Millimeter wave: An excursion in a new radio interface for 5G

Millimeter wave: An excursion in a new radio interface for 5G Alain Mourad Cambridge Wireless, London 03 February 2015 Creating the Living Network

5G: the evolution to the smarter living network Wave 1 (Voice) Wave 2 (Visual) 5G: The Living Network glory days of GSM IMS promises walled garden worries! rise of the OTT a new status quo? new services, new business models the living experience the video experience Video ++ IoE Tactile internet Mission critical integrated telephony applications rise of the mobile internet 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 3

5G radio interface: initial requirements & enablers Global consensus emerging on initial requirements and enabling concepts [ITU-R] 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps 10 to 50 Gbps 1 to 10 TBps/Km 2 1 ms 5 to 15 times 4G 50 to 100 times 4G User experienced data rate Peak data rate Area traffic capacity Latency Spectral efficiency Energy efficiency Small cell densification Ultra fast processing Spectrum sharing Spectrum extension Ultra fast switching Massive multiplexing Multi-RAT cooperation Ultra fast throughput Interference coordination 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 4

5G radio interface: technology trends Advanced waveforms and multiple access More flexible waveforms than pure OFDM (e.g. RBF-OFDM; FBMC; etc.) Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) Broader set of modulation and coding schemes Advanced antenna and multi-site technologies 3D-beamforming and MU-MIMO Active Antenna System (AAS) Massive MIMO Network MIMO (Adv. CoMP) Novel duplexing schemes Joint TDD-FDD operation Dynamic TDD Single channel full duplexing New and flexible spectrum usage Our focus next New large spectrum at mmw frequencies Carrier Aggregation of discontinuous bands Dual band split user and control planes Joint multi-rats management Cognitive techniques (Spectrum Sensing) Advanced interference coordination and cancellation techniques Flexible functional split (virtualization / cloudification) Flexible backhauling and joint optimization with access 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 5

Traditional New 5G radio interface: a tale of two spectrum WRC 15 WRC 19 Below 6 GHz Above 6 GHz 700 2300 MHz 2300 6000 MHz 20 50 GHz 60 70 GHz 70 80 GHz 1200 MHz spectrum (Licensed & Unlicensed; Harmonized) Up to 5 GHz spectrum (mostly licensed; Not harmonized) Up to 24 GHz spectrum (mostly unlicensed; Harmonized) Up to 100 MHz BW FDD/TDD Macro cells Long symbol duration Up to 200 MHz BW FDD/TDD Macro/small cells Long symbol duration Up to 1 GHz BW TDD (priority) Small cells Short symbol duration Up to 2 GHz BW TDD (priority) Small cells Short symbol duration 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 6

mmwave: the bandwidth Abundant Millimeter Wave Spectrum can provide fiber-like capacity (multi- Gbps data rates) Industry attention for exclusive licensing Need to deal with incumbents (e.g. FSS) Industry attention on 60 GHz upper part & E-band All options on the table for spectrum licensing Global harmonization possible 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 9

mmwave: the range 20 db free space path loss attenuation compared to below < 6 GHz + additional gaseous (Water Vapor / Oxygen) attenuation Inherently short range Enables X factor of densification Few Kilometers in outdoor LOS 1 db/km @70 GHz Oxygen Target in 5G 100-200m outdoor 10-50m indoor Water Vapor Few meters in indoor NLOS 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 10

mmwave: the beam 2-3 degrees beam width array of antennas for wide angular coverage & multiple simultaneous beams/links @low interference Enables high multiplexing gain Electronically steerable phased array antennas to enable dynamic (re)configuration for guaranteed link reliability (in particular in mobile scenarios) Small form factor (thanks to small antenna aperture and short interantenna distance) enabling the support of large number of antennas at the TX and RX 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 11

mmwave: the capacity (20 x 10 x 5) = 1000x capacity increase Wide contiguous bandwidth X 20 Throughput gain Short range and narrow beams X 10 Densification gain Multiple simultaneous links in the same band X 5 Multiplexing gain 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 12

mmwave: the network mmw backhaul mmw access Next G enb Traditional Cellular Link mmw Phase Array Radio and Antenna Wireless Mesh Backhaul MWC 2015 G A C D 5G Access B E Earliest Commercialization Timeline 2016 2020 Full mmh Architecture 2023 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 13

mmwave: the backhaul InterDigital has high data rate (>1 Gbps), mesh backhaul solution that provides a self-healing, plug-n-play, low cost solution System-oriented approach to develop future small cell platform Wireless backhaul is an enabler Extend to cloud based management, edge caching and other services Low Cost & High Capacity Leverage high volume WiGig baseband Phased Array steerability reduces installation cost > 1 Gbps over 150m+ Scalable system for outdoor small cell deployment New sites can be added without having to re-align antenna pointing at old sites 1Gbps per channel links provide ample near term capacity, with future expansion to all four 2GHz unlicensed channels Mesh Controller MESH LAYER High MAC Lo MAC (incl. data path) PHY Phased Array RF... High MAC Lo MAC (incl. data path) PHY Phased Array RF 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 14

mmwave: the access Options for Network Integration 3GPP Internet mb underlay integrated with RAN architecture, with no Core Network impact Tight interworking at lower-layers between new mmwave RAT and evolved LTE RAN Control plane functions provided by enb and data capacity provided by local mb mb joint access and backhaul design 802.11 (Wi-Fi) Trusted WLAN Gateway (TWAG) S2a S-GW 802.11 3GPP S1-U S1-U P-GW Interfaces with Core Network using standards based WLAN/3GPP interworking Mesh extension of existing mmwave MAC/PHY Shared mb equipment for backhaul and access Multi-band (2.4/5/60 GHz) support for enhanced coverage mb mba mb mb MME mb enb mba mb Control Data mb = Millimeter Wave Base station; mba = mb Aggregator 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 15

mmwave: ongoing development efforts Research Europe H2020 5G PPP Ongoing FP7 (e.g. MiWaves) 5G centers (e.g. Surrey; Dresden) Regulation International WP5D feasibility study above 6 GHz WRC 19 agenda setting at WRC 15 Standards IEEE 802.11 NG60 study group Asia Japan AHG 2020 and beyond Korea 5G Forum China IMT2020 promotion group FCC (USA) Notice of Inquiry for above 24 GHz ETSI mwt ISG (V & E bands for BH) Americas Universities (e.g. NYU; Stanford) Intel SRA; Qualcomm Inst. OFCOM (UK) Call for Inputs for above 6 GHz 3GPP Yet to come 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 16

Few Takeaways 5G radio interface will need to respond to very challenging and diverse requirements, and is therefore expected to include 2 or more complementary technologies (< and > 6 GHz). 5G mmw spectrum will include more than one band (e.g. LMDS, V, E bands) with both licensed and unlicensed regimes. 5G mmw technologies will cover both segments of the small cell network, namely the backhaul and access. There is still room for lot of innovations in particular for the mobile access and its joint optimization with the backhaul. Come and see our mmw backhaul demo at MWC 15 (stand 7A721) 2014 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. Creating the Living Network 18

Thank You! Alain MOURAD, PhD Wireless Technology Specialist InterDigital Europe, Ltd. 64 Great Eastern Street London, EC2A 3QR +44 7920 798 685 Alain.Mourad@InterDigital.com Creating the Living Network