IGF Bali. UNESCO Open Forum

Transcription

1 IGF Bali Room #4 Uluwatu 1 25 October 2013, 11am UNESCO Open Forum Title: UNESCO Open Forum UNESCO Open Forum: In spite of a key main session, which was hold in parallel on Emerging trends, the UNESCO Open Forum attracted more than 20 participants. It included presentations and discussions around five themes: o Freedom of Expression, Privacy and the Role of Intermediaries (Guy Berger) o Internet Governance at the WSIS+10 Review event (Cédric Wachholz) o Ethical Dimension of inclusive Knowledge Societies (Jānis Kārkliņš) o Digital Preservation (Jānis Kārkliņš) o Media and Literacy framework (Irmgarda Kasinskaite) Participants were really committed and interested, raised a number of questions, which led to a good interaction and for all parties satisfying session. Please find in Annex the Open Forum Description and all the powerpoints shown, which give more details on the content.

2 Open Forum Description: From the outset of the Internet Governance Forum, UNESCO has been an active contributor to Internet Governance processes, with the conviction that Internet governance should be developed on a bottom up and multistakeholder participative approach. Key elements of UNESCO s Constitution, such as its mandate to promote the free flow of ideas by word and image and to maintain, increase and spread knowledge and numerous UNESCO topics are in fact linked to the broader policy debate on Internet Governance. This UNESCO Open Forum will include presentations and discussions around five themes: 1. UNESCO s special Internet Governance session at the first WSIS+10 (Paris, Feb. 2013) 2. Freedom of Expression, Privacy and the Role of Intermediaries 3. Ethical Dimension of inclusive Knowledge Societies 4. Digital Preservation 5. Media and Literacy framework Participants will receive updates on recent discussions and decisions of UNESCO s Member States, for example on the discussions about Freedom of Expression, privacy and ethics, and we will also discuss our future actions in the field Internet Governance Provide the name of speakers: Chair: Mr Janis Karklins, Assistant Director-General for Communication and Information, UNESCO Mr Guy Berger, Director, Division of Freedom of Expression and Media Development, UNESCO Ms Irmgarda Kasinskaite, Knowledge Societies Division, UNESCO Mr Cédric Wachholz, Knowledge Societies Division, UNESCO Name of Remote Moderator(s): Xianhong HU, Division of Freedom of Expression and Media Development, UNESCO Provide the name of the organiser(s) for the Open Forum: Cédric Wachholz, UNESCO

3 UNESCO s Open Forum Chaired by: Jānis Kārkliņš Assistant Director General for Communication and Information UNESCO 1 Agenda 1. UNESCO s special Internet Governance session at the first WSIS Freedom of Expression, Privacy and the Role of Intermediaries 3. Ethical Dimension of Inclusive Knowledge Societies 4. Digital Preservation 5. Media and Literacy framework 2 1

4 1. UNESCO s special session on: Internet Governance at the first WSIS+10 Review event first WSIS+10 Event 4 2

5 WSIS+10 Working papers inclusive online discussions Multistakeholder developed WSIS+10 Final Statement adopted in plenary by consensus Recommendations adopted by stakeholders in their sessions 17 IG related sessions 4 UNESCO special sessions on IG o Launch of EURid UNESCO World Report on IDN Deployment 2012 o Cultural and linguistic diversity: Exploring economic and educational aspects of local content o Promoting Freedom of Expression and Privacy on the Internet o Digital Safety of Journalists 6 3

6 17 IG related sessions o Launch of EURid UNESCO World Report on IDN Deployment 2012 Challenges: Slow uptake of IDN registrations since 2009 Challenges faced by those who have deployed IDNs Identify factors encouraging uptake of IDNs in a country Recommendations: Technical Community: adopt processes to facilitate introduction of IDNs Policy makers: promote the deployment and raise awareness of IDNs TLD registrars: review their policies on registrars, pricing and registration eligibility 7 17 IG related sessions o Cultural and linguistic diversity: Exploring economic and educational aspects of local content Challenges: Content divide: correlations btw network infrastructure & local content Support of educational processes: digital text books and learning materials = attributes of local content in both formal and alternative learning contexts Recommendations: Policy makers should: Evaluate level of multiple skills Improve basic 8 4

