Collision Avoidance. A Discussion. October 6 th, 2014 Andrew Scott Senior Director, Mining Information Technology Barrick Gold Corporation

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1 Collision Avoidance A Discussion October 6 th, 2014 Andrew Scott Senior Director, Mining Information Technology Barrick Gold Corporation Chair, Global Mining Standards and Guidelines

2 Barrick Gold Corporation 2

Worldwide Operations Operating 22 mines in 11

Donlin Creek Lawlers Plutonic W E S T E R N A U S

Kalgoorlie Porgera Cowal Cortez 0 km 100 Turquoise

N E V A D A Round Mountain 1 major projects on

Lagunas Norte Pierina Pueblo Viejo 0 km Zaldívar C

Kabanga Tulawaka 100 A R G E N T I N A Pascua-Lama

3 Worldwide Operations Operating 22 mines in 11 countries 15 Barrick Gold Corporation Mine Project Donlin Creek Lawlers Plutonic W E S T E R N A U S T R A L I A Granny Smith 0 km 100 Kanowna Darlot Kalgoorlie Porgera Cowal Cortez 0 km 100 Turquoise Ridge Goldstrike Marigold Bald Mountain Ruby Hill N E V A D A Round Mountain 1 major projects on hold 3 20, 000+ employees Golden Sunlight Hemlo Lagunas Norte Pierina Pueblo Viejo 0 km Zaldívar C H I L E Cerro Casale 0 km African Barrick Gold Kabanga Tulawaka 100 A R G E N T I N A Pascua-Lama Veladero 200 T A N Z A N I A North Mara Bulyanhulu Buzwagi Reko Diq

4 4 Our Story

5 Safety Technology Methodology for Implementation of Safety & Health Technologies EVALUATION PLAN REVIEW ACT IMPLEMENTATION DO CHECK MONITOR THE SUSTAINABILITY 5

6 Process Evaluation (Plan)- Data and facts gathering (RIMS) Root Cause Analysis Research of available technologies that may mitigate the problem Desktop analysis to identify the highest potential technologies Field evaluation of the top rated technologies Stake holders management: expectations and ambitions Pilot the best performing technology from the Field Study Implementation (Do)- Change Management Monitor the Sustainability (Check)- Data collection Track the reliability and maintainability of the technology Trending of operator behavior & incident frequency Feedback from operators. Review (Act)- Continuous Improvement initiatives to enhance the current solution Analysis of other similar or better competitive technology solutions 6

7 What is the Problem? Statistical incident & desktop analysis, along with field evaluation tests, confirm the following issues to be addressed for mobile equipment interactions: Unwanted events occur mostly in the following categories Metal to Metal Low speed 3-5 mph Reversing or start-up Overall challenge is reduced visibility due to manufactured design 7

8 REDUCED VISIBILITY = INCREASED RISK Blind Spots on Haulage Equipment 8

9 REDUCED VISIBILITY = INCREASED RISK 9

10 REDUCED VISIBILITY = INCREASED RISK Blind Spots Underground Articulated Truck 10

11 REDUCED VISIBILITY = INCREASED RISK Sample Pictures of Blind Spots Side - Copco 60 Ton & worker 5 feet 11

12 REDUCED VISIBILITY = INCREASED RISK Sample Pictures of Blind Spots Rear - Copco 60 Ton & worker at 20 feet 12

13 REDUCED VISIBILITY = INCREASED RISK Sample Pictures of Blind Spots Side - Copco 60 Ton & worker at 50 feet 13

14 Multiple detection methods

15 Summary of Technologies Type Advantages Disadvantages Sensing Method Infrared: passive Infrared: active Capacitive Ultrasonic pulse Good for long distances in fog Good for long distances in fog. Measures vehicle speed Compact and easy to install Compact and easy to install Accuracy issues with heavy snow and rain Environmental concerns affecting accuracy include temperature, dust, and water sprays Needs clean environment All objects trigger alarm,. Temperature, humidity, air turbulence, target surface, smoothness, target size, angle of incidence, and external noise sources cause accuracy problems. Detects object or person presence by heat energy radiation Emits laser beam to ground. Detects reduced time of reflection by objects in path Detects change in capacitance due to object in detection zone Detects change in time-offlight reflection due to object in detection zone. 15

