WirelessUSB LS Radio Module FCC Testing & Verification - AN4006 Introduction One of the bottlenecks that many product developers encounter in incorporating any radio communication device is facing the legal aspect of qualifying the products and going to market without encountering legal problems. The Telecommunication Certification Body (TCB) authorization process in the United States offers manufacturers more than one approval body. The TCB authorization process certifies devices in accordance with FCC rules and policies. The performance of WirelessUSB LS is measured with a reference radio module according to the requirements of FCC rules. The major applicable FCC regulations are described in Section 15.247 (a)(2), section 15.247 (c) and section 15.247 (d). Purpose This document gives a brief overview of the legal issues governing the manufacture and sale of wireless products intended for unlicensed operation in the United States under CFR 47 Part 15 and Industry Canada. Although the operation of wireless radio devices in the ISM band 2.4-2.5 GHz is license free, the product incorporating WirelessUSB system radio IC has to be type approved or meet certain requirements. In the United States the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) is responsible for the regulation of all wireless radio devices. In Canada the Industry Canada rules RSS 210, section 6.2.2 (o) apply for meeting Canadian regulations. The FCC requires any device that radiates RF energy to be tested for compliance with FCC rules. These rules are contained in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 47. Part 15 is the section of the code that deals with devices that emit RF energy and are to be operated without an individual license. FCC Authorization Process The FCC rules for wireless devices are found in Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). Hard copies can be purchased from the Government Printing Office Bookstore, or downloaded electronically at http://www.access.gpo.gov, and http://www.fcc.gov/oet. Title 47 is organized into parts that cover the various radio services. FCC now has only three authorization procedures: Certification: Applies to all transmitters, transceivers, scanning receivers, and radar detectors. DoC: Applies to most receivers, personal computers and peripherals, and residential Part 18 devices. Verification: Used for nonresidential devices operating under FCC Parts 15 and 18; also applies to receivers that are part of a certified transceiver. FCC: The following documents can be obtained from the following FCC web site. FCC Test Procedure for Direct Sequence Radios. PDF PART 15_8-26-03 Public Notice for Modular transmitters. PDF http://www.fcc.gov/oet/info/ Industry Canada: The following document can be obtained from the following Canadian web site. rss-210_iss5.pdf http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/epic/internet/insmt-gst.nsf/vwgeneratedintere/h_sf01841e.html For additional information on FCC and Canadian regulations customers may wish to contact the FCC and Industry Canada directly. The customer can request an approval information packet from the respective government. Customers may also wish to visit the following web site where applicable sections of FCC, Canadian regulations and testing facilities are available for review and download. Federal Communications Commission Equipment Authorization Division Customer Service Branch, MS 1300F2 7435 Oakland Mills Road Columbia, MD 21046 Tel: (301) 725-1585 / Fax: (301) 344-2050 http://www.fcc.gov http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/epic/internet/insmt-gst.nsf/vwgeneratedintere/h_sf01841e.html FCC requirements FCC Part 15, Subpart B Title 47 CFR Unintentional Radiators FCC Part 15, Subpart C Title 47 CFR Intentional Radiators Purpose This test will confirm that the radio module does not radiate unwanted emissions outside of the allowed frequency range Tests for parts 15.209 and 15.107 This will test the spurious radiated, conducted emissions in the allowed frequency band and unintentional emissions in the non-allowed frequency bands. Test for parts 15.247. The applicable FCC rules: 15.247, 15.205, 15.207, 15.209, 15.203 and Public Notice that contains FCC test procedure for DSSS The latest Industry Canada rules: Please see RSS 210, Section 6.2.2(o) February 10, 2004 Document No. 001-15253 Rev. ** - 1 -
