Stacked Textile Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Communication Application Neha Gupta 1, Vinod Kumar singh 2, Naresh.B 3 1&2 S.R. Group of Institutions, Jhansi, India Abstract: In this paper the modified design of the textile antenna has been proposed & studied. The textile antenna are capable to use various type of communication like satellite communication and also used for monitoring, alerting whenever military use and various mankind work such as medical field, emergency relief program. In this article a tripple wideband high directivity stacked textile antenna is proposed. The ultrawide trippleband characteristics are achieved by stacking geometry using middle patch as U shape and upper patch as H shape. The proposed antenna also shows wideband behavior with an impedance bandwidth of 18.38 % in the frequency range of 3.667GHz to 4.409 GHz, 7.76% in the frequency range of 7.2132 GHz to 7.795 GHz and 7.67% in the frequency range of 10.03 GHz to 10.83 GHz respectively. The textile material is used because it is wearable, washable, economical, and flexible & needs less care. Simulated results like bandwidth, return loss, radiation pattern, gain and efficiency are presented to validate the importance of the current proposed design. Keywords: Textile antenna, ultra wide tripple band, efficiency, stacked textile antenna, return loss. 1. Introduction Textile antenna consists of textile materials which have a very low dielectric constant, so that it reduces the surface wave losses and improves the impedance bandwidth of the textile antenna. When high dielectric substrates are used, the size of textile antennas becomes larger. Textile material is basically classified into two categories: Man Made fibers and Natural fibers. The manmade fibers are again subcatagorised as synthetic fiber which is polymer from their molecular structure. There are some important properties of the antenna such as return loss called S 11, gain and radiation pattern can be calculated by using numerical simulation software CST microwave studio. Recently, possibilities of connecting completely independent appliances with the textile have emerged. Full success however will be achieved only when antennas and all related components are entirely converted into 100% textile materials. Therefore, by embedding antennas in garments a patient-friendly stand alone suit can be obtained. Moreover, the use of embedded textile components guarantees washing of the suit and accordingly reuse of it. On the other hand, the commercial use of frequency bands from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz was approved for ultra-wideband (UWB) systems by the Federal Communications Commission in 2002 [1-7]. UWB transmission antennas do not need to radiate or transmit a high-power signal to the receiver and can have a larger battery. By using UWB technology with wearable technology an UWB antenna using 100% textile materials using flannel as substrate.[8-13] Unlike previous textile antennas, the present work is found to be capable of meeting the important requirements of wearable electronic devices such as being robust, consumes less amount of power, being comfortable to wear [14-17]. A wearable antenna can be used as clothing (such as jackets) used for communication purposes, which includes tracking and navigation, mobile computing, public safety and wireless communication. By using Wireless Body Sensor Networks for healthcare applications, the design of wearable antennas offers the possibility of ubiquitous monitoring, communication and energy harvesting and storage. Basic requirements for wearable antennas are a planar structure and flexible construction materials. Material s several properties influence the working of the antenna [18-21]. In addition, the current manuscript materials used can guarantee washing of the wearable device if the conductive part is made up from conductive thread existing in market and accordingly reuse of it. The measured results of the present antenna designs are compared with simulations, and good agreement is observed. The main benefits of the textile antennas are lightweight, not expensive & robust & very low maintenance. 210 Neha Gupta, Vinod Kumar singh, Naresh.B