16 Summary of Technologies Cont d 16 Type Advantages Disadvantages Sensing Method Radar: pulsed Radar Doppler RFID: passive RFID: Active GPS Compact and easy to install Compact and easy to install. Measures vehicle speed. Inexpensive and easy to install Longer range than passive RFID Accurate; covers wide areas All objects trigger the alarm. Snow and ice buildup and angle of incidence accuracy issue Cannot detect stopped objects. Snow and ice buildup issues. Generally short range. No range information. Orientation sensivility. Requires battery in tag. Orientation sensitivity. Requires a radio network infrastructure. Only works on the surface Measures time-of-flight of a pulse that is transmitted and then reflected off of objects in detection zone Detects a frequency shift in generated signal due to object in detection zone A nonpowered tag detects generated radio signal. A battery-powered tag detects generated radio signal. A receiver detects satellite signals and triangulates position, transmits location to other vehicles/personnel via radio

17 Summary of Technologies Cont d Type Advantages Disadvantages Sensing Method Video cameras Magnetic: passive Magnetic: active Simplicity. Compact and easy to install. Great accuracy over short distances. Operator must observe monitor. Limited field of view. Accuracy issues when metallic objects in field. Only receiver in detection zone triggers alarms. Vehicle operator monitors objects in blind spots on cab-mounted monitor. Detects change in Earth s magnetic field when objects enter detection zone. A transmitter provides a marker signal. A receiver measures signal strength and provides alarms. Source: NIOSH Mining Safety and Health Content Engineering Considerations and Selection Criteria for Proximity Warning Systems for Mining Operations CDC NIOSH,

18 Technology Evaluation Matrix 18

19 19 What is Collision Avoidance?

20 Evolution of CAS Technology - PAT Stage 1- Proximity Awareness Technology (PAT) Technologies that help to identify converging vehicles, personnel or infrastructure Back-up Alarms, Reverse Cameras, Horn Signals, 2-way radios 20

Evolution of CAS Technology - PDT Stage 2 - Proximity Detection Technology Devices

Reversing camera with distance alarm, RFV tags, electro-magnetic fields, laser

define that "something" is there (i.e. in it's detection zone) 2.

21 Evolution of CAS Technology - PDT Stage 2 - Proximity Detection Technology Devices that actively scan for other vehicles or personnel and warn of their presence Reversing camera with distance alarm, RFV tags, electro-magnetic fields, laser scanner, radar, GPS detection) Proximity detection must 1. define that "something" is there (i.e. in it's detection zone) 2. define "what is there" i.e. a rock, another vehicle, a person, etc 3. define "where it is" exactly. 4. maintain it's own integrity, self diagnose, self calibrate, self validate it is working correctly and accurate. In other words, establish a "failsafe" operating condition. Mine Safety Round Table 21

22 Evolution of CAS Technology - SAT Number of Hazard Events Logged Per Shift Haul Truck Forklift Truck Dozer Loader Grader Haul Truck Dozer Loader Truck Forklift Haul Truck Forklift Truck Loader Dozer Stage 3 - Safety Adherence Technology (Data Monitoring) Technologies that effectively track and record driver behavior and performance of equipment for post-event analysis and training Wi-Fi connectivity, event server data base, web-based interface Fleet Hazard Events - Night Shift 2/2/2014 2/3/2014 2/4/ Total Night

23 Evolution of CAS Technology - CAS Stage 4 - Collision Avoidance System The combination of technologies PAT, PDT SAT, & CAT that form a system GPS, Radar, Cameras, dynamic & static detection zones 23

24 Evolution of CAS Technology - CAT Stage 5 - Collision Avoidance Technology Device/s that actively scan for other vehicles or personnel and take automatic action to render the equipment to a safe state Vehicle control with the use of PDT devices Stage 6 Autonomous Mining Technology that can be operated outside of the cab with minimal human interaction Controlled by mine traffic control operating center from a web-interface 24

25 Timing Dimensions 25

26 Whole of Mine Traffic Control 26

27 Related activities other stories

28 Vehicle Interaction Management Workshop 23 rd 25 th September 2014 Northparkes Mine, Parkes NSW, Australia Objectives: To bring together the collective work being done by individual companies and by working together develop an industry position on the design requirements for vehicle interaction controls. To develop understanding and information that helps both companies and sites manage the selection of collision management technology to reduce vehicle interaction risks. To produce information suitable for EMESRT in its process of engaging major OEMs and designers about industry needs and design goals for new technology. Approximately 30 individuals attended the workshop representing the following organizations: Anglo American, Barrick, CSA Mine, CSIRO, Glencore, Newcrest, Northparkes Mine/CMOC, Peabody, Rio Tinto and the University of Queensland.

