Black Oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) Statewide Reproductive Performance in. California in
|
|
- Earl Thornton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Black Oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) Statewide Reproductive Performance in California in A. Laurie Harvey 1, Anna Weinstein 2, Katherine Krieger 2 and Liling Lee 2 1 Sutil Conservation Ecology, 30 Buena Vista Avenue, Fairfax, CA USA 2 Audubon California, 220 Montgomery Street, Suite 1000, San Francisco, CA USA FINAL REPORT Prepared for Audubon California 12 October 2017 Suggested citation: Harvey, A.L., A. Weinstein, K. Krieger, and L. Lee Black Oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) statewide reproductive performance in California in Unpublished report submitted to Audubon California by Sutil Conservation Ecology. 66 pp. Cover photo courtesy of H. Ceja.
2 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION... 6 METHODS... 7 RESULTS... 8 Overview of the monitoring effort... 8 Table 1. Total linear kilometers of coastline surveyed in the six Black Oystercatcher monitoring regions in Figure 1. Overview map of Black Oystercatcher regional monitoring areas in California, Table 2. Survey effort as number of observers and survey hours in the six Black Oystercatcher monitoring regions, Black Oystercatcher reproductive performance, Table 3. Sample sizes for Black Oystercatcher nest success calculations in (total number of nest attempts, including replacement clutches) Table 4. Black Oystercatcher nest success, , expressed as the percentage of nest attempts that fledged at least one chick Figure 2. Black Oystercatcher nest success (percentage of attempts that fledged at least one chick) in the six regional monitoring areas, Table 5. Sample sizes used for Black Oystercatcher fledging success calculations (number of pairs with known outcomes) in Table 6. Fledging Success expressed as total number of Black Oystercatcher chicks fledged per pair in Figure 3. Black Oystercatcher fledging success at the six monitoring areas in Figure 4. Within-year comparisons of regional Black Oystercatcher average fledging success in REGIONAL RESULTS Mendocino County Table 7. Total linear kilometers of coastline surveyed in the Mendocino County Black Oystercatcher monitoring region in Table 8. Sample sizes (individual pairs with known fates) for Black Oystercatcher fledging success calculations in the Mendocino monitoring area, Table 9. Black Oystercatcher fledging success (young fledged/pair) in the Mendocino monitoring area, Figure 5. Black Oystercatcher fledging success from thirteen areas in Mendocino County, Figure 6. Black Oystercatcher mean fledging success in Mendocino County in Page 2 of 30
3 San Luis Obispo County (SLO) Table 11. Sample sizes (individual pairs with known fates) for fledging success calculations in San Luis Obispo County Monitoring Area Table 12. Black Oystercatcher productivity (young fledged/pair) in San Luis Obispo County Monitoring Area, Figure 7. Black Oystercatcher fledging success from seven areas in San Luis Obispo County, Sonoma County Figure 8. Black Oystercatcher mean fledging success in the Sonoma County monitoring area in Monterey County Table 13. Total linear kilometers surveyed in the Monterey County monitoring locations in San Mateo County San Francisco Bay Area Table 14. Total linear kilometers surveyed in the San Francisco Bay area Black Oystercatcher monitoring locations in Table 15. Sample sizes (individual pairs with known fates) for fledging success calculations in San Francisco Bay Area Black Oystercatcher monitoring area in Table 16. Black Oystercatcher productivity (young fledged/pair) in San Francisco Bay Area monitoring areas, DISCUSSION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS LITERATURE CITED APPENDIX I. Overview map of California counties in which monitoring for Black Oystercatcher reproductive success occurred in APPENDIX II. Black Oystercatcher monitoring areas and individual nest sites located in in Mendocino County Figure 1. Overview map of Mendocino County monitoring areas in Figure 2. Locations of individual nests in the Laguna Point (LP) and Glass Beach (GB) monitoring areas in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 3. Locations of individual nests in the GP Mill (GP) and Noyo Harbor (NO) monitoring areas in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4. Locations of individual nests in the Point Cabrillo (PC) monitoring area in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Page 3 of 30
4 Figure 5. Locations of individual nests in the Russian Gulch (RG) monitoring area in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 6. Locations of individual nests in the Mendocino Headlands (MH) monitoring area in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 7. Locations of individual nests in the Spring Ranch (SR), and Little River (LR) monitoring areas in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 8. Locations of individual nests in the Navarro Point (NP) monitoring areas in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 9. Overview map of Mendocino County monitoring areas in Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 10. Locations of individual nests in the Hardy Rock monitoring area in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 11. Locations of individual nests in the Laguna Point (LP) and Glass Beach (GB) monitoring areas in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 12. Locations of individual nests in the Point Cabrillo (PC) monitoring area in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 13. Locations of individual nests in the Russian Gulch (RG) monitoring area in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 14. Locations of individual nests in Mendocino Headlands (MH) and Mendocino Bay (MBO) monitoring areas in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 15. Locations of individual nests in Spring Ranch (SR), and Little River Headlands (LRH) monitoring areas in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 16. Locations of individual nests in the Navarro Point (NP) monitoring area in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 17. Overview map of Mendocino County monitoring areas in Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 18. Locations of individual nests in the Ten Mile (TM) monitoring area in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 19. Locations of individual nests in the Laguna Point (NP) and Glass Beach (GB) monitoring areas in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 20. Locations of individual nests in the Point Cabrillo (PC) monitoring area in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 21. Locations of individual nests in the Russian Gulch (RG) monitoring area in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 22. Locations of individual nests in the Mendocino Headlands (MH) and Mendocino Bay Overlook (MO) monitoring areas in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Page 4 of 30
5 Figure 23. Locations of individual nests in the Spring Ranch (SR) and Little River Headlands (LH) monitoring areas in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 24. Locations of individual nests in the Navarro Point (NP) monitoring area in Mendocino County, Error! Bookmark not defined. APPENDIX III. Black Oystercatcher monitoring area and individual nest sites located in in Sonoma County... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 1. Locations of individual nests in the Sea Ranch monitoring area in Sonoma County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 2. Locations of individual nests in the Sea Ranch monitoring area in Sonoma County, Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 3. Locations of individual nests in the Sea Ranch monitoring area in Sonoma County, Error! Bookmark not defined. APPENDIX IV. Black Oystercatcher monitoring locations and individual nest sites located in in the San Francisco Bay Area.... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 1. Overview map of San Francisco Bay Area monitoring locales in Note that not all locations were surveyed in each year (see below)... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 2. Location of single nest at the Alameda monitoring location, San Francisco Bay Area, in 2012 and No nesting occurred in Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 3. Location of single nest at Alcatraz Island monitoring location, San Francisco Bay Area, in Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4. Location of single nest at Alcatraz Island, San Francisco Bay Area, in Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 5. Location of individual nests monitored at Alcatraz Island, San Francisco Bay Area, in Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 6. Location of single nest at Marin Headlands, Point Bonita, San Francisco Bay Area in 2012, 2013, and 2014 (same location each year).... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 7. Location of individual nests at East and West Marin Islands (EMI and WMI, respectively), San Francisco Bay Area in Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 8. Location of individual nests at East and West Marin Islands (EMI and WMI, respectively); San Francisco Bay Area, in No monitoring occurred at this locale in Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 9. Location of the single active nest at the Richardson Bay (Aramburu Island) monitoring area in 2013 and No nesting occurred at this locale in Error! Bookmark not defined. APPENDIX V. Black Oystercatcher monitoring areas and individual nest sites located in in San Mateo County.... Error! Bookmark not defined. Page 5 of 30
