Smart cities: SBB s contribution. March 2018

Transcription

1 Smart cities: SBB s contribution. March 2018

2 Foreword. 2 The concept of smart cities has implications for all of us. Switzerland is one of the most 3 attractive countries in the world to live in. In order to ensure that this remains the case, we need to create the conditions necessary for achieving a transformation, and this work must be carried out in all sectors. We have to break down silos and leave our comfort zones. We must learn to think and act in a more integrated manner, especially when it comes to traffic, transport and spatial planning. We also need to be more courageous and explore new technologies. If we fail to do these things, all of us in Switzerland will miss out on a development that offers huge economic potential. Our job is to organise mobility from door to door, whether on rails or on the road, and to offer our customers new services in our trains and stations, and at our sites. Andreas Meyer CEO, SBB AG

3 At a glance. SBB s objectives. 4 SBB s infrastructure and mobility services connect Switzerland, and SBB s sites are located 5 in the centres of cities. With its core areas of expertise, SBB already supports the key elements of a smart city. More specifically, as a strong railway company, a reliable provider of mobility services and an attractive development partner, SBB makes an important Smart Mobility. Page 10 contribution to enhancing Switzerland s attractiveness, quality of life and competitiveness. SBB plans its mobility and site development activities in an integrated manner SBB also serves as a role model when it comes to reducing resource consumption. with a focus on sustainability in order to exploit economic potential through new Because SBB is aware of its economic and social responsibility, the company seeks to utilise technologies. SBB simplifies access to intermodal mobility, optimises travel and its strengths in a manner that creates value in order to work with partners from business, transport times and minimises emissions from passenger and freight transport public administration and the scientific community to help Switzerland s cantons, cities and operations. municipalities develop and implement smart city systems and technologies. A common understanding of the smart city approach will make site development processes and mobility services more efficient and better structured, while integrated planning processes will enable more effective cooperation between smart city partners. Finally, the use of smart technologies and participatory approaches will increase the level of satisfaction among all stakeholders. Here, SBB is seeking to develop smart solutions that will set a global example. The company is also making available to others the expertise it has gained through its own projects. SBB is focusing on five areas of action within the framework of its core areas of expertise. SBB itself is making a major contribution in some of these areas, while in others the company views itself as a participant who relies on the abilities of competent partners in order to ensure the success of the comprehensive and cooperative smart city approach. Smart Building. Page 12 SBB plans, constructs and operates efficient buildings and transport hubs that interact with their users and can adapt to individual requirements. Smart Public Space. Page 14 SBB develops at its sites open spaces for encounters, and these spaces become distinctive city locations. This leads to the creation of safe and attractive living areas with optimal mobility connections. Smart Energy. Page 16 SBB maximises energy efficiency and contributes to the achievement of the 2,000-watt society. Smart Connectivity. Page 18 SBB creates the technical conditions necessary to help design digital networking systems. The company enables simple and personalised access to digital services.

