AUTOMOTIVE CURRENT TRANSDUCER Introduction The HAH1DR family is for the electronic measurement of DC, AC or pulsed currents in high power automotive applications with galvanic isolation between the primary circuit (high power) and the secondary circuit (electronic circuit). The HAH1DR family gives you the choice of having different current measuring ranges in the same housing (from ± A up to ± 9 A). Principle of HAH1DR Family The open loop transducers uses a Hall effect integrated circuit. The magnetic flux density B, contributing to the rise of the Hall voltage, is generated by the primary current to be measured. The current to be measured is supplied by a current source i.e. battery or generator (Fig. 1). Within the linear region of the hysteresis cycle, B is proportional to: Features Open Loop transducer using the Hall effect Unipolar + 5 V DC power supply Primary current measuring range up to ± 3 A Maximum RMS primary current limited by the busbar, the magnetic core or the ASIC temperature T < + 15 C Operating temperature range: - 4 C < T < + 15 C Output voltage: full ratiometric (in sensitivity and offset) Compact design. B ( ) = constant (a) x The Hall voltage is thus expressed by: V H = (R H /d) x I x constant (a) x Except for, all terms of this equation are constant. Therefore: V H = constant (b) x The measurement signal V H amplified to supply the user output voltage or current. Advantages Excellent accuracy Very good linearity Very low thermal offset drift Very low thermal sensitivity drift Wide frequency bandwidth No insertion losses. +V c -V c V Automotive applications Battery monitoring Starter Generators Inverters HEV application EV application. Primary current Isolated output voltage Fig. 1: Principle of the open loop transducer Page 1/5
Dimensions HAH1DR family (in mm.) Bill of materials Plastic case PBT GF 3 Magnetic core Pins Mass Remarks V C Iron silicon alloy Brass tin plated 38 g > when flows in the direction of the arrow. System architecture System architecture (example) R L > 1 kw optional resistor for signal line diagnostic Open circuit Short GND Diagnosis V IN = V C V IN = OV C L < 1 nf EMC protection RC Low pass filter EMC protection (optional) Page /5
Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Unit Specification Min Typ Max Conditions Electrical Data Max primary current peak max 1) Supply continuous over voltage 7 No operating V C V Reverse voltage ) -.5 1 min @ T A Output over voltage (continuous) V -.5 V C +.5 Continuous output current I OUT ma 1 Output short-circuit duration t c min Rms voltage for AC isolation test V d kv 5 Hz, 1 min Isolation resistance R IS MΩ 5 5 V - ISO 1675 Electrostatic discharge voltage V ESD kv JESD-A114-B Ambient storage temperature T S C -55 15 Operating characteristics Symbol Unit Specification Min Typ Max Electrical Data Primary current A 3 Calibration current I CAL A 3 @ T A Supply voltage V C V 4.75 5. 5.5 Conditions Output voltage (Analog) 3) V = (V C /5) X (.5 + G X ) @ V C Sensitivity 3) G mv/a 6.67 @ V C = 5 V Current consumption I C ma 15 @ V C = 5 V, @ - 4 C < T < 15 C Load resistance R L kω 1 Output internal resistance R OUT Ω 1 DC to 1 khz Capacitive loading C L nf 1 1 Ambient operating temperature T A C -4 15 Connector limited 15 C Output drift versus power supply PS %.5 Performance Data Sensitivity error ε G %. ±.5 1. @ T A @ I = Electrical offset current I OE ±.8 @ T A, @ VC = 5 V Magnetic offset current I OM A ± 1 @ T A, @ VC = 5 V, after ± Global offset current I O.1.1 @ T A Average temperature coefficient of V OE TCV OE AV mv/ C -.8 ±.3.8 @ - 4 C < T < 15 C Average temperature coefficient of G TCG AV %/ C -.35 ±..35 @ - 4 C < T < 15 C Linearity error ε L % 1 @ V C = 5 V @, T A, @ I = Response time to 9 % of N step t r µs 6 1 @ di/dt = 1 A/µs Frequency bandwidth 4) BW khz 3 @ db Output clamping voltage min.1 @ V C = 5 V, T A V sz V Output clamping voltage max 4.9 @ V C = 5 V, T A Output voltage noise peak-peak V no pp mv DC to 1MHz Notes: 1) Busbar temperature must be below 15 C ) Transducer not protected against reverse polarity. 3) The output voltage is fully ratiometric. The offset and sensitivity are dependent on the supply voltage V C relative to the following formula: IP = V OUT VC 1 5 G V with G in (V / A) 4) Tested with small signals only to avoid excessive heating of the magnetic core. C Page 3/5
