Johnson Space Center. Sandra J. Tetley JSC Historic Preservation Officer December 3, 2015

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1 Johnson Space Center Center Operations Directorate JP/ Planning & Integration Office Sandra J. Tetley JSC Historic Preservation Officer December 3, 2015

2 JSC Historic Preservation JSC HPO

3 What guides how NASA manages historic resources? Lots of Federal laws: National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) (JSC Impacted) Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act Archeological Resources Protection Act (JSC Impacted) American Indian Religious Freedom Act Religious Freedom Restoration Act 36 CFR 79: Curationof Federally-owned and Administered Archeological Collections Executive Order 13287, Preserve America (JSC Impacted) EO13007: Indian Sacred Sites EO13175: Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments AND NPR , NASA Cultural Resources Management (JSC Impacted)

JSC Historic Facilities Johnson Space Center Center Operations Directorate JP/ Planning & Integration Office NHLs under Apollo: 30 and 32 NRHP Eligible Under the Shuttle Program: 5, 7, 9, 16, 30, 33,

4 JSC Historic Facilities Johnson Space Center Center Operations Directorate JP/ Planning & Integration Office NHLs under Apollo: 30 and 32 NRHP Eligible Under the Shuttle Program: 5, 7, 9, 16, 30, 33, 35, 44, 49, 90G, 222, 350, 351, 352, 352A, 354, 356A JSC NRHP Eligible Years: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 18A, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 44, 45, 48, 49, 222, 227, 259, 260,263, 350, 352, 353, 354, 356A Ellington SCTF NRHP Eligible: E135, E136, E140, E990, E993, S920

5 Historic Preservation Process: What impact does the project have on a historic property? Adverse, Not Adverse or No Historic Property impacted. The State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO), the National Park Service (NPS), the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) and the Public are the Consulting Parties. Mitigation is required for negative effects! Consultation must be completed before project begins.

6 Historic Preservation Save and Preserve Change and Use Demolish

7 Apollo Mission Control Center Restoration 2015

8 National Historic Landmark Building 30 designated an NHL in 1985 with the Apollo Mission Control Center as the focal point. National Historic Preservation Act --54 U.S.C et seq. Section 106 Requires consultation with SHPO, ACHP, NPS and the Public. Section 110 (a)(1) and (a)(2)(b) Agency has an affirmative responsibility to manage and maintain historic property under its jurisdiction in a manner that takes into account the property s historic significance. National Historic Landmarks Program CFR Part 65 NPR , NASA Cultural Resources Management Programmatic Agreement Among NASA, The National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers, and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation.

9 NPS Findings on Apollo MCC Most of the historic furnishings and objects associated with the Mission Operations Control Room (MOCR) and the Viewing and Simulation (Sim) Rooms during the Apollo Mission era have been lost, removed, and/or seriously deteriorated. As a result, the Apollo Mission Control Center NHL is now classified as Threatened by National Park Service, the agency charged by Congress to administer the NHL program. To restore historic integrity, the MOCR, Viewing and Sim Rooms should be brought back to their appearance during the Apollo era. To prevent further damage and loss of integrity after the restoration, the existing visitation patterns and access controls(by NASA and Space Center Houston) require modification.

Recommendations for restoration: MOCR Major

Pneumatic tubes Facsimiles of important bound and

10 Recommendations for restoration: MOCR Major Furnishings and Key Objects Restore consoles to Apolloera. Retain gray console chairs Bookshelves Headsets Pneumatic tubes Facsimiles of important bound and loose documents (mission rules, flight director logs) Remove non-historic curtains on Sim room windows

11 Bring consoles back to life

Conveying the Flight Controller Experience White numbers filling a black screen (FIXED MONITOR DISPLAYS) Plots on the display boards (REACTIVE DISPLAYS AND MISSION CLOCK) Subdued lighting (DIMMED TO

12 Conveying the Flight Controller Experience White numbers filling a black screen (FIXED MONITOR DISPLAYS) Plots on the display boards (REACTIVE DISPLAYS AND MISSION CLOCK) Subdued lighting (DIMMED TO ACTIVE MISSION LEVEL) Warning lights (for only a few of the problems that might occur) (LIT DISPLAYS) At least 3 communication loops: flight director s, air-to-ground, and the controller s back room. Volume on primary loops turned up the loudest. (HEADSETS) Cigarettes, cigars, and coffee (CUPS, ASHTRAYS, CIGARETTE PACKS, PIPES AND POUCHES) October 11, 1968, Flight Director Glynn Lunneyseated at his console on the first day of the Apollo 7 mission.

overhead lighting during public viewing hours to maximize black and white console and group

13 MOCR Structural Elements Carpeted tiles are not Apollo-era. Replace with acceptable facsimile. At minimum, clean and repair existing carpet; remove adhesive caution strips Re-create subdued overhead lighting during public viewing hours to maximize black and white console and group displays Retrofit lighting to protect artifacts from UV emissions Retain and repair original wood railing

14 Include Minor Functional Objects

15 Display reference copies on shelves and surfaces in MOCR Include other relevant documents (flight director logs, etc.) in a quantity that accurate reflects what was necessary to keep at hand during an active mission

historically appropriate displays, including plot board

16 Projection Room ( The Bat Cave ) Recreate rear-projected group displays that reflect Apollo-era content Use historically appropriate displays, including plot board traces, looping video from missions and television coverage, etc.

