Provide a perspective on the wide range of processes involved in human information behavior

Transcription

1 Syllabus for the Course 16:194:612 HUMAN INFORMATION BEHAVIOR Professor Marija Dalbello SCILS -- Rutgers University I. Catalog Description Precursors to, and characteristics of, human information seeking behavior, individual and social, both within and outside of institutional information systems. Critical examination of the research in human information behavior, that is in interactions between people, the various forms of information, and the situations or contexts in which they interact. Theories, models, and methods used. Seminal authors and works. Relation between such behavior and information system design and relevant technologies. II. Prerequisites: 16:194:601 Information and Communication Processes 16:194:610 Seminar in Information Studies III. Course Objectives Provide a perspective on the wide range of processes involved in human information behavior Undertake an overview of diverse theories and models related to human information behavior, and the context of their evolution Outline the problems and issues addressed over time and contemporarily in empirical research, stressing the approaches and methods used Discern the contemporary directions, and identify disciplinary and interdisciplinary relationships and practical applications of such research, particularly in design of information systems; and Prepare to undertake research in this area At the end of the course, students should be able to: Understand the evolution, directions, and interdisciplinary nature of scholarship in human information behavior Analyze critically works and trends in human information behavior research Develop their own research project

2 IV. Organization of the Course Part I Perspectives on Human Information Behavior 1. Basic Phenomena and processes under study. The concept of information, the relationships between information and human behavior, and the notion of human information behavior. Phenomenology. 2. Problems addressed over time. Disciplinary and interdisciplinary relationships through problems. Role and impact of technology on development of this area and relationship to information system design. Part II Theoretical Structures 3. Key theoretical concepts in library and information science research as applied to studies of human information behavior. Notion of cognitive authority. Knowledge dynamics of groups. Social processes. 4. Theories on why people seek information - cognitively based; Anomalous State of Knowledge; Sense making; Classification of information needs; Information poverty. 5. Theories involving broader constructs: social construction; communicative action; diffusion of innovations; ecological theory. Distributed cognition. Reproducing the past - social circulation of memory, culture, experience. Part III Information Seeking and Searching 6. Information seeking models; empirical studies on how people seek information. 7. Models and empirical studies on how people search for information in the context of information retrieval, digital libraries, and the web. 8. Studies in human-computer interaction. Relevance related studies. Part IV Studies of Human Information Behavior Contexts 9. Human information behavior in science and technology, medicine and health 10. Human information behavior in professions and government. 11. Human information behavior in arts, humanities, and education. Part V Human Information Behavior in Everyday Life and Society 12. Use of information resources and information in variety of social contexts. Theory of life in the round. Information behavior of workers. Information and poverty.

3 13. Characteristics and requirements of information society; Global aspects and information. The Informatics Turn and HIB (Museum, Health, Community, Social Informatics). Emergence of social informatics and role in studies of human information behavior. V. Major Assignments REQUIRED TEXTS: Fisher, K.E, Erdelez, S. & McKechnie, L. (2005) Theories of Information Behavior. Medham, NJ: Information Today. ADDITIONAL TEXTS (as assigned for presentation): Bijker, W.A. (1994). Of bicycles, bakelites, and bulbs: toward a theory of sociotechnical change. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Halbwachs, M. (1992). On collective memory. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. (Originally published in 1941.) Hutchins, E. (1994). Cognition in the wild. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Latour, B. (1996). Aramis or the love of technology. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Rogers, E. M., & Rogers, E. (2003). Diffusion of innovations. 5 th ed. New York: Free Press. (Originally published in 1962.) Urban, G. (2001). Metaculture: how culture moves through the world. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. VI. Methods of Assessment Class Discussion and Critical Summaries Presentation Research Project Paper Research Project Presentations 40% of final grade 10% of final grade 40% of final grade 10% of final grade VII. Course Readings Agosto, D.E. & Hughes-Hassell, S. (2005). People, places, and questions: an investigation of the everyday life information-seeking behaviors of urban young adults. Library and Information Science Research 27 (12):

