AutoCAD 2007 AutoCAD LT 2007 Essentials Vol. 1 Official Autodesk Training Courseware (AOTC) 00127-050008-1710A April 2006
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Contents Volume 1 Introduction...................................................... xi Chapter 1: Taking the AutoCAD Tour............................... 1 Lesson: Navigating the Working Environment............................. 2 Overview............................................................ 2 Setting the Workspace............................................... 3 User Interface Layout................................................ 7 AutoCAD-Specific Interface Tools.................................... 9 Lesson: Working with Files............................................... 14 Overview........................................................... 14 Working with Files.................................................. 15 Lesson: Displaying Objects............................................... 20 Overview........................................................... 20 Display Tools....................................................... 21 Pan Realtime....................................................... 21 Zoom Realtime..................................................... 24 Zoom Commands.................................................. 26 Wheel Mouse Features.............................................. 27 Redraw............................................................. 28 Regen.............................................................. 29 Exercise: Zoom and Pan in the Drawing............................. 30 Exercise: Hands-On Tour................................................. 32 Chapter Summary........................................................ 35 Chapter 2: Creating Basic Drawings............................... 37 Lesson: Inputting Data................................................... 38 Overview........................................................... 38 About the Command Line.......................................... 39 About Coordinate Systems.......................................... 39 About Dynamic Input............................................... 42 Using the Dynamic Input Interface.................................. 45 Using Direct Distance Entry......................................... 49 About Shortcut Menus.............................................. 51 iii
Lesson: Creating Basic Objects........................................... 52 Overview........................................................... 52 Line Command..................................................... 53 Circle Command................................................... 54 Arc Command...................................................... 55 Erase Command.................................................... 56 Undoing and Redoing Steps in the Drawing......................... 56 Rectangle Command............................................... 60 Polygon Command................................................. 61 Exercise: Create Basic Objects...................................... 62 Lesson: Using Object Snaps.............................................. 69 Overview........................................................... 69 About Object Snaps................................................ 70 Object Snaps....................................................... 72 Using Object Snaps................................................. 78 Exercise: Use Object Snaps......................................... 82 Lesson: Using Polar Tracking and PolarSnap.............................. 87 Overview........................................................... 87 Using Polar Tracking and PolarSnap................................. 88 Exercise: Use Polar Tracking and PolarSnap......................... 94 Lesson: Using Object Snap Tracking...................................... 98 Overview........................................................... 98 About Object Snap Tracking........................................ 99 Using Object Snap Tracking........................................ 100 Exercise: Use Object Snap Tracking................................ 104 Lesson: Working with Units............................................. 107 Overview.......................................................... 107 About Units....................................................... 108 Setting Units...................................................... 109 Exercise: Use Architectural Units................................... 112 Exercise: Use Surveyor's Units..................................... 114 Lesson: Using Function Keys............................................ 116 Overview.......................................................... 116 Function Keys..................................................... 117 Challenge Exercise: Architectural........................................ 119 Challenge Exercise: Mechanical......................................... 121 Chapter Summary...................................................... 123 Chapter 3: Manipulating Objects................................ 125 Lesson: Selecting Objects in the Drawing................................ 126 Overview.......................................................... 126 Object Selection................................................... 127 Exercise: Select Objects........................................... 132 Lesson: Changing an Object's Position.................................. 137 Overview.......................................................... 137 Moving Objects................................................... 138 Exercise: Move Objects........................................... 140 iv Contents
Lesson: Creating New Objects from Existing Objects..................... 149 Overview.......................................................... 149 Copying Objects.................................................. 150 Exercise: Copy Objects........................................... 152 Lesson: Changing the Angle of an Object's Position...................... 154 Overview.......................................................... 154 Rotating Objects.................................................. 155 Exercise: Rotate Objects........................................... 157 Lesson: Creating a Mirror Image of Existing Objects...................... 161 Overview.......................................................... 161 Mirroring Objects................................................. 162 Exercise: Mirror Objects in the Drawing............................ 165 Lesson: Creating Object Patterns........................................ 166 Overview.......................................................... 166 Creating an Array of Objects...................................... 167 Exercise: Array Objects in the Drawing............................. 173 Lesson: Changing an Object's Size....................................... 180 Overview.......................................................... 180 Scaling Objects................................................... 181 Exercise: Scale Objects Using the Copy Option..................... 183 Challenge Exercise: Architectural....................................... 185 Challenge Exercise: Mechanical........................................ 