Scientific Journal of Impact Factor (SJIF): 4.14 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development Volume 3, Issue 3, March -2016 DIGITAL FUEL INDICATOR Ashish S. Dain 1, Akshay U. Gokhale 2,Ravindra S. Kadam 3 1) E&TC Dept, DYPCOE,AMBI, 2) E&TC Dept, DYPCOE,AMBI, 3) E&TC Dept, DYPCOE,AMBI, 4) Assist. Prof.E&TC Dept,DYPCOE,Ambi e-issn (O): 2348-4470 p-issn (P): 2348-6406 Abstract-Now a day the fuel consumption problem is increasing day by day and quality of fuel is also degrading. And we cannot detect or resolve this problem individually, so we have a solution for this issue. Now a day any vehicle having fuel indicator which in the analog form only showing the fuel level only not exactly. And whenever we are filling a fuel tank we cannot say that how much fuel that is present in the tank, so analog indicator showing only the level of fuel not exact quantity in the tank. So by the use of digital indicator we can say that we can examine the how much fuel present in the tank and will give the approximate idea of mileage. With the help analog indicator we can detect that only how much quantity is present in the tank? This disadvantage is overcome by using digital fuel indicator. By showing the present value of fuel tank and value after filling it will also give the alarm about fuel theft as soon as fuel is bin theft by message. Keywords- Ultrasonic Sensor, ARM, GSM module I. Introduction The old method for fuel filling at petrol station was lift the pump handle and insert the nozzle into the fuel cap, lift the lever until the fuel start to flow. Keep an eye on the counter display which will increase as the fuel enters your vehicle in both price and volume. The second method is that we have to give the price amount to fuel pump and we will get that much of fuel in car s fuel tank. The design of this project was challenging of the specific design, and involve efficient a commitment to implementation of the monitoring project, from data collection to reporting and using results. II.Why we choose ultrasonic sensor? We started searching for the liquid level sensor in market we found many sensors available in market some of them are IR sensor, we can able to measure the liquid by metal vertical strips but none of them was suitable for our project but we choose ultrasonic sensor. We have used LPC2148 and ultrasonic sensor HCS R04 and GSM kit for messing the fuel theft and the EPROM for storing the mobile no which we need to send the message of thefting. MAX 232 is used for serial communication purpose with GSM kit. III. Proposed block diagram @IJAERD-2016, All rights Reserved 338
Figure.1 Block diagram of Digital Fuel Indicator As you can see in the block diagram, the main part of the project is ultrasonic sensor which sense the fuel capacity and send it to the ARM 7. The power supply to sensor is not directly given it is given by processor and connected via GND We have given the 5vlolt power supply to this circuitry with stepdown transformer. But the ARM 7 works on the 3volt supply so it is achieved by the Zener diode which is present on ARM 7 board IV. Ultrasonic Sensor Ultrasonic sensor is a transducers that convert ultrasound waves to electrical signals or vice versa. Those that both transmit and receive may called ultrasound transceivers many ultrasound sensors they can sense and transmit. These transducer work on a principle of transducers used in radar and sonar systems, which work on attributes of a target by reading the echoes from radio or sound waves, respectively. Active ultrasonic sensors generate high-frequency microwave and look over the echo which is received back by the sensor, measuring the time interval between transmitted the signal and receiving the echo to determine the distance to an object Ultrasonic sensor is connected at the input side of the system. Through this sensor we can take input in the form of distance. This distance is nothing but the actual height of tank. This distance can be calculated by transmitting a microwave signal by ultrasonic sensor, the signal is called echo signal. Before transmitting the signal one more signal is present there called trigger, by triggering the sensor it is activated. But as long as we can t give 5 Volts supply to the sensor, it doesn t start working. After this, we place the sensor on top of the tank. The transmitted echo is returns back by colliding the bottom surface of the tank from which we want the readings. These readings is in the form of distance we converted this reading to liters. The timing diagram is shown below. @IJAERD-2016, All rights Reserved 339
Figure 2.Timing diagram of ultrasonic sensor VI. GSM Module Figure 3.GSM Model The SIM900 is a complete Quad-band GSM/GPRS solution. Featuring an industry-standard interface, the SIM900 delivers GSM 850/900 performance for voice, SMS, Data, and Fax in a small form factor and with low power consumption. With a small configuration of 24mm x 24mm x 3 mm, SIM900 it can fit almost all the space requirements in M2M application, especially for slim and compact demand of design. SIM900 is a very powerful single-chip processor integrating AMR926EJ-S core. Quad band GSM/GPRS module with a size of 24mmx24mmx3mm.it hassmt type suited for our application V.MAX 232 We have used GSM 900 for that we need to connect it with the LPC 2148 processor via UART. The block diagram of interfacing is given below. MAX 232 is basically used for serial communication purpose. MAX 232 has main 3 ports that are RXD (receive), TXD (transmit)., GND (common ground), we just need the basic signals @IJAERD-2016, All rights Reserved 340
Figure 4. UART schematic Normally all the digital ICs work on TTL or CMOS voltage levels which cannot be used to communication over RS-232 protocol. So a voltage or level converter is required which can convert TTL to RS232 and RS232 to TTL voltage levels. The most commonly used RS-232 level converter is MAX232.thats why we used the MAX 232 for serial communication. VI. MICROCONTROLLER It is new and fast as compare to pic and 8051 and we have recently studied on this controller. It also has on chip integrated oscillator with external crystal from 1 MHz to 25 MHz..Due to their very small size and low power consumption, LPC2148 are ideal for applications where miniaturization is a key requirement, such as high access control and point-of-sale. Serial communications interfaces starting from a USB 2.0 Full-speed device, Vectored Interrupt Controller (VIC) with configurable priorities and vector addresses. Up to 45 of 5 V tolerant fast general purpose I/O pins in a tiny LQFP64 package. Up to 21 external interrupt pins available.60 MHz maximum CPU clock available from programmable on-chip PLL with settling time of 100 micro secs. CPU operating voltage range of 3.0 V to 3.6 V with 5 V tolerant I/O VII. LCD (LIQUIED CRYSTAL DISPLAY) We have used 16*2 LCD for displaying the amount of fuel and how much distance can cover by the fuel present in tank like below. Figure 5. LCD Panel @IJAERD-2016, All rights Reserved 341
VIII. PROCESS When this system is implemented in cars we can able to see the actual weight of fuel in car tank. When we start the system that time ultrasonic sensor will send the microwave in fuel tank and measure the already existing amount of fuel and after filling fuel it will add the existing amount of fuel and after filled up fuel and give this information to the controller to LCD like shown on upper image. It will also give the average mileage of fuel present in fuel tank it will keep displaying the capacity of fuel in the tank. For fuel thefting we used to GSM system and for that we need to give mobile no to system on which we will get the alert message of fuel is been thefting and buzzer will on.. REFERENCES [1] Automatic Digital Fuel Indicator,particularly for cars, C Marek Etal, Nov. 3,1970 [2] Implementations, Digital Signal Processing Applications with the TMS320 Family, Vol. 2, [3] Literature number SPRA016, Texas Instruments (1990). [4] J. G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms, [5] Applications, 2nd ed., Macmillan, New York, NY (1992)..http://www.dattalo.com/technical/theory/sinewave.html. [6] Schenker, L (1960), "Pushbutton Calling with a Two-Group Voice Frequency Code [7] Liquid level measurement device, Sven J. Johnson, Main Road, South hold, NY. 1 1917 @IJAERD-2016, All rights Reserved 342