4 Anderson, C., Glassman, M., McAfee, R., & Pinelli, T. (2001). An investigation of factors affecting how engineers and scientists seek information. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management 18 (2): Bates, M. (1989). The design of browsing and berrypicking techniques for the online search interface. Online Review 13 (5): Bates, M.J. (2002). The Getty end-user online searching project in the humanities: Report no. 6: Overview and conclusions. College & Research Libraries 57 (6): Bates, M. J., Wilde, D.N., & Siegfried, S.L. (1993). An analysis of search terminology used by humanists: the Getty Online Search Project report number 1. Library Quarterly 63 (1): Belkin, N.J., Oddy, R.N. & Brooks, H.M. (1982) ASK for information retrieval. Part I: Background and theory. Journal of Documentation, 38 (2), Belkin, N.J. (1980). Anomalous states of knowledge as a basis for information retrieval. Canadian Journal of Information Science 5: Bijker, W.A. (1994) Of bicycles, bakelites, and bulbs: toward a theory of sociotechnical change. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Brown, C.M. (1999). Information seeking behavior of scientists in the electronic information age: Astronomers, chemists, mathematicians, and physicists. Journal of the American Society for Information Science 50 (10): Budd, J.M. (2005). Phenomenology and information studies. Journal of Documentation 61 (1): Byström, K, & Järvelin, K.. (1995). Task complexity affects information seeking and use. Information Processing & Management 31 (2), Case, D.O. (1991). Conceptual organization and retrieval of text by historians: The role of memory and metaphor. Journal of the American Society for Information Science 42 (9): Chatman, E.A. (1996). The impoverished life-world of outsiders. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 47 (3): Davis, P.M. (2004). Information-seeking behavior of chemists: a transaction log analysis of referral URLs. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 55(4): de Tiratel, S. R. (2000). Accessing information use by humanists and social scientists: A study at the Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. The Journal of Academic Librarianship 26 (5):

5 Dervin, B., & Nilan, M. (1986). Information needs and uses. In M. E. Williams (Ed.), Annual Review of Information Science and Technology 21, White Plains, NY: Knowledge Industry Publs. Dilevko, J. (2000). My mother can't quite understand why I decided to go to library school: What patrons say about library staff when asking government documents reference questions at depository libraries. Journal of Government Information 27 (3): Ellis, D., Cox, D. & Hall, K. (1993). A comparison of the information seeking patterns of researchers in the physical and social sciences. Journal of Documentation, 49 (4), Eysenbach, G., & Kohler, C. (2002, March 9). How do consumers search for and appraise health information on the world wide web? British Medical Journal 324 (7337): Fisher, K.E, Erdelez, S. & McKechnie, L. (2005) Theories of Information Behavior. Medham, NJ: Information Today. Gorman, P.N. (1995). Information needs of physicians. Journal of the American Society for Information Science 46 (10): Halbwachs, M. (1992) On Collective Memory. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. (Originally published in 1941.) Hutchins, E. (1994) Cognition in the wild. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Järvelin, K. & Ingwersen, P. (2004). Information seeking research needs extension towards tasks and technology. Information Research, 10 (1) ( Jones, P.H. (2005). Information practices and cognitive artifacts in scientific research. Cognition, Technology and Work 7 (2): Kuhlthau, C.C. (1991). Inside the search process: information seeking from the user s perspective. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 42 (6): Kuhlthau, C. C. (1993). A principle of uncertainty for information seeking. Journal of Documentation, 49 (4): Kuhlthau, C. C. & Tama, S. L. (2001). Information search process of lawyers: A call for just for me information services. Journal of Documentation 57 (1): Latour, B. (1996) Aramis or the love of technology. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Leckie, G. J., Pettigrew, K.E., & Sylvain, C. (1996). Modeling the information seeking of professionals: a general model derived from research on engineers, health care professionals, and lawyers. Library Quarterly 66 (2):