6 Figure 1. Location of the active nests at the Pescadero Rock monitoring area in San Mateo County in 2014 (Ceja and Hanks 2014). No monitoring occurred at this locale in 2012 or Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 2. Location of the active monitored nests at the Año Nuevo Island monitoring (Carle et al. 2014).... Error! Bookmark not defined. INTRODUCTION The Black Oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani, BLOY) nests from the Aleutian Islands south to Baja California, Mexico (Andres and Falxa 1995). A long-lived, monogamous shorebird, BLOY are territorial during the nesting season. Breeding habitat is located on marine shorelines in close proximity to foraging areas in the intertidal zone. The most recent population estimate for BLOY indicated a global population of 10,000 individuals; however, a large degree of uncertainty exists due to the lack of systematic surveys for the species (Morrison et al. 2006, Andres et al. 2012, Tessler et al. 2014). The majority (ca. 80%) of the breeding population was believed to occur in the northern portion of the range (Alaska and British Columbia; Tessler et al. 2014). The first dedicated statewide survey to estimate the BLOY breeding population in California was conducted in 2011 (Weinstein et al. 2014). Results of that study indicated the statewide population at 4,749-6,067 individuals, a much greater number than previously estimated during the course of other seabird studies (888 individuals reported in Carter et al. 1992). Though the 2011 study sampled only a portion (approximately 19%) of California marine coastlines, the survey methodology allows for repeated sampling in future. Importantly, the results of the 2011 survey indicate that California hosts a much higher abundance, and therefore proportion of the breeding population, than previously suspected. Following the California population estimate completed in 2011, a citizen science nest monitoring program was initiated in 2012 by Audubon California. Major goals of this statewide program are to (1) better understand the demographics of BLOY in California by collecting reproductive data using standardized methodology for a minimum of five contiguous years; (2) conduct a population viability analysis; (3) increase public awareness of BLOY and their habitats by incorporating outreach and education into the monitoring efforts; (4) utilize the five year data set to advance conservation of BLOY and their habitats, and (5) examine the utility of BLOY Page 6 of 30
7 reproductive parameters in modeling exercises addressing effects of climate change on rocky intertidal communities in California. In this report we compiled data, calculated summary statistics, and provided details of monitoring areas from the Black Oystercatcher breeding seasons for use in future analysis and modeling projects. METHODS Monitoring methodology. The citizen science nest monitoring effort was led by regional coordinators who organized surveys, provided training, and compiled data sheets. Nesting surveys were conducted using binoculars or spotting scopes from land or boat observation points. Surveys were conducted at least every seven days; in some locations, more frequent (up to daily) observations of selected nests were made. Nesting stage was recorded by identifying the presence or absence of adults, eggs, and chicks. Annual data were submitted to Audubon California via annual reports and/or raw data sheets. Geographic data. Nest locations were recorded by observers using either handheld GPS units or hard copies of area maps and subsequently incorporated into database. Point counts of single nests were assigned a total linear survey distance of 100 meters. To determine contiguous linear survey distances of monitoring areas which were surveyed as transects, we traced coastline imagery using ArcGIS 10.1 (California Department of Fish and Wildlife). Parameter definitions. We reported reproductive parameters as follows: Active nest: nest site with egg laying documented or inferred by incubation posture on more than one nest visit (i.e., at least two weeks). Potential nests are not reported herein. Nest attempt: Single clutch as evidenced by direct observation of eggs or chicks or by confirmation of incubation at the nest site; note that multiple nest attempts may be made by individual pairs. Nest success: at least one chick did or did not fledge per nest attempt. We do not distinguish between re-nests herein; the sample size for total nest attempts is therefore higher than that for total nesting pairs. Page 7 of 30
8 Fledging success: Total number of chicks fledged per pair. Fledging was determined either by direct observation or inferred at 38 days post-hatch (Andres and Falxa 1995). Since most pairs monitored in the study area were not banded, there is an unknown degree of variability when documenting whether sequential nest attempts which occurred in (or in close proximity to) nest attempts that previously failed were made by the same or by different pairs. Generally, in the absence of documented territorial disputes, new clutches that are initiated at or very near to a previous failed attempt were assigned as relay attempts by the same pair (i.e. replacement clutches). Phenology: Because phenology information was not available in standardized format from all areas in , we do not report estimated clutch initiation, hatch, and fledging dates. These data will be available from the 2015 season, and selected information may be incorporated from in future reports for comparative purposes. RESULTS Overview of the monitoring effort. Nest monitoring was conducted in six main regions in : Mendocino County, Sonoma County, SF Bay area, San Mateo County, Monterey County, and San Luis Obispo County (Figure 1). Total linear survey distances varied among years and locations; an estimated 48 km were surveyed in both 2012 and 2013; survey effort increased to include 80 km of coastline in 2014 (Table 1). Survey effort varied considerably among the six monitoring regions. The total number of surveyors per region ranged from 51 to 66 per year; total survey hours (h) increased annually from 704 h in 2012 to 2,566 h in 2014 (Table 2). Table 1. Total linear kilometers of coastline surveyed in the six Black Oystercatcher monitoring regions in Survey Region Mendocino County Sonoma County San Francisco Bay Area Page 8 of 30
9 San Mateo County Monterey County nd San Luis Obispo County Totals Page 9 of 30
10 Figure 1. Overview map of Black Oystercatcher regional monitoring areas in California, Table 2. Survey effort as number of observers and survey hours in the six Black Oystercatcher monitoring regions, Total Observers Total Survey Hours Area Mendocino County Sonoma County San Francisco Bay Area San Luis Obispo County Monterey County nd 250 1,255 Totals ,315 2,566 1 Año Nuevo monitoring effort is not included herein. Black Oystercatcher reproductive performance, In total, 299 nest attempts (including replacement clutches) with known outcomes from 280 pairs were monitored from (Table 3). Sample sizes were similar in 2012 and 2013 (88 and 87 nest attempts, respectively) but increased in 2014 by more than 40% to 124 nest attempts. This increase was primarily due to changes in monitoring effort; see individual area results, below, for details. Nest success in the general regions (the percentage of nest attempts, including replacement clutches, which fledged at least one chick) ranged from 0% to 86% from 2012 to 2014 (Table 4, Figure 2). Overall nest success was similar among years, ranging from 25% to 33%. Table 3. Sample sizes for Black Oystercatcher nest success calculations in (total number of nest attempts, including replacement clutches). Area Total Page 10 of 30
11 Mendocino Monterey San Luis Obispo San Mateo Sonoma SF Bay Area Total (n) Table 4. Black Oystercatcher nest success, , expressed as the percentage of nest attempts that fledged at least one chick. Area Total Mendocino 36% 25% 27% 29% Monterey 21% 40% 25% 24% San Luis Obispo 8% 13% 19% 15% San Mateo 0% 50% 86% 50% Sonoma 56% 27% 53% 44% SF Bay Area 22% 29% 60% 33% Total Succeeded 28% 25% 33% 29% Fledging success (FS) during the three year monitoring effort from all areas combined ranged from zero to 1.14 chicks per pair (Tables 5, 6; Figure 3). Fledging success in 2012 was 0.47 chicks fledged per pair (range: zero to 0.89). In 2013, overall FS decreased slightly to 0.41 (range: 0.13 to 0.60). Interestingly, FS was reduced at all areas in 2013 in comparison to 2012 with the exception of Monterey and San Mateo areas. However, monitoring in Monterey was reduced from 24 pairs in 2012 to 5 pairs in 2013 (see individual monitoring area results, below). In 2014, overall FS was 0.48 (range: 0.26 to 1.14). The comparatively high success (1.14) observed in San Mateo County was influenced by the addition of a new monitoring site (FS=1.40 at Pescadero Rock), although the sample size was small at 5 pairs. In total, the three years of monitoring documented 128 fledged chicks from the six monitoring regions. Page 11 of 30