4 Introduction. SBB and Smart City. 6 With its Smart City programme, SBB is acting as a strong partner for cantons, cities and 7 municipalities and formulating its vision of a smart future for Switzerland. The positioning described here encompasses five areas of action in which SBB can play a role in shaping the development of a smart city. A clear objective is defined for each area, whereby the achievement of each objective is supported by measures specific to the area in question. SBB cooperates on the achievement of its objectives with partners from business, public administration and the scientific community and also uses these partnerships to promote and support innovation in Switzerland. The envisioned smart city target serves as a guide for the approaches utilised by SBB, as well as an invitation to external partners to cooperate on the development of smart city systems and technologies. The current situation. Switzerland is one of the most attractive countries in the world to live in, and it s therefore no coincidence that it attracts a lot of immigrants. Indeed, Switzerland s population is continuously growing: approximately 10 million people will be living in Switzerland by 2040, with the population concentrated in the country s largest cities. This ongoing urbanisation presents new challenges with regard to spatial planning and also necessitates a form of urban concentration in line with the times. Switzerland, which up until now has been a fragmented country of small spaces, is being transformed into an urban economic area or even a (small) mega-city. At the same time, population growth and urbanisation are having an impact on traffic and transport volumes and the mobility habits of residents. More than 1.25 million people already use SBB every day, which means SBB will be the most important mobility service provider in the smart cities of tomorrow. SBB keeps Switzerland moving and enjoys a great deal of trust among the public. Specific measures must be taken to ensure that this trust remains unbroken and that the country s quality of life is maintained. The goal. With its full-coverage infrastructure, centrally located sites and innovative services, SBB seeks to act as a strong and established partner that helps Swiss cantons, cities and municipalities improve their attractiveness and competitiveness and offer their residents a better quality of life with lower resource consumption. While working to achieve this goal, SBB continuously focuses on customer requirements and customer utility and employs participatory processes that incorporate the local population and authorities into urban development and infrastructure projects. In terms of organisational aspects, SBB favours an integrated planning process (e.g. combined traffic, transport and spatial planning) that is enabled and supported by the digital networking of various actors and infrastructures (e.g. transport, energy, communication, supply and disposal). The foundation for such an approach is provided by new technologies and innovations such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI). Ongoing digitalisation is making it possible to more efficiently design various systems in buildings, neighbourhoods and cities. Users will benefit from new services and a greater degree of transparency. Within the framework of the implementation process, SBB is seeking to develop smart solutions that will set a global example (best practice). The company is also making available to others the expertise it has gained through its own projects. All of these developments will fundamentally change the way we think of cities, and the way people and cities interact. A key question here is how cities need to be designed in a social, political, cultural and economic sense in order to ensure people will enjoy living in them. The smart city transformation process can make an important contribution to finding the right answers to this question.

5 8 Approach. 9 Due to the complexity involved, the transformation to smart cities cannot be brought about by one party alone. Instead, it requires interdisciplinary cooperation between various stakeholders from the business sector, the scientifi c community and public authorities. Only a strong ecosystem can ensure that smart city technologies will be implemented in all areas and across all disciplines while taking into account the specifi c attributes of each city. The concept of smart cities involves numerous aspects. Figure 1 shows the various aspects of a smart city using the Smart Cities Wheel by Boyd Cohen. Just as varied as the smart city concept itself are the conditions that prevail on the local level and the requirements of local residents in each case. It therefore makes little sense to implement the same prefabricated solutions in every community. Instead, intelligent solutions need to be aligned with social, economic, political and cultural conditions on the local level. Synergies and standards must also be created in order to achieve economies of scale and enable the establishment of economical and interoperable services. SBB wishes to help shape the country s transformation into a smart Switzerland. As a strong railway company, a reliable provider of mobility services and an attractive development partner with extensive knowledge of the energy and ICT sectors, SBB has identifi ed fi ve areas of action for the transformation: Smart Mobility, Smart Building, Smart Public Space, Smart Energy and Smart Connectivity. SBB is using the possibilities off ered by digitalisation to improve the products and services off ered in these fi ve areas, and develop new ones. Offi cials in many cities have often searched, and continue to search, for optimisation potential only within specifi c specialised fi elds. A strict sequential approach is generally utilised here for design and implementation activities. However, the development of smart cities must be carried out by means of a user-oriented approach, whereby aff ected stakeholders are incorporated into development activities at an early stage. This means that various issues, processes and technologies must be linked outside of traditional silos. What is needed here is a transdisciplinary, parallel and networked approach that leads to holistic intelligent solutions, as shown in Figure 2. From sequential to parallel. Based on Boyd Cohen 2014: The Smartest Cities in the World 2015: Methodology. URL: ( ). Mixed-modal access Mixed-modal access Open Government Open Government Smart Mobility Smart Building Smart Mobility Smart Public Space Smart Building Smart Energy Smart Public Space Smart Connectivity Smart Energy Smart Connectivity High relevance, large contribution Medium relevance, medium contribution Low relevance, small contribution From isolated... Figure 2 From sequential/isolated to parallel/networked planning processes... to networked. Better and more efficient results. Figure 1 Smart Cities Wheel and SBB s areas of action

