Software Description RF Design Kit ATAK57xx Description The RF Design Kit software is used to configure the RF transmitter and receiver via the PC. Parameters such as baud rate, modulation, testword etc. can easily and quickly be changed. Software tools to evaluate the received data are also provided. Features Modular Software Structure Expandable for Further Modules Clearly Arranged Graphical User Interface (GUI) Easy Configuration of the Modules Saving and Loading of User Configurations Flexible and Freely Arrangeable Workspace Various Evaluation Tools Configuration Changes On Receiver Registers are Displayed Bit by Bit ATAK57xx Software Description Application Note Preliminary Minimum System Requirements Pentium Processor Based PC Minimum 16 MB RAM Windows 95 or Higher (Tested on Windows NT 4.0 (DE/US), Windows 98 (DE/US), Windows 2000 (DE/US)) CD-ROM Drive 10 MB Free Disc Space Serial Interface RS232 Recommended VGA Resolution of 1024 x 768, 32-bit Color Depth Rev.
Installation To install the RF Design Kit software 1. Close all running Windows applications. 2. Insert the CD into your CD-ROM drive. 3. Run setup.exe from the CD to start the installation of the software on the hard disk of your PC. The RF Design Kit Setup will guide you through the software installation. Figure 1. Welcome to Setup Routine 4. Click OK to continue with the installation. Figure 2. Select Directory 5. Accept the default directory or change it. 2 ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary]
ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary] Figure 3. Choose Program Group 6. Click Continue to accept the default program group name or change it. Figure 4. Installation Progress 7. Wait until the program is finished copying the files. Figure 5. Setup Completed 8. Click OK. The setup is now completed. 3
Getting Started Assemble the RF Design Kit as described in the separate application note ATAK57xx Hardware Description. Start the RF Design Kit software with RF-Designkit.exe. The COM port can be selected under the Options > ComPort Menu. Select the appropriate transmitter in the scroll-down list on the left upper side of the Start window. A feature tree for the transmitter configuration appears. Select an appropriate receiver in the scroll-down list on the left upper side of the Start window. A feature tree for the receiver configuration appears. Program the default values to the transmitter and receiver design board under the File menu. Remove the transmitter from the interface board and plug-on the grey PCB jack to supply the transmitter with 3 V from the lithium cell. Test the data transmission by pressing button S2 on the transmitter design board. If the green LED (D4) on the interface board flashes up, the data transmission was successful. Getting Familiar with the RF Design Kit Software The software is built up in a modular, expandable manner, so that various design boards can be supported. Figure 6 shows the Start window after a successful start. The Start window consists of a menu, a toolbar, a sector for the feature trees, a status bar and a flexible workspace. Figure 6. Start Window Menu Toolbar Workspace Feature Tree Status Bar Connection Status Program Status Current System Time and Date 4 ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary]
ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary] Menu Via the menu, different functions can be accessed. File Load Transmitter Defaults or Load Receiver Defaults Show Transmitter Defaults or Show Receiver Defaults Load Transmitter Config or Load Receiver Config Save Transmitter Config or Save Receiver Config Write All Transmitter Values or Write All Receiver Values Read All Transmitter Values or Read All Receiver Values All default values are loaded. First a separate window opens where the default values and the values actually set can be compared in tabular manner. The actual values represent the values currently set in the respective windows of the software. The values in the respective windows will be replaced by the default values after confirming with OK or closing the separate window. All default values and all values actually set are displayed in a separate window, where the default values and the values actually set can be compared in tabular manner. The actual values represent the values currently set in the respective windows of the software. To compare the currently programmed values in the configuration memory of the transmitter or receiver design board with the default values, the command Read All Transmitter Values or Read All Receiver Values has to be executed first. The values of the user configuration file are loaded and displayed in the respective windows. The currently set values are saved in a user configuration file. The file extension for the transmitter configuration is.txc, for the receiver configuration it is.rxc. All currently displayed values are written to the respective RF Design Kit configuration memory. All currently programmed values are read from the respective RF Design Kit configuration memory. Figure 7. File Menu 5