2. Design of proposed antenna In the proposed design, textile material (Jeans) is used as a substrate and copper is used to make ground & patch. The proposed textile antenna provides the tripple band, which is compatible for various wireless communications. Copper adhesive tape is an essential hardware which can be used as patch and ground for the proposed antenna. Substrate must also be textile. It can be cotton or flannel textile as per requirement [13-16]. We are using computer simulation tool (CST studio 2012) for antenna designing virtually and using new material of dielectric 1.7 and loss tangent 0.025. Figure1 shows the geometry of the proposed stacked textile antenna, with dimensions of partial ground Plane, middle patch and lower patch and all parameters are shown in table 1. Figure1. Geometry of the proposed stacked textile antenna, (a) Partial ground Plane, (b) middle patch, (c) lower patch 87.94 a (1) fr Table 1 Proposed Antenna Parameters Parameters Values Thickness, h [mm] 3.0 Relative permittivity [ε r ] 1.7 Loss Tangent 0.025 Lg [mm] 92.6 Wg [mm] 10 W U [mm] 55.2 L H [mm] 41.6 W H [mm] 62.6 U [mm] 14.8 H [mm] 09 r 3. Results and discussions From Fig.2 and Table 2 we can have directivity and S 11 parameters at resonant frequencies after simulation on CST studio. Figure 3 shows 3D radiation pattern at 3.924 GHz, 7.488 GHz and 10.476 GHz frequencies. At resonant frequency 3.924 GHz directivity is about 6.123 dbi having the frequency range 3.667 GHz to 4.409 GHz, at resonant frequency 7.488 GHz the directivity is 5.987 dbi which is quite imposing and with S 11 of -15.97 db. From table 2 it can easily be judged that directivity is highest at lowest frequency and 211 Neha Gupta, Vinod Kumar singh, Naresh.B
S 11 is also highest i.e. -21.33 db and at frequency 10.476 GHz S 11 is -13.89 db which is quite remarkable can be used for diffrent wireless communication systems. In Fig 4, 2D Radiation pattern at 3.924 GHz, 7.488 GHz and 10.476 GHz frequencies has been studied. Figure 2. S 11 -parameter Vs Frequency of proposed textile antenna. Resonant Frequency Table 2 Simulated Results of Proposed Antenna Directivity (dbi) S 11 (db) Frequency Range(GHz) BW (%) 3.924 GHz, 6.123-21.33 3.667-4.409 18.38 7.488 GHz 5.987-15.97 7.2132-7.795 07.76 10.476 GHz 5.150-13.89 10.03-10.83 07.67 (a) 212 Neha Gupta, Vinod Kumar singh, Naresh.B (b)
(c) Figure3. 3D Radiation pattern at (a) 3.924 GHz, (b) 7.488 GHz, (c) 10.476 GHz frequencies (a) (b) 213 Neha Gupta, Vinod Kumar singh, Naresh.B
(c) Figure 4 2D Radiation pattern at (a) 3.924 GHz, (b) 7.488 GHz, (c)10.476 GHz frequencies. 4. Conclusion: The stacked textile antenna using jeans and foam substrate with tripple band characteristics is presented and studied. The proposed textile antenna covers a wide impedance bandwidth and operates in three different bands. The proposed antenna gives three different wide bands with the impedance bandwidth of 18.38%, 07.76%, and 07.67%. The antenna is suited for satellite communication. References: 1. Balanis, C. A., Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2004. 2. Dinesh K. Singh, Binod K. Kanaujia, Santanu Dwari, Ganga P. Pandey, and Sandeep Kumar, Multiband Circu larly Polarized S tacked Microstrip Antenna, Progres s I n Electromagnetics Res ea rch C, Vol. 56, 55 64, 2015. 3. Rajeev Shankar Pathak, Vinod Kumar Singh, Shahanaz Ayub Dual band Microstrip Antenna for GPS/ WLAN/WiMax Applications International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Development(ISSN:2249-6149),Issue2 Vol.7,pp154-159,November 2012. 4. Stuti Srivastava, Vinod Kumar Singh, Bow-Tie Shaped Printed Antenna for UMTS/WLAN/WiMAX applications Journal of Environmental Science, Computer Science and Engineering & Technology (ISSN: 2278 179X), Vol.3.No.1, 0261-0268, December 2013. 