Transformer Measurement & Verification Report Delaware Legislative Mall Prepared for: Rick Howard, P.E., LEED AP Project Development Manager Powersmiths International Corp.
M&V Methodology ECM Technology Category Transformer Retrofits Parameter Type Project Phase Parameter Transformer Loading, Performance Losses & Efficiency Annual operating Operational hours & times Baseline Post-Installation One-time measurement of representative transformer loading, losses & efficiencies One-time measurement of representative transformer loading, losses & efficiencies Based on interview data Same as baseline Approach for Establishing Baseline Powersmiths used the steps listed below to establish the baseline. 1. Develop the baseline transformer inventory, as shown in the Appendix 1, based upon on-site audit. 2. Determine the baseline and proposed loading, losses and efficiency based on actual testing data and a cross section of manufacturers data. These losses and efficiencies are detailed in the Transformer Findings section. 3. Establish the hours of operation through interviews with facility owners and personnel. 4. Develop a spreadsheet model of the transformers with the above information and the current electric rate schedule. 5. Measure the baseline loading, losses and efficiencies prior to construction and adjust, if needed, as proposed in step 6 below. Post-Installation M&V Activities Powersmiths used the steps listed below to establish the post-installation performance for this ECM. 1. Develop the post-installation Measurement & Verification data based upon on-site audit. 2. Determine the post-installation loading, losses and efficiency based on actual testing data. These loading, losses and efficiencies are detailed in the Transformer Findings section. 3. Use the same hours of operation as baseline. 4. Develop a spreadsheet model of the transformers with the above information and the current electric rate schedule. 5. Measure the post-installation loading, losses and efficiencies following construction and adjust, if needed, as proposed in step 6 below. 6. Powersmiths measured the retrofitted transformers in the same locations that were measured during the baseline sampling. Page 2 of 20
Transformer Measurements & Findings On January 26th 2011 baseline measurements were taken on five (5) existing transformers at various locations throughout the Delaware Legislative Mall Complex. The measured loading, efficiency and losses of the replacement Powersmiths E-Saver-C3L transformers were measured on December 5th 2012 and compared to the old transformers (see tables below for each transformer). Measurements were taken using the Cyberhawk EP-300 portable meter; see Appendix 1 for information regarding the Cyberhawk meter capabilities and setup. Figure 1: Square D 225T3HB Transformer Figure 2: Powersmiths E-Saver-C3L-A Transformer End User Location Tag Number Manufacturer Model Nominal kva Biggs Museum Basement 5007 Square D Powersmiths 225T3HB E-Saver-C3L-A 225 225 Measurement Period (HH:MM) Sampling Interval 0:14 1 Minute Parameter % Loading (kva) - Average % Efficiency - Average Losses (kw) - Average Reduction in Avg Losses Average Energy Lost per Year (kwh) Average Annual Savings (kwh) Square D 10.6% 91.6% 2.035 Representative Output Voltage THD (%) Representative Output Current THD (%) 17,827 1.3% 12.5% Calculated Powersmiths 10.6% 97.8% 0.493 75.8% 4,319 13,508 1.7% 24.3% Page 3 of 20
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Figure 3: Square D 75T23H Transformer Figure 4: Powersmiths E-Saver-C3L-A Transformer End User Location Tag Number Manufacturer Model Nominal kva Public Archives Room 127 5013 Square D Powersmiths 75T3H E-Saver-C3L-A 75 75 Measurement Period (HH:MM) Sampling Interval 0:14 1 Minute 0:14 1 Minute Parameter % Loading (kva) - Average % Efficiency - Average Losses (kw) - Average Square D 0.2% 16.8% 0.541 Powersmiths 0.2% 33.7% 0.213 Reduction in Avg Losses Average Energy Lost per Year (kwh) 60.6% 4,739 Average Annual Savings (kwh) 1,866 2,873 Representative Output Voltage THD (%) 3.3% 2.4% Representative Output Current THD (%) 60.9% 52.5% Page 6 of 20
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Figure 5: Square D 75T3H Transformer Figure 6: Powersmiths E-Saver-C3L-A Transformer End User Location Tag Number Manufacturer Model Nominal kva Townsend Building 1st Floor Storage - Elec Room 5021 Square D Powersmiths 75T3H E-Saver-C3L-A 75 75 Measurement Period (HH:MM) Sampling Interval 0:14 1 Minute 0:14 1 Minute Parameter % Loading (kva) - Average % Efficiency - Average Losses (kw) - Average Square D 9.1% 88.5% 0.864 Powersmiths 11.6% 98.0% 0.175 Reduction in Avg Losses Average Energy Lost per Year (kwh) 79.7% 7,569 Average Annual Savings (kwh) 1,533 6,036 Representative Output Voltage THD (%) 2.7% 2.1% Representative Output Current THD (%) 24.0% 23.0% Page 9 of 20
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Figure 7: Powerformer 223-3234 Transformer End User Location Tag Number Manufacturer Model Nominal kva Figure 8: Powersmiths E-Saver-C3L-A Transformer Townsend Building 1st Floor Storage - Elec Room 5022 Powerformer Powersmiths 223-3234 E-Saver-C3L-A 75 75 0:14 1 Minute 0:14 1 Minute Powerformer 21.4% 97.4% 0.417 Powersmiths 12.6% 98.1% 0.185 Measurement Period (HH:MM) Sampling Interval Parameter % Loading (kva) - Average % Efficiency - Average Losses (kw) - Average Reduction in Avg Losses Average Energy Lost per Year (kwh) 55.6% 3,653 Average Annual Savings (kwh) 1,621 2,032 Representative Output Voltage THD (%) 2.4% 2.0% Representative Output Current THD (%) 15.7% 29.7% Page 12 of 20
