finger type piezoelectric element} 2002/ {Finger type piezoelectric element on only one side of the chamber} 2/ {of film type, deformed by bending and disposed on a diaphragm} 2002/ {having a cover around the piezoelectric thin film element} 2002/ {Embedded thin film piezoelectric element} 2002/ {Multi layer thin film type piezoelectric element} 2002/ {Sheet-like thin film type piezoelectric element} 2/ {of stacked structure type, deformed by compression/extension and disposed on a diaphragm} 2/ {of cantilever type} 2/ {of tubular type} 2/ {of disc type} 2002/ {Flow passage between manifold and chamber} 2/ {Structure of ink jet print heads with electrostatically actuated membrane} 2002/ {Print head without nozzle} 2/ {Structure of nozzle plates} 2002/ {Multiple pressure elements per ink chamber (for bubble jet 2/14056)} 2002/ {Ejection by pressure produced by thermal deformation of ink chamber, e.g. buckling} 2002/ {Sensor in each pressure chamber} 2002/ {Assembling elements of heads} 2002/ {Back shooter} 2002/ {Edge shooter} 2002/ {Front shooter} 2002/ {Electrowetting} 2002/ {including a filter} 2002/ {Groove in the nozzle plate} 2002/ {Manifold (for bubble jet 2/14145)} 2/ {Structure of ink jet print heads with thermal bend detached actuators} 2002/ {Moving nozzle made of thermal bend detached actuator} 2002/ {Nozzle guard} 2/ {Structure of ink jet print heads discharging by lowering surface tension of meniscus} 2002/ {Matrix arrangement of the pressure chambers} 2002/ {Multiple feed channels per ink chamber} 2002/ {characterised by nozzle shapes or number of orifices per chamber} 2002/ {Separated pressure chamber (for bubble jet 2/14064)} 2002/ {Electrical connection (for bubble jet 2/14072)} 2/ Arrangement thereof 2/ for serial printing 2/ for line printing 2/ Production of nozzles 2/ {Production of bubble jet print heads ( 2/1606, 2/162 take } 2/ {of the front shooter type} 2/ {of the edge shooter type} 2/ {Coating the nozzle area or the ink chamber} 2/ {Production of print heads with piezoelectric elements ( 2/1606, 2/162 take } 2/ {of finger type, chamber walls consisting integrally of piezoelectric material} 2/ {of film type, deformed by bending and disposed on a diaphragm} 2/ {of stacked structure type, deformed by compression/extension and disposed on a diaphragm} 2/ {of cantilever type} 2/ {of tubular type} 2/ {of disc type} 2/ {Fixing the piezoelectric elements} 2/ {Manufacturing of the nozzle plates} 2/ {manufacturing processes} 2/ {bonding and adhesion} 2/ {electroforming} 2/ {etching} 2/ {dry etching} 2/ {wet etching} 2/ {photolithography} 2/ {machining} 2/ {laser machining} 2/ {dividing the wafer into individual chips} 2/ {molding} 2/ {sacrificial molding} 2/ {thin film formation} 2/ {thin film formation by CVD [chemical vapor deposition]} 2/ {thin film formation by plating} 2/ {thin film formation by spincoating} CPC

5 Kinds of typewriters or of selective printing mechanisms 2/ {thin film formation by sputtering} 2/ {Production of print heads with thermal bend detached actuators} 2/ Preventing {or detecting} of nozzle clogging, e.g. cleaning, capping or moistening for nozzles 2002/ {Printhead constructions to prevent nozzle clogging or facilitate nozzle cleaning} 2/ {Caps, spittoons or covers for cleaning or preventing drying out} 2/ {connected with the printer frame} 2/ {Constructions for cap positioning ( 2/16547 takes } 2002/ {creating a distance between cap and print head, e.g. for suction or pressurising} 2/ {Cleaning of print head nozzles ( 2/16505, 2/1707, 2/1714 take } 2/ {by driving a fluid through the nozzles to the outside thereof, e.g. by applying pressure to the inside or vacuum at the outside of the print head} 2/ {Waste ink collection from caps or spittoons, e.g. by suction} 2/ {by applying pressure only} 2002/ {Idle discharge on printing matter} 2/ {by applying vacuum only} 2/ {using wiping constructions ( 2/16552 takes } 2/ {with brushes or wiper blades perpendicular to the nozzle plate} 2/ {Means to remove deposits from wipers or scrapers} 2/ {Constructions for the positioning of wipers} 2/ {the wipers and caps or spittoons being on the same movable support} 2002/ {with wiping surface parallel with nozzle plate and mounted on reels, e.g. cleaning ribbon cassettes} 2/ {using cleaning fluids} 2002/ {Air or gas for cleaning} 2002/ {Using cleaning liquid for wet wiping} 2002/ {by an electrical field} 2002/ {Heating means therefor, e.g. for hot melt inks} 2002/ {using ultrasonic or vibrating means} 2002/ {Cleaning of only nozzles or print head parts being selected} 2002/ {Cleaning process logic, e.g. for determining type or order of cleaning processes} 2002/ {Cleaning means pushed or actuated by print head movement} 2/ {Detection means therefor, e.g. for nozzle clogging} 2002/ {Maintenance means fixed on the print head or its carriage} 2/ {for paper-width or non-reciprocating print heads} 2/ {Print heads movable towards the cleaning unit} 2002/ {for line print heads above an endless belt} 2002/ {Pumps or valves for cleaning} 2002/ {Pumps for idle discharge of liquid through nozzles} 2/17... characterised by ink handling 2/ {Conditioning of the inside of ink supply circuits, e.g. flushing during start-up or shutdown} 2/ {Conditioning of the outside of ink supply systems, e.g. inkjet collector cleaning, ink mist removal ( 2/08, 2/16517, 2/18 take } 2/ {Collecting waste ink; Collectors therefor} 2002/ {Closed waste ink collector} 2002/ {Closed waste ink collector with ink supply tank in common container} 2002/ {Open waste ink collector, e.g. ink receiving from a print head above the collector during borderless printing} 2/ Ink supply systems {; Circuit parts therefor} 2/ {Ink cartridges} 2/ {Refilling of the cartridge} 2/ {Whilst mounted in the printer} 2/ {Inner structure} 2002/ {comprising a collapsible ink holder, e.g. a flexible bag} 2/ {Mounting within the printer} 2/ {Ink connection} 2/ {Electrical contacts to the cartridge} 2/ {Details of contacts on the cartridge, e.g. protection of contacts} 2/ {Storage or packaging of ink cartridges} 2/ {Protection of cartridges or parts thereof, e.g. tape} 2/ {with means attached to the cartridge, e.g. protective cap} 2/ {Cartridge presence detection or type identification} 2/ {electronically} 2/ {mechanically} 2/ {Outer structure} 2/ {Means for regulating the pressure in the cartridge} 2/ {Cartridge manufacturing} 2/ {Ink filters} 2/ {Ink level or ink residue control} 2002/ {based on the amount printed or to be printed} 2002/ {using optical means for ink level indication} 2002/ {using a floater for ink level indication} 2002/ {Measuring electrical impedance for ink level indication} 2002/ {using vibration or ultra-sons for ink level indication} 2002/ {using ink bag deformation for ink level indication} 2002/ {using ink level as input for printer mode selection or for prediction of remaining printing capacity} CPC

6 Kinds of typewriters or of selective printing mechanisms 2/ {Supplying ink in a solid state} 2/ {Ink pumps, ink valves} 2/ Ink recirculation systems 2/ Ink-collectors; Ink-catchers 2002/ {ink collectors for continuous Inkjet printers, e.g. gutters, mist suction means} 2002/ {waste ink containers} 2/ for removing air bubbles 2/ for monitoring ink quality 2/ for preventing or detecting contamination of compounds 2/ for printing a discrete number of tones ( 2/21 takes 2/ {by dot superpositioning, e.g. multipass doubling} 2/ {by the variation of dot disposition or characteristics, e.g. dot number density, dot shape} 2/ {by ink density change} 2002/ {selecting different ink densities from one colour} 2/21... for multi-colour printing 2/ {Features not dealing with the colouring process per se, e.g. construction of printers or heads, driving circuit adaptations} 2/ {characterised by the ink properties} 2/ {Mixing of inks, solvent or air prior to paper contact} 2/ {Ejecting transparent or white coloured liquids, e.g. processing liquids ( 2/211 takes } 2/ {Ejecting white liquids} 2/ {characterised by dot size, e.g. combinations of printed dots of different diameter} 2/ {by means of nozzle diameter selection} 2/ {by means of energy modulation} 2/ {Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding (methods for local corrections by dot omission, image edge enhancement, or multi-pass mask selection G06K 15/102; colour conversion H04N 1/40)} 2/ {Alignment of dots (adjustments by bodily moving print heads or carriages 25/001)} 2/ {Compensation for malfunctioning nozzles creating dot place or dot size errors} 2/ {Detection of malfunctioning nozzles (for cleaning purposes 2/16579; jet deflection sensors 2/125)} 2/ {for line print heads} 2/215.. by passing a medium, e.g. consisting of an air or particle stream, through an ink mist 2/22. characterised by selective application of impact or pressure on a printing material or impressiontransfer material 2/225.. ballistic, e.g. using solid balls or pellets 