Relevance and Impact of Engineering Education in India

Transcription

1 Relevance and Impact of Engineering Education in India Indranil MANNA J C Bose Fellow Indian Institute of Technology KANPUR, India Indian National Academy of Engineering Indian Institute of Metals Coordinator IMPRINT imanna@iitk.ac.in; Web: Science Engineering Technology India: A Nation with Unity in Diversity Engineering Education in India Importance of Engineering Engineering and economy IMPRINT India (MHRD) Way forward Global Engineering Deans Conference Adelaide 1Dec2015

2 Components essential for societal growth SCIENCE Know-why? Unravel nature Curiosity/need inspired act Discovery ENGINEERING Know-how? Product/device Invention SOCIETY TECHNOLOGY Know-what sells? Multiple copies Innovation SET [Science-Engineering-Technology] PATH TO PROSPERITY: (a) Knowledge (data to wisdom); (b) Opportunity (job and business)

3 The Relationship Academia creates/disseminates KNOWLEDGE Society CONSUMES and DEMANDS MODERN INNOVATION ECO- SYSTEM Research organization pursues INVENTION in S E T Industry produces/provides Innovative solutions as VIABLE TECHNOLOGY

4 Enabling Education in Engineering Domain HUMANITIES & MANAGEMENT INDUSTRY EDUCATION IN SET SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH SOCIETY

5 INDIA unity in Diversity

6 INDIA at a glance Relevant Facts Size: 7 th -largest area (3,287,263 km²), 2.4 % earth s surface Expanse: 3,214 km north-south; 2,933 km east-west; Frontier of 15,200 km; and Coastline of 7,517 km Population: 1.25 bn (2 nd most populous); > 800 m below 35 yrs GDP: > $ 2.0 trillion (10 th in nominal and 4 th in PPP terms) S&T: Successfully conducted Lunar and Mars missions; satellite launching capability; nuclear energy harnessing state Diversity: 36 states/territories, 29 languages, 8 main religions Poverty: Income/month/person < $ 100; Population below poverty line ~ 22%; HDI = 134 th ; Unemployment ~ 7%; Literacy rate = 74 %; Education level: at primary = 93%, secondary = 69% and post-secondary = 25%; GER ~ 15% Challenges: poverty, hunger, health care concern, security threat, inadequacy of basic amenities (housing, water, employment) and lack of appropriate education Engineering solutions: awaited for issues related to energy, defense, sustainability, security and education

7 Engineering as a Driving Force for Economic Growth Engineering: most preferred profession or career option in India Reason: Assured job and good career prospect Trend: Opt for IITs and Computer Science as first choice Institutions: > 100 centrally funded engineering schools; 1000s private institutions (but quality is suspect) JEE: About 300,000 appear for only about 6000 seats (~ 1 in 50) Aim: Develop engineers as solution providers not job seekers Science is universal, but engineering solutions may be local Why is engineering education important in India? o Majority of India s challenges/demands are of engineering origin o Education that promotes innovation/entrepreneurship needed o Huge demand/scope for infrastructure augmentation, harnessing mineral/material resources, capacity enhancement o Significant scope for manufacturing of engineering goods/service o Engineering manpower needed (degree, diploma, trainee, labor)

8 'IMPacting Research, INnovation and Technology IMPRINT India First MHRD Supported Pan-IIT + IISc Joint Initiative Identify engineering challenges faced by the nation Relevant to society s demand and aspiration Directed/translational research to develop viable technology Create opportunities crowd sourcing and onus sharing Overall aim: Inclusive Growth and Self-reliance Engineering challenges under 10 domains (living and material world) Enhanced funding for research projects Convergent action by Ministry/Government Agencies Industry participation is most desirable Phase I: Policy document Phase II: Technology development

9 November 5, 2015

10 IMpacting Research, INnovation and Technology [IMPRINT] An initiative of MHRD to make an impact through research and innovation in engineering and technology Policy Initiative Not Technology Development Technology & Innovation Education Policy for Inculcating Scientific Temperament and Innovation Skills Research Roadmap for Technology Readiness

