Course team. New Trends in Trade Agreements in Latin America & the Caribbean

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1 New Trends in Trade Agreements in Latin America & the Caribbean 1 INSTRUCTORS Antoni Estevadeordal Manager of the Integration and Trade Sector at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). He has expertise in trade policy, economic integration and regional cooperation policies in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), Asia-Pacific and Europe. He coordinates IDB s operational program and technical assistance, support to regional initiatives, policy research agenda and capacity building, as well as several public-private policy dialogues and inter-institutional partnerships to promote trade, regional integration and cooperation initiatives in LAC. Earlier, he taught at the University of Barcelona and Harvard University. Estevadeordal has published widely in major journals such as American Economic Review, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Review of Economics and Statistics, Review of International Economics, Review of World Economics, Journal of Economic Integration, World Economy. He has co-authored and co-edited several books. He is a Nonresident Senior Fellow at Brookings Institution and member of the WEF Global Council Agenda on the Future of Logistics and the E-15 ICTSD/WEF initiative. He is a Spanish citizen and holds a Ph.D. in Economics from Harvard University and a B.A. in Economics from the University of Barcelona. Joaquim Tres Principal Specialist of the Integration & Trade Sector at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), where he coordinates the Regional Integration Instruments Group. He leads South-South Cooperation (SSC) Initiatives, including the Regional Public Goods Program and SSC with Asia, the integration funds and the Trade & Integration Capacity Building Program. He is a co-author of the IDB s Integration Strategy, and has worked in economic development and trade for over 20 years, including research, policy-making and management. Earlier, he worked on UNCTAD s Trade and Development Report and at the Spanish Development Cooperation Agency (AECID) in Peru, 1

2 Mexico, Bolivia, Guatemala and Belize and among other issues supervised projects to support agro-industry companies in their internationalization and in taking advantage of regional trade agreements. He is an MPhil graduate from the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Sussex (UK), where he has served as a trustee. He also taught at Institut Barcelona d Estudis Internacionals, among other Spanish universities. Matthew Shearer Senior Specialist of the Integration & Trade Sector at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), where has been employed since His core areas of work include South-South cooperation, monitoring and results frameworks for the Bank s integration instruments, and organizing courses for the Caribbean at the IDB Capacity-Building Program on Integration and Trade. Earlier, he was part of the IDB team that provided support to the Free Trade Area of the Americas negotiations, participating as observer in the Negotiating Groups on Market Access, Agriculture, and Government Procurement. He earned an M.A. in Economics from American University. He is a co-author with Joaquim Tres of South-South and Triangular Cooperation in Latin America and the Caribbean: Much Ado about Nothing? (2013). Graciela Altruda Graciela Altruda currently serves as Trade Policy Advisory in the Ministry of Economy and Finance. She is Coordinator of the International Economic Negotiations Department. She has been in charge of several negotiations of services and investments trade agreements. She taught in the Department of International Trade s Bachelor s of International Business program at the Universidad Católica del Uruguay, at the Chamber of Commerce and Services of Uruguay and the Artigas Institute of Foreign Service at the Uruguayan Ministry of Foreign Affairs. She has a Diploma in University Teaching from the Universidad Católica del Uruguay and a Bachelor s degree in International Relations from Universidad de la República Uruguay. Ana Arias Ana Arias Urones is a Trade and Investment Specialist for the Inter-American Development Bank with 12 years of experience working in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and export promotion. She has previous experience at ICEX-Invest in Spain (the Spanish IPA), Invest in Madrid (regional IPA), private sector (telecom, chemical and textile sectors) and the European Union. She has experience executing projects in Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America. She holds a Law degree, masters in International Trade and she is currently finishing her PhD. 2

3 Juan S. Blyde Lead Economist of the Integration and Trade Sector at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). His areas of research have been on trade and firm productivity, trade and transport costs, and international value chains. He received his PhD in Economics from the University of Colorado at Boulder, and a BS in Economics from Universidad Católica Andrés Bello in Venezuela. Before, he worked as an economist at the Congressional Economic and Financial Advisory Office of Venezuela. His research has been published in various academic journals such as Journal of International Economics, Review of International Economics, International Economic Journal and Review of World Economics, among others. He is author of the book Synchronized Factories (2014). J. Andrene Collings Andrene Collings has worked for over thirty years in the private and public sector in Jamaica in several senior positions in domestic and international commerce. She is currently a Director of the Trade Board, the government agency that issues certificates of origin under the majority of Jamaica s trade agreements. Mrs. Collings previously worked with Jamaica Promotions (JAMPRO) where she managed the rules of origin portfolio. She attended Georgian College in Canada where she studied Marketing and the University of the West Indies where she pursued Management Studies. She is currently completing a MSc in Logistics and Supply Chain Management with the Caribbean Maritime Institute. She has completed several specialist courses and holds a Diploma from the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in Advanced Trade Policy. Sandra Corcuera Sandra Corcuera Santamaria is a customs and trade specialist with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) in Washington DC since She is responsible for preparing and managing customs and border management projects, as well as capacity building and trade facilitation initiatives in the Latin American and Caribbean Region, including the Authorized Economic Operator program. She works closely with senior customs officials, international technical organizations, including the WCO, and other bilateral and multilateral customs experts in the donor community, including the IMF and WB. Before joining the IDB, Sandra was a technical advisor to the Economic and Commercial Counselor in the Embassy of Spain in Washington DC, and project coordinator for the consulting firm European Development Projects in Brussels, Belgium. She holds a Master Degree in Public Administration from Katholiek Universiteit in Leuven, Belgium, and a Master in Political Science from the Complutense University in Madrid, Spain. 3

