ANSI/BHMA A156.26-2012 Revision of ANSI/BHMA A156.26-2006 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR CONTINUOUS HINGES SPONSOR BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. Revision B 2/15/2017 Formatted: Centered 1
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the Standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard is permitted to be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards receive current information on all Standards by calling or writing The American National Standards Institute. Published by BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. 355 Lexington Avenue New York, New York 10017 www.buildershardware.com Copyright 20172 by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. Not to be reproduced without specific authorization from BHMA Printed in the USA This Standard was developed by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. It was approved by ANSI under the canvass method. BHMA was accredited on 21 March 1983 as a sponsor using the Canvass Method. 2
FOREWORD (This Foreword is not a part of ANSI/BHMA A156.26) The general classification of builders hardware includes a wide variety of items which are divided into several categories. To recognize this diversity, a sectional classification system has been established. Continuous Hinges is one such section and this Standard is a result of the collective efforts of members of the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. who manufacture these products. The total Product Standards effort is, therefore, a collection of sections, each covering a specific category of items. Performance tests and, where necessary, dimensional requirements have been established to insure a degree of safety and stability. There are no restrictions on design except for those dimensional requirements imposed. This Standard is not intended to obstruct but rather to encourage the development of improved products, methods and materials. The BHMA recognizes that errors will be found, items will become obsolete, and new products, methods and materials will be developed. With this in mind, the Association plans to update, correct and revise these Standards on a regular basis. It shall also be the responsibility of manufacturers to request such appropriate revisions. 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1. Scope... 5 2. Definitions... 5 3. General... 6 4. Test Equipment... 7 5. Test Procedures... 7 6. Tests... 8 Appendix A & B... 10 Figures 1-12 Barrel & Gear Hinges... 11 Figures 13, 14 & 15 Test Fixtures... 13 4
1. SCOPE 1.1 This Standard establishes requirements for architectural continuous hinges used in building construction. Cycle, finish, abuse, overload, vertical wear, and strength tests are included. 1.2 Tests described in this Standard are performed under laboratory conditions. In actual usage, results vary because of installation, maintenance, and environmental conditions. 2. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Architectural Continuous Hinge. A single hinge used to hang a door and having the same or nearly the same height (length) as the door. 2.1.1 Barrel Type. A continuous hinge with knuckles formed around a pin extending the entire length of the hinge. See Figure 1. 2.1.2 Gear Type. A continuous hinge with each leaf having a spline intermembering with the other and contained within a cap. See Figure 2. 2.1.3 Edge Mounted. Having one leaf applied to the surface of the butt edge of the door and the other leaf applied to the surface of the rabbet of the frame. See Figure 1 & 2. 2.1.4 Full Surface. Having one leaf applied to the face of the door and the other leaf applied to the face of the door frame. See Figures 9 & 10. 2.1.5 Half Edge Mounted. Having one leaf applied to the surface of the butt edge of the door and the other leaf applied to the face of the door frame. See Figures 5 & 6 2.1.6 Half Surface. Having one leaf applied to the face of the door and the other leaf applied to the surface of the rabbet edge of the door frame. See Figures 3 & 4. 2.1.7 Half Surface 3/4 Offset. A barrel type that is half surface applied and has a pivot point that is offset 3/4 in (19 mm). See Figure 7. 2.1.8 Raised Barrel. A barrel type that is edge applied and is offset at the barrel. See Figure 8. 2.1.9 Swing Clear. Having an offset that causes the door when opened 90 to 95 degrees to be completely clear of the opening. See Figures 11 & 12. 2.2 Cap. An extruded channel housing the intermeshing geared leaves of a gear type hinge. 