12 Preliminary comparisons among areas indicated no significant differences in mean fledging rates within monitoring years in 2012 or 2013, although fledging rates in Sonoma County in 2012 were higher than in other areas (p>0.01, Figure 4). However, we observed a greater degree of variability in 2014: Mendocino, Monterey, and San Luis Obispo monitoring areas showed similar reproductive success levels, which were significantly lower than those observed in the SF Bay area, San Mateo, and Sonoma County monitoring areas (p<0.01). More work is needed to determine appropriate levels of comparisons among years using a longer time series with standardized sample sizes. Interannual comparisons of fledging success rates within each area are discussed below. Figure 2. Black Oystercatcher nest success (percentage of attempts that fledged at least one chick) in the six regional monitoring areas, Table 5. Sample sizes used for Black Oystercatcher fledging success calculations (number of pairs with known outcomes) in Area Grand Total Page 12 of 30
13 Mendocino Monterey San Luis Obispo San Mateo Sonoma SF Bay Area Total Table 6. Fledging Success expressed as total number of Black Oystercatcher chicks fledged per pair in Area Total Mendocino Monterey San Luis Obispo San Mateo Sonoma SF Bay Area Total Page 13 of 30
14 Figure 3. Black Oystercatcher fledging success at the six monitoring areas in Page 14 of 30
15 Figure 4. Within-year comparisons of regional Black Oystercatcher average fledging success in REGIONAL RESULTS. Mendocino County. Thirteen areas in Mendocino County were monitored in , seven of which were monitored each year (Osello 2012, 2013, 2014). Seven of the monitoring areas in Mendocino County are located in California State Parks land: Laguna Point (LP) and Glass Beach (GB) fall within the MacKerricher State Park boundary, Little River Headlands (LR) and Spring Ranch (SR) are located in the Van Damme State Park, and monitoring occurs in the Russian Gulch (RG), Point Cabrillo (PC), and Mendocino Headlands State Park (MH). Five of these areas also have State Marine Conservation Area (SMCA) designations (MacKerricher, Van Damme, and Russian Gulch State Parks). Point Cabrillo State Park and Ten Mile State Reserve (TM) are further designated as State Marine Reserves (SMR). The Noyo Headlands ([NO], formerly GP Mill monitoring location is managed by the City of Fort Bragg; the Mendocino Bay Overlook (MO) site is managed by Mendocino County, and the Navarro Point Preserve (NP) is managed by the Mendocino Land Trust. While the State Park, State Marine Reserve, and State Marine Conservation Area designations each confer a specific suite of protections, all areas with the exception of the Ten Mile State Marine Reserve are open to the public for, at a minimum, recreation activities. See for information about levels of protection at each area in the Mendocino monitoring complex. The monitoring effort in Mendocino County represents the largest geographic area and nest density of the six regions discussed in this report. The total length of coastline surveyed in Mendocino ranged from low of 19.7 km in 2013 to high of 30.7 km in 2014 (Table 7). A total of 162 nest attempts (including replacement clutches) from 154 pairs were documented in Mendocino County from (Table 8). Just 38 of the 162 nest attempts (28%) ultimately succeeded with at least one chick fledged. Excluding nests with unknown fledging outcomes, the total sample size for the three year period was 139 attempts, including 8 second attempts among 131 pairs. Page 15 of 30
16 Annual fledging success in the region was 0.59 in 2012 (n=32 pairs), 0.39 in 2013 (n=44 pairs), and 0.36 in 2013 (n=55 pairs; Table 9, Figure 5). A total of 55 fledged BLOY were observed in , resulting in a mean three year productivity of 0.44 young fledged per pair (n=131 pairs, SD=0.13). In 2012, ten areas in Mendocino County were monitored: GB, GP, NO, LP, LR, MH, NP, PC, RG, and SR. There were 43 nest attempts identified from all areas, including 1 replacement clutch. Sample size for fledging calculations was 32 pairs; 19 chicks fledged (FS = 0.59; n=32). The total length of coastline surveyed in 2012 was 21.3 km. In 2013, ten areas in Mendocino County were monitored: GB, HR, LP, LR, MH, MO, NP, PC, RG, and SR A total of 53 nest attempts were identified, including 3 replacement clutches. Sample size for fledging calculations was 44 pairs; 17 chicks fledged (one from a replacement clutch) with ultimate FS = 0.39 (n=44 pairs). A total of 19.7 km of coastline was surveyed in In 2014, ten areas Mendocino County were monitored: GB, LP, LR, MH, MO, NP, PC, RG, SR, and TM. A total of 66 nest attempts were identified, including 3 replacement clutches. Sample size for fledging calculations was 55 pairs. A total of 19 chicks fledged (1 from a replacement clutch) for an overall fledging rate 0.35 FS (n=55 pairs). While fledging success decreased in each of the three monitoring years, there was no significant difference in fledging rates in this small time series (p>0.01, Figure 6). A total of 30.7 km of coastline was surveyed in Table 7. Total linear kilometers of coastline surveyed in the Mendocino County Black Oystercatcher monitoring region in Monitoring Locale Glass Beach (GB) GP Mill/Noyo Harbor (GP/ NO) Hardy Rock (HR) Laguna Point (LP) Little River Headlands (LR) Mendocino Bay Overlook (MO) Mendocino Headlands (MH) Navarro Point (NP) Page 16 of 30
17 Point Cabrillo (PC) Russian Gulch (RG Spring Ranch (SR) Ten Mile (TM) Total km surveyed Table 8. Sample sizes (individual pairs with known fates) for Black Oystercatcher fledging success calculations in the Mendocino monitoring area, Area Total Glass Beach GP Mill Hardy Rock Laguna Point Little River Headlands Mendocino Bay Overlook Mendocino Headlands Navarro Point Noyo Harbor Point Cabrillo Russian Gulch Spring Ranch Ten Mile Total Pairs Page 17 of 30
18 Young Fledged per Pair Table 9. Black Oystercatcher fledging success (young fledged/pair) in the Mendocino monitoring area, Area Total Glass Beach GP Mill 0.00 nd nd 0.00 Hardy Rock nd 0.00 nd 0.00 Laguna Point nd 0.33 Little River Headlands Mendocino Bay Overlook nd Mendocino Headlands Navarro Point Noyo Harbor nd nd nd nd Point Cabrillo Russian Gulch Spring Ranch Ten Mile nd nd Total Monitoring Area Figure 5. Black Oystercatcher fledging success from thirteen areas in Mendocino County, Page 18 of 30
19 1.0 Mean Fledging Success Year Figure 6. Black Oystercatcher mean fledging success in Mendocino County in San Luis Obispo County (SLO). A total of seven areas were monitored in San Luis Obispo County in (J. Isaacs unpubl. data). Three areas were monitored annually (Avila Beach, Cayucos, and Estero Bluffs). Offshore rocks in all three areas are managed by BLM, with additional management by City of Avila Beach and County of San Luis Obispo (Avila Beach), City of Cayucos, and California State Parks (Estero Bluffs). The four additional survey areas were managed by City of Morro Bay (Morro Bay), California State Parks (Montana de Oro), City of Pismo Beach (Pismo), and PG&E (Buchon Trail). Total survey lengths were 4.9, 4.3, and 6.6 km in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively (Table 10). Table 10. Total linear kilometers surveyed in the San Luis Obispo County Black Oystercatcher monitoring region, Locale Avila Beach Buchon Trail Cayucos Estero Bluffs Montana de Oro Morro Bay Shell Beach Total km surveyed Page 19 of 30
20 Sample sizes in each area ranged from one to 12 pairs; the Estero Bluffs area had the largest sample size in each year (3-12 pairs; Table 11). Annual nest success increased in each monitoring year: 8%, 13%, and 19% in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively (Table 4). The threeyear mean fledging rate from all combined areas was 0.22 young fledged per pair (n=42 pairs; SD=0.83; Table 12). Annual reports were not produced for SLO in ; data for this report were extracted from field data sheets (J. Isaacs unpubl. data). Three areas were monitored in SLO in 2012: Avila Beach, Estero Bluffs, and Cayucos. Eleven pairs made 12 nest attempts, just one of which succeeded with 3 fledged chicks. Overall fledging rate was 0.27 (n=12 pairs; Figure 7). Four areas were monitored in 2013 (Avila Beach, Estero Bluffs, Cayucos, and Montana de Oro); 9 active nests; zero re-lay attempts; one chick fledged for FS = 0.11 (n=9 pairs). In 2014, seven areas were monitored in SLO (Avila Beach, Buchon Trail, Estero Bluffs, Cayucos, Morro Bay (North Jetty), Montana de Oro, and Shell Beach); 19 pairs made 21 nest attempts (2 pairs with a second attempt each). Five chicks fledged, all from first attempts, for FS=0.26 (n=19 pairs). Table 11. Sample sizes (individual pairs with known fates) for fledging success calculations in San Luis Obispo County Monitoring Area. Area Total Avila Beach Buchon Trail Cayucos Estero Bluffs Montana de Oro Morro Bay Shell Beach Grand Total Page 20 of 30
21 Table 12. Black Oystercatcher productivity (young fledged/pair) in San Luis Obispo County Monitoring Area, Area Total Avila Beach Buchon Trail nd nd Cayucos Estero Bluffs Montana de Oro nd Morro Bay nd nd Shell Beach nd nd Total Figure 7. Black Oystercatcher fledging success from seven areas in San Luis Obispo County, Sonoma County. The Sonoma County monitoring area is comprised of a single km continuous transect along the Sea Ranch residential community; this transect has been replicated in each monitoring year (D. Hichwa unpubl. data). All BLOY nests in the survey area are on offshore rocks (excepting a historic record of one nest on shore which was not active in Page 21 of 30