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Figure 9: Heavi-Duty T2B Series A Transformer End User Location Tag Number Manufacturer Model Nominal kva Figure 10: Powersmiths E-Saver-C3L-A Transformer Townsend Building 3rd Floor Middle Elec Room 5027 Heavi-Duty Powersmiths T2B Series A E-Saver-C3L-A 75 75 Measurement Period (HH:MM) Sampling Interval Parameter % Loading (kva) - Average % Efficiency - Average Losses (kw) - Average 0:14 1 Minute 0:14 1 Minute Heavi-Duty 21.9% 96.5% 0.574 Powersmiths 15.6% 98.5% 0.169 Reduction in Avg Losses Average Energy Lost per Year (kwh) 70.6% 5,028 Average Annual Savings (kwh) 1,480 3,548 Representative Output Voltage THD (%) 2.3% 2.1% Representative Output Current THD (%) 24.0% 16.0% Page 15 of 20
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Conclusions Reduction in Average Losses with Powersmiths E-Saver-C3 Transformer: 68.5% on average. Replacement of the existing transformers with Powersmiths E-Saver-C3 transformers will pay for themselves many times over during the decades of expected service life. Excessive voltage distortion can impact the operating reliability of connected equipment. However, the voltage distortion levels measured are below the IEEE recommended limit of 5% for general purpose and electronic equipment loads. Current THD levels are greater than 5% and therefore general purpose transformers would not be UL listed for this application. Powersmiths E-Saver Transformers carry the required K rating to supply the measured load profile. Upgrading to Powersmiths transformers provides significant environmental benefits. Reduced transformer losses result in reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint due to reductions in fossil-fuel consumption at the power-generating station feeding transformer losses. See the complete description of Powersmiths E-Saver-C3 transformer benefits in Appendix 2 Page 18 of 20
Appendix 1 Cyberhawk Portable Meter Cyberhawk Portable is a practical instrument for the field measurement of energy efficiency and power quality. With the unique capability of SIMULTANEOUSLY measuring up to three 3phase ports, Cyberhawk Portable can be used to quantify losses and efficiency of transformers, UPS s and other multiport devices with near revenue class accuracy. TYPICAL TRANSFORMER SET-UP A Typical hookup configuration to the input and output of the transformer is illustrated in the figure below, which uses the 2Wattmeter method on the input and the 3-Wattmeter method on the output Page 19 of 20
Appendix 2 Powersmiths E-Saver-C3 Transformer Benefits The E-Saver-C3 transformer is the ideal transformer for government environments where energy efficiency is a priority. The E-Saver-C3 is a practical and affordable solution for buildings where lowest life-cycle cost and energy savings are a priority. Characteristics The E-Saver-C3 sets new benchmarks for environmental protection, energy efficiency and reliability. Designed to provide the lowest life cycle cost, the E-Saver-C3 goes beyond US DOE Candidate Level 3 efficiency ensuring lower operating losses than standard off-the-shelf transformers. To provide superior performance and reduce environmental impact, the E-Saver-C3 comes with a superior Nomex based insulation system impregnated with an organic epoxy adhesive. Custom Design E-Saver-C3 transformers are designed and manufactured to match the footprint and terminal configuration of the existing transformers. Custom design and manufacturing allows for faster installation and lower installation costs. Quiet Operation Educational environments can be degraded or disrupted when noisy transformers are located close to people. To meet this challenge, the E-Saver-C3 has embedded structural and acoustic treatments that combine to reduce ambient noise generated by the transformer. To ensure quiet operation, noise tests are part of our ISO 9001 procedures for every transformer. Environmental The E-Saver-C3 is built in an ISO 9001 (quality management) and ISO 14001 (environmental management) certified facility. Throughout the manufacturing process, Powersmiths takes steps to ensure that waste is eliminated and hazardous materials are avoided. Because Powersmiths transformers generate lower losses, they reduce power drawn from generating stations resulting in less smog and lower greenhouse gas emissions. Testing E-Saver-C3 transformers are subjected to rigorous testing to ensure efficiency under various load profiles and loading conditions, quiet operation, and insulation integrity and production tests with actual computer power loading. Powersmiths' test facility has been certified to ISO 17025 for efficiency testing by Canadian Standards Association International (CSA). Warranty The E-Saver-C3 s long life and dependable performance is backed up by Powersmiths industry leading 25 year pro-rated warranty. Page 20 of 20