11 IMPRINT Part A Education Policy for Inculcating Scientific Temperament and Innovation Skills School (STEM) University (UG/PG levels) Research Univ + R&D Labs (PDF/PhD/Projects) Interest in S&T Engineering Branches Interdisciplinary Technology aided education International component Manpower + Knowledge Solution to India s own problems

12 IMPRINT Part B Research Roadmap for Technology Readiness Gap Competence and Capability Map + Bridge Infrastructure Technology Product Process Goalposts Technology Manpower Infrastructure 10 Domains and Related Themes/Targets/Topics Targets

13 HEALTHCARE Objective: Making health care effective and affordable for all Themes: Campaign on health and healthy living Affordable diagnostic tools and imaging Prosthesis and implants Innovative devices, embedded systems Point-of-care diagnosis ICT solutions for healthcare Regenerative medicine Surgical and operative solutions Traditional healthcare Reducing communicable diseases Healthcare management and legal issues Accelerating healthcare innovation IIT Kharagpur

14 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION Objective: Global leadership in information & communication technology TECHNOLOGY Themes: Data acquisition and processing Communication Computation Computational infrastructure IIT Kharagpur

15 ENERGY Objective: Attain energy security and make alternative and renewable energy affordable Themes: Fusion technology Clean coal technology Renewable energy Hydrogen based energy Energy storage Energy systems & efficiency Revise energy strategy IIT Bombay

16 SUSTAINABLE HABITAT Objective: Affordable and sustainable habitat for all in India Themes: Architecture & built forms Urban planning & design Physical infrastructure Housing for all Social infrastructure Water & sanitation Transportation Smart city Energy & environment Governance IIT Roorkee

17 NANOTECHNOLOGY HARDWARE Objective: Nanotechnology product development for improving quality of life Improving quality of life Environment Pedagogy Agriculture Healthcare Security IIT Bombay

18 WATER RESOURCES AND RIVER SYSTEMS Objective: Address critical challenges of water resources and river systems Major Themes River Basins Water in Urban Systems Water in Rural Ecosystems Water & Agriculture Water & Industry Spatial Real-time Data & Infra Complementing Science and Technology Measures Valuing Water Governance Knowledge & Capacity Development IIT Kanpur

19 ADVANCED MATERIALS Objective: Achieve leadership in hardware though advanced materials Structural Materials Steel Light alloys Advanced composite materials Particulate materials Ultrahigh temperature materials Functional Materials Electronic materials Energy materials optoelectronic materials and devices Smart materials Earth abundant element based functional materials. Emerging Materials Nanomaterials Biomaterials and devices Polymeric and soft materials Glassy and amorphous materials Bio-inspired and patterned functional materials. Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) IIT Kanpur

20 MANUFACTURING Objective: To improve the competitiveness of Indian manufacturing industry Manufacturing Processes Processes for Shape Changes Processes for Property Change Verification of Manufactured Parts Manufacturing Equipment and Tooling Enabling Technologies Manufacturing Strategies IIT Madras

21 Objective: Lend an edge and indigenise the country s security and defence capabilities SECURITY AND DEFENCE Combat Engineering Systems Aircrafts and Submarines Battle Tanks Autonomous Systems Armaments and Engineering Support Systems Cyber security Electronics and Communication Systems Hardware Design System Software Application Software Strategic Materials Thorium technology Smart materials Rare earths IIT Madras IIT Delhi

22 Objective: Growth and prosperity without adverse impact on environment ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND CLIMATE CHANGE Climate science Monsoon prediction Ocean studies Air pollution Aerosols and climate Water resources and pollution Forests and climate change Glacier retreat Capacity development IISc Bangalore

23 Clean Ganga Rashtriya Avishkar Abhiyan SWAYAM Clean India Synergy with National Missions PMMM-NMTT

24 14 Grand Global Perspective Challenges for Engineering in USA in 21 st Grand Challenges for Engineering (USA): Century An initiative of National Academy of Engineering, USA to define the 21 st century s Grand Challenges covering sustainability, health, security and joy Chair: William Perry (50 subject experts from 40 different countries)

25 Concluding Remarks Accelerating innovation ecosystem Viable technology products processes Creating opportunities Million challenges, Billion minds The second largest population of the world which will soon be the youngest, now aspires and deserves a better quality and security of life Engineering can and should provide solutions for societal demands, challenges and aspirations of young India