Table 1. Global Regulatory Standards for 2.4-2.5 GHz ISM band in Major market segments. Region or Territory Frequency allocation Output power Relevant Documents Regulatory Body USA/ Canada 2.400 2.4835 GHz 10 dbm FCC Part 15 Part B and Part C http://wireless.fcc.gov/ Europe 2.400 2.4835 GHz 55 mv/m ERC 70-03 EN300-400 http://www.etsi.org/ Japan 2.400 2.4835 GHz 10 dbm ARIB STD-T66 http://www.arib.or.jp/english/index.html FCC and Industry Canada testing requirements are almost identical. Here is a brief overview of the required tests: Spurious Radiated Emissions Spurious Conducted Emissions Power line Conducted Emissions Output Power Occupied Bandwidth Band Edge Compliance Power Spectral Density Measurement Details This application note documents the measurements and data collected on PDC-9163 radio module using WirelessUSB LS IC for verifying that the radio module meets the FCC part 15 Subpart B- Title 47 CFR. - Unintentional Radiators and Part 15 Subpart C Intentional Radiators. The FCC/Industry Canada testing was performed at NW EMC test facility on our PDC-9163 radio module. The testing is done on stand-alone configuration. There was no PC attached to the PDC-9075 Rev *B (121-07701 *E). The radio module PDC-9163 is mounted on to the PDC- 9075 platform board. The platform board PDC-9075 is AC powered with a power brick The platform board PDC-9075 is installed with Blaster Code Test Utility to exercise the radio in single frequency transmit mode. The radio module PDC-9163 was set up to transmit continuously at lowest, middle, and highest frequency channels. Performed all the tests required by FCC/Industry Canada at lowest channel = 2402 MHZ, mid channel = 2440 and Highest Channel = 2479 MHZ. All measurements are taken with power level set = 7. The platform board is connected initially to the PC with RS232 cable and communicated through the Hyper terminal to program the channel, power level, PN code. The PN code was not changed during the whole testing. Afterwards, the PC was removed from the anechoic test chamber. Figure 1. FCC Measurement Test Set-up February 10, 2004 Document No. 001-15253 Rev. ** - 2 -
PDC-9163 FCC Results Summary: Table 2. FCC Test Details PDC-9163 radio module. The following represents the various measurements done on the PDC-9163 RF radio module: Testing Parameter: Spurious Radiated Emission Single Frequency with FSK Modulation in Transmit Mode (PDC-9075 mounted with single frequency Blaster Code) Channel Low Band Channel 2402 Mid Band Channel 2440 High Band Channel 2479 Frequency range 30 1 GHZ X X X 1 GHz 4 GHZ X X X 4 GHz 12.5 GHZ X X X 12.5 GHz 18 GHZ X X X 18 GHz 26.5 GHz X X X Testing Parameter Single Frequency with FSK Modulation. Radio in Transmit Mode (PDC-9075 mounted with single frequency Blaster Code) Low Band Channel 2402 Mid Band Channel 2440 High Band Channel 2479 Spurious RF Conducted Emissions X X X Power line Conducted Emissions X X X Output Power X X X Occupied Bandwidth X X X Band-Edge Compliance X X Power Spectral Density X X X February 10, 2004 Document No. 001-15253 Rev. ** - 3 -
Measurement Results Spurious Radiated Emission The Spurious Radiated Emission should not exceed 54 dbμv in average and 74 dbμv in peak measurement method over the frequency band 30 22.5 GHz. Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the graphical details of the spurious radiation emission data. Spurious Radiated Emission in Single Frequency Transmit Mode Antenna Polarity Antenna = Horn FCC Requirement/ Limits PDC-9163 Radio Module Reading in dbμv Compared to the Spec. Limit in db Test Condition Average 2402 Vertical 54 dbμv/m 44.1 @12010 9.9 PA = 7 Average 2402 Horizontal 54 dbμv/m 44.1 @12010 9.9 PA = 7 Average 2440 Vertical 54 dbμv/m 44.6 @12200 9.4 PA = 7 Average 2440 Horizontal 54 dbμv/m 44.6 @12200 9.4 PA = 7 Average 2479 Vertical 54 dbμv/m 44.0 @12395 10.0 PA = 7 Average 2479 Horizontal 54 dbμv/m 44.0 @12395 10.0 PA = 7 Average 2479 Vertical 54 dbμv/m 44.3 @2483.5 9.7 PA = 7 Average 2479 Horizontal 54 dbμv/m 43.6 @2483.5 10.4 PA = 7 Peak 2479 Vertical 74 dbμv/m 70.3 @2483.5 3.7 PA = 7 Peak 2479 Horizontal 74 dbμv/m 69.3 @2483.5 4.7 PA = 7 Legend: Red = Failure, Green = Passing and Yellow= Marginal. The plus sign indicates that the unit is failing by that amount and minus sign indicates the unit is passing with margin by that amount. 