2/23.. using print wires 2/ Print head assemblies 2/ serial printer type ( 2/25, 2/265 take 2/ line printer type ( 2/25, 2/265 take 2/ Print wires 2/ Arrangement of the print ends of the wires 2/ Connection of print wire and actuator 2/ Guides for print wires 2/27... Actuators for print wires 2/ of clapper type ( 2/28 takes 2/ of spring charge type, i.e. with mechanical power under electro-magnetic control 2/ of plunger type 2/ of moving-coil type 2/ using piezo-electric elements 2/30... Control circuits for actuators 2/ Ink supply apparatus (ink ribbons, ink-ribbon mechanisms 31/00-35/00) 2/31.. using a print element with projections on its surface impacted or impressed by hammers 2/315. characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material ( 2/385, 2/435 take 2/32.. using thermal heads 2/ by selective transfer of ink from ink carrier, e.g. from ink ribbon or sheet 2/ from ink roller 2/ Structure of thermal heads 2/ {Constructional details} 2/ {Electrode layers} 2/ {Heater layers} 2/ {Integrated circuits} 2/ {Passivation layers} 2/ {Protective layers} 2/ {Substrates} 2/ {characterised by geometry} 2/ {characterised by dimensions} 2/ {characterised by materials} 2/ {characterised by type} 2/ {Corner type resistors} 2/ {Edge type resistors} 2/ {Surface type resistors} 2/ {Processes for assembling process heads} 2/ {Cooling arrangements} 2/ {Hollow parts under the heater} 2/ {Manufacturing processes} 2/ {Conductors through the layered structure} 2/ comprising semiconductors 2/ characterised by the arrangement of resistors or conductors 2/35... providing current or voltage to the thermal head 2/ Control circuits for heating-element selection 2/ {Block driving} 2/ {Heater resistance determination} 2/ {Historical control} 2/ {Preheating pulses} 2/ {Voltage control or determination} 2/ Print density control 2/ {Correcting density variation} 2/ by compensation for variation in temperature 2/ by compensation for variation in current 2/ Protection arrangements against overheating 2/38.. Preheating, i.e. heating to a temperature insufficient to cause printing CPC

7 Kinds of typewriters or of selective printing mechanisms 2/385. characterised by selective supply of electric current or selective application of magnetism to a printing or impression-transfer material ( 2/005 takes precedence; electrography, magnetography G03G) 2/ {Electrographic print heads using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. electrolysis} 2/39.. using multi-stylus heads 2/ Structure of multi-stylus heads 2/40... providing current or voltage to the multi-stylus head 2/ Selection of the stylus or auxiliary electrode to be supplied (electronic switching circuits in general H03K 17/00) 2/41.. for electrostatic printing ( 2/39 takes 2/ by passing charged particles through a hole or a slit 2/ {for direct electrostatic printing [DEP]} 2/42.. for heating selectively 2/425.. for removing surface layer selectively from electro-sensitive material, e.g. metal coated paper 2/43.. for magnetic printing 2/435. characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material (optical elements, systems, or apparatus G02B; modulation or deflection of light G02F; electrophotography G03G) 2/44.. using single radiation source {per colour}, e.g. lighting beams or shutter arrangements ({ 2/465, 2/47}, 2/475 take 2/ {using lasers (ablative marking methods and sheet materials for use therein B41M 5/24; working material by laser beam in general B23K 26/00)} 2/ using liquid crystals 2/447.. using arrays of radiation sources ( 2/475 takes 2/ {using liquid crystal [LC] arrays} 2/ {using cathode ray or electron beam tubes} 2/45... using light-emitting diode {[LED] or laser} arrays 2/ {Special optical means therefor, e.g. lenses, mirrors, focusing means} 2002/ {self-scanning} 2/ using laser arrays {, the laser array being smaller than the medium to be recorded} 2/46... characterised by using glass fibres 2/465.. using masks, e.g. light-switching masks (photographic composing B41B) 2/ {using character templates} 2/47.. using the combination of scanning and modulation of light 2/ {using dot sequential main scanning by means of a light deflector, e.g. a rotating polygonal mirror} 2/ {using multiple light beams, wavelengths or colours} 2/475.. for heating selectively {by radiation or ultrasonic waves} 2/ {using thermosensitive substrates, e.g. paper} 2002/ {Erasing by radiation} 2/48... melting ink on a film or melting ink granules 