CTA Bulletin Mobile/Handheld DTV Implementation Guidelines CTA-CEB26-B (Formerly CEA-CEB26-B) November 2014
NOTICE Consumer Technology Association (CTA) Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for his particular need. Existence of such Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or nonmember of the Consumer Technology Association from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards, Bulletins or other technical publications, nor shall the existence of such Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications preclude their voluntary use by those other than Consumer Technology Association members, whether the standard is to be used either domestically or internationally. Standards, Bulletins and other technical publications are adopted by the Consumer Technology Association in accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) patent policy. By such action, the Consumer Technology Association does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard, Bulletin or other technical publication. This document does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. This document is copyrighted by the Consumer Technology Association and may not be reproduced, in whole or part, without written permission. Federal copyright law prohibits unauthorized reproduction of this document by any means. Organizations may obtain permission to reproduce a limited number of copies by entering into a license agreement. Requests to reproduce text, data, charts, figures or other material should be made to the Consumer Technology Association. (Formulated under the cognizance of the CTA R4 Video Systems Committee.) Published by CONSUMER TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION 2015 Technology & Standards Department www.cta.tech All rights reserved
FOREWORD This bulletin was developed under the auspices of the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) R4 Video Systems Committee. i
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CEA CEB26, Mobile/Handheld DTV Implementation Guidelines Implementation Guide Table of Contents 1 Introduction... 7 1.1 Overview... 7 1.2 Scope... 7 2 Informative References... 7 2.1 Reference Acquisition... 2 3 System Overview... 3 3.1 Software Stack Overview... 3 3.2 Abstracting the A/153 Physical Layer... 4 3.2.1 Overview of Physical Layer Signal Structure and Timing... 4 3.2.2 Detecting the Presence of M/H in a Broadcast... 6 3.2.3 Organization of Channels, Services and Programs... 7 3.2.4 M/H Service Signaling Channel and M/H Service Selection... 7 3.2.5 Data Structure, Logical Pipes, and Physical Layer Abstraction... 8 3.2.6 A/153 Packet Format... 8 3.2.7 Video and Audio Codecs, and File Delivery Protocol... 8 3.3 A/153 Terminal Block Diagram... 10 4 M/H Physical Layer and Transmission System... 11 4.1 Characteristics of the M/H Emission... 11 4.2 Receiving Antennas... 11 4.2.1 Reception Environment... 12 4.2.2 Antenna Gain and Radiation Pattern... 12 4.2.3 Active versus Passive Design... 12 4.2.4 Additional Antenna Design Resources... 13 4.2.5 Vehicular Environment Considerations... 13 4.3 RF Frontend Processing... 14 4.4 Demodulation Processing... 14 4.4.1 Channel Synchronization... 14 4.4.2 Channel Equalization... 20 4.4.3 Receiver Diversity... 23 4.4.4 Channel Decoding... 25 4.5 Receiver Considerations... 40 4.5.1 Dynamic range / Interference Mitigation... 40 4.5.2 Diversity Antenna Reception... 43 4.5.3 Transmitter/ Receiver Power Saving Modes... 44 5 Device Multimedia... 44 5.1 Audio Coding... 44 5.2 Video Coding... 44 5.3 Audio and Video Decoding Capability Checks... 45 iii