188 Chapter Summary...................................................... 190 Chapter 4: Drawing Organization and Inquiry Commands......... 191 Lesson: Using Layers.................................................... 192 Overview.......................................................... 192 Using Layers to Organize Objects................................. 193 Default Layer..................................................... 195 Layer Tools....................................................... 196 Exercise: Work with Layers........................................ 199 Lesson: Changing Object Properties..................................... 204 Overview.......................................................... 204 About Object Properties.......................................... 205 ByLayer Property................................................. 206 Changing Object Properties....................................... 208 Exercise: Change Object Properties................................ 212 Lesson: Matching Object Properties..................................... 214 Overview.......................................................... 214 Matching an Object's Properties................................... 215 Exercise: Match Object Properties................................. 218 Lesson: Using the Properties Palette..................................... 222 Overview.......................................................... 222 Using the Properties Palette....................................... 223 Exercise: Manipulate Object Properties............................ 225 Lesson: Using Linetypes................................................ 229 Overview.......................................................... 229 About Linetypes.................................................. 230 Adding Linetypes to Your Drawing................................ 232 Exercise: Use Linetypes........................................... 236 Contents v
Lesson: Using Inquiry Commands....................................... 240 Overview.......................................................... 240 Acquiring Distance and Coordinates............................... 241 Acquiring, Adding, and Subtracting Area........................... 243 Obtaining Object Information...................................... 246 Exercise: Obtain Geometric Information........................... 248 Challenge Exercise: Architectural........................................ 250 Challenge Exercise: Mechanical......................................... 252 Chapter Summary...................................................... 253 Chapter 5: Altering Objects..................................... 255 Lesson: Trimming and Extending Objects to Defined Boundaries......... 256 Overview.......................................................... 256 Using the Trim and Extend Commands............................. 257 Exercise: Trim and Extend Objects................................. 261 Lesson: Creating Parallel and Offset Geometry........................... 264 Overview.......................................................... 264 Offsetting Geometry............................................... 265 Exercise: Create Parallel and Offset Geometry...................... 270 Lesson: Joining Objects................................................. 274 Overview.......................................................... 274 Joining Objects.................................................... 275 Exercise: Join Objects............................................. 278 Lesson: Breaking an Object into Two Objects............................ 280 Overview.......................................................... 280 Breaking Objects.................................................. 281 Exercise: Break Objects........................................... 285 Lesson: Applying a Radius Corner to Two Objects........................ 287 Overview.......................................................... 287 Creating Fillets.................................................... 288 Exercise: Create a Filleted Corner.................................. 291 Lesson: Creating an Angled Corner Between Two Objects................ 294 Overview.......................................................... 294 Creating Chamfers................................................. 295 Exercise: Create a Chamfered Corner.............................. 298 Lesson: Changing Part of an Object's Shape............................. 301 Overview.......................................................... 301 Stretching Objects................................................. 302 Exercise: Stretch Objects.......................................... 304 Lesson: Using Grips..................................................... 308 Overview.......................................................... 308 Using Grips........................................................ 309 Exercise: Grip Edit Objects........................................ 314 Challenge Exercise: Architectural........................................ 318 Challenge Exercise: Mechanical......................................... 323 Chapter Summary...................................................... 327 vi Contents
Volume 2 Chapter 6: Annotating Drawings.................................. 1 Lesson: Creating Multiline Text............................................ 2 Overview............................................................ 2 Creating Multiline Text............................................... 3 Exercise: Create Multiline Text....................................... 6 Lesson: Creating Single Line Text.......................................... 9 Overview............................................................ 9 Creating Single Line Text............................................ 10 Exercise: Create Single Line Text.................................... 13 Lesson: Using Text Styles................................................ 16 Overview........................................................... 16 Text Styles.......................................................... 17 Creating and Using Text Styles...................................... 18 Exercise: Use Text Styles............................................ 21 Lesson: Editing Text..................................................... 23 Overview........................................................... 23 Editing Text........................................................ 24 Exercise: Edit Text.................................................. 26 Challenge Exercise: Architectural......................................... 28 Challenge Exercise: Mechanical.......................................... 30 Chapter Summary........................................................ 32 Chapter 7: Hatching Objects...................................... 33 Lesson: Hatching Objects................................................ 34 Overview........................................................... 34 Introduction to Hatch Patterns and Fills............................. 35 Associative Hatch Patterns.......................................... 36 Creating Hatch Patterns............................................. 37 Exercise: Create Hatches........................................... 44 Exercise: Create Fills and Gradients................................. 47 Lesson: Editing Hatch Objects............................................ 51 Overview........................................................... 51 Maintaining Associative Properties when Editing Hatches............ 52 Editing Hatches..................................................... 53 Exercise: Edit Hatch Patterns and Fills............................... 55 Challenge Exercise: Architectural......................................... 58 Challenge Exercise: Mechanical.......................................... 60 Chapter Summary........................................................ 62 Chapter 8: Dimensioning......................................... 63 Lesson: Creating Dimensions............................................ 64 Overview........................................................... 64 Creating Dimensions............................................... 65 Exercise: Create Dimensions........................................ 73 Contents vii
