EEU 104 TEKNOLOGI ELEKTRIK

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UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA Peperiksaan Semester Kedua Sidang Akademik 2010/2011 April/Mei 2011 EEU 104 TEKNOLOGI ELEKTRIK Masa : 3 jam ARAHAN KEPADA CALON: Sila pastikan bahawa kertas peperiksaan ini mengandungi LIMA BELAS (15) muka surat termasuk SATU (1) muka surat Lampiran bercetak dan ENAM (6) soalan sebelum anda memulakan peperiksaan ini. Jawab LIMA (5) soalan. Mulakan jawapan anda untuk setiap soalan pada muka surat yang baru. Agihan markah bagi soalan diberikan disudut sebelah kanan soalan berkenaan. Jawab semua soalan di dalam Bahasa Malaysia atau Bahasa Inggeris. Sekiranya terdapat sebarang percanggahan pada soalan peperiksaan, versi Bahasa Inggeris hendaklah diguna pakai. In the event of any discrepancies, the English version shall be used. 2/-

- 2 - [EEU 104] 1. (a) (i) Tukarkan punca arus dalam Rajah 1 kepada punca voltan. Convert the current sources in Figure 1 to voltage sources Rajah 1 Figure 1 (ii) Tentukan nilai arus yang melalui perintang R 2 bagi litar di dalam Rajah 2. Determine the current through the R 2 resistor for the circuit shown in Figure 2. I Rajah 2 Figure 2 (25 markah/marks) (b) Cari nilai arus, I dalam rangkaian dalam Rajah 3. Find the current I in the network in Figure 3. 3/-

- 3 - [EEU 104] (c) Rujuk Rajah 4 Rajah 3 Figure 3 (30 markah/marks) Refer to Figure 4. (i) Kirakan arus, I s and jumlah rintangan, R T Calculate the curent, I s and the total resistance, R T (ii) Kirakan voltan, V 1 and V 5 bagi rangkaian Calculate the voltages, V 1 and V 5 for the network (iii) Cari nilai arus-arus, I 2 dan I 4 Find the indicated current values, indicated as I 2 and I 4 (35 markah/marks) 4/-

- 4 - [EEU 104] Rajah 4 Figure 4 2. (a) Bagi rangkaian dalam Rajah 5. For the network in Figure 5. (i) Tentukan nilai tenaga yang tersimpan dalam setiap pemuat di dalam keadaan stabil Determine the energy stored by each capacitor under steady state condition (ii) Ulangi bahagian (i) jika pemuat adalah sesiri Repeat part (i) if the capacitors are in series Rajah 5 Figure 5 (20 markah/marks) 5/-

- 5 - [EEU 104] (b) Bagi litar dalam Rajah 6 For circuit in Figure 6. (i) Tentukan pemalar masa litar tersebut Determine the time constant of the circuit (ii) Ungkapkan persamaan matematik bagi voltan V c apabila suis ditutup Write the mathematical equation for voltage V c, after the switch is closed (iii) Tentukan V c setelah pemalar masa pertama, ketiga dan kelima Determine V c after one, three and five time constants (iv) Tuliskan persamaan bagi arus I c dan voltan V R Write the equations for the current I c and the voltage V R (v) Lakarkan rajah bagi V c dan i c Sketch the waveforms for V c and i c 6/-

- 6 - [EEU 104] Rajah 6 Figure 6 (35 markah/marks) (c) Cari nilai voltan melalui perintang 4Ω dalam Rajah 7 dengan menggunakan Find the voltage across the 4Ω resistor in Figure 7 using (i) Analisis Nodal Nodal analysis (ii) Superposition Theorem Teorem Superposisi 2A Rajah 7 Figure 7 (45 markah/marks) 7/-

- 7 - [EEU 104] 3. (a) Cari arus, I L dan voltan, V c bagi rangkaian dalam Rajah 8 Find the current I L and the voltage V c for the network in Figure 8 + V C - C E=10V R1=2Ω I L L1 I L R3=4Ω R2=3Ω Rajah 8 Figure 8 (25 markah/marks) (b) Dalam litar perintang DC, hukum Ohm menyatakan bahawa arus V I R mengalir dalam litar tertutup di sebabkan oleh e.m.f. Dalam litar magnet, hukum Ohm menyatakan bahawa fluk magnet Ni bergerak melalui S jalan tertutup dimana Ni adalah m.m.f dan S adalah keeganan diberikan sebagai S l A. r 0 In a DC resistor circuit, Ohm s law states that current V I flows in a R closed loop path is derived by e.m.f. In magnetic circuit, Ohm s law states that magnetic flux and S is the reluctance given by Ni flows in a closed path where Ni is the m.m.f S l S A. r 0 8/-

- 8 - [EEU 104] Dengan menggunakan maklumat di atas; Using the above information; (i) Cari persamaan untuk voltan V t yang di aruh bila lilitan gegelung di alirkan arus i t yang berubah dengan masa Find the expression for the induced voltage with a time varying current i t. V t when a coil is fed (25 markah/marks) (ii) r Tunjukkan bahawa L Show that L 0 r AN 2 0. l l AN 2 (20 markah/marks) (iii) Cari nilai arus, I yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan flux, Φ = 2.4 X 10-4 Wb dalam litar magnetik seperti Rajah 9. Find the current I required to establish a flux Φ = 2.4 X 10-4 Wb in the magnetic circuit in Figure 9. (25 markah/marks) (iv) Bandingkan kejatuhan mmf yang melalui ruang udara dengan kejatuhan mmf yang melalui bahagian kepingan keluli. Bincangkan keputusan anda dengan menggunakan nilai µ bagi setiap bahan. 9/-