5.4 Audio to Video Synchronization... 45 6 System Memory... 46 7 Service Protection... 46 7.1 Service Protection Data Structures... 47 7.1.1 Four Layer Key Hierarchy... 47 7.1.2 Broadcast Groups... 48 7.1.3 Interactive Vs Broadcast-only Mode... 48 7.1.4 STKM Streams... 49 7.1.5 ROAP Trigger Delivery... 49 7.1.6 IPsec... 49 7.1.7 Signaling... 49 7.1.8 Timing on Access Key Delivery... 49 7.1.9 Subscription Management... 50 7.1.10 Trust Authority... 50 7.1.11 Activation and Provisioning... 51 7.1.12 Storage of Keys... 51 7.1.13 Multiple Sources of Key Messages... 52 8 Signaling Data Recovery and Processing... 52 8.1 Signaling Data through FIC... 52 8.1.1 Protocol Versioning... 53 8.1.2 FIC-Segment Acquisition and FIC-Chunk Recovery... 55 8.1.3 FIC-Chunk Processing... 56 8.1.4 Handling Advanced Signaling... 57 8.1.5 Handling FIC Signaling Data Update... 58 8.2 Signaling Data through MH-SSC... 58 8.2.1 M/H-SSC Tables Recovery and Processing... 59 8.2.2 M/H-SSC Descriptors Recovery and Processing... 64 8.2.3 Handling M/H-SSC Signaling Data Update... 66 8.3 Operational Interactions... 67 8.3.1 Service Scan Process... 67 8.3.2 Service Handoff Process... 70 9 Extraction of M/H Transport Packets and Assembly of IP Packets from the RS Frame 71 10 Announcement Data Acquisition and Processing... 72 10.1 Announcement Data Structures... 72 10.2 Announcement Data Bootstrapping Process... 75 10.3 Acquisition of Service Guide via Broadcast Channel... 78 10.3.1 Opportunistic SG Acquisition Behavior... 78 10.3.2 Scanning SG Acquisition Behavior... 79 10.3.3 Multi-Ensemble or Multi-Tuner Receiver Behavior... 79 10.4 Coordinating Announcement Data with Signaling Data... 80 10.5 Announcing Changes in Services... 80 10.6 Service Guide Update and Management Using the Interaction Channel... 80 10.7 Basic Requests... 81 10.8 Additional Requests... 81 10.8.1 Filter by BCAST Subscription Management Selector: bsms... 82 iv
10.8.2 Keys for Request of Specific Fragments... 82 10.9 Managing SG Aggregation and Potential Conflicts... 83 10.10 Management of SG Cache in the Receiver... 83 10.11 Channel Change Interstitial Announcements... 84 11 Tuning Time Considerations... 84 12 Summary of Service Acquisition Process... 90 13 Passive Viewer Data Collection... 91 14 Mobile Emergency Alert System (M-EAS)... 91 14.1 Introduction and Background... 91 14.2 M-EAS Broadcast Content... 91 14.3 M-EAS Receiver Basic Functionality... 92 14.3.1 Recommended M-EAS Receiver Functional Details... 93 14.4 Detailed Processing of the EAT-MH... 93 14.4.1 Response to version_number Change: EAS_message_id Check... 96 14.4.2 Multiple Sections... 96 14.4.3 Response to automatic_tuning_flag... 96 14.4.4 Processing num_eas_messages... 96 14.4.5 Processing of EAS_message_id... 96 14.4.6 Processing of EAS_message_transfer_type... 97 14.4.7 Processing of EAS_message_encoding_type... 97 14.4.8 EAS_NRT_service_id... 97 14.5 CAP Message Processing... 98 14.5.1 CAP Message ID... 98 14.5.2 CAP Message Text Selection and Display... 98 14.5.3 Geo-targeting... 99 14.5.4 Scope of Message Delivery... 99 14.5.5 Priority of CAP Messages... 100 14.5.6 Resource File... 100 14.5.7 Multiple <info>... 100 14.5.8 CAP Message Type Handling... 100 14.5.9 CAP Message Expiration... 100 14.5.10 Text-to-Speech... 100 14.6 Wake-up... 101 14.6.1 Wake-up Basics... 101 14.6.2 Wake-up Versioning... 102 14.7 Automatic Tuning... 103 14.8 Rich Media Content... 104 14.8.1 M-EAS NRT Service Category... 104 14.8.2 NRT Content Management... 104 14.8.3 M-EAS FLUTE FDT XML Schema... 104 14.8.4 Restrictions, Extensions, and Profiling of A/103 for M-EAS... 104 14.9 Channel Change Operation... 105 Table of Figures v
Figure 1 Component stack diagram within an A/153 receiver device... 4 Figure 2 Mobile Frames, Subframes, and Slots... 5 Figure 3 Partial details of Group structure (as transmitted after interleaving) relevant to tuning process.... 6 Figure 4 Functional block diagram of an example A/153 receiver device... 10 Figure 5 Antenna-basic structure... 13 Figure 6 ATSC-M/H Demodulator... 15 Figure 7 Partial Correlation... 16 Figure 8 Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation by Partial Correlation... 17 Figure 9 Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation by Maximum Likelihood Algorithm... 18 Figure 10 Maximum likelihood carrier frequency offset tracking loop... 20 Figure 11 Channel Equalizer... 21 Figure 12 Linear Interpolation Method... 22 Figure 13 Linear Extrapolation Method... 23 Figure 14 Structure of the Frequency Domain Diversity Equalizer... 