22 2014; D. Hichwa pers. comm.). The Sea Ranch is a privately owned homeowner s association. Private access is possible and public access is also allowed at several locations along the beaches, four of which have at least one nest on offshore rocks. Only one location (Shell Beach) with two nests seemed to have possible disturbance impacts due to people out on the rocks recreationally due to easy access from shore. At other locations, offshore rocks are inaccessible from the shore. Recreational use by kayakers at Shell Beach also has potential for disturbance, but most nests on offshore rocks appear to be in inaccessible cliff locations. Overall nest success in the Sea Ranch monitoring area was 44% (range 27% to 56%) in (Table 4). Nest success in 2013 was about 50% lower than that observed in both 2012 and Similarly, fledging success in 2013 was much reduced in comparison to 2012, and improved in 2014, although this variability was not statistically significant (p>0.01, Figure 8). In 2012, 14 nest attempts from 13 pairs were observed in the Sea Ranch monitoring area of Sonoma County. A total of 8 chicks fledged from known fate nests for FS = 0.89 (n=9) in In the following year (2013), a total of 17 nest attempts from 15 pairs (2 second attempts) were observed. Seven (7) chicks fledged, all from 1 st attempts, for a fledging success of 0.47 (n=15). In 2014, a total of 15 nest attempts (zero relays) Least were Squares documented; Means 10 chicks fledged for total FS 0.67 (n=15 pairs). Mean Fledging Success (Sonoma) Year Figure 8. Black Oystercatcher mean fledging success in the Sonoma County monitoring area in Page 22 of 30
23 Monterey County. Survey areas in Monterey County varied considerably among years. For 2012, we reported results from individual nests monitored, but were unable to reliably determine survey areas. The annual reports prepared for the 2013 and 2014 breeding seasons contain substantial information for these monitoring areas, including notes on disturbance reduction efforts and area characterizations are not further summarized herein (see Ceja et al. 2013, Ceja and Hanks 2013). In 2012, a total of 24 nest attempts by 22 pairs (2 relays) were monitored. A total of 6 chicks fledged, resulting in fledging success of Since monitoring areas changed substantially in subsequent years, we did not report linear survey distance for In 2013, only the Pacific Grove area was monitored (Ceja et al. 2013). A total of five active nests produced 3 chicks for FS=0.60. Total linear survey distance was 0.9 km (Table 13). In 2014, two areas were monitored in Monterey County: Monterey Peninsula and Point Lobos (20.5 km; Table 13; Ceja and Hanks 2014). A total of 20 nest attempts from 15 pairs (including 4 second attempts and one third attempt) produced 8 fledged young (7 from 1 st attempts and 1 from a 2 nd attempt). Fledging success in 2014 was 0.53 young per pair. Table 13. Total linear kilometers surveyed in the Monterey County monitoring locations in Locale Point Lobos No data Monterey Peninsula No data San Mateo County. Two locations were surveyed in San Mateo County in : Pescadero Rock and Año Nuevo Island (Appendix x). Año Nuevo Island is protected as part of the Año Nuevo State Reserve; extensive restoration has occurred at this location, and annual reproductive information for Black Oystercatchers was collected as part of the associated seabird studies there (Oikonos unpubl. data, Carle et al. 2014). Shoreline lengths for Año Nuevo and Pescadero Rock were estimated at 1.4 and 0.2 km, respectively. Page 23 of 30
24 Fledging success at Año Nuevo was zero in both 2012 and 2013 (n=1 and 4 nests, respectively; Carle et al. 2014); in 2014, 1 chick fledged from 2 pairs (FS=0.5). Pescadero Rock was monitored for the first time in 2014; a total of 7 chicks fledged from 5 pairs there (FS=1.40; Ceja and Hanks 2014). San Francisco Bay Area. A maximum of six monitoring locations were monitored in in the SF Bay area. Alcatraz Island is a popular tourist destination managed by the National Park Service (V. Seher pers. comm.). Aramburu Island is an artificial island in Richardson Bay constructed in the early 1960s; ongoing habitat restoration commenced there in 2010 ( Aramburu Island is protected and managed by Marin County Parks Department (K. Wilcox pers. comm). The Alameda monitoring location is a section of dock adjacent to the Ballena Bay Yacht Club; no formal protection is known to exist currently (V. Nelson, pers. comm.). The Point Bonita monitoring location is a small offshore rock in the small cove of the Marin Headlands and falls under the jurisdiction of the CCNM. East and West Marin Islands are located in the San Pablo Bay and are part of the Marin Islands National Wildlife Refuge managed by the USFWS. At all locations, the entire shoreline is surveyed either from land or boat observation points; annual shoreline lengths ranged from 3.1 to 5.2 in (Table 14.). Table 14. Total linear kilometers surveyed in the San Francisco Bay area Black Oystercatcher monitoring locations in Locale Alameda Alcatraz Island East Marin Island Point Bonita Richardson Bay West Marin Island Total A total of 22 nest attempts were documented on 6 islands or offshore rocks from in the SF Bay area. Three-year average fledging success from all areas combined was 0.64 young fledged per pair (SD=0.31, n=20 pairs; Tables 15,16). Page 24 of 30
25 Table 15. Sample sizes (individual pairs with known fates) for fledging success calculations in San Francisco Bay Area Black Oystercatcher monitoring area in Area Total Alameda 1 nd 1 2 Alcatraz Island East Marin Island 4 4 nd 8 Point Bonita Richardson Bay nd West Marin Island 1 nd nd 1 Grand Total Table 16. Black Oystercatcher productivity (young fledged/pair) in San Francisco Bay Area monitoring areas, Area Total Alameda 1.00 nd Alcatraz Island East Marin Island nd 0.13 Point Bonita Richardson Bay nd West Marin Island 0.00 nd nd 0.00 Total In 2012, five islands or offshore rocks were monitored in the SF Bay area in 2012: Alameda, Point Bonita Cove, Alcatraz Island, East Marin Island, and West Marin Island. Aramburu Island was not monitored in Four chicks fledged from 9 nest attempts (8 pairs), for an overall reproductive success of 0.50 chicks fledged per pair (n=8). At the Alameda location, One nest attempt was documented at the Alameda monitoring location in 2012 and produced one chick (FS = 1.00). One nest was monitored in Point Bonita Cove in 2012; the nest produced 3 chicks from one nesting attempt. One nest was monitored on Alcatraz Island in 2012, producing a total of zero chicks. A total of 4 nest attempts from 4 pairs were monitored on East Marin Island in 2012; all nests failed. A total of 2 nest attempts from one pair were monitored on East Marin Island in 2012, both of which failed. Five general areas were monitored in the SF Bay area in 2013; Combined fledging success was 0.43 from the 8 nests (n=7 nests with known fates; zero replacement clutches were documented). Page 25 of 30
26 There were no nest attempts at the Alameda monitoring location in One nest was monitored in Point Bonita Cove in 2013; the nest produced 2 chicks from one nesting attempt. One nest occurred on both Alcatraz and Aramburu Island in 2013; no young survived to fledge from either location. Five nests were monitored on the Marin Islands in 2013, with 1 chick ultimately fledged (FS=0.25, n=4 nests with known fates). Four areas were monitored in the SF Bay area in 2014; five nests, each with a single attempt, were documented producing a total of 5 chicks. No monitoring occurred on the Marin Islands in One nest was monitored in Alameda in 2014, producing zero chicks and no renesting attempts. One nest was monitored in Point Bonita Cove in 2014; the nest produced 3 chicks from one nesting attempt. Two nests with single attempts each were monitored on Alcatraz Island in 2014, producing a total of 1 chick. One chick fledged from a single nest attempt on Aramburu Island in DISCUSSION The Black Oystercatcher statewide reproductive monitoring program was initiated by Audubon California in 2011 and has been a successful example of citizen science advancing ecological knowledge. Information regarding BLOY reproduction in California was scarce prior to this program, and the monitoring effort in represented a new and rapidly evolving approach to determining basic reproductive parameters for BLOY in California. The statewide BLOY monitoring program was designed to provide a minimum of five contiguous years of standardized data collection. The current report provides summary survey results from the breeding seasons. Annual sample sizes ranged from 87 to 124 nest attempts along 48 to 80 linear kilometers of coastline surveyed between Mendocino County and San Luis Obispo County. Survey results were garnered using a dedicated corps of citizen scientists led by area biologists; annual effort increased from about 700 survey hours in 2012 to over 2,500 hours in Annual nest success for all areas combined was 28% in 2012, 26% in 2013, and 33% in Fledging success ranged from a low of 0.41 chicks per pair in 2013 to a high of 0.48 chicks per pair in Page 26 of 30
