5 L s If it s not Baroque, don t fix it! th 17 century Art Look up (lots of painted ceilings) Light (chiaroscuro and tenebrism) Life (vanitas still lifes) Levels (meanings and symbolism) Lands (landscapes, Baroque as regional) 1
Europe in the 17th Century 2
3
4
Southern Baroque Italy and Spain 5
Counter Reformation is the Catholic response to the Protestant information Treaty of Westphalia grants freedom on religious choice Monarchs around the world were displacing Rome s political power Secularization of Europe is brought about by scientific thought and discovery Wider patronage = artists gaining individual reputations = $$$ 6
Figure 24-3 CARLO MADERNO, facade of Saint Peter s, Vatican City, Rome, Italy, 1606 1612. 7
8
Aerial view of Saint Peter s, Vatican City, Rome, Italy. Piazza designed by GIANLORENZO BERNINI, 1656-1667. 9
alternate view Aerial view of Saint Peter s, Vatican City, Rome, Italy, 1506 1666. 10
11
GIANLORENZO BERNINI, baldacchino, Saint Peter s, Vatican City, Rome, Italy, 1624 1633. Gilded bronze, 100 high. 12
GIANLORENZO BERNINI, David, 1623. Marble, 5 7 high. Galleria Borghese, Rome. 13
14
Donatell o s David Verrocchi o s David Michelangel o s David Bernini s David 15
GIANLORENZO BERNINI, inerior of the Cornaro Chapel, Santa Maria della vittoria, Rome, Italy, 1645-1652. 16
GIANLORENZO BERNINI, Ecstasy of Saint Teresa, Cornaro Chapel, Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome, Italy, 1645 1652. Marble, height of group 11 6. 17
18
CARAVAGGIO, Calling of Saint Matthew, ca. 1597 1601. Oil on canvas, 11 1 x 11 5. Contarelli Chapel, San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome 19
20
ARTEMISIA GENTILESCHI, Judith Slaying Holofernes, ca. 1614 1620. Oil on canvas, 6 6 1/3 x 5 4. Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence. 21
CARAVAGGIO, Judith Beheading Holofernes, 1598-1599. Oil on canvas, 77 x 57, Galleria Nazionale d'arte Antica at Palazzo Barberini, Rome ITALY 22
Gentileschi Caravaggio Judith slaying 23
CARAVAGGIO, Conversion of Saint Paul, ca. 1601. Oil on canvas, 7 6 x 5 9. Cerasi Chapel, Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome. 24
Diego Velazquez paints a portrait of King Philip IV and his queen, Mariana. DIEGO VELÁZQUEZ, Las Meninas (The Maids of Honor), 1656. Oil on canvas, approx. 10 5 x 9. Museo del Prado, Madrid. SPAIN 25
Infanta Margarita Teresa (5 years old princess) with a maid of honor on each side. 26
27
Northern Baroque Flanders, Netherlands, England, France, and Austria 28
Baroque Art Northern Europe Distinctive characteristics of the Baroque style in Northern Europe (Holland, France, England) Understand the diversity of cultures and artistic styles throughout Northern Europe Identify representative Baroque artists and their works Identify representative Baroque architects and their works Recognize and cite artistic terminology from this period 29
PETER PAUL RUBENS, Elevation of the Cross, from Saint Walburga, Antwerp, 1610. Oil on wood, 15 1 7/8 x 11 1 1/2 (center panel), 15' 1 7/8" x 4' 11" (each wing). Antwerp Cathedral, Antwerp. FLANDERS 30
31
32
REMBRANDT VAN RIJN, Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp, 1632. Oil on canvas, 5 3 3/4 x 7 1 1/4. Mauritshuis, The Hague. DUTCH REPUBLIC 33
REMBRANDT VAN RIJN, The Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq (Night Watch), 1642. Oil on canvas (cropped from original size), 11 11 x 14 4. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. DUTCH REPUBLIC 34
The militias in the Dutch Republic were known by the types of weapons they carried, such as the kloveniers (the klover). Van Ruytenburch can identified as lieutenant because he carries a partisan (flat iron blade) at his side. The captain, Banning Cocq (with red sash) is decorated with crosses from the Amsterdam coat of arms. 35
Company s mascot, girl dressed in gold carries a dead bird (militia corps had a chicken s claw on its coat of arms) 36
REMBRANDT VAN RIJN, Self-Portrait, ca. 1659 1660. Oil on canvas, approx. 3 8 3/4 x 3 1. Kenwood House, London (Iveagh Bequest). DUTCH REPUBLIC 37
JUDITH LEYSTER, Self-Portrait, ca. 1630. Oil on canvas, 2 5 3/8 x 2 1 5/8. National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. (gift of Mr. and Mrs. Robert Woods Bliss). DUTCH REPUBLIC 38
JAN VERMEER, Allegory of the Art of Painting, 1670 1675. Oil on canvas, 4 4 x 3 8. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna. DUTCH REPUBLIC 39
PIETER CLAESZ, Vanitas Still Life, 1630s. Oil on panel, 1 2 x 1 11 1/2. Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg. DUTCH REPUBLIC 40
NICOLAS POUSSIN, Et in Arcadia Ego, ca. 1655. Oil on canvas, approx. 2 10 x 4. Louvre, Paris. FRANCE 41
HYACINTHE RIGAUD, Louis XIV, 1701. Oil on canvas, 9 2 x 6 3. Louvre, Paris. FRANCE 42
Architecture Takes Renaissance vocabulary and expands Rooted in ideals of the Counter-Reformation Everything is very over the top 43
CLAUDE PERRAULT, LOUIS LE VAU, and CHARLES LE BRUN, east facade of the Louvre, Paris, France, 1667 1670. 44
45
Aerial view (looking west) of the palace and gardens, Versailles, France, begun 1669. 46
47
48
49
50
51
JULES HARDOUIN-MANSART and CHARLES LE BRUN, Galerie des Glaces (Hall of Mirrors), palace of Louis XIV, Versailles, France, ca. 52 1680.
53
54
Original destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666 and rebuilt in the Baroque style. Tallest building in London until 1962 SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN, new Saint Paul s Cathedral, London, England, 1675 1710. 55
56
St. Paul s Cathedral 57
58
59
Discussion Questions Compare the values of the 17th century Dutch Republic to 17th century France. How did their different values affect the art created in each culture? How does 17th century Dutch art compare to that of 17th century Italy? 17th century Spain? How does 17th century architecture in the Northern European countries compare to the architecture of Baroque Italy? Consider appearance, form, and function. 60