6 Liaw, S.-S., Chang, W.-C., Hung, W.-H. & Huang, H.-M. (2006). Attitudes toward search engines as a learning assisted tool: Approach of Liaw and Huang's research model. Computers in Human Behavior 22(2): McKechnie, E.F. et al. (2005). How human information behaviour researchers use each other's work: a basic citation analysis study. Information Research, 10 (2) ( Olsson, M. (2007). Power/knowledge: the discursive construction of an author. Library Quarterly 77 (2): Palmer, C.L. & Neumann, L. (2002). The information work of interdisciplinary humanities scholars: exploration and translation. Library Quarterly 72 (January): Pettigrew, K.E., Fidel, R. & Bruce, H. (2001). Conceptual frameworks in information behavior. In M. E. Williams (Ed.), Annual Review of Information Science and Technology 35, Medford, NJ: Information Today. Rimmer, J., Warwick, C., Blandford, A., Gow, J., & Buchanan, G. (2007). An examination of the physical and the digital qualities of humanities research. Information Processing & Management (in press) Rogers, E. M., & Rogers, E. (2003) Diffusion of innovations. 5 th ed. New York: Free Press. (Originally published in 1962.) Ruhleder, K. (1995). Reconstructing artifacts, reconstructing work: From textual edition to on-line databank. Science, technology, & human values 20(1): Rutten L.J.F., Arora N.K., Bakos A.D., Aziz N. & Rowland J. (2005). Information needs and sources of information among cancer patients: a systematic review of research ( ). Patient Education And Counseling 57 (3): Saracevic, T. (2006). Relevance: A Review of the literature and a framework for thinking on the notion in Information Science. Part II. Advances in Librarianship 30, pp Savolainen, R. (1995). Everyday life information seeking: approaching information seeking in the context of Way of Life. Library and Information Science Research 17 (3): Schacter, J., Chung, G. & Dorr, A. (1998). Children's Internet searching on complex problems: performance and process analyses. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 49 (9): Schutz, A. (1967). The phenomenology of the social world. Tr. George Walsh and Frederick Lehnert. Chicago, IL: Northwestern University Press. (Originally published in 1932.) (selections)

7 Sheldrick Ross, C. (1999). Finding without seeking: the information encounter in the context of reading for pleasure. Information Processing & Management 35 (1999): Spink, A., et al. (2006). Multitasking during Web search sessions. Information Processing & Management, 42 (1), Stefl-Mabry, J. (2005). The reality of media preferences: do professional groups vary in awareness? Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 56 (13): Talja, S., Keso, H. & Peitilainen, T. (1999). The production of 'context' in information seeking research: A metatheoretical view. Information Processing & Management, 35 (6): Urban, G. (2001). Metaculture: how culture moves through the world. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. Vaughan, M.W., & Dillon, A. (2006). Why structure and genre matter for users of digital information: a longitudinal experiment with readers of a web-based newspaper. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 64: Wilson, P. (1983). Second hand knowledge; Cognitive authority. In P. Wilson, Second-hand knowledge: An inquiry into cognitive authority (p. vii-viii, 13-37, , 120) Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Wilson, T.D. (1994). Information needs and uses: fifty years of progress, in: B.C. Vickery, (Ed.), Fifty years of information progress: a Journal of Documentation review, (pp ) London: Aslib. ( Wilson, T.D. (1999). Models in information behaviour research. Journal of Documentation, 55 (3), Zach, L. (2005). When is enough enough? Modeling the information-seeking and stopping behavior of senior arts administrators. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 56 (1): Based on syllabus developed by T. Saracevic.

8 16:194:612 HUMAN INFORMATION BEHAVIOR (3) Professor Marija Dalbello SCILS -- Rutgers University (732) / 8215 dalbello@scils.rutgers.edu Office hours: Thursdays 2:30-4:30 (by appointment) Class time: Mondays, 3:10-5:50 Rm. 101, SCILS Huntington House (184 College Avenue) Course website: Course electronic list: You are automatically subscribed to the listserv with your official Rutgers account. To send a message, address it to: HIB_2008@rams.rutgers.edu. (If you are using another account, please change your address via the Rutgers directory.) Textbooks: The textbook is available from required texts can be ordered from amazon.com (used) or directly from ASIST ( Electronic files of articles are available through Rutgers electronic library. Some of the assigned readings will be distributed by the instructor. Weekly schedule: Week 1 Jan. 28 Introduction to the class Overview of course and expectations Part I PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN INFORMATION BEHAVIOR Week 2 Feb. 4 Basic phenomena and processes Information and human behavior Phenomenology TIB Introduction Ch. 1 & 2 Budd; McKechnie et al.; Olsson; Wilson (1999) Week 3 Feb. 11 Problems addressed Disciplinary / Interdisciplinary Connections