2.3 Hospital Tips. A hinge having sloped caps or sloped ends. 2.4 Knuckle. A hollow circular part created by forming the hinge leaves through which a pin is passed. 2.5 Leaf. The portion of a hinge extending laterally from the knuckle or gear that revolves around the gear or pin. 2.6 Length. The measure of the leaf parallel to the gear or pin. 2.7 Maximum Security Pin (MSP). A hinge pin that has been fixed after insertion by welding, pinning or other permanent means to prevent hinge pin removal without the use of special tools. Set screws are not permitted. Affords greater security than a non-removable pin. 2.8 Non-Removable Pin (NRP) A hinge pin secured by a set screw or other equivalent means and affords less security than the Maximum Security Pin. This modification is intended as a deterrent only. 2.9 Pin In a barrel hinge, the rod running through the entire length of the barrel which is contained within the knuckles. 5
2.10 Plug Essentially an end cap to retain or cover the pin. 2.11 Safety Stud A projecting member on one surface of an edge mounted hinge leaf that engages a hole in the opposite leaf when the door is closed. 2.12 Swaging Offsetting a hinge leaf at the barrel so the surface of the leaf is not tangent to the outer diameter of the barrel. 2.13 Tamper Resistant A gear type continuous hinge provided with a means of securing the cap onto the intermeshing geared leaves so it cannot be easily removed. This modification is intended as a deterrent only. 3. GENERAL 3.1 Dimensions US units are used in this Standard with approximate SI (metric) unit equivalents given in parentheses. All dimensions not carrying specific tolerances or not marked maximum or minimum are permitted to have deviations. 3.2 Fastenings Hinges shall be furnished with screws, bolts, or other fastenings as required and of a size necessary for application and shall harmonize with the hinge as to finish and material. 3.3 Metal Finishes See ANSI/BHMA A156.18-2016 for Materials and Finishes. 3.4 Non-Rising Loose Pins Barrel type hinges shall have pins that shall be removable without damaging exposed surfaces of the hinge or tip and shall be retained by means that offer effective resistance to movement of the pin from its seat, but allows the pin to be removed by moderate force. 3.5 Options Architectural continuous hinges shall be permitted with the following options when so specified (consult individual manufacturer's catalogs): Hospital Tips Maximum Security Pin (MSP) Non-removable Pins (NRP) Raised Barrel Tamper Resistant Safety Stud Special Decorator Caps Special Fasteners Special Swaging Electrical Modifications 3.6 Reference to Other Standards Standards referenced in this Standard are available from www.buildershardware.com, www.ansi.org, www.steeldoor.org, and www.astm.org. 3.7 Door Preparation The application of continuous hinges to steel door and frame preparations shall be coordinated with the specifications in ANSI/SDI A250.6 Hardware on Standard Steel Doors and Frames, and A250.7 Nomenclature for Standard Steel Doors and Frames. 3.8 Stainless Steel Pins All non-ferrous barrel type hinges shall be equipped with stainless steel pins. Exposed heads of plugs or stainless steel pins shall be finished to be compatible with the finish of the hinge. 3.9 Swaging Nominal clearances vary by manufacturer and model. The clearance tolerance between the leaves of edge mounted barrel type hinges when closed to the parallel position shall be ± 1/32 in (0.8 mm). 6
4. TEST EQUIPMENT 4.1 Door Provide a 36 in x 84 in x 1 3 /4 in (914 mm x 2134 mm x 44 mm) conventional metal door that is not mortised for hinges, or a skeletonized structure having an equivalent center of gravity in all directions after weights are applied. The hinge mounting surface shall be a continuous steel strip with a minimum thickness of 1/4 in (6.4 mm) and a minimum height of 84 in (2134 mm). See Figure 15. 4.2 Jamb Provide a 1 ¾ in. (44 mm) minimum width vertical steel jamb with a minimum thickness of 1/4 in (6.4 mm) to hang the test door. The jamb shall be anchored in such a way as to prevent any movement of the door and jamb assembly under the loads imposed by the tests. 4.3 Cycle Test Actuator Provide an actuator for operating the cycle test that produces a door angular velocity characteristic of a sinusoidal curve. Attach it to the door no closer to the hinge axis than the center of gravity and on a horizontal line passing through the center of gravity. The actuator shall open the test door from the closed position + 5 degrees/- 0 degrees to an open position of 90 + 5 degrees and return the door to the closed position. The actuator shall attach to the door no closer to the hinge axis than the center of gravity and on a horizontal line passing through the center of gravity. Each cycle shall start and end at a point 1 to 5 degrees from the normal closed position of the door and swing open through 90 ± 5 degrees and return. 