Remove curtains on fixed glass windows so that interior is visible

17 Include Simulation Control Area The SimRoom is now used for surplus storage. Remove curtains on fixed glass windows so that interior is visible from MOCR and viewing gallery. Retain original simulation consoles still in this room. Retain P tube system. Remove all other objects.

counter in rear Remove Shuttle-era console in the JSC Director s

18 Viewing Room Major Furnishings Clean and repair upholstered theater seating (74 seats; 5 rows) Retain, repair, and clean standing counter in rear Remove Shuttle-era console in the JSC Director s office (north VIP room) Remove photo murals to restore historic appearance

Viewing Room Structural Elements Retain VIP Rooms and Telephone Kiosks (4 total, 2 in each rear corner) Consider installation of reproduction/period

19 Viewing Room Structural Elements Retain VIP Rooms and Telephone Kiosks (4 total, 2 in each rear corner) Consider installation of reproduction/period telephones in booths Clean and repair carpet Retain fixed viewing windows (3 for theater seating area; 1 for each VIP office) Retain original wall-covering

20 VIP Rooms: Restore with Apollo- Era configuration JSC Director s Office, 1970 Shuttle-era additions to JSC Director s Office (2014 photo)

Current VIEWING ROOM Experience: NPS believes that the Viewing Room provides the best visitor experience for understanding the operation of the MOCR offering a panoramic view that shows the console

21 Current VIEWING ROOM Experience: NPS believes that the Viewing Room provides the best visitor experience for understanding the operation of the MOCR offering a panoramic view that shows the console displays. However, the visitor experience is seriously diminished because: MOCR has been stripped of all missionera documents, furnishings, and personal items (headsets, ashtrays, coffee cups, mission manuals, etc.). The large group size of the tram tour forces some visitors to stand. Large screens at front of MOCR are dead or, at most, display one static image. Console screens and panels are also dead, giving room a sterile, inactive appearance. Sim room is screened with curtains. Visitors are distracted when other people, including NASA employees, enter the MOCR. NASA Coop Interns using consoles for orientation training, August 2014

22 CURRENT MOCR Experience Over 40,000 people, including VIPs, annually visit the MOCR. This visitor experience is problematic because: Visitors are allowed to touch original consoles, open file cabinets, and sit in original chairs (with food and beverages), causing wear-and-tear on historic and fragile furnishings. Visitor groups can be as large as 50, increasing likelihood of damage and theft. Visitors and NASA staff appear to have unrestricted access to a nationally significant and irreplaceable resource. Separate tour groups simultaneously occupy MOCR and Viewing Room, disrupting the visitor experience for both.

Desired Future Visitor Experience MOCR, Viewing and SimRooms are restored to appear like the Apollo flight controllers just left the room, with many small mission-related documents, furnishings and

23 Desired Future Visitor Experience MOCR, Viewing and SimRooms are restored to appear like the Apollo flight controllers just left the room, with many small mission-related documents, furnishings and personal items. Visitors feel that they are part of the dynamicand on-going story of NASA s Manned Space Flight Program. Restored historic furnishings are fully protected and maintained for future generations to experience. 99% of visitors to the Apollo Mission Control Center are restricted to the Viewing Room, which provides the best visitor experience and protects the restored MOCR. Group size in the Viewing Room is restricted to the 74 existing theatre seats. VIP and telephone rooms at sides of Viewing Room and the SimRoom are visible, and interpreted as integral parts of the story. Future visitors should feel as if the controllers have just stepped away from a scene like the one in this photo

Desired Future Visitor Experience Cont. Large front display, consoles and panels show representative data and indicator lights; Visitors feel that they are part of NASA s Manned Space Flight Program.

24 Desired Future Visitor Experience Cont. Large front display, consoles and panels show representative data and indicator lights; Visitors feel that they are part of NASA s Manned Space Flight Program. Visitation to the MOCR is severely reduced and those few VIPs visiting the room are closely supervised by trained staff, following these guidelines: Visitors are not allowed to touch original consoles and sit in original seating, thereby showing respect for the national significance of the MOCR. Visitors follow a defined route for a more meaningful, structured experience. Visitation is restricted to 15 or less so that tour guide can focus on storytelling, not crowd control. Separate tour groups never occupy both MOCR and Viewing Room at the same time.

25 Apollo Mission Control Center Visitors Lobby Consider display of MCC floor drawings and Philco-Ford scale models to reflect full Apollo-era configuration of the entire NHL (Building 30) Represent history and function of back rooms (support rooms) with graphic/photographic displays

26 Restoration Status JSC Team created to address restoration and storytelling in January 2015 Flight Operations, External Relations, Historic Preservation, JSC History Office, Space Center Houston, Apollo Flight Controllers (Jack Knight), Alumni League (Denny Holt) Storytelling proposals are due December 9 Contractor developing cost estimates and restoration plans Initial Consultation Meeting in January 2016 Approval by Center Director in January 2016 Restoration complete by June 1, 2018, 6 months prior to Apollo 8 mission

27 THANK YOU!!!

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