Drafting September 2014 Needs Assessment Prepared by Danielle Pearson Date: September 8, 2014 Drafting Drafting Needs Assessment Page 1
Scope Data compiled in this report covers San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and Los Angeles counties. Data were drawn from external sources, including the Employment Development Department s California Labor Market Information, the U.S. Department of Education s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), O*NET OnLine, and Chaffey College s Colleague Administrative database. Data Sources and Calculations Educational Program Data TOP Code Program of Study 0953.00 Drafting Technology 0953.10 Architectural Drafting 0953.40 Mechanical Drafting The Taxonomy of Programs (TOP) is a standardized system used at the state level to classify programs and courses that are intended to achieve the same outcome at different colleges throughout the state. CIP Code Program of Study 15.1301 Drafting and Design Technology/Technician, General 15.1303 Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD 15.1306 Mechanical Drafting and Mechanical Drafting CAD/CADD The Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) is a standardized coding system used at the federal level to facilitate accurate tracking, assessment, and reporting of fields of study and program completion at educational institutions throughout the country. This report draws on three CIP codes: Drafting and Design Technology/Technician, General; Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD; and Mechanical Drafting and Mechanical Drafting CAD/CADD. These CIP codes map to three TOP codes, respectively: Drafting Technology, Architectural Drafting, and Mechanical Drafting. These TOP and CIP codes were used to compare Chaffey College to other institutions and examine employment trends. Completions Data Degree and certificate data regarding students at Chaffey College were collected from the Colleague Administrative database. Degree and certificate data for all comparison schools were collected from the U.S. Department of Education s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). All comparison institutions included in this report are postsecondary and have provided data to IPEDS. IPEDS defines postsecondary education as a formal program designed primarily for students beyond high school age. These include academic, vocational, and continuing professional education, and exclude avocational and adult basic education programs. Drafting Needs Assessment Page 2
Occupational Data SOC Code Occupational Title Drafting Technology 17.3011 Architectural and Civil Drafters 17.3019 Drafters, All Other Architectural Drafting 17.3011 Architectural and Civil Drafters 17.3013 Mechanical Drafters Mechanical Drafting The Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system is used by federal statistical agencies to classify workers into occupational categories. The General Drafting and Design Technology/Technician, Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD, and Mechanical Drafting and Mechanical Drafting CAD/CADD CIP codes were mapped to the SOC codes listed in the table above using the crosswalk described in the paragraph below. Educational Program to Occupation Crosswalk The TOP-CIP-SOC Crosswalk (Employment Development Department, 2009) was used in this report to map TOP codes to CIP and SOC codes. This crosswalk allows the user to estimate labor market demand for California Community College program completers using SOC based projections from the Labor Market Information Division. Industry Data The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is used by federal statistical agencies to classify business establishments for the purpose of conducting and reporting research on the U.S. business economy. Using the Standard Occupational Classification codes listed above, associated NAICS industries were identified. Drafting Needs Assessment Page 3
Introduction and Contents Contents Background Information 5 Regional Job Outlook 8 Largest & Fastest Growing Industry Employers 11 Regional Graduation Summary 15 Chaffey College s Performance on Core Indicators 17 Purpose and Goals Chaffey College currently offers two degrees and three certificates under the Drafting program. A 27- unit Associate in Science Degree or a 38-unit Certificate in Drafting Technician: Architectural can be earned, as can a 25-unit Associate in Science Degree or 32-unit Certificate in Drafting Technician: Mechanical. In addition, a 17-unit CAD/CAM Operator Certificate is available. The following is a description of the Drafting program as outlined in the 2014-15 Catalog: The drafting program degrees and certificates provide the basic knowledge and skills in drafting, mathematics, art, and related scientific and engineering areas to prepare students for employment in the manufacturing and architectural industries. Each program