4 Sergio Díaz-Granados Executive Director for Colombia and Ecuador at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). He served as Minister of Commerce, Industry and Tourism of Colombia in President Juan Manuel Santos Administration. As Minister, he headed the trade negotiations leading to the establishment of the Pacific Alliance. He also launched bilateral trade negotiations with South Korea, Japan, Israel, Costa Rica, Panama and the European Union. He has served on the Boards of BANCOLDEX, ProColombia, the National Tourism Fund and Marca País, Colombia s national branding initiative, among others. Before joining the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism, Díaz-Granados served as President of ANATO, the Association of Travel Agencies and Tourism, as Deputy Minister of Enterprise Development, and as a member of the House of Representatives of Colombia. In 2013, he was selected as a national leader by the newspaper El Espectador. Sylvia Dohnert Dr. Sylvia Dohnert is a Private Sector Lead Specialist at the Competitiveness, Technology and Innovation Division of the Inter-American Development Bank, and Compete Caribbean Executive Director from November Sylvia has a Ph.D. in Economic Development and Regional Planning from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and ample experience on economic development issues throughout the Latin American and Caribbean region. Specializing in designing and implementing government policy and/or projects that will support private sector development, and particularly interested in how to stimulate local firms' competitiveness in the global economy, she has researched and/or worked on development projects in Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela, and the CARIFORUM region. Her interests include government economic development policy, global supply chains, clusters and SME development. During her time at Compete Caribbean, the program has gained a solid reputation of delivering catalytic technical assistance to both governments and firms in the region to stimulate private sector development, productivity and innovation. Prior to joining the IDB, Sylvia created an economic development agency within Venezuela s third largest municipality, Sucre. The programs that she developed with the private sector in the areas of employment generation, market development and SME support benefitted more than 10,000 Venezuelans and are still in place today. Sylvia is based in Bridgetown, Barbados. Antonio García Zaballos Lead Specialist on telecommunications in the Competitiveness and Innovation Division of the Inter- American Development Bank. He has more than 14 years of experience in the telecom sector where has been working in different positions in different companies. At Deloitte Spain he led the practice of regulation and strategy, and previously he was the Head of the Cabinet for Economic 4

5 Studies of Regulation in Telefónica of Spain, and also was Deputy Director of Economic Analysis and Markets at the Spanish Telecom Regulator (CMT). He holds a PhD in Economics from the University Carlos III of Madrid and is an associated professor of applied finance to Telecommunications at the Instituto de Empresa Business School. He is author of several publications on economic and regulatory matters for the sector of telecommunications. Jeremy Harris Jeremy has worked at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) for 20 years, serving as an Economist and Integration and Trade Sector Specialist at the IDB since He has participated in supporting several trade negotiation processes within Latin America, including the FTAA and the DR-CAFTA, with an emphasis on rules of origin and market access. He also has helped to design and develop several databases and information systems focused on market access, and has written on preferential trade agreements and their systemic effects on regional and global trade. Previously, he worked as a consultant for the UN-ECLAC, the CARICOM Secretariat, the U.K. s Department for International Development (DFID), and the German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ). He holds a PhD in Economics from the University of Maryland. Bernard Hoekman Professor and Director of Global Economics in the Global Governance Programme of the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies of the European University Institute in Florence in Italy. Before, he was Director of the International Trade Department and Research Manager in the Development Research Group of the World Bank and economist in the GATT Secretariat. A graduate of the Erasmus University Rotterdam, he obtained his Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Michigan. His research focuses on international trade, development and the governance of the global trading system. He is a CEPR Research Fellow, co-director of the CEPR Trade Policy Research Network, and a Senior Associate of the Economic Research Forum for the Arab countries, Turkey and Iran. Gustavo Idígoras Director of Center of Studies for Agri-food Sector, National University of Lomas de Zamora, publishing several studies on food supply, private standards, international market access, biotechnology, food safety and markets and others topics. Director of Business Issue Management, working for different chambers and companies related to food business and biofuels. He is also an International Consultant working for WTO, IDB and FAO on SPS, and agriculture trade including sustainability. He has recently launched a new company called GIROBIZ. He previously served as 5

