Vol. 6 No. 2 November December 2014 E-ISSN

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1 Thailand Research Fund Vol. 6 No. 2 November December 2014 E-ISSN Mural Painting of Ancient Remains with Community Product for Lively Ancient City of Nan Province Yupawadee Nisawaanutarapan Action Research for Developing Handicraft Products of Mlabri Tribe Youth, Phufah Pattana Center, Bor Gleua District, Nan Province Phairot Vorapojpornchai Knowledge Management in Community for PhutsaSetthi (Indian jujube) Production Management in Long District, Phrae Province Aphichat Chidburee The Way to Develop the Management About the Result of Knowledge at Trok Ban Chin in Rahaeng Sub-district, Muang District, Tak Province Nakarin Namjaidee Community-based Research on Tourism Carrying Capacity in Tham Pla Village, Chiang Rai Province Chooglin Ounvijit A Study of Environmental Community Management in Bandu Municipality : Case Study in Pongprabaht Community Forest Management Ranida Pingmoung The Effects of 100% Recycle Project with the Participatory of Solid Waste Management Behavior : Case Study Ban Kla Koa, Muangprasat Sub-district, Non Sung District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province Rattapong Kasemsuk Article No Article No Article No Article No Article No Article No Article No

2 Article No Mural Painting of Ancient Remains with Community Product for Lively Ancient City of Nan Province Yupawadee Nisawaanutarapan Visual Art Program, School of Social Sciences, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Muang District, Chiangrai Province, Thailand The research entitled Mural Painting of Ancient Remains with Community Product for Lively Ancient City of Nan Province aimed to study the culture capital in terms of mural painting to develop to be community product of Nan province and to use the culture capital in terms of mural painting to develop to be community product of Nan province. The population of the study consisted of producers and sellers of souvenirs with the identity of Nan province. The research instruments were interview form and evaluation form and then the data form the interview was analyzed and presented in the descriptive form. The results of the study was found that the result from the initial data collection by field visit at Kad Kong Noi walking street (Kad Ban Kao) KauWieng Tai appeared that there were two groups of souvenir. The first group was painting on handmade products such as stone, sa paper, old piece of wood, and etc. The second group was souvenir which using the other equipment in producing on the products such as screening the design of mural painting on T- shirt, cloth bag, scarf, greeting card, and etc. However, the design of the painting appeared on the products of both groups emphasized on the mural painting of Phumin temple which was the painting of men and women expressions. The result from the focus group discussion between the research team, artist representatives and producers can be concluded that there were three types of handicrafts in community of Nan province consisted of weaving, silver and applied crafts. There were two groups of the producers consisted of the original and the new one. The problems found of both group was the same which were the copying and buying products from villagers to sell. Moreover, the tourist attractions in Nan province were scattered and souvenirs of Nan province lacked of detail of the history. Another problems found were lack of the strength of the province and the co-operation of people in Nan province in the preservation of ancient toy and the campaign of using Northern dialect. The researcher use the results from both collected data to create the pilot product to be the souvenirs of Nan province by the combination between Tai Lue weaving and the mural painting in Phumin temple and NongBua temple which focused on the picture of animal and plant. 6 new products were designed consisted of the cover of diary, hanging wall picture, picture in picture frame for wall hanging, bag for putting ipad, picture in picture frame for putting on the table and backrest pillow.

3 Article No Action Research for Developing Handicraft Products of Mlabri Tribe Youth, Phufah Pattana Center, Bor Gleua District, Nan Province Phairot Vorapojpornchai Faculty of Art and Architecture, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Muang District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand This study was a qualitative research project which used Research Methodology Workshop Method. The purposes of this study were to develop product and packaging design which still remain the identity and culture of the Mlabri tribe to add value and to pass on knowledges about product and packaging design for the Mlabri tribe. Nevertheless, this project was to response Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn s compassion and concerning of identity, lifestyle, arts and culture of the Mlabri tribe or Tong-Leuang. So that having Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna helping in the studied area where was Phu Fak Pattana Center, Bor Gleua District, Nan Province. The project participants consisted of Phu Fak Pattana Center s leader, Nan province and the 10 Mlabri tribe youths; 6 males and 4 females, from Huay Hom village, Rong Kwang District, Phrae Province. The tools used in this research were the interview, workshop, trying and making product prototypes. Analysis of synthetic data used content analysis and synthesis methods for planning about product and packaging development. The results of the study were to design 3 types of handicraft product prototypes. Those were textile products, bamboo craft products and packaging. And to conduct training courses for textile design, bamboo craft products and packaging design. The results of the Mlabri tribe products development training were to have textile products. These were bags and coasters which were very easy to make by them. The bamboo craft products were almost like the old products of the tribe such as the bamboo tube for keeping items but redesigned the cover to be easier to be used and create the pattern on the product. Spot pattern technique was used because tribes did not have the expertise of drawing. Using spot pattern technique made the products looked more beautiful. The packaging was designed as boxes and paper bags. They could use the same pattern, but with improvements and new features of the lining, but still the tribal identity. For logo, they used the pictures of 2 elders who were respected by the Mlabri tribe. They were both male and female whose faces were unique. The layout showed the tribal identity explicitly. The results of this development making the Mlabri tribe could design the handicraft products by the youths by using design principles and easy techniques to make products met the talent and skill that existed in the Mlabri tribe which made the handicraft products of Mlabri tribe youths having the beautiful pattern and the Mlabri tribe youth products could continue to be used in the craft further.