focuses on the skills necessary to be successful and gain employment in related fields. Computer aided drafting (CAD) will be used to complete the required work in most of the classes. Courses designed to fulfill major requirements for an Associate in Science Degree from Chaffey College are not the same as those required for completing the major at a transfer institution offering a baccalaureate degree. Students who intend to transfer to a four-year college or university in any major should consult the catalog of the appropriate transfer institution and a Chaffey College counselor to develop a preferred plan of study. The purpose of this report is to integrate and analyze data from multiple sources to determine labor market needs for the Drafting program at Chaffey College. Regional Definitions Inland Empire includes the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) Los Angeles County includes the Los Angeles- Long Beach-Glendale Metro Division Orange County includes the Santa Ana- Anaheim-Irvine Metro Division Key Terms and Concepts Replacement Jobs: Replacement jobs refer to the number of job openings due to workers leaving an occupation. Annual Openings: Annual openings are calculated by adding the number of new jobs to the number of replacement jobs, divided by the number of years in the projection period. Projections: Projections of employment are calculated by the Employment Development Department and are based on a mathematical formula that includes historical employment and economic indicators along with national, state, and local trends. Occupation: Jobs are grouped into occupations using the federal Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Industry: Occupations are grouped into industries using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Wages: Hourly wages are reported in percentiles and averages. The 25 th percentile is a useful proxy of entry-level wages and the 75 th percentile of experienced-level wages. Drafting Needs Assessment Page 4
Background Information Drafting Technology Drafting Technology programs in California Community Colleges focus on planning, preparation, and interpretation of various engineering sketches for design and drafting duties, for circuits, machines, structures, weldments, or architectural plans. This includes the application of advanced computer software and hardware (Computer Assisted Drafting and Computer Assisted Design) to the creation of graphic representations and simulations in support of engineering projects. 1 Architectural Drafting Architectural Drafting programs in California Community Colleges focus on preparation of working drawings and electronic simulations for architectural and related construction projects. 1 Mechanical Drafting Mechanical Drafting programs in California Community Colleges focus on development of working drawings and electronic simulations in support of mechanical and industrial engineers and related professionals. 1 The descriptions of job duties for occupations related to Drafting Technology, Architectural Drafting, and Mechanical Drafting are provided by the Occupational Information Network. 2 Mechanical Drafters 2 Mechanical Drafters prepare detailed working diagrams of machinery and mechanical devices, including dimensions, fastening methods, and other engineering information. Typical Tasks Develop detailed design drawings and specifications for mechanical equipment, dies, tools, and controls, using computer-assisted drafting (CAD) equipment Lay out and draw schematic, orthographic, or angle views to depict functional relationships of components, assemblies, systems, and machines Coordinate with and consult other workers to design, lay out, or detail components and systems and to resolve design or other problems Check dimensions of materials to be used and assign numbers to the materials Review and analyze specifications, sketches, drawings, ideas, and related data to assess factors affecting component designs and procedures and instructions to be followed Modify and revise designs to correct operating deficiencies or reduce production problems Compute mathematical formulas to develop and design detailed specifications for components or machinery using computer-assisted equipment Position instructions and comments onto drawings Lay out, draw, and reproduce illustrations for reference manuals and technical publications to describe operation and maintenance of mechanical systems Design scale or full-size blueprints of specialty items, such as furniture and automobile body or chassis components 1 California Community Colleges, Chancellor s Office, Taxonomy of Programs, Sixth Edition (Corrected Version). 2 O*Net Online: http://www.onetonline.org/find/ Drafting Needs Assessment Page 5