27 Sample sizes, survey areas, and reproductive success varied considerably among monitoring areas. We did not attempt to define trends with the limited data herein; future analyses of the full time series will incorporate post-hoc standardization strategies prior to statistical analyses. Beginning in 2015, we modified the data collection protocol to better standardize metrics including nest failure causalities, disturbance events, geographic descriptors, predator observations, and several other variables. This expanded data collection platform will allow us to create a more explicit picture of BLOY reproduction in California. The ultimate applications of a contiguous five year (at minimum) data set describing BLOY reproduction are numerous. At the local scale, reliably collected data will help inform managers of areas where intervention may improve reproduction, for example by reducing disturbance through signage, outreach, or other measures. Regionally, a robust estimate of BLOY reproductive parameters collected from a diverse areas along the California coast will inform statewide and rangewide abundance and population viability modeling exercises. Large-scale analyses and modeling of impacts to the California coast, including climate change mediated alterations, will be greatly enhanced by the addition of an upper trophic level organism of the rocky intertidal environment. Finally, the large citizen science component of the program provides a great benefit to conservation efforts by providing education and outreach both to monitoring participants and to those with whom they interact. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project would not be possible without the excellent leadership of area coordinators and their cadre of dedicated volunteers. We thank coordinators J. Osello, R. LeValley, T. Fuller for Mendocino data; D. Hichwa for Sonoma County data; V. Seher and W. Legge for San Francisco data; Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge (R. Carle) for Año Nuevo data and Año Nuevo State Park for supporting the research there; R. Hanks and H. Ceja for Monterey County data, and J. Isaacs for San Luis Obispo data. Page 27 of 30
28 LITERATURE CITED Andres, B. and G. Falxa Black Oystercatcher, Haematopus bachmani. In Poole, A. & Gill, F. (Eds.). The birds of North America, No Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences, and Washington, D.C.: American Ornithologists Union. Andres, B.A., P.A. Smith, R.I.G. Morrison, C.L. Gratto-Trevor, S.C. Brown, &C.A. Friis Populaiton estimates of North American shorebirds, Wader Study Group Bull. 119(3): Carle, R., J. Beck, D. Calleri and M. Hester Seabird conservation and habitat restoration: Unpublished report to Calif. Dept. of Parks and Recreation, Año Nuevo State Park. Carter, H.R., G.J. McChesney, D.L. Jaques, C.S. Strong, M.W. Parker, J.E. Takekawa, D.L. Jory, and D.L. Whitworth Breeding populations of seabirds in California, Volume I Population Estimates. Unpublished draft final report, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Dixon, California. Ceja, H.J., S. Aroche, and H.E. Hanks Black Oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) reproductive success: 2013 monitoring report, Point Pinos to Asilomar, Monterey Peninsula, Pacific Grove, California. Unpublished report to Environment for the Americas and California Coastal National Monument. Ceja, H.J. and H.E. Hanks Black Oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) 2014 reproductive success monitoring, Monterey Peninsula and Point Lobos California Central Coast. Unpublished report to Audubon California and California Coastal National Monument. Morrison, R.I.G., B.J. McCaffery, R.E. Gill, S.K. Skagen, S.L. Jones, G.W. Page, C.L. Gratto- Trevor &B.A. Andres Population estimates of North American shorebirds, Wader Study Group Bull. 111:b Osello, J. Black Oystercatcher conservation, Mendocino County, CA final report on nesting success in Final report to Mendocino Coast Audubon Society. Osello, J. Black Oystercatcher conservation, Mendocino County, CA final report on nesting success in Final report to Mendocino Coast Audubon Society. Osello, J. Black Oystercatcher conservation, Mendocino County, CA: final report on nesting success in Final report to Mendocino Coast Audubon Society. Tessler, D.F., J.A. Johnson, B.A. Andres, S. Thomas, & R.B. Lanctot A global assessment of the conservation status of the Black Oystercatcher Haematopus bachmani. International Wader Studies 20: Weinstein, A., L. Trocki, R. Leballey, R.H. Doster, T. Distler, & K. Krieger A first population assessment of Black Oystercatcher Haematopus bachmani in California. Marine Ornithology 42: Page 28 of 30
29 APPENDIX I. Overview map of California counties in which monitoring for Black Oystercatcher reproductive success occurred in Page 29 of 30
30 APPENDIX II. Black Oystercatcher monitoring areas and individual nest sites located in in Mendocino County (Note: Redacted for public facing website. Data available through query.) Figure 1. Overview map of Mendocino County monitoring areas in Page 30 of 30
Black Oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) 2014 Reproductive Success Monitoring Monterey Peninsula and Point Lobos California Central Coast
Black Oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) 2014 Reproductive Success Monitoring Monterey Peninsula and Point Lobos California Central Coast Hugo J. Ceja and Herrick E. Hanks Audubon California San Francisco,
More informationAnnual Report to SeaGrant. Agreement No. R/MPA-6B
Annual Report to SeaGrant Agreement R/MPA-6B 09-015 Baseline Characterization of Newly Established Marine Protected Areas Within the North Central California Study Region - Seabird Colony and Foraging
More informationUse of Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats by Seabirds Within the MLPA South Coast Study Region. Final Plan of Work.
Use of Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats by Seabirds Within the MLPA South Coast Study Region Final Plan of Work Project Leaders: Daniel P. Robinette and Jaime Jahncke (PRBO Conservation Science)
More informationRuddy Turnstone. Appendix A: Birds. Arenaria interpres [M,W] New Hampshire Wildlife Action Plan Appendix A Birds-50
Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres [M,W] Federal Listing State Listing Global Rank State Rank Regional Status N/A N/A G5 SNR Very High Photo by Pamela Hunt Justification (Reason for Concern in NH) Populations
More informationBlack Oystercatcher population estimate and reproductive success on Oregon s Coast and in the Marine Reserve and Marine Protected Areas 2015
Black Oystercatcher population estimate and reproductive success on Oregon s Coast and in the Marine Reserve and Marine Protected Areas 2015 Hayley Crews Joe Liebezeit 1, Amelia O Connor 1,2, Jim Lyons
More informationSanderling. Appendix A: Birds. Calidris alba. New Hampshire Wildlife Action Plan Appendix A Birds-67
Sanderling Calidris alba Federal Listing State Listing Global Rank State Rank Regional Status N/A N/A G5 SNR High Photo by Pamela Hunt Justification (Reason for Concern in NH) Populations of several migratory
More informationWhimbrel. Appendix A: Birds. Numenius phaeopus [M] New Hampshire Wildlife Action Plan Appendix A Birds-225
Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus [M] Federal Listing State Listing Global Rank State Rank Regional Status N/A N/A G5 SNR Very High Photo by Pamela Hunt Justification (Reason for Concern in NH) Populations of
More informationHERON AND EGRET MONITORING RESULTS AT WEST MARIN ISLAND: 2003 NESTING SEASON
HERON AND EGRET MONITORING RESULTS AT WEST MARIN ISLAND: 2003 NESTING SEASON A Report to the San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge John P. Kelly a and Binny Fischer Cypress Grove Research Center, Audubon
More informationMarbled Murrelet Effectiveness Monitoring, Northwest Forest Plan
Marbled Murrelet Effectiveness Monitoring, Northwest Forest Plan 2017 Summary Report Northwest Forest Plan Interagency Regional Monitoring Program Photo credits: S.F. Pearson (top) May 2018 1 Marbled Murrelet
More informationRocky Reach Wildlife Forum 2017 Wildlife Monitoring Proposal FINAL
Rocky Reach Wildlife Forum 2017 Wildlife Monitoring Proposal FINAL Background January 13, 2017 During the Rocky Reach Hydroelectric Project (Project 2145) relicensing process, the Public Utility District
More informationState of the Estuary Report 2015
1 State of the Estuary Report 2015 Summary PROCESSES Feeding Chicks, Brandt s Cormorant Prepared by Nadav Nur Point Blue Conservation Science State of the Estuary 2015: Processes Brandt s Cormorant Reproductive
More informationSemipalmated Sandpiper
Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla Federal Listing State Listing Global Rank State Rank Regional Status N/A N/A G5 SNR High Photo by Pamela Hunt Justification (Reason for Concern in NH) Populations
More informationMarbled Murrelet Effectiveness Monitoring, Northwest Forest Plan
Marbled Murrelet Effectiveness Monitoring, Northwest Forest Plan 2014 Summary Report Northwest Forest Plan Interagency Regional Monitoring Program Photo credits: M. Lance, WDFW (top), M.G. Shepard (bottom)
More informationChapter 33 Offshore Population Estimates of Marbled Murrelets in California
Chapter 33 Offshore Population Estimates of Marbled Murrelets in California C. John Ralph Sherri L. Miller 1 Abstract: We devised a method of estimating population size of Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus
More informationCalifornia Gull Breeding Surveys and Hazing Project, 2011.