Lesson: Using Dimension Styles.......................................... 77 Overview........................................................... 77 About Dimension Styles............................................ 78 Creating and Modifying Dimension Styles........................... 79 Exercise: Modify a Dimension Style................................. 86 Lesson: Editing Dimensions.............................................. 88 Overview........................................................... 88 Editing Dimensions................................................. 89 Exercise: Edit Dimensions.......................................... 92 Challenge Exercise: Architectural......................................... 95 Challenge Exercise: Mechanical.......................................... 97 Chapter Summary....................................................... 99 Chapter 9: Working with Reusable Content....................... 101 Lesson: Using Blocks.................................................... 102 Overview.......................................................... 102 What are Blocks?.................................................. 103 How Blocks Behave................................................ 105 Inserting Blocks................................................... 107 Creating Blocks.................................................... 108 Exercise: Create and Insert Blocks.................................. 110 Lesson: Working with DesignCenter..................................... 113 Overview.......................................................... 113 Using DesignCenter............................................... 114 Exercise: Use DesignCenter........................................ 116 Lesson: Using Tool Palettes............................................. 118 Overview.......................................................... 118 Using Tool Palette Tools........................................... 119 Exercise: Add Content from Tool Palettes.......................... 121 Challenge Exercise: Architectural........................................ 123 Challenge Exercise: Mechanical......................................... 126 Chapter Summary...................................................... 128 Chapter 10: Creating Additional Drawing Objects................ 129 Lesson: Working with Polylines......................................... 130 Overview.......................................................... 130 Creating Polylines................................................. 131 Editing Polylines................................................... 132 Exercise: Create and Modify Polylines.............................. 135 Lesson: Creating Splines................................................ 139 Overview.......................................................... 139 Creating Splines................................................... 140 Exercise: Create a Spline........................................... 142 Lesson: Creating Ellipses................................................ 143 Overview.......................................................... 143 Creating Ellipses................................................... 144 Exercise: Create Ellipses........................................... 147 viii Contents
Lesson: Using Tables.................................................... 150 Overview.......................................................... 150 Creating Table Styles............................................. 151 Creating Tables and Entering Table Data.......................... 153 Exercise: Create a Dimension Table............................... 158 Challenge Exercise: Architectural....................................... 162 Challenge Exercise: Mechanical........................................ 164 Chapter Summary...................................................... 165 Chapter 11: Using Layouts and Plotting.......................... 167 Lesson: Using Layouts.................................................. 168 Overview.......................................................... 168 About Layouts.................................................... 169 Creating a New Layout............................................ 170 Exercise: Create Layouts.......................................... 172 Lesson: Using Page Setups.............................................. 175 Overview.......................................................... 175 Applying Page Setups to Layouts................................. 176 Creating Page Setups............................................. 177 Exercise: Create and Activate Page Setups........................ 180 Lesson: Using Viewports................................................ 183 Overview.......................................................... 183 Creating Rectangular Viewports................................... 184 Setting Viewport Scale Factor..................................... 186 Manipulating Viewports.......................................... 189 Exercise: Create and Manipulate Viewports....................... 192 Lesson: Plotting Drawings.............................................. 195 Overview.......................................................... 195 About Plotting Environments..................................... 196 Plotting from Model Space........................................ 197 Plotting from Layouts............................................. 199 Plot Command................................................... 201 Preview Command............................................... 203 Exercise: Plot a Drawing.......................................... 205 Challenge Exercise: Architectural....................................... 207 Challenge Exercise: Mechanical........................................ 210 Chapter Summary...................................................... 212 Chapter 12: Creating Drawing Templates........................ 213 Lesson: Using Drawing Templates....................................... 214 Overview.......................................................... 214 About Drawing Templates........................................ 215 Creating Drawing Templates...................................... 216 Exercise: Create a Drawing Template.............................. 219 Chapter Summary...................................................... 223 Contents ix
