Investigations upon Resistance of Surfaces Panel Elements Bonding by Artificial Veneers from Hot Melt Adhesives Poznan University of Life Science, Faculty of Wood Technology, Department of Wood Based Materials, Division of Gluing and Finishing of Wood, Poznan, Poland Anna Ślęzak, Stanisław Proszyk anielaslezak@wp.pl; sproszyk@up.poznan.pl
HOT MELT ADHESIVES thermoplastic polymers centres increasing the adhesiveness Elements of Hot Melt Adhesives antioxidants fillers aids Fig. 1. Elements of Hot Melt Adhesives
HOT MELT ADHESIVES Fig. 2. Glue system: a) EVA without fillers; b) EVA with fillers; c) PO
Table 1 GENERAL CONDITIONING OF APPLYING HOT MELT ADHESIVE Advantages Disadvantages good preliminary adhesion resistance of joints to the cold water relatively low mechanical strength for cutting sensitivity to the increased temperature fast formation of joints glue bonds are characterized by a very high speed after pressing material to the covered element low thermo resistance expanding of glue in some varnish solvents slow-burning they don't contain volatile substance low resistance to some solvents e.g. toluene, styrene using special devices in the technology of the application (postforming) non-toxic
USING OF HOT MELT ADHESIVES: 1. ASSEMBLY HOT MELT ADHESIVES: join of door frames, corps, wooden and plate elements, e.g. inlets support-assembly works bonding together veneers sticking decorative elements 2. HOT MELT ADHESIVES FOR BONDING NARROW PANEL ELEMENTS BY EDGE TAPES: being based to the ABS, PS, PVC from laminate from artificial veneers edges with the adhesive layer sticking slips of solid wood softforming postforming (protecting abutments of HPL laminates, CPL)
3. HOT MELT ADHESIVES TO WRAPPING OF PROFILED ELEMENTS: - of legs to occasional tables - of PVC window sections Fig. 3. Using of Hot Melt adhesives
The aim of work: The overriding aim of this study realized on an experimental scale were to determine the resistance of surfaces panel elements, produced in company, which was manufactured HM adhesives, produced in company where used different artificial veneers. Moreover the aim was to determine adhesion of glue lines from Hot Melt adhesives in the attempt to tear away. Fig. 4. Wall panels by three
EXPERIMENTAL MATERIALS ARTIFICIAL VENEERS: Pine Oak natural Pine natural Pine antic Marble cararra Ash mountain LDF BOARDS ADHESIVES: EVA without fillers EVA with fillers PO Fig. 5. Experimental materials
ADHESION ADHESION - join oneself with oneself of surface layers of physical bodies or phases (permanent or liquid). COHESION - general name of the phenomenon of the disobedience through physical bodies, subjected to dividing in parts. For it s work needed for dividing the determined body in parts, divided by the area incurred as a result of this dividing is a measure. Fig. 6. Adhesion
Results of investigations of adhesion in the attempt to tear away artificial veneers to the surface of LDF board by EVA without fillers Table 2 Kind of veneers Destroying power [dan] x min x max x av. Type of tearing away WFP [%] Pine 2.35 2.65 2.50 A/100 50 Oak natural 2.65 2.75 2.70 A/100 100 Pina natural 2.70 2.75 2.73 A/100 100 Pine antic 2.10 2.50 2.30 A/100 75 Marble cararra 3.10 3.20 3.15 A/100 100 Ash mountain 2.70 3.20 2.95 A/100 75
Table 3 Results of investigations of adhesion in the attempt to tear away artificial veneers to the surface of LDF board by EVA with fillers Kind of veneers Destroying power [dan] x min x max x av. Type of tearing away WFP [%] Pine 3.20 3.45 3.33 A/100 50 Oak natural 2.10 2.60 2.35 A/100 50 Pine natural 1.00 1.00 1.00 A/100 25 Pine antic 1.00 1.00 1.00 A/100 50 Marble cararra 1.90 2.20 2.05 A/100 25 Ash mountain 1.00 1.00 1.00 A/100 25
Results of investigations of adhesion in the attempt to tear away artificial veneers to the surface of LDF board by PO Kind of veneers Destroying power [dan] x min x max x av. Type of tearing away Table 4 WFP [%] Pine 3.80 3.85 3.83 A/100 75 Oak natural 3.70 3.85 3.78 A/100 75 Pine natural 0.20 2.75 1.48 A/100 50 Pine antic 3.15 3.20 3.18 A/100 100 Marble cararra 3.00 3.25 3.13 A/100 100 Ash mountain 2.55 3.00 2.78 A/100 100
veneers: Fig. 7. The comparison results of adhesion in the attempt to tear away of veneers to surfaces of LDF boards for glue lines from different HM adhesives and different artificial veneers
Adhesion tearing away method, PostiTest AT Apparatus Fig. 8. PostiTest AT Apparatus for checking the adhesion
Results of investigations of adhesion artificial veneers to the surface of LDF board by EVA without fillers Kind of veneers Statistical measures x min x max x av. Type [MPa] of tearing away Pine 0.66 0.68 0.67 A Oak natural 0.56 0.63 0.60 A Pine natural 0.62 0.75 0.69 A Pine antic 0.66 0.79 0.73 A Marble cararra 0.74 0.87 0.81 A Ash mountain 0.58 0.77 0.68 A Table 5
Results of investigations of adhesion artificial veneers to the surface of LDF board by EVA with fillers Kind of veneers Statistical measures x min x max x av. Type of tearing [MPa] away Pine 0,68 0,69 0,69 A Oak natural 0,79 0,86 0,83 A Pine natural 0,71 0,99 0,85 A Pine antic 0,65 0,74 0,70 A Marble cararra 0,66 0,68 0,67 A Ash mountain 0,84 1,02 0,93 A Table 6
Results of investigations of adhesion artificial veneers to the surface of LDF board by PO Statistical measures Table 7 Kind of veneers x min x max x av. Type of tearing [MPa] away Pine 0.63 0.65 0.64 A Oak natural 0.72 0.91 0.82 A Pine natural 0.85 0.96 0.91 A Pine antic 0.63 0.70 0.67 A Marble cararra 0.60 0.65 0.63 A Ash mountain 0.63 0.65 0.64 A
Fig. 9. The comparison results of adhesion of veneers to surfaces of LDF boards for glue lines from different HM adhesives and different artificial veneers veneers:
Conclusions The adherence of artificial veneers to surface of wall panels in the test of tear off depended on kind of used adhesives, veneers and also panels. For EVA HM adhesives without fillers, the course in the range of values 2.50 3.15 dan, for EVA adhesives with fillers 1.0 3.33 dan, while for PO adhesives 1.48 3.83 dan. The most profitable values were for pine and oak natural veneers. The highest adherence (acc. to PN-EN ISO 4626) of glue lines in the paneling from EVA adhesives with fillers and PO 0.63 1.02 MPa, while the least resistance of glue lines from HM adhesives, which based on EVA copolymers without fillers 0.56 0.87 MPa. Kind of artificial veneers do not have an influence on level of the resistance.
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