6 Minister Agricultural Counsellor of Argentina at Brussels (European Commission and Member States including representation of the country at OECD, FAO, and Grain International Council). Before that he was Director of the Agricultural Market National Department of the Ministry of Agriculture in Argentina for several years with responsibilities on bilateral market access negotiations, MERCOSUR, WTO and other foras. He has various publications on issues of global trade in food. Mauricio Mesquita Moreira Principal Economic Advisor of the Integration and Trade Sector at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). He received a Ph.D. in Economics from the University College London. He is the lead author of, among other studies, Too Far to Export: Domestic Transport Costs and Regional Export Disparities in Latin America (IDB, 2013); Shaping the Future of Asia and Latin America Relations (IDB and ADB, 2012); India: Latin America s Next Big Thing? (IDB, 2010); and Unclogging the Arteries: A Report on the Impact of Transport Costs on Latin American Trade (IDB and Harvard University Press, 2008). Previously, Mesquita held a position at the Research Department of the Development Bank of Brazil (BNDES), and taught at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. Fernando Ocampo Fernando Ocampo earned his Law degree and a postgraduate degree in Public Law from the University of Costa Rica. He also earned a Master s Degree in Politics of the World Economy from the London School of Economics and has studied at the Centre for Trade Policy and Law (CTPL) in Ottawa, the World Trade Institute (WTI) in Bern, and other academic institutions. An international consultant on foreign trade and economic integration, he has lectured and published extensively on these issues. From May 2010 to May 2014, Mr. Ocampo served as Vice Minister of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica. He led the negotiations of different trade agreements: Caricom, China, Singapore, Mexico, Peru and Colombia; and also was Deputy Head of Negotiations for Commercial Affairs in the Association Agreement with the European Union and Market Access Coordinator in the DR- CAFTA.Fernando Ocampo is currently working as Dean at LEAD UNIVERSITY, a business and international trade-oriented University In Costa Rica. Fabrizio Opertti Fabrizio is Chief of the Trade and Investment Division of the Integration and Trade Sector at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). He also directs the IDB s initiatives in the services globalization sector, having led the preparation of services export promotion strategies in 6

7 Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Jamaica, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, and Uruguay. Fabrizio holds an MBA from Johns Hopkins School of Business, a Master in Science in Foreign Service from Georgetown University s School of Foreign Service and Bachelor of Arts in International Political Economy from American University. Antonio Ortiz-Mena Senior Advisor at Albright Stonebridge Group, where he provides strategic counsel and assistance to clients across Latin America. Before, Ortiz-Mena served for over eight years as the head of economic affairs at the Embassy of Mexico in the United States, where he served as the embassy liaison with the IMF, the World Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), as well as the G20 and the Mexico-U.S. High-level Economic Dialogue. Ortiz-Mena was professor of international political economy at CIDE, the Center for Research and Teaching in Economics in Mexico City. Ortiz-Mena began his career in the Mexican government, where he held multiple Senior Advisory roles in the NAFTA Negotiation Office of the Ministry of Trade and Industrial Development; the Budget and Programming Ministry, and the Ministry of Fisheries. Ortiz-Mena received a Ph.D. in political science, with a focus on international political economy, from the University of California in San Diego, and a M.A. in Latin American Studies from the University of London. Carolyn Robert Lead Specialist in Integration and Trade at IDB. She focuses in analytical, technical and operational work on issues related to trade policy, negotiation and implementation of trade agreements and foreign investment, and trade facilitation. She is also in charge of the technical coordination of the support provided by IDB to various regional integration processes, including the Pacific Alliance, and others such as the FTAA negotiations. She also coordinates strategic alliances with other international organizations such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) on trade activities. She has a PhD (c) in International Economic Law from the Sorbonne University in Paris and authored several publications on trade and regional integration. Miguel Rodríguez Mendoza Senior Associate at WTI Advisors, a Geneva-based consultancy firm specializing in trade policy and law. He served as Deputy-Director General of the World Trade Organization (WTO) from 1999 to Between late 2002 and the end of 2004, he led the Geneva office of Van Bael & Bellis, an international law firm based in Brussels. During the 1990s, he was Minister of State in Venezuela, 7