2/485. characterised by the process of building-up characters {or image elements} applicable to two or more kinds of printing or marking processes 2/49.. by writing 2/495.. by selective printing from a rotating helical member 2/50.. by the selective combination of two or more nonidentical printing elements 2/505.. from an assembly of identical printing elements {(printers with two or more sets of printing elements 3/54; arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the digital output data using matrix printers, e.g. individual print element control for printing letters G06K 15/10)} 2/ {with special adaptations characterised by the ink properties ( 2/2107 takes } 2/ {with special adaptations characterised by dot size ( 2/2121 takes } 2/ {using dot arrays providing selective dot disposition modes, e.g. different dot densities for high speed and high quality printing, array line selections for multi-pass printing, or dot shifts for character inclination ( 2/2132 takes precedence; providing dot disposition modes by bodily changing the angle of a print head 25/003)} 2/ {locally, i.e. for single dots or for small areas of a character (methods for insertion or deletion of dots, or for character edge smoothing G06K 15/102)} 2/51... serial printer type 2/ {Adjustment of the dot disposition by adjustment of the arrangement of the dot printing elements of a print head, e.g. nozzles, needles} WARNING This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from January 1, The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to 25/001 and subgroups 2/ line printer type 2/52. Arrangement for printing a discrete number of tones, not covered by group 2/205, e.g. applicable to two or more kinds of printing or marking process ( 2/525 takes precedence; for photomechanical production G03F 5/00) 2/525. Arrangement for multi-colour printing, not covered by group 2/21, e.g. applicable to two or more kinds of printing or marking process (for photomechanical production G03F 3/00) 3/00 Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms, {e.g. ink-jet printers, thermal printers} characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed (cryptographic typewriters G09C 3/00) 3/01. for special character, e.g. for Chinese characters or barcodes 3/24. for perforating or stencil cutting using special types or dies 3/26. for stenographic writing CPC

8 Kinds of typewriters or of selective printing mechanisms 3/28. for printing downwardly on flat surfaces, e.g. of books, drawings, boxes {, envelopes, e.g. flatbed ink-jet printers ( 3/36, 3/407, 3/4071, 3/4073, 3/4075, 3/4076, 3/4078 take precedence; flat page-size platens 11/06; conveyor belts 13/12; drawing instruments B43L 13/00, automatic draughting machines B43L 13/022)} 3/283.. {on bank books or the like} 3/286.. {on boxes} 3/30. for printing with large type, e.g. on bulletins, tickets 3/32. for printing in Braille or with keyboards specially adapted for use by blind or disabled persons 3/34. for printing musical scores 3/36. for portability {, i.e. hand-held printers or laptop printers ( 3/4075 takes precedence; printers with reduced dimensions 29/023; stackable printers 29/026)} 3/365.. {Toy typewriters (toy imitations of typewriters A63H 33/3077)} 3/37.. Foldable typewriters 3/38. for embossing, e.g. for making matrices for stereotypes {(surface shaping, e.g. embossing B29C 59/00; mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material B31F 1/00; machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks B44B 5/00)} 3/382.. {of tapes, e.g. tape cartridges} 3/385.. {of plates, e.g. metal plates, plastic cards} 3/ {with automatic plate transport systems, e.g. for credit cards} 3/39.. hand-held (manually-controlled or manuallyoperable label dispensers having printing equipment B65C 11/02) 3/407. for marking on special material (printing on special surfaces B41F 7/00; {apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits by printing or dispensing a conductive paste or ink H05K 3/1241}) 3/ {Printing on disk-shaped media, e.g. CDs} 3/ {Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects ( 3/283, 3/286 take precedence; building up a 3D object using individual droplets from jetting heads B29C 64/112)} 3/ {Tape printers; Label printers (tape cartridges 15/044)} 3/ {printing on rewritable, bistable "electronic paper" by a focused electric or magnetic field (displays in which the positions of movable elements are controlled by the application of an electric field G09F 9/372, of a magnetic field G09F 9/375)} 3/ {Printing on textile (ink-jet dying or printing processes for textile D06P 5/30; conversion of colour signals for textile printing H04N 1/54)} 3/413.. for metal 3/42. Two or more complete typewriters coupled for simultaneous operation 3/44. Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms having dual functions or combined with, or coupled to, apparatus performing other functions (printing mechanisms coupled to typographical composing machines B41B 27/41) 3/445.. {Printers integrated in other types of apparatus, e.g. printers integrated in cameras} 3/46.. Printing mechanisms combined with apparatus providing a visual indication 3/50.. Mechanisms producing characters by printing and also producing a record by other means {, e.g. printer combined with RFID writer} (punching mechanisms G06K) 3/51... the printed and recorded information being identical; using type elements with code-generating means (G06K 1/12 takes 3/54. with two or more sets of type or printing elements ( 3/60 takes 3/543.. {with multiple inkjet print heads ( 2/17503, 2/2103 take } 3/546.. {Combination of different types, e.g. using a thermal transfer head and an inkjet print head} 3/60. for printing on both faces of the printing material 3/62. for printing on two or more separate sheets or strips of printing material {being conveyed simultaneously to or through the printing zone} ( 3/54 takes precedence {; 15/18, 15/20, 15/22 and 15/24 take precedence}) Common details or accessories 5/00 Devices or arrangements for controlling character selection ({interpreting G06K 3/00;} methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers G06K 7/00) 5/02. Character or syllable selected by setting an index 5/04.. Single-character selection 5/06.. Multiple-character selection 5/08. Character or syllable selected by means of keys or keyboards of the typewriter type WARNING Groups 5/08-5/28 are no longer used for the classification of new documents. See G06F 3/00 5/10.. Arrangements of keyboards {, e.g. key button disposition} 5/ {Keyboard overlays (for computer use G06F 3/023)} 5/ {Constructional details of keyboard frames, e.g. adjusting or fixation means} 5/ {for special purposes, e.g. Braille, Chinese, multi-language options} 5/12.. Construction of key buttons 5/14.. Construction of key levers 5/16.. Mounting or connecting key buttons on or to key levers 5/18.. Locks 5/20... for subsidiary keys, e.g. for shift keys 5/22... Interlocks between keys, e.g. without detent arrangements 5/ with detent arrangements 5/26.. Regulating touch, key dip or stroke, or the like 5/28.. Multiple-action keys, e.g. keys depressed by two or more amounts or movable in two or more directions to effect different functions or selections 5/30. Character or syllable selection controlled by recorded information 5/31.. characterised by form of recorded information CPC

9 Common details or accessories 5/32... by printed, embossed, or photographic records, e.g. cards, sheets 5/ by strips or tapes 5/36... by punched records, e.g. cards, sheets 5/ by strips or tapes 5/40... by magnetic or electrostatic records, e.g. cards, sheets 5/ by strips or tapes 5/44.. characterised by storage of recorded information 5/46... on internal storages 5/48... on external storages 5/ on a single storage 5/ on more than one separate storage, e.g. on additional correction strips or tapes 5/52.. characterised by the provision of additional devices for producing a punched or like record, e.g. simultaneously 7/00 Type-selecting or type-actuating mechanisms (index setting 5/02) 7/005. {Type-selecting actions or mechanisms by unusual means, e.g. for use by physically disabled persons (control means for physically disabled persons in general A61F 4/00)} 7/02. Type-lever actuating mechanisms 7/04.. Levers mounted on fixed pivots 7/06... and connected to transmission members, e.g. toothed gearing 7/ with pin-and-slot or like loose connections; Cam-slot members 7/ Chain, belt, flexible cable, or like members 7/12... U-shaped type-lever on two pivots 7/14... Single key-and-type lever 7/16... Type-head pivoted to or rotating on lever 7/18.. Levers having moving or variable fulcra to alter the mechanical advantage during the stroke 7/20.. Levers having moving pivots fixed relative to the lever; Type- bars each pivoted on two links 7/22.. Type-baskets; Bearings or hangers for type levers 7/24.. Construction of type-levers (U-shaped levers 7/12) 7/26.. Special means, e.g. repulsers, for ensuring return of type- levers 7/28.. Key lever and type member returned independently to rest position 7/30.. Preventing rebound or clash of levers or type members 7/32. Type-face selected by operation of sliding members 7/34. Type-face selected by operation of rotary members 7/36. Selecting arrangements applied to type-carriers rotating during impression 7/38.. Type movable on carrier for selection 7/40.. Type movable on carrier for impression 7/42.. Timed impression, e.g. without impact 7/44... with impact 7/46.. Rolling contact during impression 7/48. Type carrier arrested in selected position by electromagnetic means 7/50. Type-face selected by combinations of two movements of type carrier 7/52.. by combined rotary and sliding movement 7/54. Selecting arrangements including combinations, permutation, summation, or aggregation means 7/56.. Summation devices for mechanical movements 7/58... Wedges 7/60... Levers 7/62... Gearing 7/64... Pulley and strand mechanism 7/66.. Movable members, e.g. pins, displaceable according to a code 7/68.. with means for selectively closing an electric circuit for type presentation 7/90. Syllable, line, or like type selection 7/92. Impact adjustment; Means to give uniformity of impression ( 9/46, 9/48 take 7/94.. Character-by-character adjustment 7/96. Means checking correctness of setting 9/00 Hammer-impression mechanisms 9/02. Hammers; Arrangements thereof 9/04.. of single hammers, e.g. travelling along printing line 9/06... of stationary hammers, e.g. engaging a single type-carrier 9/ engaging more than one type-carrier 9/10.. of more than one hammer, e.g. one for each character position 9/12... each operating in more than one character position 9/127.. Mounting of hammers 9/133.. Construction of hammer body or tip 9/14. Means for selecting or suppressing individual hammers 9/16. Means for cocking or resetting hammers 9/18.. Cams 9/20.. Springs 9/22.. Fluid-pressure means 9/24.. Electromagnetic means 9/26. Means for operating hammers to effect impression 9/28.. Cams 9/30.. Springs 9/32.. arranged to be clutched to snatch roll 9/34.. Fluid-pressure means 9/36.. in which mechanical power is applied under electromagnetic control 9/38.. Electromagnetic means 9/40.. including an electro-adhesive clutch 9/42. with anti-rebound arrangements 9/44. Control for hammer-impression mechanisms 9/46.. for deciding or adjusting hammer-firing time 9/48.. for deciding or adjusting hammer-drive energy 9/50.. for compensating for the variations of printer drive conditions, e.g. for compensating for the variation of temperature or current supply 9/52.. for checking the operation of print hammers 9/54... for checking the breakage of print hammers CPC

10 Common details or accessories 11/00 Devices or arrangements {of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers, thermal printers,} for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form ({printing on both faces 3/60;} specially adapted for supporting or handling copy material in short lengths 13/00; in continuous form 15/00; holders for text to be copied 29/00 {; handling sheets or webs in general B65H; apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern, e.g. copying machines, G03G 15/00}) 11/0005. {Curl smoothing, i.e. smoothing down corrugated printing material, e.g. by pressing means acting on wrinkled printing material (means for tensioning webs in general 15/16; tensioning webs by using redirecting rollers or redirecting nonrevolving guides 15/165; smoothers in general B65H 5/36 or B65H 29/52; taking out curl from webs B65H 23/34; decurling sheets G03G 15/6576)} 11/001. {Handling wide copy materials, (wide cut sheets 13/0072)} 11/0015. {for treating before, during or after printing or for uniform coating or laminating the copy material before or after printing (selective coating 2/2114; application of ink fixing material by inkjet printers B41M 5/0011; after-treatment of prints relating to the nature of material B41M 7/00; after-treatment of prints using protective coatings or layers B41M 7/0027)} 11/002.. {Heating or irradiating, e.g. by UV or IR, or drying of copy material} 11/0025. {Handling copy materials differing in width} 11/003.. {Paper-size detection, i.e. automatic detection of the length and/or width of copy material} 11/0035. {Handling copy materials differing in thickness ( 11/20 and 25/308 take } 11/004. {Platenless