Australian Museum Research Institute Food Chain Analysis

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1 Australian Museum Research Institute Food Chain Analysis 31 July 2014 AAWHG Forum Andrew King, Melissa Danks, Greta Frankham, Scott Ginn, Rebecca Johnson

2 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Is it possible to determine what food items are attracting birds to airports using molecular methods? - what s on the menu?

3 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Is it possible to determine what food items are attracting birds to airports using molecular methods? - what s on the menu?

4 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Is it possible to determine what food items are attracting birds to airports using molecular methods? - what s on the menu?

5 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Is it possible to determine what food items are attracting birds to airports using molecular methods? - what s on the menu?

6 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Is it possible to determine what food items are attracting birds to airports using molecular methods? - what s on the menu?

7 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Is it possible to determine what food items are attracting birds to airports using molecular methods? - what s on the menu? - can it be identified?

8 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Is it possible to determine what food items are attracting birds to airports using molecular methods? - what s on the menu? - can it be identified? - which birds?

9 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Is it possible to determine what food items are attracting birds to airports using molecular methods? - what s on the menu? - can it be identified? - which birds? - how will it help?

10 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Is it possible to determine what food items are attracting birds to airports using molecular methods? - what s on the menu? - can it be identified? - which birds? - how will it help? Oct 2013

11 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Is it possible to determine what food items are attracting birds to airports using molecular methods? - what s on the menu? - can it be identified? - which birds? - how will it help? 2008

12 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Is it possible to determine what food items are attracting birds to airports using molecular methods? - what s on the menu? - can it be identified? - which birds? - how will it help? In this study I m using bird stomach contents to address these questions.

13 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Metabarcoding & Morphology In this study I m using bird stomach contents to address these questions.

14 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Building on previous work Metabarcoding In this study I m using bird stomach contents to address these questions.

15 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Using Illumina NGS technology Building on previous work Metabarcoding In this study I m using bird stomach contents to address these questions.

16 Food Chain Analysis - the brief Customizing the protocols for the airline industry Using improved NGS technology Building on previous work Metabarcoding In this study I m using bird stomach contents to address these questions.

17 Does this fit within our core business? The Australian Museum Research Institute includes - Ornithologists - Entomologists - Ecologists - Marine Biologists - A modern molecular biology facility - A large collection resource of Australian Fauna - A good working association with the Airline Industry

18 Does this fit within our core business? The Australian Museum Research Institute includes - Ornithologists - Entomologists - Ecologists - Marine Biologists - A modern molecular biology facility - A large collection resource of Australian Fauna - A good working association with the Airline Industry - Absolutely

19 How will it help? Improved data on the range and identity of food items can - help manage insect populations - help manage bird populations - help identify problems areas

20 How will it help? Improved data on the range and identity of food items - helps manage insect populations - helps manage bird populations - helps identify problems areas Monitoring seasonal variation - better understanding of environmental factors - efficacy of ground covers such as AVANEX

21 How will it help? Improved data on the range and identity of food items - helps manage insect populations - helps manage bird populations - helps identify problems areas Monitoring seasonal variation - better understanding of environmental factors - efficacy of ground covers such as AVANEX Comprehensive pest management strategy

22 How will it help? Improved data on the range and identity of food items - helps manage insect populations - helps manage bird populations - helps identify problems areas Monitoring seasonal variation - better understanding of environmental factors - efficacy of ground covers such as AVANEX Comprehensive pest management strategy Reduce the potential of damaging wildlife strikes

23 The process What birds should we study?

24 What birds should we study? Nudgee Beach, Brisbane

25 What birds should we study? Photo: Brodie Akackich Townsville

26 What birds should we study? Photo: Brodie Akackich Different airports different challenges

27 What birds should we study? Common Name Strikes Weight ATSB rank Ibis Duck Galah Silver gulls Kite Owl Magpie Masked Lapwing Curlew Nankeen Kestrel Heron/Egret - Raven ATSB Aviation Research Report, 2012

28 What birds should we study? Common Name Strikes Weight ATSB rank Ibis Duck Galah Silver gulls Kite Owl Magpie Masked Lapwing Curlew Nankeen Kestrel Heron/Egret - Raven

29 What birds should we study? Common Name Strikes Weight ATSB rank Ibis Duck Galah Silver gulls Kite Owl Magpie Masked Lapwing Curlew Nankeen Kestrel Heron/Egret - Raven

30 The process What birds should we study? What food items do we need to detect?

31 What food items do we need to detect? Brisbane Airport was chosen for protocol development. - bird diet data is available - wildlife-strike data going back to Bird carcasses available - range of environments is a challenge - Assistance from Avisure

32 What food items do we need to detect? Brisbane Airport was chosen for protocol development. - bird diet data is available - wildlife-strike data going back to Bird carcasses from Brisbane - range of environments is a challenge - Co-operating with Avisure - We also have samples from Canberra, Hobart

33 What food items do we need to detect? Brisbane Airport Open pasture insects, spiders, reptiles, frogs, mice, worms, plants, birds

34 What food items do we need to detect? Brisbane Airport Tidal estuary/aquatic fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic plants 3 rd - Public areas, carparks Food scraps carrion

35 What food items do we need to detect? - Literature searches - Museum experts

36 What food items do we need to detect? Non-avian data from bird-strike records Airport Order Family Scientific name Common Name Cairns Airport Lepidoptera Noctuidae Eudocima phalonia Fruit Piercing Moth Cairns Airport Hymenoptera Formicidae Crematogaster spp. cocktail ants Cairns Airport Coleoptera Carabidae Notagonum spp Ground Beetles Cairns Airport Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Cephaloleia spp leaf beetle Cairns Airport Lepidoptera Noctuidae Helicoverpa spp Budworm moth Cairns Airport Hemiptera Cicadidae Psithyristria spp Cicada Canberra Airport Lepidoptera Noctuidae Agrotis munda Brown cutworm moth Darwin Airport (RAAF Darwin) Isoptera Termitidae Schedorhinotermes breinli NT Termite Darwin Airport Diptera Muscidae Stomoxys spp stable fly Darwin Airport Lepidoptera Noctuidae Masalia spp moth Melbourne Diptera Drosophilidae Drosophila spp fruit flies Melbourne Rodentia Muridae Mus musculus mouse Melbourne Lepidoptera Noctuidae Mythimna spp Army cutworm Rockhampton Airport Orthoptera Acrididae Locusta migratoria Migratory locust

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