9 TIB Introduction Ch. 3, Theories 16 (Dervin) Dervin & Nilan; Pettigrew, Fidel & Bruce; Wilson (1994) Part II THEORETICAL STRUCTURES Week 4 Feb. 18 Key theoretical concepts Cognitive Authority Individual / Social level TIB Theories 10, 11, 38 (Kuhlthau) Kuhlthau (1993); Wilson, P.; Talja, Keso & Peitilainen Week 5 Feb. 25 (Cognitivist) Theories of humans seeking information Classifying information-related behaviors Information Poverty TIB Theories 2 (ASK), 21 (Ellis), 19 Belkin (1980; 1982); Byström & Järvelin Preliminary Research Project Proposals Week 6 March 3 General theories and approaches Reproducing the Past TIB Theories 53, 58, 63, 64 Schutz (selections) Presentations Hutchins; Bijker or Rogers; Latour; Halbwachs or Urban Part III INFORMATION SEEKING AND SEARCHING Week 7 March 10 Information seeking models and empirical studies TIB Theories 6, 50, 69 Järvelin & Ingwersen; Wilson (1999) March 17 (no class Spring recess)

10 Week 8 March 24 Information searching Empirical studies in technology contexts TIB Theories 5 (Bates), 35 (Ingwersen), 72 Bates (1989); Kuhlthau (1991); Schacter, Chung & Dorr; Spink Week 9 March 31 Studies in Human-Computer Interaction Relevance Vaughan & Dillon; Saracevic additional readings to be assigned by guest speaker Part IV STUDIES OF HUMAN INFORMATION BEHAVIOR CONTEXTS Week 10 April 7 HIB in Science and Technology, Medicine and Health read four studies of your choice (consult list below) Project Progress Reports Week 11 April 14 HIB in professions and government Week 12 April 21 HIB in Arts & Humanities Dilevko; Kuhlthau & Tama; Leckie, Pettigrew & Sylvain read four studies of your choice (consult list below) Part V HUMAN INFORMATION BEHAVIOR IN EVERYDAY LIFE AND SOCIETY Week 13 April 28 HIB in social contexts Information and Poverty TIB Theories 59, 60, 62, 55 Agosto & Hughes-Hassell; Chatman; Savolainen; Ross Week 14 May 5 Information society; Global / Local perspective

11 Week 15 May 12 Conclusion The Informatics turn and HIB (Social, Cultural, Museum, Health, etc.) readings to be assigned Research Projects Due Project Presentations Selected Background Readings: These readings include your weekly assigned reading. Additional titles may be added or substituted as the course progresses. References to the textbook are integrated with the weekly schedule and are not repeated here. Weekly Assigned Readings: Part I PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN INFORMATION BEHAVIOR Week 2: Basic Phenomena and Processes; Information and Human Behavior; Phenomenology Budd, J.M. (2005). Phenomenology and Information Studies. Journal of Documentation 61 (1): McKechnie, E.F. et al. (2005). How human information behaviour researchers use each other's work: a basic citation analysis study. Information Research 10 (2) ( Olsson, M. (2007). Power/knowledge: the discursive construction of an author. Library Quarterly 77 (2): Wilson, T.D. (1999). Models in information behaviour research. Journal of Documentation 55 (3): Week 3: Problems Addressed; Disciplinary / Interdisciplinary Connections Dervin, B., & Nilan, M. (1986). Information needs and uses. In M. E. Williams (Ed.), Annual Review of Information Science and Technology 21, White Plains, NY: Knowledge Industry Publishers.

