1) Which of the following can be obtained by sprinkling salt or sand onto a thin, regularly shaped metal plate that is excited into vibration by drawing a violin bow across one edge or by some other, usually electrical, means? 1) A) Chladni-type patterns. B) nodal diameters, C) nodal points, D) diffraction pattern, E) nodal circles, 2) Which of the following is a technique of playing an Asian Indian drum by lightly touching the head with the little finger while simultaneously slapping the head a quarter of the way around, yielding a higher than normal frequency tone? 2) A) tin, B) ak, C) dayan, D) ga. E) bayan, 3) What are the difference between the mountain dulcimer and the hammered dulcimer? 3) A) The hammered dulcimer has many strings while the mountain dulcimer has 3 or 4. B) The hammered dulcimer uses hammers to hit strings while the mountain dulcimer is strummed or plucked. C) The mountain dulcimer has a keyboard while the hammered dulcimer does not. D) Two of the above. E) Three of the above. 4) What are the different types of guitar pickups? 4) A) foot pedals. B) rule of 18, C) Inside and outside, D) Forte and pizzicato, E) Magnetic and piezo, 5) How many of the upper keys of many pianos have actions without dampers? 5) A) 21, B) 52, C) 36, D) 88, E) 230. 6) Which are true? 6) A) Left-handed pianos have been built that allow left handed performers to perform better than they can on conventional pianos. B) Commercial pianos are available with transducers that can indicate when, how hard, and how fast each key is struck, the only three factors that affect the sound of the piano. C) The signals from these transducers can be recorded analogically and then edited so as to construct a literally perfect performance. 7) Which of the following has the piano keyboard and strings reversed to normal? 7) A) old piano-roll technique, - 1 -
B) left-handed instrument, C) electromechanical transducers, D) audio system using loud speakers, E) None of these. 8) Which are true? 8) A) To produce uniform tone along the keyboard, the hammers must strike their respective strings at the same ratio along their lengths. B) Complex interactions between the strings on some keys will result in different overtones decaying at the same rates. C) One reason for having some piano keys strike one, two, or three strings is to keep the loudness different from note to note. 9) Which of the following stringed instruments is often used for folk music, has a twang-like sound, and is usually plucked very fast? 9) A) banjo, B) ukulele, C) guitar, D) violin, E) dulcimer. 10) Which of the following components of a violin couple the internal vibrations to the outside air? 10) A) f-holes. B) bottom plate, C) sound post, D) bass bar, E) top plate, 11) Which are true? 11) A) The early clavichords had several tangents per string. B) The clavichord was generally louder than the harpsichord. C) The later harpsichords had several strings per key. D) Two of these E) ) Three of these. 12) Which of the following is a unique feature of the marimba that increases its volume or loudness? 12) A) tubular resonator, B) bends. C) arch cut in bar, D) metal plugs, E) butterfly valve, 13) Which of the following determine the initial sound of a well tuned piano note? 13) A) tinny sound, B) sustained sound. - 2 -
C) stretched tuning, D) Mersenne s Laws, E) prompt sound, 14) What factor in the sound of the early electronic piano caused the major differnce in it's sound compared to the acoustic piano? 14) A) harpsichord. B) decay, C) enharmonics, D) attack, E) pianoforte, 15) The thickness of the walls of English bells are tailored to adjust their so as to tune the bells in mean-tone temperament, so that notes a major third apart played simultaneously will be beatless? 15) A) hum tone, B) overtone, C) definite pitch, D) strike tone, E) ndefinite pitch. 16) Which are true? 16) A) The arch in a bar has a noticeable effect upon the frequencies of the overtones of the bar. B) The arch on the underside of marimba bars helps keep the size, weight, and cost of the marimba down. C) Two of these. D) Three of these. E) The shape and size of the arch affect the tuning and tone quality of the bar. 17) Which of the following components of a violin transfers the sound vibration from the strings to the body of the instrument? 17) A) bridge, B) wooden belly. C) bow, D) fingerboard, E) wooden back, 18) A piano is classified as which of the following? 18) A) aerophones, B) chordophones, C) idiophones, D) membranophones, E) telephones. 19) Which of the following results when a cello plays F# 2 because the main wood vibrates at its resonance frequency? 19) - 3 -
A) wolf note, B) rule of 18, C) transients, D) pizzicato, E) foot pedals. 20) The bell lyra bars vibrate which of the following ways? 20) A) across the width, B) across the thickness, C) along the length, 21) Which of the following is a plucked stringed instrument that became popular in Spain for a lengthy period during the Renaissance? 21) A) vihuela, B) harp. C) lute, D) pandora, E) cittern, 22) Which of the following is common to both the clavichord and the harpsichord? 22) A) tangent, B) bow, C) plectrum, D) arrow. E) keyboard, 23) Which of the following produces the lowest frequency of a violin? 23) A) D-string, B) G-string, C) E-string. D) f-holes, E) A-string, 24) What stringed instruments are found in the modern orchestra? 24) A) violin, viola de gamba, cello, double bass, and harp, B) violin, viola de gambina, cello, double bass, and harp, C) violin, viol, cello, double bass, and harp, D) violin, viola, cello, double bass, and harp, E) violin, viola, cello, bass guitar, and harpsichord, 25) Which of the following mechanisms for the production of the sustained sound of a piano note is deliberately set by a good piano tuner? 25) A) polarization, B) mistuned strings. C) coupling, D) una corda, E) impedance matching, 26) Which of the following (along with its Indonesian relative, the gamelan) generally have a domed central area, thick metal, and a general pitch center? 26) A) crash cymbals. B) gong, C) tam-tam, D) bells, - 4 -
E) cymbals, 27) Which of the following was used to stop the vibration of the strings on certain musical instruments? 27) A) plectrum, B) tangent, C) damper. D) hammer, E) keyboard, 28) Which are true? 28) A) They are chosen in length so as to increase the loudness of the first overtone. B) A marimba without resonators sounds richer in overtones, softer in volume, and lasts longer in duration. C) The resonator tubes underneath the bars of marimba bars are open at the bottom. 29) Which of the following string instruments has frets? 29) A) cello, B) guitar, C) harp. D) viola, E) string bass, 30) Which of the following percussion instruments consists of a set of uniform metal bars struck by a mallet and often carried in a marching band with the top held by the performer s hand and the bottom supported at the performer s waist? 30) A) vibraphone, B) marimba, C) bell lyra, D) orchestral chimes. E) xylophone, - 5 -