Architectural and Civil Drafters 2 Architectural Drafters prepare detailed drawings of architectural designs and plans for buildings and structures according to specifications provided by an architect. Civil Drafters prepare drawings and topographical and relief maps used in civil engineering projects, such as highways, bridges, pipelines, flood control projects, and water and sewerage control systems. Typical Tasks of Architectural Drafters Operate computer-aided drafting (CAD) equipment or conventional drafting station to produce designs, working drawings, charts, forms and records Analyze building codes, by-laws, space and site requirements, and other technical documents and reports to determine their effect on architectural designs Coordinate structural, electrical and mechanical designs and determine a method of presentation to graphically represent building plans Draw rough and detailed scale plans for foundations, buildings and structures, based on preliminary concepts, sketches, engineering calculations, and specification sheets Lay out and plan interior room arrangements for commercial buildings using CAD equipment and software Obtain and assemble data to complete architectural designs, visiting job sites to compile measurements as necessary Supervise, coordinate, and inspect the work of draftspersons, technicians, and technologists on construction projects Typical Tasks of Civil Drafters Produce drawings using CAD or drafting machines, or by hand using compasses, dividers, protractors, triangles, and other drafting devices Draw maps, diagrams, and profiles, using cross-sections and surveys, to represent elevations, topographical contours, subsurface formations and structures Draft plans and detailed drawings for structures, installations, and construction projects such as highways, sewage disposal systems, and dikes, working from sketches or notes Determine the order of work and method of presentation, such as orthographic or isometric drawings Finish and duplicate drawings and documentation packages, according to required mediums and specifications for reproduction using blueprinting, photography, or other duplication methods Review rough sketches, drawings, specifications, and other engineering data received from civil engineers to ensure that they conform to design concepts Calculate excavation tonnage and prepare graphs and fill-hauling diagrams for use in earth-moving operations Supervise and train other technologists, technicians, and drafters Correlate, interpret, and modify data obtained from topographical surveys, well logs, and geophysical prospecting reports All Other Drafters 2 Information for all drafters is not provided separately as the description has a wide range of characteristics which do not fit into one of the detailed occupations. Drafting Needs Assessment Page 6
Regional Job Outlook Projected Regional Job Outlook The table below displays 2010 employment estimates and 2020 projections for the occupational groups associated with Drafting programs. Declines in jobs are estimated for Architectural and Civil Drafters and for All Other Drafters. Mechanical Drafters positions are expected to increase by as must 10.4% statewide, and as low as no growth in Orange County. Total Estimated 2010 Jobs Total Projected 2020 Jobs Projected Growth (%) Ave. Annual New Job Openings Ave. Annual Replacement Job Openings Ave. Annual Total Job Openings Architectural and Civil Drafters State of California 12,700 12,600-100 (-0.8%) -10 260 250 Inland Empire 530 550 20 (3.8%) 2 10 12 Los Angeles CO 2,970 2,910-60 (-2.0%) -6 63 57 Orange CO 1,860 1,760-70 (-3.8%) -7 43 36 Mechanical Drafters State of California 4,800 5,300 500 (10.4%) 50 90 140 Inland Empire 230 250 20 (8.7%) 2 4 6 Los Angeles CO 1,300 1,420 120 (9.2%) 12 25 37 Orange CO 540 530 0 (0.0%) 0 10 10 All Other Drafters State of California 2,100 2,000-100 (-4.8%) -10 50 40 Inland Empire 130 110-20 (-15.4%) -2 4 2 Los Angeles CO 860 830-30 (-3.5%) -3 20 17 Orange CO 200 170-30 (-15.0%) -3 7 4 Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited September 8, 2014). Drafting Needs Assessment Page 7
Projected Job Growth by Region The graphs below show the projected growth from 2010 to 2020 of occupations that employ completers of Drafting programs and Lodging Management programs. Slight declines are expected for Architectural and Civil Drafter jobs, with greater declines expected for All Other Drafters. Mechanical Drafters can expect anywhere from no growth to approximately 10% growth in jobs, depending on region. 50 Architectural and Civil Drafters 40 % Growth 30 20 10 0-10 3.8-0.8-2.0-3.8 California Inland Empire LA County Orange County 50 Mechanical Drafters 40 % Growth 30 20 10 10.4 8.7 9.2 0 California Inland Empire LA County Orange County 0.0 Drafting Needs Assessment Page 8