4 Article No Knowledge Management in Community for PhutsaSetthi (Indian jujube) Production Management in Long District, Phrae Province Aphichat Chidburee Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Muang District, Lampang Province, Thailand This research was the qualitative research with modify methodology by Participatory Action Research (PAR) and, was aimed to 1) elicit the know-how and experiences of community for further knowledge management of the jujube PhutsaSetthi fruit production for quality product and consumer safety in order to increase the value added of product, 2) disseminate the best knowledge and, finally to develop the curriculum of elective subject following the Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education (NFE) for other agricultural occupation in the community. The research methodology included participant observation, group discussion and the seminar in community forum. Data were received by note taking, audio recording and photography from 150 respondents of the Jujube PhutsaSetthi grower committees and the village members in 4 regions (T. Hua Thung, T. Huai O, T. Pak-Kang and T. Bo-Lek-Long) of Long district, Phrae province. The data were validated the accuracy and were analyzed using the synthesis concept framework in research. According to the research results, there were found that: (1) even though there were the explicit basic knowledge of jujube PhutsaSetthi fruit production (i.e.; cultivation, fertilizers, diseases, insects, marketing, processing and manufacturing costs) in each manufacturer, but there were no exchange or share knowledge among them which resulting in low consistency of production. Moreover, there were lacked of the development to learn new knowledge, (2) there were the expanding further knowledge of jujube PhutsaSetthi production from knowledge management such as fertilizer composting, use of the specifically fertilizer formula, irrigation, trapping of the oriental fruit fly, analysis of plant diseases, increasing of soil nutrients, use of bio-control (i.e. Trichoderma and Beauveria), incorporating with successfully enabled the community to pass on their knowledge and experiences to the other agricultural occupation groups such as rice growers and corn growers calling "Brother teach younger brother" training style and, in addition, the knowledge developed in the course of the NFE had raised the level of education and skills of 5 jujube growers. Keyword: Knowledge management, Phutsa (Indian jujube) Setthi

5 Article No The Way to Develop the Management About the Result of Knowledge at Trok Ban Chin in Rahaeng Sub-district, Muang District, Tak Province Nakarin Namjaidee Graduate School, Silpakorn University, Talingchun, Bangkok, Thailand This study is a qualitative research using the method of local historical research from documentary study and entering in the area. It is the study of all dimensions of the community from villagers, community leaders, spiritual, and religious leaders about 20 people. The objectives of this study were to understand the overview of Trok Ban Chin Community and to be able to evaluate the importance of learning resources from the historical significance criteria, site readiness criteria and the readiness of resource owner. Taking the study to process with qualitative analysis, and the descriptive data was synthesized to explain the connection of ideas, the role of the importance of the history of Trok Ban Chin, cultural resource which is concrete such as an architecture, and culture which is concrete such as a wisdom, including proposing the guidelines to manage various types of the resource appearing in Trok Ban Chin to benefit to the community, locality and country for being lifelong learning resources according to the National Education Act, B.E The study found that Trok Ban Chin Community has historical significance as the downtown area of old city Tak, it has been an important trading community along the Ping River in Tak City since the reign of King Rama IV until now. In the area of Trok Ban Chin Community, it is the location of government agencies, schools, and the establishment of telegraph poles for communication to Burma. During World War 2, the shops in Trok Ban Chin gradually went out of business. In 1961, there was the Project of Filling the Ping River for expanding Tak City, and Chomphon Road was built. It made the physical conditions of Trok Ban Chin Community changed. During the year , the Project of Preservation and Restoration of the Architecture of Trok Ban Chin Community has been initiated. The Walking Street was held and developed learning sources in the community but they have been stopped. In-depth studies had guidelines to develop 12 important points of learning resources at Trok Ban Chin, including the learning resources as a label for two points, houses for six points, temple for one point, shrine for one point, and the spirits of their ancestors for one point, which were related to history, culture, wisdom, beliefs. All these points could be the model of management that makes the important community in the past became living museums, and they are prototypes in developing the other learning resources of the community in the future. Keywords: Management, Learning Resources, Trok Ban Chin, Tak Province