California Gull Breeding Surveys and Hazing Project, 2011. Prepared By: Caitlin Robinson-Nilsen, Waterbird Program Director Jill Bluso Demers, Executive Director San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory 524
More informationUpdate on American Oystercatcher Reseach and Conservation in New Jersey
Update on American Oystercatcher Reseach and Conservation in New Jersey - 2007 Todd Pover, New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife - Endangered and Nongame Species Program Tom Virzi, PhD Candidate Department
More informationTemplate for all pages First page. Research Education Conservation Stewardship
Template for all pages First page Research Education Conservation Stewardship Program Goal Improve the survival of California s seabirds by reducing human disturbances at their breeding and roosting colonies
More informationSTATUS OF SEABIRDS ON SOUTHEAST FARALLON ISLAND DURING THE 2010 BREEDING SEASON
STATUS OF SEABIRDS ON SOUTHEAST FARALLON ISLAND DURING THE 2010 BREEDING SEASON P.M. Warzybok and R.W. Bradley Marine Ecology Division PRBO Conservation Science 3820 Cypress Drive #11 Petaluma, CA, 94954
More informationBald Eagles Productivity Summary Lake Clark National Park and Preserve Cook Inlet Coastline
Bald Eagles Productivity Summary 1994-1996 Lake Clark National Park and Preserve Cook Inlet Coastline Introduction: Although the bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)is not listed as endangered or threatened
More informationRed-breasted Merganser Minnesota Conservation Summary
Credit Jim Williams Red-breasted Merganser Minnesota Conservation Summary Audubon Minnesota Spring 2014 The Blueprint for Minnesota Bird Conservation is a project of Audubon Minnesota written by Lee A.
More informationA Rising Tide: Conserving Shorebirds and Shorebird Habitat within the Columbia River Estuary
A Rising Tide: Conserving Shorebirds and Shorebird Habitat within the Columbia River Estuary By Vanessa Loverti USFWS Migratory Birds and Habitat Programs, Portland, Oregon May 28, 2014 Outline of Talk
More informationBolinas Lagoon Heron and Egret Nesting Summary 2015
Bolinas Lagoon Heron and Egret Nesting Summary 2015 With Results from Heronries at Picher Canyon, Kent Island, and the Bolinas Mainland Sarah A. Millus Cypress Grove Research Center Audubon Canyon Ranch
More informationPiping Plovers in Jamaica Bay
Piping Plovers in Jamaica Bay Hanem Abouelezz, Biologist Jamaica Bay Unit Gateway National Recreation Area National Park Service Threatened and Endangered Species Our mission is to reduce the risk of
More informationWaterbird Nesting Ecology and Management in San Francisco Bay
Waterbird Nesting Ecology and Management in San Francisco Bay Josh Ackerman, Alex Hartman, Mark Herzog, and Sarah Peterson U.S. Geological Survey (October 11, 2017) Outline Wetland Management for Nesting
More informationMARINE BIRD SURVEYS AT BOGOSLOF ISLAND, ALASKA, IN 2005
AMNWR 05/18 MARINE BIRD SURVEYS AT BOGOSLOF ISLAND, ALASKA, IN 2005 Photo: Paul Hillman Heather M. Renner and Jeffrey C. Williams Key Words: Aleutian Islands, black-legged kittiwake, Bogoslof Island, Fratercula
More informationPeregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus
Plant Composition and Density Mosaic Distance to Water Prey Populations Cliff Properties Minimum Patch Size Recommended Patch Size Home Range Photo by Christy Klinger Habitat Use Profile Habitats Used
More informationMPA Baseline Program. Annual Progress Report. Use of Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats by Seabirds Within the MLPA South Coast Study Region
MPA Baseline Program Annual Progress Report Principal Investigators - please use this form to submit your MPA Baseline Program project annual report, including an update on activities completed over the
More informationSite Description: Gull Rock is located approximately 0.4 miles offshore and about six miles north of Yaquina Head in Lincoln County, Oregon.
Devil s Punchbowl intertidal area Gull Rock (offshore) 12. Gull Rock Site Description: Gull Rock is located approximately 0.4 miles offshore and about six miles north of Yaquina Head in Lincoln County,
More informationSTATUS OF SEABIRDS ON SOUTHEAST FARALLON ISLAND DURING THE 2009 BREEDING SEASON
STATUS OF SEABIRDS ON SOUTHEAST FARALLON ISLAND DURING THE 29 BREEDING SEASON P.M. Warzybok and R.W. Bradley Marine Ecology Division PRBO Conservation Science 382 Cypress Drive #11 Petaluma, CA, 94954
More informationCurrent Monitoring and Management of Tricolored Blackbirds 1
Current Monitoring and Management of Tricolored Blackbirds 1 Roy Churchwell, 2 Geoffrey R. Geupel, 2 William J. Hamilton III, 3 and Debra Schlafmann 4 Abstract Tricolored Blackbirds (Agelaius tricolor)
More informationHOW THE OTHER HALF LIVES: MONARCH POPULATION TRENDS WEST OF THE GREAT DIVIDE SHAWNA STEVENS AND DENNIS FREY. Biological Sciences Department
HOW THE OTHER HALF LIVES: MONARCH POPULATION TRENDS WEST OF THE GREAT DIVIDE SHAWNA STEVENS AND DENNIS FREY Biological Sciences Department California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, California
More informationFlorida Field Naturalist
Florida Field Naturalist PUBLISHED BY THE FLORIDA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOCIETY VOL. 29, NO. 3 SEPTEMBER 2001 PAGES 75-112 Florida Field Naturalist 29(3):75-80, 2001. AMERICAN OYSTERCATCHERS NEST ON GRAVEL-COVERED
More information2008 San Francisco Bay Shorebird Census
2008 San Francisco Bay Shorebird Census San Francisco Bay is a great place for shorebirds! The salt ponds, tidal flats, marshes and seasonal wetlands provide important habitat for over a million resident
More informationFirst page. - Helping Seabirds Thrive -
First page - Helping Seabirds Thrive - = Lots of food for wildlife Credit: Michelle Hester-Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge meters WHAT S OUT THERE? Rockfish & Perch Filetail Catshark Flag Rockfish Rockfish
More informationBlack Oystercatcher Haematopus bachmani
Black Oystercatcher Haematopus bachmani Conservation Status Heritage Agency G Rank: G5 USFWS/NOAA: Bird of Conservation Concern S Rank: SS3B,SN SOA: Species of Greatest Conservation Need BLM: USFS: Sensitive
More informationSay s Phoebe Sayornis saya Conservation Profile
Ed Harper Habitat Use Profile Habitats Used in California Grasslands, 1,2 open areas with bare ground, 3 agricultural areas 1 Key Habitat Parameters Plant Composition No plant affinities known. Plant Density
More informationBolinas Lagoon Heron and Egret Nesting Summary 2014
Bolinas Lagoon Heron and Egret Nesting Summary 2014 With Results from Heronries at Picher Canyon, Kent Island, and the Bolinas Mainland Sarah A. Millus Cypress Grove Research Center Audubon Canyon Ranch
More informationCASSlN'S AUK!-hTS IN MONTEREY COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
AND CASSlN'S AUK!-hTS IN MONTEREY COUNTY, CALIFORNIA GERARD J. McCHESNEY and HARRY R. CARTER, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Western Ecological Research Center, 6924 Tremont Road,
More informationHarlequin Ducks in Idaho Ecology, Distribution, Monitoring & Conservation
Paul Higgins Harlequin Ducks in Idaho Ecology, Distribution, Monitoring & Conservation Sonya Knetter & Frances Cassirer, IDFG Jacob Briggs, BYU-Idaho Idaho Bird Conservation Partnership, March 12, 2015
More informationMLPA NCSR Baseline Seabird Nearshore Foraging and Feeding Flock Monitoring Protocol Point Blue Conservation Science
MLPA NCSR Baseline Seabird Nearshore Foraging and Feeding Flock Monitoring Protocol 2014-2015 Point Blue Conservation Science OVERVIEW This document provides instructions for collecting data within the
More informationUNITED STATES AMLR ~:c:~=~: PROGRAM AMLR 1998/99 FIELD SEASON REPORT
". ";' ". ~ \ r ~." _ ~ ~..; ;~. _ ~. I...... ~ ~.... ~ ~..., I, UNITED STATES AMLR ~:c:~=~: PROGRAM AMLR 1998/99 FIELD SEASON REPORT Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions Edited by Jane
More informationFarr wind farm: A review of displacement disturbance on dunlin arising from operational turbines
Farr wind farm: A review of displacement disturbance on dunlin arising from operational turbines 2002-2015. Alan H Fielding and Paul F Haworth September 2015 Haworth Conservation Haworth Conservation Ltd
More informationTHE COMMON LOON. Population Status and Fall Migration in Minnesota MINNESOTA ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION OCCASIONAL PAPERS: NUMBER 3
THE COMMON LOON Population Status and Fall Migration in Minnesota MINNESOTA ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION OCCASIONAL PAPERS: NUMBER 3 Edited by Peder H. Svingen and Anthony X. Hertzel THE COMMON LOON Population
More informationCentral California. 600,000 breeding seabirds + 8 million people (SF Bay Area) Potential for disturbance is high!