printing, i.e. conveying the printing material freely, without support on its back, through the printing zone opposite to the print head} 11/0045. {Guides for printing material (curl smoothing 11/0005; platens 11/02, 11/06; guiding webs 15/046)} 11/005.. {Guides in the printing zone, e.g. guides for preventing contact of conveyed sheets with printhead (guides in the printing section for copy material in short lengths 13/14)} 11/ {Lateral guides, e.g. guides for preventing skewed conveyance of printing material} 11/006. {Means for preventing paper jams or for facilitating their removal} 11/0065. {Means for printing without leaving a margin on at least one edge of the copy material, e.g. edge-toedge printing} 11/007. {Conveyor belts or like feeding devices (conveyor belts specially adapted for handling sheets 13/08; conveyor belts specially adapted for handling copy material in continuous form 15/048; conveyor belts in general B65G 15/00; separating articles from piles using belts B65H 3/04; feeding articles by belts B65H 5/02)} 11/0075. {Low-paper indication, i.e. indicating the state when copy material has been used up nearly or completely} 11/008. {Controlling printhead for accurately positioning print image on printing material, e.g. with the intention to control the width of margins} 11/0085. {Using suction for maintaining printing material flat (on rotatable drums 13/226)} 11/009. {Detecting type of paper, e.g. by automatic reading of a code that is printed on a paper package or on a paper roll or by sensing the grade of translucency of the paper (selecting type of paper 11/485; investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means G01N 21/00; investigating moving sheets G01N 21/86)} 11/0095. {Detecting means for copy material, e.g. for detecting or sensing presence of copy material or its leading or trailing end} 11/02. Platens 11/04.. Roller platens 11/ with sound-deadening devices (structure of surface 11/057) 11/ Structure of the surface 11/06.. Flat page-size platens {or smaller flat platens having a greater size than line-size platens ( 11/0085 takes precedence; flat-bed ink-jet printers 3/28)} 11/08.. Bar or like line-size platens 11/10.. Anvil or like character-size platens 11/13.. Backings or blankets (for roller platens 11/057) 11/14.. Platen-shift mechanisms; Driving gear therefor {( 11/20 takes } 11/16.. with balancing means 11/18. Platen-impression arrangements 11/20. Platen adjustments for varying the strength of impression, for a varying number of papers, for wear or for alignment {, or for print gap adjustment (adjustments by moving the print head 25/308, 25/312)} 11/22. Paper carriage guides or races {(printhead carriage guides 19/00)} 11/24. Detents, brakes, or couplings for feed rollers or platens 11/26. Pin feeds 11/27.. on or within the platen-rollers 11/28.. Pin wheels 11/30.. Pin traction elements other than wheels, e.g. pins on endless bands 11/32.. Adjustment of pin wheels or traction elements, e.g. laterally 11/34.. Guides coacting with pin feeds 11/36. Blanking or long feeds; Feeding to a particular line, e.g. by rotation of platen or feed roller 11/38.. Manually-operated feeding devices 11/40.. specially adapted for printing musical scores 11/42.. Controlling {printing material conveyance for accurate alignment of the printing material with the printhead; Print registering (controlling printhead 11/008; control of the transport of cut sheets 13/0009)} 11/ {for a variable printing material feed amount} 11/44... by devices, e.g. programme tape or contact wheel, moved in correspondence with movement of paper-feeding devices, e.g. platen rotation 11/46... by marks or formations on the paper being fed CPC

11 Common details or accessories 11/48. Apparatus for condensed record, tally strip, or like work using two or more papers, or sets of papers {, e.g. devices for switching over from handling of copy material in sheet form to handling of copy material in continuous form and vice versa or pointof-sale printers comprising means for printing on continuous copy material, e.g. journal for tills, and on single sheets, e.g. cheques or receipts ( 15/042 takes precedence; simultaneous conveyance of sheets or strips 3/62)} 11/485.. {Means for selecting a type of copy material amongst different types of copy material in the printing apparatus (detecting type of paper 11/009)} 11/50.. in which two or more papers or sets are separately fed in the same direction towards