80 70 60 50 dbuv/m 40 30 20 10 0 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 Figure 2. OATS Measurement Data (Low, Mid, and High channels = 2402, 2440, and 2479 ) Frequency band 1000 3000 Legend: The color markings are just a level indicator on the vertical scale. Diamond symbol (red color) indicates peak measurement value, Triangle symbol (blue color) indicates average measurement value. The quantity of symbols do not totally show the test results shown in tables. The red color does not mean failure. February 10, 2004 Document No. 001-15253 Rev. ** - 4 -
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1000 10000 100000 Figure 3. OATS Measurement Data (Low, Mid, and High channels = 2402, 2440, and 2479 ) Frequency band 1000 GHz 3000 GHz Legend: The color markings are just a level indicator on the vertical scale. Diamond symbol (red color) indicates peak measurement value, Triangle symbol (blue color) indicates average measurement value. The quantity of symbols do not totally show the test results shown in tables. The red color does not mean failure. Antenna Spurious Conducted Emission Maximum level of any spurious emission outside of the authorized band is 20 db down from fundamental. Figure 4 through Figure 9 show the graphical details of the antenna spurious conducted emission data. Spurious Conducted Emission in Single Frequency Transmit mode Harmonic Frequency FCC Requirement/ Limits PDC-9163 Radio Module Reading In dbm Compared to the Spec. Limit in db Test Condition Peak 2402 4.812 GHz 20 dbm 46.2 26.2 PA = 7 Peak 2402 7.213 GHz 20 dbm 45.4 25.4 PA = 7 Peak 2440 4.889 GHz 20 dbm 43.2 23.2 PA = 7 Peak 2440 7.324 GHz 20 dbm 46.1 26.1 PA = 7 Peak 2479 4.970 GHz 20 dbm 44.3 24.3 PA = 7 Peak 2479 7.443 GHz 20 dbm 46.6 26.6 PA = 7 February 10, 2004 Document No. 001-15253 Rev. ** - 5 -
Figure 4. Low Channel = 2402 Frequency Band 2.99 GHz 6.5 GHz February 10, 2004 Document No. 001-15253 Rev. ** - 6 -
Figure 5. Low Channel = 2402 Frequency Band 6.499 GHz 15 GHz February 10, 2004 Document No. 001-15253 Rev. ** - 7 -
Figure 6. Mid Channel = 2440 Frequency Band 2.99 GHz 6.5 GHz Figure 7. Mid Channel = 2440 Frequency Band 6.499 GHz 15 GHz February 10, 2004 Document No. 001-15253 Rev. ** - 8 -
Figure 8. High Channel = 2479 Frequency Band 2.99 GHz 6.5 GHz Figure 9. High Channel = 2479 Frequency Band 6.499 GHz 15 GHz February 10, 2004 Document No. 001-15253 Rev. ** - 9 -
Power Line Conducted Emission The Maximum Power Line Conducted emission is 46 dbμv in Average mode and 56 dbμv in Quasi-Peak mode. Power Line Conducted Emission in Single Frequency Transmit Mode Output Power The maximum output power is 1 Watt Band Edge Compliance PDC-9163 radio Module FCC Compared to the Requirement/ Limits Reading in dbμv Spec. Limit in db Test Condition Average 2402 46.0 dbμv/m 34.5 @0.902 11.5 PA = 7 Average 2402 46 dbμv/m 30.8 @0.951 15.2 PA = 7 Quasi-Peak 2402 56 dbμv/m 44.8 @0.902 11.2 PA = 7 Quasi-Peak 2402 56 dbμv/m 43.5 @0.951 12.5 PA = 7 Average 2440 46 dbμv/m 34.7 @0.902 11.3 PA = 7 Average 2440 46 dbμv/m 30.8 @0.951 15.2 PA = 7 Quasi-Peak 2440 56 dbμv/m 44.7 @0.902 11.3 PA = 7 Quasi-Peak 2440 56 dbμv/m 43.4 @0.951 12.6 PA = 7 Average 2479 46 dbμv/m 34.7 @0.885 11.3 PA = 7 Average 2479 46 dbμv/m 31.1 @0.949 14.9 PA = 7 Quasi-Peak 2479 56 dbμv/m 43.5 @0.949 12.5 PA = 7 Quasi-Peak 2479 56 dbμv/m 43.2 @0.885 12.8 PA = 7 Output Power in Single Frequency Transmit Mode FCC Requirement/Limits PDC-9163 Radio Module Reading Compared to the Spec Test Condition Peak 2402 1 W 835 μw 999.17 mw PA = 7 Peak 2440 1 W 817 μw 999.18 mw PA = 7 Peak 2479 1 W 788 μw 999.21 mw PA = 7 Maximum level of any spurious emission at the edge of the authorized band is 20 db down from the fundamental. Band Edge Emission in Single Frequency Transmit Mode FCC Requirement/Limits PDC-9163 Radio Module Reading in db Compared to the Spec. Limit in db Test Condition Peak 2402-20 db below fundamental 33 13 PA = 7 Peak 2479-20 db below fundamental 46.3 16.3 PA = 7 February 10, 2004 Document No. 001-15253 Rev. ** - 10 -