12 Pettigrew, K.E., Fidel, R. & Bruce, H. (2001). Conceptual frameworks in information behavior. In M. E. Williams (Ed.), Annual Review of Information Science and Technology 35, Medford, NJ: Information Today. Wilson, T.D. (1994). Information needs and uses: fifty years of progress, in: B.C. Vickery, (Ed.), Fifty years of information progress: a Journal of Documentation review, (pp ) London: Aslib. ( Part II THEORETICAL STRUCTURES Week 4: Key Theoretical Concepts; Cognitive Authority; Individual / Social Levels Kuhlthau, C. C. (1993). A principle of uncertainty for information seeking. Journal of Documentation, 49 (4): Talja, S., Keso, H. & Peitilainen, T. (1999). The production of 'context' in information seeking research: A metatheoretical view. Information Processing & Management, 35 (6): Wilson, P. (1983). Second hand knowledge; Cognitive authority. In P. Wilson, Second-hand knowledge: An inquiry into cognitive authority (p.vii-viii, 13-37, , 120) Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Week 5: Cognitivist Theories of Information Seeking; Classifying Information-Related Behaviors; Information Poverty Belkin, N.J., Oddy, R.N. & Brooks, H.M. (1982) ASK for information retrieval. Part I: Background and theory. Journal of Documentation, 38 (2), Belkin, N.J. (1980). Anomalous states of knowledge as a basis for information retrieval. Canadian Journal of Information Science 5: Byström, K, & Järvelin, K.. (1995). Task complexity affects information seeking and use. Information Processing & Management 31 (2), Week 6: General Theories and Approaches; Reproducing the Past Schutz, A. (1967) The phenomenology of the social world. Tr. George Walsh and Frederick Lehnert. Chicago, IL: Northwestern University Press. (Originally published in 1932.) (selections) Presentations: Bijker, W.A. (1994) Of bicycles, bakelites, and bulbs: toward a theory of sociotechnical change. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

13 Halbwachs, M. (1992). On collective memory. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. (Originally published in 1941.) Hutchins, E. (1994). Cognition in the wild. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Latour, B. (1996). Aramis or the love of technology. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Rogers, E. M., & Rogers, E. (2003). Diffusion of innovations. 5 th ed. New York: Free Press. (Originally published in 1962.) Urban, G. (2001). Metaculture: how culture moves through the world. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. Part III INFORMATION SEEKING AND SEARCHING Week 7: Information Seeking Models and Empirical Studies Järvelin, K. & Ingwersen, P. (2004). Information seeking research needs extension towards tasks and technology. Information Research, 10 (1) ( Wilson, T.D. (1999). Models in information behaviour research. Journal of Documentation, 55 (3), March 17 (no class Spring recess) Week 8: Empirical Studies in Technology Contexts Bates, M. (1989). The design of browsing and berrypicking techniques for the online search interface. Online Review, 13 (5): Kuhlthau, C. (1991). Inside the Search Process: information seeking from the user s perspective. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 42 (6): Schacter, J., Chung, G. & Dorr, A. (1998). Children's Internet searching on complex problems: performance and process analyses. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 49 (9): Spink, A., et al. (2006). Multitasking during Web search sessions. Information Processing & Management, 42 (1),