6 Area of action: Smart Mobility. 10 Together with the providers of local mobility services, SBB forms the backbone of public 11 passenger and freight transport, which means it plays a key role in the development of inner city and nationwide transport in Switzerland. The mobility chain will become even more individualised in future. Customers expect a high degree of safety, punctuality and predictability, as well as climate-friendly and intermodal transport services that can be booked and accessed at any time. The number and types of transport services and providers will increase significantly with regard to the first and last mile in particular. Disruptive technologies such as self-driving vehicles (especially in carsharing programmes) will offer new and efficient mobility options while also reducing space requirements. SBB is positioning itself as a provider of mobility as a service, particularly in terms of door-to-door mobility. SBB is linking various modes of transport and providers of transport services to create a multi-member intermodal transport chain. Here, passenger and freight transport customers will benefit from combined and tailored mobility services. The idea is that customers should be able to embark upon a journey at any time and without any obstacles to impede them. The optimal connection should never be more than a click away and travel times should be kept to a minimum. All of this is being made possible by intelligent and networked information systems. At the same time, good service involves more than just easy booking and short travel times. The quality of travel time (i.e. its usefulness) is also important. Train stations are set to become intermodal mobility hubs that link today s and tomorrow s mobility services on the digital and physical level. Stations themselves are also becoming increasingly popular destinations for people who aren t actually travelling by train. Objective. SBB plans its mobility and site development activities in an integrated manner with a focus on sustainability in order to exploit economic potential through new technologies. SBB simplifies access to intermodal mobility, optimises travel and transport times and minimises emissions from passenger and freight transport operations. Contribution. SBB links various providers of mobility services and operates integrated and intermodal mobility hubs for passenger transport in the centres of smart cities and their agglomerations. SBB uses digital technologies to offer its customers individually optimised mobility services for passenger and freight transport. The new reality. Mobility hubs. In future, railway stations will become mobility hubs that can be used flexibly by visitors and passengers. They will become the heart of future mobility and will also serve as meeting places in smart cities. SBB is linking various providers of mobility services to create a mobility services system. Travellers can combine their modes of transport easily, individually and flexibly and thus enjoy intelligent door-to-door mobility. At the same time, decentralised mobility hubs will ease the strain on large city railway stations, simplify transfers to new types of transport services (self-driving vehicles, long-distance coaches, bike sharing, etc.) and help reduce overall travel times. The attractiveness of mobility hubs will be optimised by a broad range of services. Mobility hubs are very important for the future development of regions, cities and sites. Such hubs offer customers a new mobility experience with combined intermodal transport services and an attractive quality of time spent there. SBB organises and manages door-to-door mobility chains that include all transport operators.

7 Area of action: Smart Building. 12 Neighbourhoods, sites and buildings today have to be able to accommodate more varied 13 and flexible forms of use in order to meet the needs of society. Thanks to the utilisation of participatory procedures, the requirements of local residents, building occupants and other stakeholders (e.g. cantons, cities, municipalities) can now be taken into account at an early stage of the design process. The boundaries between traditional building planning, construction and operation are becoming increasingly blurred. Digital technologies and methods are being employed throughout the entire property life cycle, whereby the common databases used here simplify communication between the parties involved. Such technologies increase transparency, allow better decisions to be made at earlier stages of planning and construction processes and provide valuable information for building operation and maintenance. Thanks to networked sensors and intelligent software, smart buildings can be operated with automated systems in a manner that also conserves resources. Such buildings offer a high level of comfort, flexibility and safety. Digital platforms can be used to optimise building management processes and offer building users additional personalised services. The new reality. Building Information Modelling (BIM), Basel SBB station. SBB utilised a system known as Building Information Modelling (BIM) for its renewal of the west wing of Basel station. BIM digitally collects and networks all data on a building, which is depicted as a digital computer model that can be used to coordinate the requirements of various stakeholders, and for many other things as well. BIM was used in Basel to optimise passenger traffic in the station and arrange advertising space in line with the provisions of laws governing historical monuments. The creation of a complete three-dimensional model of the Basel railway station building also made it possible to identify inaccuracies in the analogue plans and thus prevent delays during the renovation project. The relevance of BIM is not just limited to the planning and construction stages, as it will also serve as a valuable aid in building maintenance operations in future. Objective. SBB plans, constructs and operates efficient buildings and transport hubs that interact with their users and can adapt to individual requirements. Contribution. SBB utilises an integrated interdisciplinary building modelling and automation approach that optimises the planning, construction and operation of its properties. SBB employs predictive and preventive maintenance through the use of building sensor systems. SBB also offers various services and functional features via digital multi-service platforms.