- 9 - [EEU 104] Compare the mmf drop across the airgap to that across the rest of the magnetic circuit. Discuss your result using the value of µ for each material. Diberi bahawa, H steel =360 At/m Given that H steel =360 At/m Rajah 9 Figure 9 (30 markah/marks) 10/-

- 10 - [EEU 104] 4. Berdasarkan Rajah 10, jawab soalan-soalan berikut: Based on Figure 10, answer the following questions: Rajah 10 Figure 10 (a) Kirakan galangan litar yang dilihat oleh sumber voltan v(t). Calculate the circuit impedance as seen by the voltage source v(t). (15 markah/marks) (b) Daripada bahagian (i), lukiskan segitiga galangan litar tersebut. From part (i), draw the impedance triangle for the circuit. (5 markah/marks) (c) Dapatkan nilai faktor kuasa litar. Tentukan sama ada faktor kuasa ini mendahului atau menyusul. Find the value of the circuit s power factor. Determine whether this power factor is leading, or lagging. 11/-

- 11 - [EEU 104] (d) Dapatkan persamaan untuk mewakili i(t) sebagai gelombang kosinus. Find the expression to represent i(t) as a cosine waveform. (20 markah/marks) (e) Dapatkan nilai untuk ketiga-tiga jenis kuasa (iaitu kuasa setara S, kuasa aktif P, dan kuasa regangan Q) untuk litar tersebut. Kemudian, lukiskan segitiga kuasa. Find the values for all three powers (i.e. apparent power S, active power P, and reactive power Q) for the circuit. Then, draw the power triangle. (20 markah/marks) (f) Dapatkan magnitude arus yang melalui pemuat C pada masa t=2s. Determine the magnitude of the current that flow through capacitor C at time t =2s. (g) Dapatkan magnitude voltan merentasi perintang R pada masa t =2s. Determine the magnitude of the voltage across resistor R at t =2s. (20 markah/marks) 5. Satu beban bersambung secara delta disusun seperti dalam Rajah 11 (a). Diberikan R 1 =1k, R 2 = 500, R 3 =2k, C=2 F dan L =2H. Voltan bekalan ialah 400V, pada frekuensi 50Hz. Gambarajah fasor bekalan ini ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 11 (b). Dapatkan: A delta-connected load is arranged as in Figure 11 (a). Given that R 1 =1k, R 2 = 500, R 3 =2k, C=2 F and L =2H. The supply voltage is 400V, at frequency 50Hz. The phasor diagram for this supply is shown in Figure 11 (b). Find: /12-

- 12- [EEU 104] (a) Arus fasa i 1 (t) (sebagai gelombang kosinus). Phase current i 1 (t) (as a cosine waveform). (b) Arus fasa i 2 (t) (sebagai gelombang kosinus). Phase current i 2 (t) (as a cosine waveform). (c) Arus fasa i 3 (t) (sebagai gelombang kosinus). Phase current i 3 (t) (as a cosine waveform) (d) Arus talian i R (t) (sebagai gelombang kosinus). Line current i R (t) (as a cosine waveform). (e) Arus talian i Y (t) (sebagai gelombang kosinus). Line current i Y (t) (as a cosine waveform). (f) Arus talian i B (t) (sebagai gelombang kosinus). Line current i B (t) (as a cosine waveform). (g) Jumlah kva. Total kva. (20 markah/marks) /13-

- 13 - [EEU 104] (h) Jumlah tenaga yang dilesapkan. Total power dissipated. (20 markah/marks) Rajah 11 (a) Figure 11 (a) Rajah 11 (b) Figure 11 (b) /14-

- 14 - [EEU 104] 6. 2000V dibekalkan kepada gelungan utama pengubah 120kVA. Pengubah ini menggunakan 500 pusingan sebagai belitan utamanya, dan menggunakan 200 pusingan sebagai belitan keduanya. Gelungan utama mempunyai rintangan 0.4, dan regangan bocor 0.5. Gelungan kedua mempunyai rintangan 0.03, dan regangan bocor 0.01. Faktor kuasa beban-penuh ialah 0.6 mendahului. 2000V is supplied to a 120kVA transformer. This transformer uses 500 turns as its primary winding, and uses 200 turns as its secondary winding. The primary winding has a resistance of 0.4, and a leakage reactance of 0.5. The secondary winding has a resistance of 0.03, and leakage reactance of 0.01. The power factor of the full-load is 0.6 leading. (a) Lukiskan litar setara pengubah berdasarkan maklumat diberi. Draw the equivalent transformer circuit based on the given information. (b) Kirakan nilai rintangan setara merujuk kepada gelungan utama. Calculate the equivalent resistance referred to the primary. (c) Kirakan nilai regangan bocor setara merujuk kepada gelungan utama. Calculate the equivalent leakage reactance referred to the primary. (d) Kirakan nilai magnitud galangan setara merujuk kepada gelungan utama. Calculate the equivalent impedance s magnitude as referred to the primary. /15-

- 15 - [EEU 104] (e) Lukiskan litar setara pengubah berdasarkan jawapan daripada bahagian (b),(c) dan (d). Draw the equivalent transformer circuit based on the answers obtained from (b),(c), and (d). (f) Dapatkan nilai arus beban-penuh pada gelungan utama. Find the value of full-load current in primary winding. (g) Dapatkan nilai pengaturan voltan. Find the voltage regulation value. (h) Kirakan voltan kedua pada ketiadaan beban. Calculate the secondary voltage on no load. (i) Kirakan perubahan voltan pada terminal kedua di antara ketiadaan beban dan beban penuh. Calculate the voltage change on the secondary terminal between no load and full load. (j) Tentukan voltan di terminal kedua pada beban penuh. Determine the secondary terminal voltage on full-load. ooooooo