All Other Drafters 0 California Inland Empire LA County Orange County % Growth -5-10 -4.8-3.5-15 -20-15.4-15.0 Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited September 8, 2014). Hourly Wages by Region This table displays the first quarter 2014 hourly wage statistics of individuals employed in occupations that employ completers of Drafting programs. Wages are fairly consistent across the three groups of occupations, as well as across regions. Mean Hourly Rate 25 th Percentile Median Hourly Rate 75 th Percentile Architectural and Civil Drafters State of California $28.14 $22.44 $27.32 $33.47 Inland Empire $26.69 $19.40 $25.11 $33.11 Los Angeles CO $27.85 $22.20 $27.31 $33.26 Orange CO $27.57 $22.33 $27.23 $32.94 Mechanical Drafters State of California $28.90 $21.36 $27.35 $35.26 Inland Empire $28.70 $22.63 $27.68 $35.04 Los Angeles CO $27.37 $19.48 $25.90 $33.54 Orange CO $28.25 $21.64 $26.91 $34.26 All Other Drafters State of California $26.31 $21.08 $26.07 $29.77 Inland Empire $25.69 $19.85 $22.87 $31.05 Los Angeles CO $26.81 $24.74 $26.97 $29.22 Orange CO $25.56 $17.42 $24.22 $30.65 Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited September 8, 2014). Drafting Needs Assessment Page 9
Largest and Fastest Growing Industry Employers Largest Industry Employers of Drafting-Related Occupations The graphs below display the 2010 staffing patterns of the industries employing completers of Drafting programs. The vast majority of Architectural and Civil Drafters and Mechanical Drafters are employed in the Architectural and Engineering Services industry. The number of All Other Drafters is much lower, with approximately 200 employed in the Household and Institutional Furniture industry and approximately 100 each employed in a range of other industries. Number of Employees 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 Architectural and Civil Drafters Number of Employees 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Mechanical Drafters Drafting Needs Assessment Page 10
All Other Drafters 250 Number of Employees 200 150 100 50 0 Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited September 8, 2014). Change Over Time of the Largest Industry Employers of Drafting-Related Occupations The graphs below display projections of change over time from 2010-2020 of the largest industries employing Drafting-related occupations in the state of California. Some growth is expected for Architectural and Civil Drafters and Mechanical Drafters, depending on industry, but jobs for All Other Drafters are expected to remain static or decline. Architectural and Civil Drafters 120% 100% 100.0% 100.0% Percent Change 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% -4.2% 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% 50.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -20% Drafting Needs Assessment Page 11
Mechanical Drafters 120% 100% 100.0% 80% Percent Change 60% 40% 20% 0% 23.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% All Other Drafters 0% Household & Institutional Furniture Medical Equipment & Supplies Mfg Local Government 0.0% Nonmetallic Mineral Product Mfg Architectural & Structural Metals Building Equipment Contractors Building Finishing Contractors 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -20% Percent Change -40% -60% -80% -50.0% -100% -120% -100.0% -100.0% Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited September 8, 2014). Drafting Needs Assessment Page 12
Regional Graduation Summary Education and Training 3 Education and training requirements for Drafting-related occupations vary. Employers prefer applicants who have completed training in drafting, offered by technical institutes, community colleges, and some four-year colleges. Employers are most interested in applicants with well-developed drafting and mechanical drawing skills; knowledge of drafting standards, mathematics, science and engineering technology; and a solid background in CAD/CADD techniques. In addition, communication and problemsolving skills are important. Courses in engineering, architecture, and mathematics are useful in obtaining a job as a Drafter. Technical training obtained in the Armed Forces also can be applied in civilian drafting jobs. Regional Completers in Drafting Programs The table below displays the number of program completers in the 2012-13 academic year at regional institutions offering Drafting programs. Besides Chaffey College, there are 37 institutions offering degrees and/or certificates below the baccalaureate level in Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD, Mechanical Drafting and Mechanical Drafting CAD/CADD, or General Drafting and Design Technology/Technician programs across the four-county region. Institution Name < 1 year Certificate 1 to < 2 year Certificate Award Level Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD Associate s Degree 2 to < 4 year Certificate Chaffey College -- -- 1 -- Citrus College 1 -- -- -- College of the Canyons 2 -- 2 -- Long Beach City College 14 2 1 -- Moorpark College 0 -- -- -- Santa Ana College -- -- 1 -- Westwood College Anaheim -- -- 6 -- Westwood College Inland Empire -- -- 0 -- Westwood College Los Angeles -- -- 5 -- Westwood College South Bay -- -- 4 -- Total 17 2 20 0 Mechanical Drafting and Mechanical Drafting CAD/CADD Chaffey College -- 1 1 -- Long Beach City College 11 1 4 -- Los Angeles Pierce College -- -- 1 -- Los Angeles Valley College -- -- 1 -- Total 11 2 7 0 3 Labor Market Info, Employment Development Department, California Occupational Guides, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/occguides (visited September 4, 2014). Drafting Needs Assessment Page 13