8 Area of action: Smart Public Space. 14 Cities, neighbourhoods and sites have an influence on how we move around and how we 15 behave, feel and interact with one another. The constant high density we experience in urban environments makes the way public spaces are designed an increasingly important quality of life factor. Smart public spaces help improve quality of life by creating a networked, automated and functionally flexible environment that conserves resources. SBB owns large sites with good transport connections in numerous cities and municipalities in Switzerland. Together with current and potential users and other stakeholders, SBB has a responsibility to develop these sites into future-oriented, sustainable and attractive spaces. This is a dynamic process that necessitates a participatory approach and specific expertise, as well as administrative structures that can be further developed. Smart city development involves a continuous rather than linear progression of phases. If local residents are incorporated into projects, their needs can be identified and conflicts can be avoided. This results in the creation of vibrant neighbourhoods with a functional, demographic and sociocultural mix of individuals who live, work, shop, dine and spend time in an area that is seamlessly connected to its surroundings and enjoys a high degree of acceptance among the local population. Such neighbourhoods also support the development of a thriving local economy. Objective. SBB develops open spaces for encounters at its sites, and these spaces become distinctive city locations. This leads to the creation of safe and attractive living areas with optimal mobility connections. Contribution. When developing its sites, SBB relies on participatory processes, especially with regard to exterior designs. SBB employs networked sensor systems to optimise the utilisation and management of its sites. SBB builds multifunctional sites with ecologically sound outdoor spaces that appeal to various stakeholders. The new reality. Participatory process for Neugasse in Zurich. SBB worked directly with the local population while developing the concept for its Neugasse site in Zurich. Approximately 200 people took part in workshops on the project over a period of eight months. The participants formulated ideas, defined requirements, built models and discussed solutions for various problems. Specialists used the results of this process to draw up an urban development concept for the site. Interested stakeholders were able to stay informed via the project website, a newsletter and public meetings. Despite the extra cost and effort involved, the process was extremely beneficial for all parties and stakeholders. The workshop participants were able to contribute their ideas and opinions to the construction project, while SBB and its partners developed a better understanding of important aspects associated with the site. SBB will use the experience gained through the Neugasse project to develop similar participatory processes for future projects.