Central California 600,000 breeding seabirds + 8 million people (SF Bay Area) -------------------------- Potential for disturbance is high! Overview Seabird Protection Network 2010 Accomplishments Expanding
More informationA.11 BALD EAGLE (HALIAEETUS. Species Distribution and Status
A.11 BALD EAGLE (HALIAEETUS LEUCOCEPHALUS) A.11.1 Legal Status The bald eagle was listed as endangered under the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA) in 1978 (43 FR 6230). In 1995, the bald eagle was reclassified
More informationTahkenitch Creek Estuary BCS number: 47-35
Tahkenitch Creek Estuary BCS number: 47-35 ***NOTE: We were unable to determine all necessary information for this site description. If you would like to contribute the needed information to this description,
More informationCOMPREHENSIVE SEABIRD MONITORING FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION AND FUTURE EVALUATION OF MARINE PROTECTED AREAS IN CALIFORNIA S NORTH COAST STUDY REGION
COMPREHENSIVE SEABIRD MONITORING FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION AND FUTURE EVALUATION OF MARINE PROTECTED AREAS IN CALIFORNIA S NORTH COAST STUDY REGION Report to the California Ocean Science Trust and California
More informationWood Stork Nesting Population Survey Results 2016 and Radio-tracking Dice
Wood Stork Nesting Population Survey Results 2016 and Radio-tracking Dice Sara H. Schweitzer Wildlife Diversity Program North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission Annika Anderson and Edye Kornegay (NCWRC)
More information3 March 2015 The Director Sustainable Fisheries Section Department of the Environment GPO Box 787 CANBERRA ACT 2601
3 March 2015 The Director Sustainable Fisheries Section Department of the Environment GPO Box 787 CANBERRA ACT 2601 SustainableFisheries@environment.gov.au Dear Director, Birdlife Australia welcomes the
More informationFarallon National Wildlife Refuge Backgrounder PRBO Conservation Science Page 1 of 5
Farallon National Wildlife Refuge and H.R. 298 Fact Sheet Prepared by: PRBO Conservation Science (www.prbo.org) 4990 Shoreline Highway Stinson Beach, CA 94970 415-868-1221 Contact: Russ Bradley, Farallones
More informationPRBO SF Bay Tidal Marsh Bird Monitoring Page 1 of 5
Project Leader/Agency/Contact Information: Nadav Nur, PRBO Conservation Science, 3820 Cypress Drive #11, Petaluma, CA 94954, 707.781.2555 x301, nnur@prbo.org Title: Vulnerability Analysis and Monitoring
More informationMemorandum. Introduction
Memorandum To: Mark Slaughter, Bureau of Land Management From: Eric Koster, SWCA Environmental Consultants Date: December 6, 2016 Re: Proposed Golden Eagle Survey Protocol for Searchlight Wind Energy Project
More informationNational Audubon Society. Coastal Bird Conservation Program
National Audubon Society Coastal Bird Conservation Program Coastal Bird Conservation Program This presentation contains original photos and data. For any use of this information, data, maps, or photographs
More informationNotes on a Breeding Population of Red-headed Woodpeckers in New York State. Jacob L. Berl and John W. Edwards
Notes on a Breeding Population of Red-headed Woodpeckers in New York State Jacob L. Berl and John W. Edwards Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University Morgantown, WV 26505 The
More informationSEABIRD AND MARINE MAMMAL MONITORING AT GUALALA POINT ISLAND, SONOMA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA, MAY TO AUGUST Prepared by Ron LeValley
SEABIRD AND MARINE MAMMAL MONITORING AT GUALALA POINT ISLAND, SONOMA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA, MAY TO AUGUST 2008 Prepared by Ron LeValley Mad River Biologists 417 Second Street, Suite 201 Eureka CA 95501 15
More informationFerruginous Hawk Buteo regalis
Photo by Teri Slatauski Habitat Use Profile Habitats Used in Nevada Sagebrush Pinyon-Juniper (Salt Desert Scrub) Key Habitat Parameters Plant Composition Sagebrush spp., juniper spp., upland grasses and
More informationEnsuring habitat considerations in beach and shoreline management along Delaware Bay a bay wide perspective.
Ensuring habitat considerations in beach and shoreline management along Delaware Bay a bay wide perspective. Kimberly B. Cole, David B. Carter, Tricia K. Arndt Delaware Coastal Programs Delaware Bay Coastal
More informationRoberts Bank Terminal 2 Project Field Studies Information Sheet
January 2013 Port Metro Vancouver is continuing field studies in January as part of ongoing environmental and technical work for the proposed. The is a proposed new multi berth container terminal which
More informationLimulus Population on Long Island:
Preliminary Inventory Status of Limulus Population on Long Island: From Anecdote to Annual Survey Dr. John T. Tanacredi - Chairman, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, Dowling College, Oakdale New
More informationNational Fish and Wildlife Foundation Executive Summary for the American Oystercatcher Business Plan
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Executive Summary for the American Oystercatcher Business Plan October 26, 2008 AMOY Exec Sum Plan.indd 1 8/11/09 5:24:00 PM Colorado Native Fishes Upper Green River
More informationThe Adirondack Tremolo
The Adirondack Tremolo 2004 Winter Newsletter Volume 3, Issue 1 Loon Migration Linking People and the Environment Every fall, the most common question asked of the Adirondack Cooperative Loon Program is
More informationAUDUBON CANYON RANCH RAVEN PROJECT PROGRESS REPORT, DECEMBER 2001
AUDUBON CANYON RANCH RAVEN PROJECT PROGRESS REPORT, DECEMBER 2001 John P. Kelly Cypress Grove Research Center Audubon Canyon Ranch, Marshall, CA 94940 kellyjp@svn.net Jennifer E. Roth Point Reyes Bird
More informationSpecies Response to Habitat Restoration and Management in San Francisco Bay
Species Response to Habitat Restoration and Management in San Francisco Bay Joy Albertson, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service October 11, 2017 2017 State of the San Francisco Estuary Conference Past (~1850)
More informationEnvironment and Natural Resources Trust Fund 2019 Request for Proposals (RFP)
Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund 2019 Request for Proposals (RFP) Project Title: Implementing Conservation Plans for Avian Species of Concern Category: H. Proposals seeking 200,000 or less
More informationCOASTAL MANAGEMENT ELEMENT
COASTAL MANAGEMENT ELEMENT of the PINELLAS COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN Prepared By: The Pinellas County Planning Department as staff to the LOCAL PLANNING AGENCY for THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF
More informationSanta Clara Valley Habitat Plan
Santa Clara Valley Habitat Plan Joint Governing & Implementation Board Meeting Burrowing Owl Survey Summary and Fee Map January 15, 2015 29 1 Agenda Brief Overview of the Key Aspects of the Burrowing Owl
More information2. Survey Methodology
Analysis of Butterfly Survey Data and Methodology from San Bruno Mountain Habitat Conservation Plan (1982 2000). 2. Survey Methodology Travis Longcore University of Southern California GIS Research Laboratory
More informationEnvironment and Natural Resources Trust Fund (ENRTF) M.L ENRTF Work Plan (Main Document)
Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund (ENRTF) M.L. 2019 ENRTF Work Plan (Main Document) Today s Date: 8/24/2018 Date of Next Status Update Report: May 1, 2020 Date of Work Plan Approval: Project
More informationSIERRA NEVADA ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT PLAN
SIERRA NEVADA ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT PLAN Study Plan and Inventory Protocol For the California Spotted Owl Study Tahoe NF Study Site Douglas J. Tempel, Project Supervisor Professor Ralph J. Gutiérrez, P.I.
More informationBolinas Lagoon Heron and Egret Nesting Summary 2016
Bolinas Lagoon Heron and Egret Nesting Summary 2016 Results from Heronries at Picher Canyon, Kent Island, and the Bolinas Mainland Scott Jennings Cypress Grove Research Center Audubon Canyon Ranch P.O.