the printing position {( 15/18, 15/20, 15/22 and 15/24 take } 11/51... with different feed rates {( 15/18, 15/20, 15/22 and 15/24 take } 11/52.. in which one paper or set is moved transversely relative to another 11/53... Devices for holding in place one paper or set during replacement of one or more of the auxiliary papers or sets 11/54.. in which one paper or set is fed towards printing position from the front of the apparatus 11/55... with means for adjusting a paper or set 11/56. specially constructed to facilitate storage or transport of typewriter {( 3/36 takes } 11/58. Supply holders for sheets or fan-folded webs, e.g. shelves, tables, scrolls, pile holders {( 13/10, 13/103 and 13/106 take } 11/60. Erasing or correcting tables 11/62. Shields or masks 11/64. Applications of scales or indicators 11/66. Applications of cutting devices {(cutting in general B26D)} 11/663.. {Controlling cutting, cutting resulting in special shapes of the cutting line, e.g. controlling cutting positions, e.g. for cutting in the immediate vicinity of a printed image} 11/666.. {Cutting partly, e.g. cutting only the uppermost layer of a multiple-layer printing material} 11/68.. cutting parallel to the direction of paper feed 11/70.. cutting perpendicular to the direction of paper feed 11/ {Cutting of tape} 11/ {using a cutting tool mounted on a reciprocating carrier} 13/00 Devices or arrangements {of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers, thermal printers,} specially adapted for supporting or handling copy material in short lengths, e.g. sheets {(handling sheets or webs in general B65H; apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern, e.g. copying machines, G03G 15/00)} 13/0009. {control of the transport of the copy material} 13/ {in the sheet input section of automatic paper handling systems (guides therefor 13/103)} 13/ {in the printing section of automatic paper handling systems (rollers 13/02, guides therefor 13/14)} 13/ {in the output section of automatic paper handling systems (rollers 13/02, guides 13/106)} 13/ {concerning sheet refeed sections of automatic paper handling systems, e.g. intermediate stackers, reversing units (printing on both faces 3/60)} 13/0054. {Handling sheets of differing lengths} 13/0063. {Handling thick cut sheets larger than credit cards, e.g. greeting cards, postcards, e.g. using means for enabling or facilitating the conveyance of thick sheets ( 11/20, 13/12 and 25/308 take } 13/0072. {Handling wide cut sheets, e.g. using means for enabling or facilitating the conveyance of wide sheets} 13/0081. {Sheet-storing packages, e.g. for protecting the sheets against ambient influences, e.g. light, humidity, changes in temperature} 13/009. {Diverting sheets at a section where at least two sheet conveying paths converge, e.g. by a movable switching guide that blocks access to one conveying path and guides the sheet to another path, e.g. when a sheet conveying direction is reversed after printing on the front of the sheet has been finished and the sheet is guided to a sheet turning path for printing on the back} 13/02. Rollers (roller platens 11/04 {; rollers for conveying in general B65G 39/00; separating articles from piles using friction rollers B65H 3/06; feeding articles by rollers B65H 5/06}) 13/025.. {Special roller holding or lifting means, e.g. for temporarily raising one roller of a pair of nipping rollers for inserting printing material} 13/03.. driven, e.g. feed rollers separate from platen 13/036.. co-operating with a roller platen 13/ Front and rear rollers or sets of front or rear rollers each mounted on a separate carrier 13/ Front and rear rollers both mounted on a common carrier 13/ on the paper apron concentric with the roller platen 13/076.. Construction of rollers; Bearings therefor 13/08. {Conveyor} bands or like feeding devices {( 11/007 takes } 13/10. Sheet holders, retainers {, movable guides}, or stationary guides 13/103.. {for the sheet feeding section} 13/106.. {for the sheet output section} 13/12.. specially adapted for {small} cards, envelopes, or the like {, e.g. credit cards, cut visiting cards (handling thick cut sheets larger than credit cards 13/0063)} 13/14.. Aprons or guides {for the printing section} 13/16... movable for insertion or release of sheets 13/18... concentric with roller platen 13/20.. Bails 13/22.. Clamps or grippers 13/ {on rotatable drums} 13/ {using suction} 13/24.. Strips for supporting or holding papers CPC