5. Deepak, Vinod Kumar Singh, and Rajeev s. Pathak A study on inverted T shaped micro strip antenna at different frequencies International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science ISSN: 2319-7242 Volume 2. Issue 11 Pages No. 3180-3183, Nov.2013. 6. Saurabh Jain, Vinod Kumar Singh, Shahanaz Ayub, Band Width and Gain Optimization of a Wide Band Gap Coupled Patch Antenna, International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology (IJESRT) ISSN 2277 9655 pp-649-652, March-2013. 7. Seema Dhupkariya, Vinod Kumar Singh, Textile Antenna for C-Band Satellite Communication Application Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks (ISSN: 2394-1987) Vol 2 Issue 2 pp - 20-25, July 2015. 8. Nikhil Singh, A K Singh and Vinod Kumar Singh, Design and performance of wearable ultra wide band textile antenna for medical application Microwave and optical technology Letters Vol 57, No 7, July 2015 9. Mai A. R. Osman, M. K. A. Rahim, M. Azfar, N. A. Samsuri, F. Zubir, and K. Kamardin, Design, implementation and performance of ultra-wideband textile antenna Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 27, 307-325, 2011. 10. Vinod Kumar Singh, Zakir Ali, Shahanaz Ayub, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, A wide band Compact Microstrip Antenna for GPS/DCS/PCS/WLAN Applications, Intelligent Computing, Networking, and Informatics, (Book ISBN: 978-81-322-1664-3), Volume 243, 2014, pp 1107-1113, Springer. 11. Rajat Srivastava, Vinod Kumar Singh, Shahanaz Ayub, Comparative Analysis and Bandwidth Enhancement with Direct Coupled C Slotted Microstrip Antenna for Dual Wide Band Applications,(Book ISBN: 978-3-319-12011-9), Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, Springer, Volume 328, pp: 449-455, 2015, 214 Neha Gupta, Vinod Kumar singh, Naresh.B
12. Sakshi Lumba, Vinod Kumar Singh, Rajat Srivastava, Bandwidth Enhancement by Direct Coupled Antenna for WLAN/GPS/WiMax Applications & Feed Point Analysis through ANN, Computational Intelligence in Data Mining, (Book ISBN: 978-81-322-2205-7), Volume 31, pp: pp 97-108, 2014. 13. Mayank Dwivedi, Vinod Kumar Singh, Mandeep singh Saini Compact Dual Band Slotted Microstrip Antenna for IEEE 802.11b Applications International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering (ISSN: 2277 128X), Volume 2, Issue 10,pp 406-409, October 2012. 14. Yang, T., W. A. Davis, and W. L. Stutzman, Wearable Ultra-Wideband Half-disk Antennas," IEEE International Symposium Antennas and Propagation Society, Vol. 3A, pp-500-503, Jul. 3-8, 2005. 15. Sanz-Izquierdo, B., F. Huang, and J. C. Batchelor, Covert dual-band wearable button antenna," Electronics Letters, Vol. 42, No. 12,pp 668-670, Jun. 8, 2006. 16. Langley, R. and S. Zhu, Dual band wearable antenna," 336 Material.LAPC 2008, Antennas and Propagation Conference, pp14-17, Loughborough, Mar. 17-18, 2008. 17. Chandran, A. R. and W. G. Scanlon, Dual-band low probe antennas for body-centric communications," 2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (IWAT), 1-4, Mar pp1-3, 2010. 18. Sankaralingam, S. and B. Gupta, Development of textile antennas for body wearable applications and investigations on their performance under bent conditions," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 22, pp 53-71, 2010. 19. Sankaralingam, S. and B. Gupta, Determination of dielectric constant of fabric materials and their use as substrates for design and development of antennas for wearable applications," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol. 59, No. 12,pp 3122-3130, Dec. 2010. 20. Sankaralingam, S. and B. Gupta, Use of electro-textiles for development of wibro antennas," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 16, pp 183-193, 2010. 21. Liu, N.; Lu, Y.; Qiu, S.; Li, P. Electromagnetic Properties of Electro-Textile for Wearable Antennas, Applications Front Electr Electron. Eng., 6, 553 566 China 2011. 215 Neha Gupta, Vinod Kumar singh, Naresh.B