7 17 IG related sessions o Promoting Freedom of Expression and Privacy on the Internet Challenges: Major issues surrounding online privacy and their impact on FoE What can governments, civil society, media stakeholders and the private sector do? How to empower users? Recommendations: Elastic public interest test to ensure balance btw FoE and privacy Educate in MIL to protect one s own privacy and freedom of expression More transparency from Internet intermediaries re data access and sharing practices 9 17 IG related sessions o Digital Safety of Journalists Challenges: Emerging threats endanger the safety of journalists, bloggers, citizen journalists; Awareness and response; Resources, rights and principles ; Misperceptions surrounding digital safety? Role of gvts, international org, civ soc, media, private sector Gaps in our current understanding Recommendations: Technical training in digital safety Awareness on journalists digital threats 10 5

8 17 IG related sessions o International Domain Names Present and Future (ICANN) o Promoting Freedom of Expression and Media Development in Arab States (UNESCO) o The role of traditional media in new media landscape (WAN IFRA) o Beyond the Code: are Human Rights part of the Internet s DNA? (ISOC) IG related sessions o Rights Based Principles and the Internet: Taking Stock and Moving Forward o Opportunities and Challenges of Domain Names Industry in the Arab World and updates on the Arab IGF (AIGF) process (ESCWA & LAS) o Cybersecurity Searching for a common understanding (ISOC) o Identifying Emerging Trends and Vision Beyond 2015: Infrastructure, Cybersecurity and Enabling environment (ITU) 12 6

9 17 IG related sessions o WGIG + 8: Stock Taking, Mapping, and Going Forward (Center for Internet Governance) o Internet Governance Principles: Towards a Multistakeholder and Universal Framework of Commitments (Wolfgang Kleinwaecheter) o Contested Governance: Exploring the Evolving Policymaking Environment and Considering Collaborative Solutions from the Netroots (IAMCR) o Public and industry regulatory initiatives in the field of intellectual property enforcement (ISOC) o Enhanced cooperation and the Internet addressing organizations (ICANN & Apnic) Freedom of Expression, Privacy and the Role of Intermediaries 14 7

10 Research context States have duty to protect, non state actors to respect freedom of expression Issue: Content may be (a) illegal in terms of international standards, (b) illegal in terms of national laws, (c) legal but meriting certain restrictions, and (d) offensive in some eyes but not attracting restriction. Issue: Terms of service, and actions, in balancing foe with security when authorities require censorship, intercept or disclosure. 15 Research context Private sector role Ruggie principles, OECD, GNI, EC ICT sector guide = good practice guidelines FoE as norm, (legitimate) limits as exception? Issues: intermediary liability, self regulation, privatised censorship, correspondence with international stds Research does not aim for a representative or quantitative sample, but rather to extrapolate 16 findings from qualitative case studies. 8

11 Research terms Example: what can cases like Youtube actions on the Innocence of Muslims tell us about principles informing decision making? Intermediaries = actors who bring together / facilitate transactions on Net OECD Can cover: ISPs, DNRs, hosting or storage providers, search engines, & messaging providers, ecommerce & payment systems, social platforms (incl mass media UGC) 17 Shaping up 28 proposals received; we are considering: Search engines Social media networks ISPs Domain name suspensions and takedowns Social curation algorithms in online news Advisory committee, and Partners Result: Recommendations on policies and practices 18 9

12 3. Ethical Dimensions of Inclusive Knowledge Societies 19 Ethics Work on info ethics started in the mid 90s Three international congresses led to the adoption of the UNESCO Recommendations concerning the Promotion and Use of Multilingualism and Universal Access to Cyberspace WSIS 2005 entrusted UNESCO with the coordination of the implementation of Action line C10 on ethics of the information society alongside with Action line C9 on media 20 10

13 Ethics (cont.) IFAP Council presented IFAP Code of Ethics of the Information Society to the UNESCO General Conference in 2011 UNESCO and the ethical dimensions of the information society was discussed at the 190th Executive Board session in Ethics (cont.) Action plan in 4 areas: Building multi stakeholder partnerships to raise awareness and strengthen action in this area Contribute to the international debate on the ethical dimensions of access to, and use of information Supporting capacity building at national level Research 22 11

14 Ethics (cont.) Other relevant documents: Charter on the Preservation of the Digital Heritage (32C/28) Reflection and Analysis by UNESCO on the Internet (36C/54, 186 EX/Decision 37) 190th Executive Board decision on UNESCO and the ethical dimensions of the information society (190EX/Decision 5/ Part III) Status of Press Freedom and Safety of Journalists (37C/INF.4) (summary of report on World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development 23 Ethics (cont.) 19nd Executive Board examined item: Ethics and privacy in cyberspace Contains proposal to start elaboration of nonbinding normative instrument 37th General Conference will examine this proposal under item Internet related issues: including access to information and knowledge, freedom of expression, privacy and ethical dimensions of the information society 24 12