HAH1DR 3 Sensitivity Error (%) HAH1DR 3 Electrical offset Error (A) 5 3 4 3 1 1-4 -5-4 4 6 8 1 1-4 4 6 8 1 1 Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) HAH1DR 3 Frequency Bandwith HAH1DR 3 Phase 1 1 1 1 Gain (db) -4-5 Phase ( ) -4-5 -6-6 -7-7 -8-8 1 1 1 1 Frequency (Hz) -9 Frequency (Hz) Typical response time at 1 A/µs Channel 1 (yellow) : Primary current Channel (Red) : Output voltage signal Page 4/5
Output noise voltage: The output voltage noise is the result of the noise floor of the Hall elements and the linear I C amplifier gain. Magnetic offset: The magnetic offset is the consequence of an over-current on the primary side. It s defined after an excursion of max. Linearity: The maximum positive or negative discrepancy with a reference straight line = f ( ). Unit: linearity (%) expressed with full scale of max. Linearity is measured on cycle +, O, -, O, + without magnetic offset (average values used) PERFORMANCES PARAMETERS DEFINITIONS Sensitivity: The Transducer s sensitivity G is the slope of the straight line = f ( ), it must establish the relation: ( ) = V C /5 (G x +.5) (*) (*) For all symetrics transducers. Offset with temperature: The error of the offset in the operating temperature is the variation of the offset in the temperature considered with the initial offset at 5 C. The offset variation I OT is a maximum variation the offset in the temperature range: I OT = I OE max - I OE min The Offset drift TCI OEAV is the I OT value divided by the temperature range. Reference straight line Non linearity example Max linearity error Linearity variation in I N % Sensitivity with temperature: The error of the sensitivity in the operating temperature is the relative variation of sensitivity with the temperature considered with the initial offset at 5 C. The sensitivity variation G T is the maximum variation (in ppm or %) of the sensitivity in the temperature range: G T = (Sensitivity max - Sensitivity min) / Sensitivity at 5 C. The sensitivity drift TCG AV is the G T value divided by the temperature range. Response time (delay time) t r : The time between the primary current signal and the output signal reach at 9 % of its final value Offset voltage @ = A: Is the output voltage when the primary current is null. The ideal value of V O is V C / at V C = 5 V. So, the difference of V O -V C / is called the total offset voltage error. This offset error can be attributed to the electrical offset (due to the resolution of the ASIC quiescent voltage trimming), the magnetic offset, the thermal drift and the thermal hysteresis. I [A] I T Environmental test specifications 9 % Name Standard Conditions Damp heat, steady state JESD-A11 85 C - 85 C / 1h I S Isolation resistance ISO 1675 4.1 5 V/1min Temperature humidity cycle test ISO 1675-4 + 85 C 1 days t r Isolation test IEC 6664 kv/5 Hz/1min Vibration test (random) Terminal strength test Mechanical tests IEC 668-64 ISO 1675 & 4.1..5 (7) According to LEM Hz Random rms (11g rms) 8h/axis t [µs] Typical: Theorical value or usual accuracy recorded during the production. Thermal shocks IEC 66814 Na -4 + 15 C 3 cycles Free fall ISO 1675 4.3 1m concrete ground Radiated electronagnetic Bulk current injection Radiated radio frequency electromagnetic field Electrostatic discharge test EMC Test Directive 4/14/CE ISO 1145 Directive 4/14/CE ISO 1145-4 IEC 61-4 IEC 61-4 3 V/m MHz 1-4 MHz-6mA 8 MHz to 1, MHzV/m Air discharge= kv Page 5/5