Appendix A: Additional Resources............................... 225 Courseware from Autodesk............................................. 226 Autodesk Authorized Training Centers................................... 228 Autodesk Certification.................................................. 228 Autodesk Consulting.................................................... 228 Autodesk Developer Network........................................... 228 Product Support........................................................ 228 x Contents
Introduction Welcome to the AutoCAD 2007/AutoCAD LT 2007 Essentials Autodesk Official Training Courseware (AOTC), a training course for use in Authorized Training Center (ATC) locations, corporate training settings, and other classroom settings. Although this courseware is designed for instructor-led courses, you can also use it for self-paced learning. The courseware encourages self-learning through the use of the AutoCAD or AutoCAD LT Help system. This introduction covers the following topics: Course objectives Prerequisites Using this courseware CD contents Completing the exercises Settings for the exercises Installing the exercise data files from the CD Imperial and metric datasets Notes, tips, and warnings Feedback This courseware is complementary to the software documentation. For detailed explanations of features and functionality, refer to the Help in the software. xi
Course Objectives After completing this course, you will be able to: Navigate the interface, open and close files, and use the Zoom commands to adjust the display of objects on the screen. Describe units, function keys, and coordinate systems and create basic objects, using different data input techniques, object snaps, object snap tracking, polar tracking, and PolarSnap. Select, modify, and adjust the properties of objects. Create and manage layers and linetypes, and obtain geometric information from objects in the drawing. Create and edit annotation objects using multiline and single-line text. Enhance the drawing's visual appearance with hatch patterns and gradient fills. Create, edit, and manage dimensions and dimension styles. Create blocks and reuse them in your drawings using the Insert command, DesignCenter, and tool palettes. Utilize the DesignCenter and tool palettes to insert and create other content in your drawings. Create multiple-segmented polyline objects, create the smooth-curve objects of splines and ellipses, and add tables to your drawings. Create layouts, create and manipulate viewports on the layouts, save layout configurations as page setups, and plot design geometry from layouts and model space. Use drawing templates to simplify the process of creating new drawings that contain all the required dimension styles, text styles, and layers that you would otherwise create manually each time you created a new drawing. Prerequisites This course is designed for the new user who needs to know the essential commands necessary for professional 2D drawing, design, and drafting using AutoCAD or AutoCAD LT. No previous computeraided design (CAD) experience is required. It is recommended that you have a working knowledge of Microsoft Windows 98, Microsoft Windows NT 4.0/Microsoft Windows 2000 or Microsoft Windows XP. Drafting and design experience is a plus. Using This Courseware The lessons are independent of each other. However, it is recommended that you complete these lessons in the order that they are presented unless you are familiar with the concepts and functionality described in those lessons. Each chapter contains: Lessons Usually two or more lessons in each chapter. Exercises Practical, real-world examples for you to practice using the functionality you have just learned. Each exercise contains step-by-step procedures and graphics to help you complete the exercise successfully. xii Introduction
CD Contents The CD attached to the back cover of this book contains all the data and drawings you need to complete the exercises in this course. Completing the Exercises You can complete exercises in two ways: in the book or online. Using the book Follow the step-by-step exercises in the book. Online Click the AutoCAD 2007 Essentials AOTC icon on your desktop, installed from the CD, and follow the step-by-step exercises online. The online exercises are the same as those in the book. The online version has the advantage that you can concentrate on the screen without having to glance down at your book. After launching the online exercises, you might need to alter the size of your application window to align both windows. Introduction xiii
Settings for the Exercises Each exercise is written with the assumption that the following Object Snap settings are active. You might need to confirm these settings for each exercise. Each exercise is written with the assumption that the following Status Bar options are turned ON. If necessary adjust these options when you open the dataset for each exercise. Installing the Exercise Data Files from the CD To install the data files for the exercises: 1. Insert the courseware CD. 2. When the setup wizard begins, follow the instructions on screen to install the data. 3. If the wizard does not start automatically, browse to the root directory of the CD and double-click Setup.exe. Unless you specify a different folder, the exercise files are installed in the following folder: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Autodesk Learning\AutoCAD 2007\Essentials\ xiv Introduction
After you install the data from the CD, this folder contains all the files necessary to complete each exercise in this course. The datasets and exercises can be used with AutoCAD LT. The location of the files is the same whether you are using AutoCAD or AutoCAD LT. The name of the shortcut for the online version of the exercises is named AutoCAD 2007 Essentials AOTC, but the shortcut can also be used with AutoCAD LT 2007. Imperial and Metric Datasets For some of the exercises that specify units of measurement, alternative exercise tables are provided. In those cases, a note indicates that imperial and metric versions are available. An example of the filenaming convention is as follows: Open i_stair_settings.dwg (imperial) or m_stair_settings.dwg (metric). In the exercise steps, either the imperial or metric value is specified, as shown in the following example: For Length, enter 13'2". For Length, enter 4038 mm. For exercises with no specific units of measurement, files are provided as shown in the following example: Open c_stair_settings.dwg (common). In the exercise steps, the unitless value is specified, as shown in the following example: For Length, enter 400. Notes, Tips, and Warnings Throughout this courseware, notes, tips, and warnings are called out for special attention. Notes contain guidelines, constraints, and other explanatory information. Tips provide information to enhance your productivity. Warnings provide information about actions that might result in the loss of data, system failures, or other serious consequences. Feedback Feedback is always welcome for Autodesk Official Training Courseware. After completing this course, if you have suggestions for improvements or if you want to report an error in the book or on the CD, please send your comments to AOTC.feedback@autodesk.com. Introduction xv
xvi Introduction