Data and Graphical Analysis Participant Workbook

1992, 1995, 2008, 2012, 2014 by The Quality Group. All rights reserved. Ver. 5.0 August, 2014 Terms of Use This guide can only be used by those with a paid license to the corresponding course in the e- Learning curriculum produced and distributed by The Quality Group. No part of this Student Guide may be altered, reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form by any means without the prior written permission of The Quality Group. Trademarks All terms mentioned in this guide that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Comments Please address any questions or comments to your distributor or to The Quality Group at info@thequalitygroup.net. 2014 The Quality Group All Rights Reserved ver. 5.0 DATA AND GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS - 2

Exercise 1 Descriptive Statistics The data represents shipping performance compared to due date.. Ship Delta is the difference between the ship date and due date measure in number of days. A negative value represents an early shipment, positive is late. File: SHIPPING PERFORMANCE.xls Graphical Tools >> Histogram and Descriptive Statistics SigmaXL 2014 The Quality Group All Rights Reserved ver. 5.0 DATA AND GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS - 14

Exercise 2 Normal Probability SigmaXL Templates and Calculators >> Probability Distribution Calculators >> Normal Enter data Above upper spec = 1 a) Percent of parts below the LSL -.0227 = 2.27% b) Percent of parts above the USL -.1587 = 15.87% c) Percent of parts out-of-spec -.1814 = 18.14% 2014 The Quality Group All Rights Reserved ver. 5.0 DATA AND GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS - 22

Exercise 3 Pareto Diagram A project is looking at the number of discrepancies in company travel expense reports with the intent of reducing the cycle time to process the expenses. File: Pareto.xls Graphical Tools >> Basic Pareto Chart SigmaXL 2014 The Quality Group All Rights Reserved ver. 5.0 DATA AND GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS - 24

Exercise 4 Time Series Plot SigmaXL Construct a Time Series Plot (Run Chart) for shipping performance File: SHIPPING PERFORMANCE.MTW Graphical Tool >> Run Chart Recall the histogram from an earlier exercise which shows a distribution which appears to be normal. What additional information do you now have about this process? 2014 The Quality Group All Rights Reserved ver. 5.0 DATA AND GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS - 27

Control charts will be covered in detail in a future class. They are a very important tool for assessing stability of a process over time and have application in all phases of a project. 2014 The Quality Group All Rights Reserved ver. 5.0 DATA AND GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS - 28

Exercise 5 Control Chart Individual and Moving Range SigmaXL Construct a Time Series Plot (Run Chart) for shipping performance File: SHIPPING PERFORMANCE Control Charts >> Individuals & Moving Range Control charts will be covered in detail in a later module 2014 The Quality Group All Rights Reserved ver. 5.0 DATA AND GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS - 30

Exercise 6 Scatter Diagrams File: carprices.xls Selling price for used cars of a particular model and option package were captured. Construct a scatter plot to see the relationship between the 2 variables. Data was collected for 4 cars at each age. This is typical of data collected in Excel and it will need to be stacked by rows. Data Manipulation >> Stack Subgroups Across Rows SigmaXL Graphical Tools >> Scatter Plots 2014 The Quality Group All Rights Reserved ver. 5.0 DATA AND GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS - 34

Exercise Putting It All Together File: CASESTUDY_SHIPPING1 One of several issues identified by the project team is customer complaints due to shipping. The CTQ is on time shipment and the KPOV being measured is the number of days late. The customers have requested that all shipments be on time and nothing be shipped earlier that 5 days. Upper Spec: Lower Spec: Using the above file, calculate the days late from the SHIP DATE DUE DATE using the Minitab calculator function Calc >> Calculator Using the tools you learned in this module, analyze the data to determine if the variation in Cycle Time is due to shape, center, spread, stability, or some combination. Be prepared to share your results with the class. TOOL USED OBSERVATIONS, CONCLUSIONS 2014 The Quality Group All Rights Reserved ver. 5.0 DATA AND GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS - 36