4.4 Cycle Counter Provide a mechanical or electrical counter registering one cycle for each opening and closing of the test door. 4.5 Instruments Provide precision instruments accurate within 5% for measuring lateral and vertical displacement. 5. TEST PROCEDURES 5.1 Hinges to Test Test edge mounted architectural continuous hinges of the geared or barrel type. Certification of the edge mounted type shall apply to other mountings providing the manufacturer attests that the barrel or gear construction of the other types in any one size are identical in all significant respects. All performance tests shall be conducted on the same test specimen. Select at random, three specimens for salt spray testing using 4 in (102 mm) long sections of three different continuous hinges. 5.2 Application Drill and tap the jamb and door surface as directed by the manufacturer's installation instructions. Apply the hinge to the door and frame using the fasteners supplied by the manufacturer. Vertically align both door and jamb with a level or plumb bob. 5.3 Lubricants Lubricants that have been applied during manufacture as a standard procedure are permitted, but lubricants shall not be added during the test. 5.4 Test Environment Tests shall be conducted in ambient room atmospheric conditions. 6. TESTS 6.1 Initial Measurements Measure and record each mounted and loaded continuous hinge to determine the vertical and lateral distance between the door leaf and the adjacent frame or to a measuring block. Hinge load must match same setup and weight specified for cycle test below. All measurements shall be taken with the door in the closed position and at the top of the door. 7
6.2 Overload Test With the loaded door in the zero degree position, apply an additional 150 lbs (68 kg) load 40 inches from the bottom of the door, and at a horizontal distance from the hinge axis equal to the test door width. After five minutes, remove weights, and measure lateral shift away from the frame at the top edge of the door. Lateral shift shall not exceed the value below. See Figure 214. Requirements All Grades.062 in (1.6 mm) Maximum 6.3 Abuse Test Lock the door in the closed position. Test per ASTM F476-201484, paragraphs 189.1 and 189.2 test method and using the apparatus shown in Figure 15 of this Standard A156.26. The impact location shall be at the point 18 inches from the bottom and 3 inches from the hinge side. Requirements Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Gr. 2 requirements + 2 blows of 150 lbf ft Gr. 3 requirements + 2 blows of 120 lbf ft 2 blows of 60 lbf ft + 2 blows of 90 lbf ft 6.4 Cycle Test Using the actuator described in 4.3 cycle to the respective requirements below. Grades shall be specified along with the door weight tested, for example Grade 1-150. Requirements Pins or plugs shall not have risen more than 1/4 in (6.4 mm). Test Door Weight 150 lbs (68 kg) Cycle at a rate of 10 to 20 per minute Grade 1-150 Grade 2-150 Grade 3-150 2,500,000 1,500,000 350,000 Test Door Weight 300 lbs (135 kg) Cycle at a rate of up to 10 per minute Grade 1-300 Grade 2-300 Grade 3-300 1,000,000 500,000 150,000 Test Door Weight 600 lbs (270 kg) Cycle at a rate of up to 10 per minute Grade 1-600 Grade 2-600 Grade 3-600 500,000 250,000 100,000 Test Door Weight 1200 lbs (540 kg) Cycle at a rate of up to 10 per minute Grade 1-1200 Grade 2-1200 Grade 3-1200 250,000 100,000 50,000 6.5 Repeat the Overload Test 6.2 6.6 Repeat the Abuse Test 6.3 6.7 Vertical Wear Test. Re-measure the vertical distances. The difference in measurements shall not exceed the values below. All measurements shall be taken at the top of the hinge side of the door with the door in the closed position. See Figure 13. Requirements Maximum Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3.020 in (0.5 mm).030 in (0.76 mm).105 in (2.67 mm) 6.8 Lateral Wear Test Re-measure the lateral distances. The difference in measurements shall not exceed the values below. All measurements shall be taken at the top edge of the door on the latch side with the door in the closed position. See Figure 2. 8