24 Figure 15 SCCC Encoding Process... 25 Figure 16 SCCC Decoding Process... 25 Figure 17 P(i) Pattern Generator... 26 Figure 18 Memory operations in M/H Interleaver/Deinterleaver... 28 Figure 19 RS Frame Decoder... 29 Figure 20 RS Frame Building... 30 Figure 21 RS-CRC Decoding... 31 Figure 22 M/H Transport Packet Output Interface... 34 Figure 23 Block Diagram of Signaling Decoder... 34 Figure 24 Block Diagram of Iterative Turbo Decoder... 35 Figure 25 Effective Component Encoder... 36 Figure 26 State Transition Diagram of Effective Component Encoder... 38 Figure 27 Concept of Deinterleaving of FIC without knowledge of TNoG... 39 Figure 28 Measured Spectrum in Detroit... 40 Figure 29 Spectrum with Potential 2 nd Order Interferers... 42 Figure 30 Typical Mobile TV Tuner Implementation... 42 Figure 31 Diversity Antenna Implementation... 43 Figure 32 4-Layer Key Hierarchy for Protection of Content... 48 Figure 33 Trust Hierarchy for DRM Profile... 51 Figure 34 FIC-Chunk major protocol version handling at FIC-Segment acquisition process... 54 Figure 35 FIC-Chunk minor protocol version handling at FIC-Chunk decoding process... 55 Figure 36 FIC-Segment Acquisition Process... 56 Figure 37 SMT-M/H Processing for Service Map and Service Acquisition... 59 Figure 38 GAT-M/H Processing for Service Guide Access Process... 62 Figure 39 SLT-M/H Processing for the Service Map Initialization... 64 Figure 40 OMA-BCAST Service Guide Data Model... 73 Figure 41 SG in the current M/H broadcast... 76 Figure 42 SG in different M/H broadcast... 77 Figure 43 SG in the interactive channel... 78 Figure 44 Time Line Diagram Program/Service Change within an RF channel... 85 Figure 45 Time Line diagram Program/Service Change to a Different RF Channel... 87 Figure 46 EAS overview ([27] Figure 1.1)... 91 Figure 47 Data flow with EAT-MH... 92 Figure 48 Example data flow for wake-up ([27] Figure 5.1)... 102 Figure 49 Example data flow for wake-up versioning with FIC_chunk_header_extension ([27] Figure 5.2)... 103 vi
List of Tables Table 1 An example of Pattern Generation (when B= 12000, offset = 0)... 27 Table 2 Potential IMD Components and Products for Detroit... 41 Table 3 Parameters for the SMT-M/H Processing Buffer and their usages... 60 Table 4 Parameters for the GAT-M/H Processing Buffer and their usages... 63 Table 5 Parameters for the SLT-MH Processing Buffer and their usages... 64 Table 6 Example ATSC-M/H Broadcast Configuration... 67 Table 7 Result Service Map through FIC only Service Scan... 68 Table 8 Result Service Map through FIC+SLT-MH only Service Scan... 69 Table 9 Result Service Map through FIC+SMT-M/H only Service Scan... 69 Table 10 Delay from Change Command to Program Display (same RF channel)... 89 Table 11 Delay in milliseconds from Change Command to Program Display (different RF channel)... 89 Table 12 EAT-MH... 93 Table 13 EAS_message_transfer_type Value... 95 Table 14 EAS_message_encoding_type Value... 95 Table 15 Datagram Syntax Used to Send the EAS Message Bytes... 95 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview This ATSC-M/H device implementation guideline is intended to provide guidance to receiving device designers. This document provides explanations of provisions of the ATSC Standard (A/153) along with recommendations for best practices to assure interoperability across different devices, geographies, service providers, application providers, operators, and networks. 1.2 Scope This document provides explanations of provisions of the ATSC Standard (A/153) along with recommendations for best practices. 2 Informative References The following references contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute informative provisions of this Recommended Practice. At the time of publication, the editions indicated below were valid. All documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreement based on this Recommended Practice are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the documents listed below. 1. ATSC Digital Television Standard, Part 2 RF/Transmission System Characteristics, A/53 Part 2:2011 vii