INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) AND ITS BUSINESS APPLICATION 2016/05/08 Professional Training in Informationand CommunicationTechnology (ICT) and E-Governance For Class IIIOfficers of thegovernmentof Nepal Myself Let s know each other Find someone Match Number Suwarn Kr. Singh MCMIS- Netherlands, EMBA-Pokhara University, MscIT-Manipal University Director of Studies, NASC 10 + yrs of work experience as an IT and Management Professional Introduce your Friend with following details: Name Member in Family Office Educational Background Hobbies and Interest 1
AGENDA The History of Computing EvoIution and growth of ICT Basics of computer and ICT CT components (H/W, S/W, N/W, Data and People) 3000 B.C.: The Abacus o The original mechanical counting device ICT application for organizational development and management Contemporary issues of ICT 1642: The Pascaline 1842: Bassage s Difference Engine and the Analytical Engine o A counting-wheel design A single revolution of one wheel would engage gears that turned the wheel one tenth of a revolution to its immediate left 2
Diagram Showing Method A Pantograph Punch 1942: The First Eletcronic Digital Computer: The ABC 1946: The Electronic ENIAC Computer o Used vacuum tubes o ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) 3
1951: The UNIVAC I and the First Generation of Computers 1963: The PDP-8 Minicomputer o Used vacuum tubes in the first generation of computers (1951-1959) o In 1963 Digital Equipment Corporation introduced the PDP-8 o The first successful minicomputer 1964: The IBM System/360 and the Third Generation of Computers o The third generation was characterized by computers built around integrated circuits 1981: The IBM PC o IBM tossed its hat into the personal computer ring with its announcement of the IBM Personal Computer 4
1989: The World Wide Web 1996: The Handheld Computer o Berners-Lee and a small team of scientists conceived HTML (the language of the Internet), URLs (Internet addresses), and put up the first server supporting the World Wide Web format o The Palm Pilot handheld computer was introduced by Palm Computing, Inc. Personal Computers to Supercomputers Notebook PC Personal Computer (PC) o Desktop PC 5
Tablet PC Wearable PC Handheld Computer Workstation o To visualize and solve complex, technical problems. 6
Server Computers Supercomputer o Applications in business financial, customer management solutions, decision support data warehouse, e- commerce, and enterprise resource planning Rack Servers Blade Server 27 28 7
Data processing systems Artificial intelligence o Transaction handling, record keeping o Primarily for clerical personnel and operational-level managers o Expert systems, simulation of human sensory capabilities, neural networks, intelligent agents, robots and robotics Virtual reality Virtual Meeting 32 o Combines computer graphics with special hardware to immerse users in an artificial three-dimensional world 8
Group Work Information and Communication Technology 33 Lets profile the Information systems/computing devices used in our institutions; Name the components of Information systems/computing devices used; Write the use of Information systems/computing devices used for organizational and personal purpose. Group Exercise: Member in Group:5 Time: 30 Presentation: 5 Min Each Group Draw and Label the Computers 34 o Information Communication Technology o Information Technology /IT (Analogy) o Any technology related to the information o Technology Related means technology 4: Processing data/information Transmitting / receiving information Storing data/information Presenting data/ information e.t.c ICT / IT Components Why ICT 35 Hardware Technology o Tangible component of computer system Software Technology o Intangible components driving hardware Network Technology o Components that enable exchange of data/information Database Technology Components related to data/information storage Users o Expert Users and Normal Users IT acts and policies 36 Major benefits to institutions Reach of Information Rich Information Performance to process information Flow in information in both direction of value chain For driving institutions in terms of Driving organizational processes Decision making and problem solving Governance 9
ICT and System thinking Example 37 Application of ICT is an Information System concept 38 It is a process concept ICT for Development (Sustainable) ICT4SD `4C Dimensions 39 Improve ICT across the 4C dimensions 1. Computing 2. Connectivity 3. Content 4. Capacity (human) 40 1. Computing Innovation in hardware and software such as sensors, control systems Devices become more affordable, rugged with low maintenance, security efforts and other specialized skills Easier to use in localized language, IVR, pictures 10
4C Dimensions 4C Dimensions 41 2. Connectivity Get connections at affordable prices Universal access to new networking and business models (may be with PPP) Integration of ICT and media (mobile, TV, radio, social media) 42 3. Content Provide relevant content (value) to end users Locally customized content Enable users to be producer of content (not only consumer) Data, Information and Knowledge 4C Dimensions Relevant and Processed actionable DATA INFORMATION KNOWLEDGE Relevant and actionable Data refers to an elementary description of things, events, activities and transactions that are recorded, classified, and stored, but not organized to convey any specific meaning. A sample form of data can be numeric, alphanumeric, figures, sounds or images. Information is data that has been organized so that it has meaning and value to the recipient. A recipient may be able to interpret the meaning and draw appropriate conclusions or implications from the information. Knowledge consists of data or information that has been organized and processed to convey understanding, experience, accumulated learning, and expertise as it applies to a current problem or activity. It is a combination of rules, ideas, and procedures that guide individual /organization actions and decisions. 44 4. Capacity (human) Awareness, beyond social, cultural and economic barriers Literacy (child and women) Development of appropriate regulatory legal framework and supply chain 11
Applying ICT4SD Applying ICT4SD 45 Goal and Targets Role of ICT 46 Goal and Targets Role of ICT Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 1. Increase access to market information and reduce transaction costs for poor farmers and traders 2. Increase efficiency, competitiveness and market access of developing country firms 3. Leverage participation in regional/global economy Achieve universal primary education and other education targets 1. ICT enhanced and distance learning of teachers/student 2. E-content, digital class rooms for easy access of study materials 3. Improve efficiency and effectiveness of education ministries and related agencies through strategic application of ICT Applying ICT4SD Applying ICT4SD 47 Goal and Targets Role of ICT 48 Goal and Targets Role of ICT Promote Gender equality 1. Deliver literacy programs targeting poor girls and women 2. Influence public opinion on gender quality through communication, dialogue and intervention using ICT Reduce child mortality Improve maternal health Combat diseases 1. Enhance delivery of basic in-service training for health workers 2. Increase monitoring and information sharing on diseases 3. Increase access of rural care givers to specialist support and remote diagnosis 4. Increase access to reproductive health information. 5. Telemedicine Disaster management information 12
Applying ICT4SD Applying ICT4SD 49 Goal and Targets Role of ICT 50 Goal and Targets Role of ICT Improve Environment sustainability 1. Remote sensing technologies for monitoring, resource management and mitigation of environmental risks. 2. Increase access to/awareness of development strategies, sanitation, water management and mining. 3. Facilitate knowledge exchanges among stakeholders Others 1. AML-CFT automation at national level (FATF) 2. National Bidding (bolpatra.gov.np) 3. E-Payments (revenue collection, and disbursement of cash by government) 4. Crime Control 5. Automation for labor management and welfare 6. Immigration and border control 7. National GIS Expectations with ICT and organizational development o Effective organization Thank You o Efficient organization o Organization with proper control and governance o Sustainable development and management practices 13