CNS SYMPOSIUM 2-3 October 2018 EUROCONTROL s Brussels HQ Preparatory paper: food for thought 1 Introduction EUROCONTROL will host a two-day interactive CNS Symposium on October 2 nd and 3 rd, 2018. This paper provides an executive view of the foreseen CNS evolution in order to ease and support the discussion during the plenary and brainstorming sessions. First, it explains how the CNS roadmap and strategy has been developed in the SESAR project, and why the integrated CNS concept is needed. Then, an overview of the different activities required to move from a roadmap to implementation is provided. Finally, the objectives of the forthcoming CNS symposium are reminded. 2 CNS evolution roadmap and strategy The CNS evolution Roadmap and Strategy have been developed within the SESAR 2020 project 14 (Essential and Efficient CNS). The roadmap has been developed using a combination of both a topdown and a bottom-up approach. The top-down approach identified the required CNS changes to support the SESAR key performance improvements targeted by the 2015 edition of the European ATM Master Plan. This approach did not consider Communication, Navigation and Surveillance as being independent domains but assessed how CNS would need to be integrated and to adapt to meet the future ATM challenges. It led to the development of the SESAR CNS vision and eight strategic directions summarised as follows: Increase digitalisation, connectivity and higher automation levels Implement a safe, secure and resilient infrastructure Move from physical assets management to CNS services Develop Performance Based and Integrated CNS concepts Combine satellite-based, airborne, and ground-based CNS Rationalise infrastructure Increase Civil-Military synergies and dual-use Ensure an efficient and long-term availability of suitable spectrum. The bottom-up approach described the current Communication, Navigation and Surveillance applications and infrastructure and provided a status on the operations and technology being currently developed by SESAR. Given that a minimum of 10 to 15 years is required to develop, standardised, certify and start deploying a new technology in aviation, the identification of the ongoing development gives the short to mid-term CNS evolution and provides valuable clues on the future CNS systems. In addition, a summary of the spectrum per-band analysis carried out during the
SESAR 1 project has been inserted. Finally, the applicable regulation material and standards have been listed. Communication, Navigation and Surveillance experts have conducted this bottom-up approach and the results have been presented per C, N and S domain. The concatenation of both the top-down and bottom-up approach led to: The development of the integrated CNS concept: the bottom-up approach indicated that technologies would need to be shared between Communication, Navigation and Surveillance domains, GNSS being the most obvious example. Equally, the top-down approach identified the need to bring the three domains together. The definition of the Minimum Operational Network concept: initially introduced by the US FAA to describe the evolution of their VOR network, this concept has been generalized to the CNS infrastructure and could be defined by A fair rationalisation of the legacy infrastructure down to a point where it can still operate as a backup or provide an efficient support. The definition of a target CNS infrastructure translating the CNS SESAR vision into tangible elements. The infrastructure layer shall include a backbone of recent and global technologies in the form of secured CNS Services (Multi-datalink, GNSS, ADS-B/C, advanced avionic and SWIM), supported by Minimum Operational Network of legacy infrastructure. The operational layer will bring together Performance-Based CNS applications, including Performance Based Aerodrome Operating Minima. The figure below illustrates the target infrastructure. The development of a transition path in the form of a stepped approach, that will bridge the current infrastructure and applications with the long-term operations, while being consistent with other road-mapping activities, such as the ICAO Global Air Navigation Plan. The identification of the CNS rationalisation opportunities: along with the CNS infrastructure evolution, some systems may be decommissioned, other can be rationalised. Figure 1: CNS target infrastructure
This roadmap is being used as input for the 2018 edition of the European ATM Master Plan, which is currently under development. 3 From roadmap to implementation The CNS evolution foreseen and described in the CNS roadmap will need the coordination of various activities managed by multiple stakeholders and institutions. A non-exhaustive list of such activities is given below: CNS policy, strategy and road-mapping: Performance and operational targets to improve the overall ATM efficiency are set by EU policies and strategies and are included in the European ATM Master Plan. CNS being one of the ATM enablers, these targets turn into requirements for CNS to evolve toward the target infrastructure. Such requirements need to be translated into technical plans through dedicated CNS roadmap and implementation plans. CNS modernization: modernization in aviation is a long process. The steps could be summarized as: exploratory research, industrial research and solutions development, standardisation, regulations, certification and deployment. The CNS modernization will focus on: o The development of Performance-based application: deployment of future application under a performance-based framework should reduce operating costs and meet the future ATM capacity demands.. It will also enable ATM CNS to evolve from system-based operations toward CNS applications supported by a mix of o technology options. A backbone of recent and global infrastructure in the form of secured CNS services: the combination of space, airborne and ground based infrastructure will provide global services. Security requirements need to be implemented to mitigate cyber-threats. Research and deployment phases can be supported by European incentive programs. Where and when needed, Implementing Rules can ease the deployment phase by breaking the wellknown chicken and egg circle. These different phases are involving multiple stakeholder and institutions. Support to deployment: the availability of appropriate operational tools can ease the deployment and maintenance of new technologies and operations. Equally, up-to-date training customized and made available to all stakeholders support the CNS evolution. CNS rationalisation: Along with the CNS modernization, decommissioning plan can be developed to downsize the legacy infrastructure toward Minimum Operational Network. Such plans are in the hand of the infrastructure owners and needs to be technically coordinated across Europe to make the best use of the existing assets. CNS performance monitoring: the performances of the CNS infrastructure, including the use of spectrum, need to be continuously monitored and compared with the performance targets. This monitoring can take place at various technical levels. Equally, the implementation of the applications that provides benefit for the airspace users as well as fleet equipage need to be monitored and compared with the operational targets. Spectrum management: securing the long-term availability of suitable radio spectrum through cooperative engagement in the global spectrum environment is a key enabler to the CNS target infrastructure. CNS resource allocations: scarce natural resources with finite capacity need to be shared in an efficient manner across Europe. A coordinated allocation of these resources is the best
way to maximize the infrastructure efficiency. Examples of limited resources that are requiring strong coordination are the VHF frequencies or the radar interrogation codes. Global interoperability: CNS global interoperability including civil-military synergies and dual use is one the strategic direction identified by the SESAR program. In addition, interoperability between manned and unmanned aircraft need to be ensure, as well as the interoperability with future operations like stratospheric flight, or with other means of transportation. Global and technical coordination: The foreseen CNS evolution will require the involvement of all aviation stakeholders and institutions. Such a deep transformation can only be achieved through a continuous coordination at various technical and decisional levels via dedicated working groups and under the technical support of EUROCONTROL as a neutral organisation with the relevant expertise. All of these activities are already taken care of and under the role and responsibilities of multiple stakeholders and institutions. However, there is a need for a stronger coordination at European level to bring them together in a consolidated and harmonised stepped approach. 4 CNS Symposium EUROCONTROL HQ, October, 2 nd 3 rd 2018. EUROCONTROL will host a two-day interactive CNS Symposium aiming at providing the audience with up-to-date information, and gathering the CNS perspectives from all aviation stakeholders. The CNS status and evolution will be presented during plenary sessions: Institutional framework, Airspace Users views, ANSP perspectives, Industrial perspectives and CNS service providers perspectives. Feedback from all aviation stakeholders will be collected, discussed and debated during the following brainstorming sessions: CNS rationalisation and modernization: which enablers and framework to succeed? Technologies convergence opportunities: drones, general aviation military and commercial aircraft Future datalink for aviation: what technologies? What to expect from Performance Based CNS services? CNS long-term evolution: is there a need for new CNS systems post 2040? The combination of plenary and brainstorming sessions will be a suitable opportunity to address and debate how to best ensure a fully coordinated CNS transition at European level toward the objective infrastructure. The conclusions from the Symposium will be shared with the participants at the end of the event, and will be presented at the upcoming EUROCONTROL Agency Advisory Body meeting 22, on October, 23 rd, 24 th.
5 Annex: CNS Roadmap in a graphical form The figure below provides a graphical view of the CNS Roadmap. There is one arrow per technology or type of technology. The target infrastructure backbone have been identified using grey boxes, whereas the technology expected to be deployed or rationalized in minimum operational network have been identified with pink boxes. On top of the technological arrows, the applications supported by the underlying technologies have been identified. The applications have been categorized according to the ATM key features defined in the European ATM Master Plan: optimized network services, advanced air traffic services and high performing airport operations. The colour of the application label is linked with these categories. Finally, a time reference has been added on the top of the roadmap, identifying the ~5-years block from now to 2025, 2025-2030, 2030-2035 and beyond 2035. These time references should be seen as indication and not as firm implementation date. The objective of this roadmap is not to provide a project management plan on the future CNS implementation, but rather to provide an executive view on which CNS application and infrastructure should be ready by when. The scope of the roadmap below has been limited to the Safety-Of-Life applications, therefore, some non-safety-of-life applications mentioned earlier are not indicated in the roadmap (for instance the open connectivity and the application based on 3G/4G/5G networks). Figure 2: CNS Roadmap