Requirements Maximum All Grades:.062 in (1.6 mm) 6.9 Electrified Hinge Test 6.9.1 Wiring means supplied with electrified hinges shall be listed to UL 634 UL Standard for Safety for Connectors and Switches for Use with Burglar Alarm Systems. 6.9.2 The wiring means shall also be tested to the following procedure: The wire shall be energized to 100% of the rated amperage classified by the UL 634 listing. The wire shall remain functional for a minimum of 350,000 cycles. Each cycle shall consist of an opening of 90 +/- 5 degrees, at a rate of no more than 10 per minute. The manufacturer shall state the tested voltage and amperage along with their listing in the BHMA Certified Product Directory. The test is not intended to test the mechanical characteristics of the hinge. 6.9.3 Example of a bench test apparatus; full door also acceptable 6.10 Salt Spray Test Finish Test specimens shall not have corrosion exceeding the values given below when tested in accordance with ANSI/BHMA A156.18. Requirements Clear Coatings on single plated ferrous material All Grades: 24 Hours Painted material All Grades: 48 Hours Non-Ferrous material - plated or unplated, coated or uncoated All Grades: 72 Hours Stainless steel All Grades: 200 Hours 9
7. EXPLANATION OF NUMBERING SYSTEM 7.1 First letter denotes BHMA Product Section (A) First numeral indicates general type of material used: 1-Brass, Bronze 3-Aluminum Second numeral identifies type of product: 1-Edge Mounted Hinges 2-Half Edge Mounted Hinges 5-Swing Clear 7-Wide Throw Third numeral denotes electrical modifications: 0-None 1-Concealed Wire Transfer 4-Other 5-Stainless Steel, 300 Series 8-Steel 3-Full Surface Hinges 4-Half Surface Hinges 6-Raised Barrel 0-Other 2-Monitor 3-Power Transfer 5-Power over Ethernet (PoE) Fourth numeral denotes door weight (lbs): 1-150 3-600 2-300 4-1200 Fifth numeral designates the grade classification of the item: 1 - Grade 1 3 - Grade 3 2 - Grade 2 Second letter denotes hinge type B-Barrel G-Geared 7.2 Example: A13021B Section A, brass/bronze material, full surface hinges, no electrical modifications, for a 300 lb. door, grade 1, barrel hinge. Specify other options as applicable (See 3.5) -F Denotes Fire Rated 10
8. PRODUCT TYPE ILLUSTRATIONS BARREL TYPE HINGE EDGE MOUNT GEAR TYPE HINGE EDGE MOUNT BARREL TYPE HINGE HALF SURFACE GEAR TYPE HINGE HALF SURFACE BARREL TYPE - HALF EDGE MOUNT GEAR TYPE HINGE - HALF EDGE MOUNT 11
BARREL TYPE HINGE-HALF SURFACE ¾ IN. OFFSET RAISED BARREL TYPE HINGE BARREL TYPE HINGE FULL SURFACE GEAR TYPE HINGE FULL SURFACE BARREL TYPE-SWING CLEAR GEARED TYPE HINGE-SWING CLEAR 12
APPENDIX A - (NOT A PART OF ANSI/BHMA A156.26) A-1 CONFORMANCE CRITERIA Certification that products offered meet the requirements of this Standard and conform to individual manufacturer's drawings, specifications, standards and quality assurance practices are available and in some circumstances are required. Buyer requirements determine the need for proof of conformance such as first article inspection, test laboratory reports or listings. Specifiers requiring assertions of conformance utilize statements of conformance by individual manufacturers, or test reports acceptable to the buyer. A-2 PRESERVATION, PACKAGING, AND PACKING Unless other arrangements between buyer and seller are made, preservation, packaging and packing shall be sufficient to protect containers and their contents under normal shipping and handling conditions from the source of supply to the destination point. A-3 MARKING Unless other arrangements between buyer and seller are made, marking shall be in accordance with the individual manufacturer's standard practice. APPENDIX B - (NOT A PART OF ANSI/BHMA A156.26) Definitions of Terms not used in this Standard but common in the Industry. B-1 Bearings. A separate component made of anti-friction material placed between the hinge bearing surfaces. B-2 End Play The amount of axial movement along the pin between the leaves. B-3 Knuckle Length. The nominal dimension of the knuckle measured parallel to the pin. B-4 Paint Clearance. The minimum dimension between the outer face of the knuckle and the opposing edge of the leaf cutout over the entire range of the pivotal movement of the hinge. B-5 Pin Retention. The manner in which the pin is retained in the hinge including being spun, staked, or welded. B-6 Side Play. The amount of movement of the leaves perpendicular to the pin. B-7 Width. The overall dimension of the leaves measured perpendicular to the pin when in an open position (180 degrees). 13
Figure 1: Gage Block Method for Measuring Vertical Wear Figure 2: Standard Method for Measuring Lateral Wear (View: Facing the Door) Figure 3: Cycle Test Fixture 14
15