8 with responsibility for trade policy. He has wide experience in dealing with international trade disputes between WTO members, and has been appointed as panelist on several occasions. Kati Suominen Founder and CEO of an international trade research firm Nextrade Group, LLC and TradeUp Capital Fund, a digital financing platform for globalizing, export-driven companies. She is also Adjunct Professor at UCLA Anderson School of Management and Adjunct Fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), a leading Washington, D.C. think-tank. She has expertise in international trade, trade and development, digitization, and finance, and has published nine books, five of which are about regional trade agreements. She previously served as Fellow at the German Marshall Fund ( ) and Trade Economist at the Inter-American Development Bank ( ). She has collaborated in media such as the Wall Street Journal, Bloomberg, BBC, C-SPAN, CNN, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, AFP, Politico, USA Today, Time, US News and World Report, Global Journal and Los Angeles Business Journal. She is a life member of the Council on Foreign Relations and American Assembly s Next Generation Fellow. Mario Umaña Lead Trade and Competition Specialist of the Integration and Trade Sector at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) in Washington, D.C. since He coordinates the work of the Bank in Integration and Trade in the Caribbean, and he leads the technical support for all Latin America and the Caribbean in Competition Policy. He has Doctoral (SJD) degree and a Masters in Law from Georgetown University Law Center, where he also teaches as Adjunct Professor since Mr. Umana has also worked for INCAE Business School in Central America, for the Government of Costa Rica and various universities, including Universidad de Costa Rica and ULACIT. Carmen Gisela Vergara Secretary General of the Secretariat for Economic Integration of Central America (SIECA) since 2013 named by the Council of Ministers of Economic Integration of Central America. Panamanian by birth, she is the second woman to hold the post. She has served her country from a wide range of positions, most notably as Minister of Trade and Industry, Deputy Minister of Foreign Trade Director for Panama to the Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE), Manager of Business Incubator Panama and Deputy Director of PRO-PANAMA. She is a lawyer with a Masters in International Private Law, Banking and Finance, and has postgraduate studies in international trade negotiations. 8

9 Christian Volpe Martincus Christian Volpe Martincus is Lead Economist at the Integration and Trade Sector (INT) of the Inter- American Development Bank (IDB). Christian has expertise in international trade, regional integration, and economic geography. He previously worked for the Ministry of the Economy of the Province of Buenos Aires and was advisor at the MERCOSUR Commission of the National Representatives Chamber in Argentina. In addition, he was researcher at the Center for European Integration Studies in Bonn, Germany. At the IDB Christian has been working on the role of export promotion in shaping countries export diversification profiles, the effect of transport costs on trade flows, the impact of integration on specialization patterns, the effect of certifications on firms export performance, the interplay between innovation and exports, and has recently led an innovative project aimed at assessing the impacts of several trade facilitation policies on firms and their countries trade outcomes. Christian holds a PhD in Economics from the University of Bonn and a Master in Economics from the National University of La Plata (Argentina). 2 PROJECT TEAM INTEGRATION AND TRADE SECTOR (INT) INTER-AMERICAN INSTITUTE FOR ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT (INDES) COURSE MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION PRIMARY AUTHOR OF THE ORIGINAL MATERIAL FACILITATORS - Antoni Estevadeordal, Manager, Integration and Trade Sector, IDB - Juan Cristóbal Bonnefoy, INDES Chief, IDB - Joaquim Tres, Integration and Trade Principal Specialist, IDB - Matthew Shearer, Integration and Trade Senior Specialist, IDB - Edgar González, INDES Lead Specialist and IDBx Program Coordinator - Kati Suominen, Founder and Director of Nextrade Group and Trade Up Capital Fund - Gastón Fernández, Chief, OECD Department, General Directorate for International Economic Relations, Chile - Soledad Leal, Consultant to the Integration and Trade Sector, IDB - Fernando Ocampo, Dean, Lead University of Costa Rica 9

10 COLLABORATORS IDBx PROGRAM TEAM RECORDING, GRAPHIC DESIGN AND EDITING SPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT - Paulo Barbieri, Integration and Trade Sector Consultant, IDB - Luciana García, Integration and Trade Specialist, IDB - Jeremy Harris, Integration and Trade Specialist, IDB - Monica Maday, Integration and Trade Sector Consultant, IDB - Julia Muir, Integration and Trade Sector Consultant, IDB - Mariela Munguia, Integration and Trade Sector Consultant, IDB - Vanessa Jaklitsch, Integration and Trade Sector Consultant, IDB - Camila Viegas, Integration and Trade Sector Consultant, IDB - Carlos Gerardo Molina, Knowledge and Learning Sector Lead Specialist, IDB - Carlos Gamboa, INDES Consultant - Alejandra Avila, INDES Consultant - Astrid Garcia, INDES Consultant - Evelyn Rodriguez, INDES Consultant - Miriam Campos, INDES Consultant - Margarita Mier, INDES Consultant - PZ Video Productions, video production - Guacamaya Studio SAS, video edition - Estilo & Redacción S.A.C., video transcriptions - Manthra Comunicación, Modules design The preparation of this course was financed by the Integration Fund, through support from Canada, Colombia, Spain, United States and Mexico. 10