14 Week 9: Studies in Human-Computer Interaction; Relevance Vaughan, M.W., & Dillon, A. (2006). Why structure and genre matter for users of digital information: a longitudinal experiment with readers of a web-based newspaper. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 64: Saracevic, T. (2006). Relevance: A Review of the literature and a framework for thinking on the notion in Information Science. Part II. Advances in Librarianship 30, pp Part IV STUDIES OF HUMAN INFORMATION BEHAVIOR CONTEXTS Week 10: HIB in Science and Technology, Medicine and Health Anderson, C., Glassman, M., McAfee, R., & Pinelli, T. (2001). An investigation of factors affecting how engineers and scientists seek information. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management 18 (2): Brown, C.M. (1999). Information seeking behavior of scientists in the electronic information age: astronomers, chemists, mathematicians, and physicists. Journal of the American Society for Information Science 50 (10): Davis, P.M. (2004). Information-seeking behavior of chemists: a transaction log analysis of referral URLs. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 55(4): Ellis, D., Cox, D. & Hall, K. (1993). A comparison of the information seeking patterns of researchers in the physical and social sciences. Journal of Documentation, 49 (4), Eysenbach, G., & Kohler, C. (2002, March 9). How do consumers search for and appraise health information on the world wide web? British Medical Journal 324 (7337): Gorman, P.N. (1995). Information needs of physicians. Journal of the American Society for Information Science 46 (10): Jones, P.H. (2005). Information practices and cognitive artifacts in scientific research. Cognition, Technology and Work 7 (2): Liaw, S.-S., Chang, W.-C., Hung, W.-H. & Huang, H.-M. (2006). Attitudes toward search engines as a learning assisted tool: Approach of Liaw and Huang's research model. Computers in Human Behavior,22(2), Rutten L.J.F., Arora N.K., Bakos A.D., Aziz N. & Rowland J. (2005). Information needs and sources of information among cancer patients: a systematic review of research ( ). Patient Education And Counseling 57 (3):

15 Week 11: HIB in Professions and Government Dilevko, J. (2000). My mother can't quite understand why I decided to go to library school: What patrons say about library staff when asking government documents reference questions at depository libraries. Journal of Government Information 27 (3): Kuhlthau, C. C. & Tama, S. L. (2001). Information search process of lawyers: A call for just for me information services. Journal of Documentation 57 (1): Leckie, G. J., Pettigrew, K.E., & Sylvain, C. (1996). Modeling the information seeking of professionals: a general model derived from research on engineers, health care professionals, and lawyers. Library Quarterly 66 (2): Week 12: HIB in Arts & Humanities Bates, M.J. (2002). The Getty end-user online searching project in the humanities: Report no. 6: Overview and conclusions. College & Research Libraries 57 (6): Bates, M. J., Wilde, D.N., & Siegfried, S.L. (1993). An analysis of search terminology used by humanists: the Getty Online Search Project report number 1. Library Quarterly 63 (1): Case, D.O. (1991). Conceptual organization and retrieval of text by historians: The role of memory and metaphor. Journal of the American Society for Information Science 42 (9): de Tiratel, S. R. (2000). Accessing information use by humanists and social scientists: A study at the Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. The Journal of Academic Librarianship 26 (5): Palmer, C.L. & Neumann, L. (2002). The information work of interdisciplinary humanities scholars: exploration and translation. Library Quarterly 72 (January): Rimmer, J., Warwick, C., Blandford, A., Gow, J., & Buchanan, G. (2007). An examination of the physical and the digital qualities of humanities research. Information Processing & Management (in press) Ruhleder, K. (1995). Reconstructing artifacts, reconstructing work: From textual edition to on-line databank. Science, Technology, & Human Values 20(1): Stefl-Mabry, J. (2005) The reality of media preferences: Do professional groups vary in awareness? Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 56 (13): Zach, L. (2005). When is enough enough? Modeling the information-seeking and stopping behavior of senior arts administrators. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 56 (1):

16 Part V HUMAN INFORMATION BEHAVIOR IN EVERYDAY LIFE AND SOCIETY Week 13: HIB in Social Contexts; Information and Poverty Agosto, D.E. & Hughes-Hassell, S. (2005). People, places, and questions: an investigation of the everyday life information-seeking behaviors of urban young adults. Library and Information Science Research 27 (12): Chatman, E.A. (1996). The impoverished life-world of outsiders. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 47 (3): Savolainen, R. (1995). Everyday life information seeking: approaching information seeking in the context of Way of Life. Library and Information Science Research 17 (3): Sheldrick Ross, C. (1999). Finding without seeking: the information encounter in the context of reading for pleasure. Information Processing & Management 35 (1999): Week 14: Information Society; Global / Local; The Informatics Turn in HIB readings to be assigned