29 South African Draft Regulations Surface Mines Equipment The employer must take reasonably practicable measures to ensure that persons are prevented from being injured as a result of collisions between diesel powered trackless mobile machines. At any opencast or open pit mine where there is a significant risk of such collisions, such measures must include: Every diesel powered trackless mobile machine must be provided with means to automatically detect the presence of any other diesel powered trackless mobile machine within its vicinity and: 1.2.1(a) upon detecting the presence of another diesel powered trackless mobile machine, the operators of both diesel powered trackless mobile machines shall be warned of each other s presence by means of an effective warning; and in the event where no action is taken to prevent potential collision, further means shall be provided to retard the diesel powered trackless mobile machine to a safe speed where after the brakes of the diesel powered trackless mobile machine are automatically applied. The system on the diesel powered trackless mobile machine must fail to safety without human intervention. Will allow a period of grace until technology is available

30 MDG 2007 Australian (NSW) Guidelines MDG 2007 published in Feb 2014 sets out general things to consider A clear expectation that a process will be used to establish the need for & implementation of appropriate safeguards to control the risk of hazardous interactions

31 MDG 2007 Australian (NSW) Guidelines SAT Safety Adherence Technology PAT Proximity Awareness Technology PDT Proximity Detection Technology CAT Collision Avoidance Technology Site Risk Assessment to define what level of control is required

32 Incident Analysis - Scenarios Generic scenarios from last EMESRT workshop in Brisbane

33 Scope

34 EMERST Workshop outcomes ACTION 1: EMESRT will develop one or more Design Philosophies to cover Visibility Assistance, Proximity Assistance and Intervention Control before the end of The final information will be used in future EMESRT engagements with OEMs and other 3 rd party designers. EMESRT Design Philosophy documents are intended for use in discussion with OEMs and designers.

35 EMERST Workshop outcomes ACTION 2: A Working Group will be established with initial setup assistance and representation from EMESRT to develop a resource to assist companies and sites with identifying their requirements and developing specifications for technology to address Visibility Assistance, Proximity Assistance and Intervention Controls. The 1 st meeting will ideally be in October. The role of the Working Group will develop a resource; possibly called the Vehicle Interaction User Requirements Development Tool. Their work may include the design of resource structure, development of content, distribution for content review and finalization, plus communication of the final resource to the appropriate users.

36 EMERST Workshop outcomes Related feedback in the team exercises suggested the following work to be completed: To identify the Scenarios (the problem / need) the resource should; Decide on generic mining, specific to mining type, based on mining processes or in even more detail Map scenarios to the performance information Define the problem statements for each of the control types before the control objectives To test the Performance Requirements, the have to have should be identified and reviewed against the current top available technologies (5 or 6) a desktop exercise Ensure the Performance Requirements are technology neutral

37 Other work going on ACARP Project C22012: Proximity Detection Device Open Specification Primary Outcomes The primary outcomes expected for this project are interoperable products from any collision avoidance or proximity detection vendor; and a developed set of communications standards required for a device to interact with another within the Collision Avoidance System (CAS). Secondary Outcomes The project also aims to increase operator safety through promoting the uptake of proximity detection and collision avoidance systems in Australian underground coal mines. Furthermore, to identify technology gaps within existing proximity detection systems and collision avoidance systems. The project also aims to encourage investment in the development of both collision avoidance systems and the technologies used within them.

38 ACARP Project C22012: Proximity Detection Device Open Specification The LASC Interoperability Specification for Collision Avoidance (LISCA) aims to introduce an open communications standard for underground collision avoidance systems to achieve product interoperability between plant OEMs and proximity detection and collision avoidance system OEMs. This will help to reduce costs in implementation of these systems, enhance plug-n-play between systems, and increase the uptake of such systems in the industry.

40 Components

41 Wiring standard

42 For more information contact Mark Dunn at CSIRO

43 From our perspective We have to work together. No one company or organization Can do it on their own Consortiums and partnerships is the necessary reality

44 Working together to bring it all together for the benefit of the industry Regulators Researchers OTM s OEM s Mining Companies Service Providers Standards Organizations ISO, IEEE, SAE..

45 Questions / Comments

EMESRT. a Safety by Design initiative operated by the global mining industry. Vehicle Interaction

EMESRT. a Safety by Design initiative operated by the global mining industry. Vehicle Interaction EMESRT a Safety by Design initiative operated by the global mining industry Vehicle Interaction EMESRT Purpose Accelerate development and adoption of leading practice designs to minimise the risk to Health