Power Spectral Density Maximum peak power spectral density conducted from a DSSS transmitter does not exceed 8 dbm in any 3-kHz band Power Spectral Density in single Frequency Transmit Mode FCC Requirement/ Limits Spectrum Analyzer Reading in dbm/3 khz PDC-9163 Radio Module Power Spectral Density in dbm/3 khz Compared to the Spec. Limit in db Test Condition Peak 2402 8 dbm 40.9 6.1 14.1 PA = 7 Peak 2440 8 dbm 40.9 6.1 14.1 PA = 7 Peak 2479 8 dbm 41.2 6.4 14.4 PA = 7 Power Spectral Density per 3-kHz bandwidth = Power Spectral Density per 1-Hz bandwidth + Bandwidth Correction Factor. Bandwidth Correction Factor = 10*log (3 khz / 1 Hz) = 34.8 db Summary The FCC/Industry Canada electromagnetic compatibility testing (EMC) on the reference radio module PDC-9163 was tested and verified. The equipment under test (EUT) passed all the tests required by FCC/Industry Canada to meet FCC (United States) and Industry Canada certification requirements. This application note provides an overview of the wireless-product compliance process for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) in the United States and in Canada. The new FCC authorization process through TCBs is available to the customers through several EMC test facilities. It also serves as a guideline for selecting the Cypress s WirelessUSB LS radio system IC to wireless application solutions. This document is subject to change, and may be found to contain errors of omission or changes in parameters. For feedback or technical support regarding Cypress WirelessUSB products please contact Cypress at www.cypress.com. WirelessUSB is a trademark of Cypress Semiconductor. All product and company names mentioned in this document are the trademarks of their respective holders. Cypress Semiconductor 198 Champion Court San Jose, CA 95134-1709 Phone: 408-943-2600 Fax: 408-943-4730 http://www.cypress.com Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, 2004-2007. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Cypress product. Nor does it convey or imply any license under patent or other rights. Cypress products are not warranted nor intended to be used for medical, life support, life saving, critical control or safety applications, unless pursuant to an express written agreement with Cypress. Furthermore, Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in life-support systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress products in life-support systems application implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges. This Source Code (software and/or firmware) is owned by Cypress Semiconductor Corporation (Cypress) and is protected by and subject to worldwide patent protection (United States and foreign), United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions. Cypress hereby grants to licensee a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable license to copy, use, modify, create derivative works of, and compile the Cypress Source Code and derivative works for the sole purpose of creating custom software and or firmware in support of licensee product to be used only in conjunction with a Cypress integrated circuit as specified in the applicable agreement. Any reproduction, modification, translation, compilation, or representation of this Source Code except as specified above is prohibited without the express written permission of Cypress. Disclaimer: CYPRESS MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WAR- RANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Cypress reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the materials described herein. Cypress does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein. Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in life-support systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress' product in a life-support systems application implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges. Use may be limited by and subject to the applicable Cypress software license agreement. February 10, 2004 Document No. 001-15253 Rev. ** - 11 -