15 4. Digital Preservation 25 Digital Preservation 2012 Vancouver conference Memory of the World in the Digital Age Vancouver declaration and call for the roadmap The Hague Digital roadmap meeting 5 6 December 2013 Draft Roadmap developed 37 General Conference on strengthening of the Memory of the World program 26 13

16 5. Media and Information Literacy framework 27 Click to edit Master title style Global MIL Assessment Framework: Country Readiness and Competencies Ms Irmgarda Kasinskaite Buddeberg Knowledge Societies Division, Communication and Information Sector UNESCO Headquarters, Paris 14

17 From il 2 digital and knowledge divide New framework Professiona level Context Community level Financial Cyber security Civic education Media Internet Digital Information ICT Information Culture Other types of literacies Societal level Core MIL competencies towards trans/multiple Individual level 30 15

18 Cultural diversity Basic Internet security News Media and Information Literacy Digital Media Library Other types of Information Literacy Media and Information Literacy (MIL) is defined as a set of competencies that empowers citizens to access, retrieve, understand, evaluate, create, use and share information in any format, using various tools such as ICTs, in a critical, ethical and effective way, in order to contribute, participate and engage in personal, professional and societal activities. MIL empowers people to exercise their universal rights and fundamental freedoms: freedom of expression and access to information. 16

19 Rational for the development of UNESCO Global MIL Assessment Framework Too often, development efforts have been hampered by a lack of the most basic data about the social and economic circumstances in which people live... Stronger monitoring and evaluation at all levels, and in all processes of development (from planning to implementation) will help guide decision making, update priorities and ensure accountability. Post 2015 Development Agenda. Bali Communiqué of the High Level Panel, March MIL country readiness and competencies? 17

20 MIL Country Readiness and Key Competencies Tier 1 : MIL Country Readiness assessment of a level of country s readiness to uptake MIL initiatives Tier 2 : MIL Competency Assessment (skills, knowledge, attitudes) individual competencies of teacher in service and in training / any citizen in formal and non-formal education system Six categories to assess enabling environment: 1. Media and information education 2. MIL policy 3. Media and information supply 4. Media and information access and use 5. Civil society Competency component 1: Access - Retrieval of Media and Information Competency component 2: Understanding and Evaluation of Media and Information Competency component 3: Use - Create Communicate Media and Information Profile Example (competencies): Access and Retrieval of Information and Media Content Proficiency level MIL person is able to determine and articulate the nature, role and scope of information and media content through a variety of resources MIL person is able to search and locate information and media content. MIL person is able to access needed information and media content effectively, efficiently and ethically as well as media and information providers. MIL person is able retrieve and temporally hold information and media content using a variety of methods and tools. Advanced Intermediate 13 performance criterion 9 performance criterion Basic 8 performance criterion performance criterion Competence Definition and articulation Search and location Access Retrieval and storage MIL mention Note: 3 MIL components include 114 performance criteria, three levels of proficiency: multiple-latent trait metho 18

21 Delivery method Administration and analysis costs Cost of Design and Development For small data sets For large data sets Paper & Pencil Test Computer Adaptive Testing Mixed test Off-line Online Semi online Design costs MIL Assessment Framework - national adapta Data processing and editing Data analysis, dissemination and archiving 19

22 How MIL is promoted as an international framework Recommendations Strategy(s) Programmes and projects Tools, resources and services Declarations Strategic policy framework(s) Research Capacity building Proclamation Actions Advocacy, cooperation Networks, partnerships and support Understanding Information Literacy A Primer 2008 Towards IL Indicators, 2008 Towards MIL Indicators, 2010 MIL Curriculum for Teachers2011 Information Literacy Worldwide Resources 2013 Online course on MIL and Intercultural Dialogue in process Global MIL Assessment Framework 2013 To be published MIL Policy & Strategy Guidelines 2013 To be published University Network on Media and Information Literacy and Intercultural Dialogue International events: Fez 2011, Moscow 2012, Abuja 2013 WSIS Online Community Information Literacy 40 20

23 Dr. Irmgarda Kasinskaite Buddeberg, Programme Specialist, Knowledge Societies, Communication & Information Sector, UNESCO Mr Alton Grizzle, Programme Specialist, Freedom of Expression & Media, Communication & Information Sector, UNESCO and information/mediadevelopment/media /mil as composite concept/ 41 21