6 Article No Community-based Research on Tourism Carrying Capacity in Tham Pla Village, Chiang Rai Province Chooglin Ounvijit Tourism Research and Development Center, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Muang District, Chiangrai Province, Thailand chooglino@hotmail.com This mixed method community-based research used the participatory action research methodology to study the tourism impacts and the carrying capacity of tourist places and propose approaches for local communities to manage the tourism carrying capacity. The research site was the Tham Pla temple in Tambon Pongngarm, Mae Sai district of Chiangrai province. The research population was local stakeholders. The community leaders including government leaders, village leaders, non-government organizations, monks and temple committee were purposively sampled. Forty local people including local tour operators, members of social groups and the general members of the public were included through convenience random. A total of 208 tourists visiting the site were incidentally sampled. The research process included field reconnaissance, interviews of people and tourists opinions, training on water quality monitoring, organizing forums for stakeholders, field data collection, inventory of tourism resources, and carrying capacity assessment. Qualitative data were analyzed, synthesized, categorized, and described. The quantitative data were analyzed by using frequency, percentage and standard deviation. The study revealed that (1) the negative impacts of tourism included increased water pollution and turbidity, death of fish in the stream, damage of the cave, and ransacking of waste bins and attacking of tourists by monkeys. The positive impacts were an increase of income from tourism for local villagers and the temple, better waste management, and better preparation to alert tourists of danger. (2) The physical carrying capacity of tourist places in the ThamPla indicated that the use of infrastructure including waste containers, toilets and parking space was lower than its carrying capacity. In the ecological aspect, the use of water and cave was still within their carrying capacity but the use of local fish breeds exceeded their capacity. In the social aspect, congestion in tourist places was still manageable but the problems relating to monkeys exceeded the local management capacity. In the economic aspect, the labour requirement was below the capacity level. Income for the temple and community shops was within the capacity but that for pedal boat operators exceeded the capacity. (3) For the future community-based tourism management in Tham Pla village, the community researchers suggested that four aspects and 24 indicators of local carrying capacity be considered and a mechanism be created to monitor 4 sensitive issues relating to water, waste, cave and monkeys.

7 Article No A Study of Environmental Community Management in Bandu Municipality : Case Study in Pongprabaht Community Forest Management Ranida Pingmoung School of Social Sciences, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Muang District, Chiangrai Province, Thailand chidburee@rmutl.ac.th This is a participatory action research that aims to study three important objectives for protecting, conserving and sustaining the community forest well being of the Pongprabaht community forest in Chiangrai Province. The objectives include the following: 1) to study the important aspects and applied procedures of community management used by the stakeholders of the Pongprabaht community forest 2) to define the demarcation of the community forest area, and 3) to offer management planning guidelines for the future. The research methodologies encompass the following: stressing the importance of the participatory action research process, surveying, in-depth interviewing, making astute observations, utilizing focus groups and conducting community forum from the key informants, the leaders and the villagers. The research results revealed the following: the 92 species of plants, 62 species of birds, 5 species of reptiles, 5 species of mammals, and 8 species of others. The indigenous knowledge of plant utilizations were not only found for food, medicine, tradition, belief and ritual activities, but also food recipes from plants in the forest, medicine from animals and the local wisdom through story telling from animals. Community forest management planning by the community through participatory sharing of ideas resulted in important guidelines for the future which aims to contribute to the sustainable well being and fertility of the Pongprabaht community forest.

8 Article No The Effects of 100% Recycle Project with the Participatory of Solid Waste Management Behavior: Case Study Ban Kla Koa, Muangprasat Sub-district, Non Sung District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province Rattapong Kasemsuk Dontow Tambon Health Promoting Hospital, Muangprasat Sub-district, Non Soong District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand Solid Waste products has been problem in Thailand and has still increased daily. It is the result of the activities of daily life of the people. Development and growth of the community cause increasing of waste problems. This study is quasi - experimental research and Participatory Action Research PAR Its objective is to study the result of the 100% Recycled Village Project and the separation of physical characteristics of waste by applying the Quartering Method in Ban Kla Kao, Prasart Subdistrict, Non Soong District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. The experimental group was 45 representative people in Ban Kla Kao, Prasart Subdistrict, Non Soong District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. The comparison group was 43 representative people in Ban Tako, Ban Prang Subdistrict, Kong District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. Data collection was done between March and May Intervention in the experimental group was 2 days training of one hundred percent recycling management activity of the village. Data collection were done before and after the experiment, using a questionnaire. Data was analyses by Percentage, Standard deviation, Paired t - test and Independent t - test. According to the findings, it was found that the experimental group has the score level of knowledge, practice, and participation in solid waste management in the post-test higher than in the pre-test. The difference indicated statistical significant (p < 0.05). After the test, the experimental group has the score level of knowledge, practice, and participation in solid waste management higher than the comparison group. The difference indicated statistical significant (p < 0.05). Regarding to the separation of physical characteristics of solid waste by applying the Quartering Method, it was found that after the test of the experimental group, valued solid waste in a type of paper decreased by 2.71%, glass of 3.96%, metal of 5.92% and organic solid waste of 44.92%. For the overall quantity of waste, it was found that wastes in the experimental group decreased by 63.37% and those of the comparison group increased by 3.17%. In conclusion, the key success of 100% Recycled Project in this study is systemic training program with practice activities induce to effective learning in waste segregation. And cooperation between government agencies and the community. This study could be further implement in other similarly community as a waste segregation model.