More informationGolden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) Management Indicator Species Assessment Ochoco National Forest
Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) Management Indicator Species Assessment Ochoco National Forest I. Introduction The golden eagle was chosen as a terrestrial management indicator species (MIS) on the Ochoco
More informationTHE COMMON LOON. Population Status and Fall Migration in Minnesota MINNESOTA ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION OCCASIONAL PAPERS: NUMBER 3
THE COMMON LOON Population Status and Fall Migration in Minnesota MINNESOTA ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION OCCASIONAL PAPERS: NUMBER 3 Edited by Peder H. Svingen and Anthony X. Hertzel THE COMMON LOON Population
More informationLong-billed Curlew Surveys in the Mission Valley, 2014
Long-billed Curlew Surveys in the Mission Valley, 2014 Amy Cilimburg and Janene Lichtenberg lead field trips in the Mission Valley, talking about Curlews! Project Leaders and Report Authors: Amy Cilimburg
More informationReport on Wintering Western Snowy Plovers at Coos Bay North Spit and Impacts to Plovers from The North Jetty Repair Project, Winter 2009
Report on Wintering Western Snowy Plovers at Coos Bay North Spit and Impacts to Plovers from The North Jetty Repair Project, Winter 2009 David J. Lauten, Kathleen A. Castelein, and Eleanor P. Gaines The
More informationAERIAL SURVEY OF BIRDS AT MONO LAKE ON AUGUST 24, 1973
AERIAL SURVEY OF BIRDS AT MONO LAKE ON AUGUST 24, 1973 by Ronald M. Jurek Special Wildlife Investigations Wildlife Management Branch California Department of Fish and Game September 1973 Jurek, R.M. 1973.
More informationLesser Sandhill Cranes, Annual Summary Homer, Alaska, Summer By Kachemak Crane Watch
Lesser Sandhill Cranes, Annual Summary Homer, Alaska, Summer 2016 By Kachemak Crane Watch This year s Sandhill Crane season started winding down on September 7 when roughly half of Homer s cranes took
More informationPlover: a Subpopulation-Based Model of the Effects of Management on Western Snowy Plovers
Plover: a Subpopulation-Based Model of the Effects of Management on Western Snowy Plovers Michele M. Tobias University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 mmtobias@ucdavis.edu Abstract.
More informationPopulation studies of Southern Buller's albatrosses on The Snares
Population studies of Southern Buller's albatrosses on The Snares Population study of Buller's Albatrosses Prepared for Department of Conservation Ministry for Primary Industries and Deepwater Group Limited
More information1.0 Performance Measure Title Wetland Trophic Relationships Wading Bird Nesting Patterns. 2.0 Justification
1.0 Performance Measure Title Wetland Trophic Relationships Wading Bird Nesting Patterns Last Date Revised: December 2006 2.0 Justification Over the past several decades, wading bird reproduction in the
More informationBlack-crowned Night-heron Minnesota Conservation Summary
Credit Deborah Reynolds Black-crowned Night-heron Minnesota Conservation Summary Audubon Minnesota Spring 2014 The Blueprint for Minnesota Bird Conservation is a project of Audubon Minnesota written by
More informationEddy Gulch Late-Successional Reserve Northern Spotted Owl, Northern Goshawk and Landbird Survey Report 2008
Eddy Gulch Late-Successional Reserve Northern Spotted Owl, Northern Goshawk and Landbird Survey Report 2008 Submitted to Sam Cuenca District Wildlife Biologist Scott Salmon River Ranger District, Klamath
More informationPigeon Guillemot Summary 2017
Pigeon Guillemot Summary 2017 Island County Marine Resources Committee 10/3/17 Frances Wood, Govinda Rosling, Caitlyn Connolly Guillemot Research Group Pigeon Guillemot Research Group "The Whidbey Island
More information2012 Wading Bird Nesting in the Everglades
Wading Bird Nesting in the Everglades Large scale Restoration Needed to Recover Wading Bird Populations Introduction The annual South Florida Wading Bird Report 1 provides an overview of wading bird nesting
More informationLong-billed Curlew Surveys in the Mission Valley, 2015
Long-billed Curlew Surveys in the Mission Valley, 2015 Janene Lichtenberg lead a field trips in the Mission Valley, talking about Curlews, and volunteers scoured the valley for along 25 driving routes
More informationBALD EAGLE MANAGEMENT 2014 ANNUAL REPORT
SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT ARTICLE 513 BALD EAGLE MANAGEMENT 2014 ANNUAL REPORT REPORTING PERIOD JANUARY 1 DECEMBER 31, 2014 BAKER RIVER HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT FERC No. 2150 September 2015 PUGET SOUND ENERGY
More informationOsprey Nest Abundance, Distribution, and Productivity in Casco Bay
University of Southern Maine USM Digital Commons Publications Casco Bay Estuary Partnership (CBEP) 2012 Osprey Nest Abundance, Distribution, and Productivity in Casco Bay Chris DeSorbo Follow this and
More informationConserving Cactus Wren Populations in the Nature Reserve of Orange County
Conserving Cactus Wren Populations in the Nature Reserve of Orange County Kristine Preston Nature Reserve of Orange County Photo Karly Moore Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) Inhabits deserts
More informationInvestigating the population dynamics of the American Oystercatcher on the islands of Massachusetts. Sean Murphy, City University of New York
Investigating the population dynamics of the American Oystercatcher on the islands of Massachusetts Sean Murphy, City University of New York Objectives 1. Color banding: Current status in Nantucket County,
More informationWildlife Inventory Plan Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge Protocol #28. Version 1.2. Parameter: Populations
Wildlife Inventory Plan Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge Protocol #28 Version 1.2 Parameter: Populations Species: Seabirds and marine mammals at Walrus Island PURPOSE To census seabird and marine
More informationIncrease of the California Gull Population in the San Francisco Bay and the Impacts on Western Snowy Plovers
Increase of the California Gull Population in the San Francisco Bay and the Impacts on Western Snowy Plovers Caitlin Robinson-Nilsen, San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory Jill Bluso Demers, San Francisco
More informationEffects of human activity on the foraging behavior of sanderlings Calidris alba
0053968 Biological Conservation 109 (2003) 67 71 www.elsevier.com/locate/biocon Effects of human activity on the foraging behavior of sanderlings Calidris alba Kate Thomas*, Rikk G. Kvitek, Carrie Bretz
More informationTERNS TRACKING. Sitting in a blind within a colony of over 5,000 common terns is
TRACKING TERNS HOW FAR DO TERNS NESTING ON OUR COASTAL ISLANDS FLY IN SEARCH OF FOOD? BY JESSICA CARLONI Sitting in a blind within a colony of over 5,000 common terns is a remarkable experience. I was
More informationCordilleran Flycatcher (Empidonax occidentalis)
Cordilleran Flycatcher (Empidonax occidentalis) NMPIF level: Species Conservation Concern, Level 2 (SC2) NMPIF assessment score: 15 NM stewardship responsibility: High National PIF status: No special status
More informationGULF OF THE FARALLONES NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY
GULF OF THE FARALLONES NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY FINAL MANAGEMENT PLAN PREPARED AS PART OF THE JOINT MANAGEMENT PLAN REVIEW (JMPR) VOLUME II OF IV OCTOBER 2008 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL OCEANIC
More informationNAPA MARSHES RESTORATION Coastal Ecosystem Restoration Through Collaborative Partnerships
NAPA MARSHES RESTORATION Coastal Ecosystem Restoration Through Collaborative Partnerships National Conference on Ecosystem Restoration July 29-August 2, 2013 Jeff McCreary Director of Conservation Programs
More informationPiping Plovers - An Endangered Beach Nesting Bird, and The Threat of Habitat Loss With. Predicted Sea Level Rise in Cape May County.
Piping Plovers - An Endangered Beach Nesting Bird, and The Threat of Habitat Loss With Thomas Thorsen May 5 th, 2009 Predicted Sea Level Rise in Cape May County. Introduction and Background Piping Plovers
More informationI N T H E F L Y W A Y A GS NORCAL COUNCIL S OWN INTEREST PROJECT PROGRAM
G I R L S C O U T S O F N O R T H E R N C A L I F O R N I A I N T H E F L Y W A Y A GS NORCAL COUNCIL S OWN INTEREST PROJECT PROGRAM CADETTES, SENIORS & AMBASSADORS TO ENCOURAGE AND INSPIRE GIRLS TO EXPLORE
More informationLong-billed Curlew Surveys in the Mission Valley, 2017
Long-billed Curlew Surveys in the Mission Valley, 2017 This year, 20 volunteers scoured the Mission Valley along 22 driving routes to locate North America s largest shorebird (curlew by Raylene Wall above
More informationFarr wind farm: A review of displacement disturbance on golden plover arising from operational turbines
Farr wind farm: A review of displacement disturbance on golden plover arising from operational turbines 2005-2015. Alan H Fielding and Paul F Haworth September 2015 Haworth Conservation Haworth Conservation
More informationCat Island Chain Restoration Project Brown County Port & Resource Recovery Department
Cat Island Chain Restoration Project Brown County Port & Resource Recovery Department February 2, 2015 Fox River and Lower Green Bay Cat Island Chain - 1938 Cat Island Brown County Aerial Photography,
More information