Drafting and Design Technology/Technician, General Antelope Valley College 6 -- 7 -- Cerritos College -- 14 6 -- Citrus College 2 -- 5 -- College of the Desert -- 1 -- -- East Los Angeles College -- 17 11 -- El Camino Community College District 1 1 3 -- Fullerton College 0 -- 3 -- Golden West College 15 -- 2 -- Irvine Valley College -- -- 2 -- ITT Technical Institute Corona -- -- 1 -- ITT Technical Institute Culver City -- -- 10 -- ITT Technical Institute San Bernardino -- -- 6 -- ITT Technical Institute San Dimas -- -- 0 -- ITT Technical Institute Sylmar -- -- 7 -- ITT Technical Institute Torrance -- -- 0 -- ITT Technical Institute West Covina -- --- 0 -- Long Beach City College 4 -- -- -- Los Angeles Harbor College -- 1 -- -- Los Angeles ORT College Van Nuys 2 -- -- -- Mt. San Antonio College 12 16 8 -- Mt. San Jacinto Community College District -- 0 3 -- Norco College 46 -- 6 -- Orange Coast College 0 -- -- -- Pasadena City College -- 2 -- -- Rio Hondo College 9 -- 3 -- Riverside City College 1 -- 1 -- Saddleback College 0 2 0 -- Santa Ana College 13 -- 2 -- Victor Valley College -- -- 20 -- Total 111 54 106 0 Note: -- indicates that this type of degree is not offered. 0 indicates that this degree is offered but no degrees or certificates were granted. Source: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, on the Internet at: http://www.nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/ Drafting Needs Assessment Page 14
Chaffey College s Performance on Core Indicators The Perkins IV Career and Technical Education Improvement Act of 2006 mandates that all state and local postsecondary institutions provide data on six core performance indicators for their career and technical education programs. These indicators are: 1) Technical Skill Attainment; 2) Completions; 3) Persistence and Transfer; 4) Employment; 5a) Nontraditional Participation; and 5b) Nontraditional Completion. Performance goals are set at the state and local levels and progress is monitored based on a comparison between the actual percentage of students who master each performance area and the negotiated levels of performance. 2012-2013 Chaffey College Performance on Core Indicators The table below displays negotiated and actual core performance indicator levels for all Chaffey College students classified under the Drafting Technology, Architectural Drafting, and Mechanical Drafting TOP codes. CTE Cohort is defined by the Chancellor s Office as those with 12+ CTE units in the discipline in 3 years. Low sample sizes and privacy restrictions limited some outcome information. Core Performance Indicators Negotiated Level State District Chaffey College Performance Percent Above or Below District Negotiated Level Drafting Technology Core 1 Technical Skill Attainment 89.50% 89.50% 95.24% 5.7 Core 2 Completions- Credential, Certificate, Degree, or Transfer Ready 81.50% 75.61% 66.67% N/A Core 3 Persistence and Transfer 86.50% 83.24% 80.95% -2.3 Core 4 Employment 80.85% 77.65% D/R N/A Core 5a Non-traditional Participation 22.60% 20.29% 14.29% -6.0 Core 5b Non-traditional Completions 26.50% 22.49% 16.67% N/A Architectural Drafting Core 1 Technical Skill Attainment 89.50% 89.50% 100.0% N/A Core 2 Completions- Credential, Certificate, Degree, or Transfer Ready 81.50% 75.61% 100.0% N/A Core 3 Persistence and Transfer 86.50% 83.24% 75.00% N/A Core 4 Employment 80.85% 77.65% DR N/A Core 5a Non-traditional Participation 22.60% 20.29% 0.00% N/A Core 5b Non-traditional Completions 26.50% 22.49% 0.00% N/A Drafting Needs Assessment Page 15
Mechanical Drafting Core 1 Technical Skill Attainment 89.50% 89.50% 50.00% N/A Core 2 Completions- Credential, Certificate, Degree, or Transfer Ready 81.50% 75.61% 100.0% N/A Core 3 Persistence and Transfer 86.50% 83.24% 50.00% N/A Core 4 Employment 80.85% 77.65% D/R N/A Core 5a Non-traditional Participation 22.60% 20.29% 50.00% N/A Core 5b Non-traditional Completions 26.50% 22.49% 50.00% N/A DR indicates privacy requirements. N/A (Not Applicable) indicates denominators < 10. N/R (Not Reported) indicates categories where no participants were reported. Source: CA Community Colleges Reporting Services, Drafting Technology, Architectural Drafting, Mechanical Drafting, College Core Indicator Information by 6-Digit TOP (2014-2015 Fiscal Year Planning). Drafting Needs Assessment Page 16