9 Area of action: Smart Energy. 16 Smart Energy refers to the production, storage and distribution of energy and the intelligent 17 management of the entire energy system in a manner that conserves resources. This is very important in view of the increasing use of energy from renewable sources, whose availability is subject to sharp fluctuations in some cases. Smart energy forms the basis for resource conservation in the operation and management of cities, neighbourhoods, sites and buildings. The most important components of overall smart energy systems are energy storage units and demand-driven management systems that ensure the efficient use of renewable energy sources. The combination of various storage media enables both short and long-term energy storage. The new reality. District heating centre for energy efficiency and sustainability, Zurich-Altstetten. Up until just a few years ago, waste heat from the data centre in Zurich Herdern was released into the environment without being used. Today, this waste heat is linked to a geothermal system that supplies environmentally friendly heat and air conditioning to SBB buildings at the WestLink and Letzibach site developments near Altstetten station, as well as to other buildings. This set-up is made possible by an energy association created by ewz the Zurich Municipal Electricity Service which was facilitated by SBB s site developments. The process utilised at the association s energy centre has reduced CO 2 emissions by 3,000 tonnes per year. Through the implementation of the Minergie standard at its sites, and its membership in the energy association, SBB is making an important contribution to energy efficiency and sustainability and thus assuming ecological responsibility on the road to the 2,000-watt society. SBB s traction current infrastructure consists of numerous energy production facilities and storage systems. SBB s energy division already ensures reliable and sustainable delivery and distribution of energy in a manner that conserves resources. With solar panels mounted on roofs, facades and even noise barriers, as well as local storage solutions, SBB has the potential to transform itself from an energy consumer into an energy producer at its sites and buildings as well. Such a development would increase the energy supply available to SBB and might even result in a positive energy balance. Switzerland s Energy Strategy 2050 programme calls for the gradual conversion of the country s energy supply to renewables by 2050, as well as a reduction in energy consumption of nearly 50 per cent from the 2000 level by As an environmentally conscious company, SBB is committed to achieving these targets in cooperation with residents and communities. Within the framework of The Confederation: Exemplary in Energy initiative and the Energy Strategy 2050 programme, SBB is serving as a role model for energy efficiency and the promotion of new renewable energy sources. Objective. SBB maximises energy efficiency and contributes to the achievement of the 2,000-watt society. Contribution. SBB is developing its energy networks into smart grids that efficiently manage energy production, storage and use. SBB promotes the use of new renewable energy sources and the establishment of energy associations. SBB also supports self-consumption communities and develops energy-plus houses and buildings.

10 Area of action: Smart Connectivity. 18 Smart cities generate data. Smart Connectivity refers to the networking of various sectors 19 and infrastructures (e.g. transport, energy, communication, supply and disposal). All data is exchanged in a secure, neutral and economical manner at an adequate speed. All networked elements can also be managed efficiently. Smart connectivity is a key enabler for smart digital applications in urban areas. The networking of things (Internet of Things IoT) in particular allows for a more differentiated approach to managing the components of a city in both a physical and digital sense. The use and networking of sensors to manage previously isolated components will also make it possible for these components to communicate with one another in future. For example, they will be able to report on their current status and specific events and thus improve our ability to monitor and analyse their operation. In this sense, communication between people and things will form the foundation of the cities of the future. New wireless and cable-based solutions are needed both for interaction between SBB and its customers and for the exchange of information within the smart city ecosystem. In order to ensure true added value for all stakeholders, all relevant data protection provisions must be strictly complied with during the collection and processing of the large amounts of data generated with these network technologies. Cities will benefit from optimised processes and infrastructure, while residents and companies will be able to enjoy new services and a higher degree of transparency. The new reality. SBB WiFi at 80 locations in Switzerland. Objective. SBB creates the technical conditions necessary to help design digital networking systems. The company enables simple and personalised access to digital services. Contribution. SBB cooperates with its partners to enable seamless and secure Web accessibility along the entire mobility link. SBB is exploring possibilities for participating in one or more digital smart city platforms that combine data from different sources as well as various services. SBB is committed to the principles of Privacy by Design and Privacy by Default and also expects its partners to adhere to these principles. SBB offers its customers free Internet access at 80 railway stations. SBB WiFi allows customers to use their wireless devices to surf the Web for 60 minutes after a quick registration process. Rapid and secure Internet access in a high-coverage area forms the basis for the provision of numerous products and services in a smart city, which is why ensuring optimal wireless coverage throughout the entire mobility chain is a top priority at SBB. Together with mobile network providers, SBB has equipped more than 1,000 coaches in long-distance trains with signal boosters. As a result, reliable Internet access has been a given in all long-distance trains since the end of The number of passengers who use SBB WiFi shows that the company has met a real need here, as the system now has more than 1.5 million registered users and records around 80,000 logins every day.

11 SBB AG Anja Riedle Smart City Programme Director Real Estate Development Hilfikerstrasse 1 CH-3000 Bern 65, Switzerland anja.riedle@sbb.ch sbb.ch/smartcity