Options ComPort Connect at Startup Background Select the appropriate Com port. If activated, the RF Design Kit is connected automatically when the software is started. The background of the workspace can be changed. Figure 8. Options Menu Window Cascade Close all Cascade all windows on the workspace. Close all windows on the workspace. Furthermore, all windows on the workspace are displayed and can be selected. Figure 9. Window Menu Help Info AVR-Software Version TX-Software Version Current software version. Current version of the microcontroller program of the motherboard. Current version of the microcontroller program and type of transmitter design board. The transmitter design board has to be attached to the interface board. Note: The transmitter design board has its own microcontroller whilst the receiver design Board uses the AVR on the motherboard. Figure 10. Help Menu 6 ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary]
ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary] Toolbar Feature Tree Status Bar Workspace In the toolbar, the most common menu functions can be accessed via buttons. Various design boards are selectable via the scroll-down list. If a transmitter has been selected, the appropriate receiver is indicated by an IC icon proceeding the part number in the scroll-down list. After this, the corresponding feature trees will be displayed. When a transmitter or receiver has been selected in the scroll-down list, all parameters used in the latest session will be displayed. These values will be used as start values in the corresponding windows. The receiver design board only works in conjunction with the motherboard. The microcontroller on the motherboard controls the data transfer with the PC as well as with the transmitter design board and does the programming of the receiver. The microcontroller also evaluates the received data stream and indicates the results on the interface board. If one of the Evaluation windows Testword, Histogram or Timing_List is active, the results can also be transmitted to the PC. The status bar is separated into four areas as illustrated in Figure 6 on page 4. Information about connection status, program status and current time and date are provided. The program status illustrates the current actions in progress. In the workspace, different windows can be activated. The windows can be selected in the feature trees and arranged freely. Common Command Buttons Open scroll-down list Load default parameters Load user configuration file Save user configuration file Read all data from RF Design Kit configuration memory Write all data to RF Design Kit configuration memory 7
Current software version Current version of the motherboard s microcontroller program Current version of microcontroller program and type of transmitter design board. The transmitter design board has to be connected to the interface board. Window pinned, i.e., window stays visible if activating a further one Window not pinned Accept settings and close the active window Compare the values actually set with the default values. The differences are printed in red letters. Write data of the active window to the RF Design Kit configuration memory Close the active window Read the pattern settings from configuration memory of the transmitter design board Load an already stored pattern Save a generated pattern under a user defined filename with the extension *.pat 8 ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary]
ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary] Increase or decrease value in increments of 1 Update the Telegram Evaluation once Update the Timing_List Evaluation or Histogram Evaluation once Update the Timing_List Evaluation or Histogram Evaluation continuously Show ASK timing Show FSK timing Display recommended values for the transmitter (TX) Display recommended values for the receiver (RX) Execute the Off Command to set back the receiver to polling mode The data handling, performed by the connected microcontroller, is disabled 9
Transmitter Telegram Window By using the telegram generator, a specific telegram can be generated. The telegram consists of a testword and a preceding preburst (see Figure 11). The encoding of the telegram is Manchester. Figure 11. Telegram Example Telegram Preburst Testword ( A... 5 Hex ) Separation 1/Baudrate 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 A (Hex) 5 (Hex) Manchester Code t In the Telegram window (see Figure 12), the modulation scheme, baud rate, preburst length and the telegram in hexadecimal format are adjustable. Figure 12. Window Telegram Modulation Baud Rate Preburst Select ASK or FSK. The baud rate refers to the whole telegram (preburst and testword) and can be selected in different ranges and steps depending on the operating frequency. The preburst consists of a number of bits (1) which precede the testword. The receiver and the connected microcontroller use the preburst for wake-up and synchronization. The number of bits within the preburst can be selected to be in a range of 8 to 1000 in steps of 8 by using the Preburst scroll-down list. To indicate the beginning of the testword, the last bit of the preburst is a 0. The length of the preburst depends on the selected baud rate and will be indicated in brackets. 10 ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary]
ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary] The required length of the preburst depends on the polling parameters T Sleep, T Startup, T Bitcheck of the receiver and the start-up time of a connected microcontroller. More information is given in the corresponding data sheets. Testword (Hex) Programmable Push Buttons Window Buttons S1, S2 and S3 A user-defined testword can be selected within a range of 4 to 32 bits in steps of 4 bits. The input of the testword must be a hexadecimal value. The special quality of the default testword F09AF09A is that every possible value of a 4-bit word is included. This is important for proper detection of every bit, independent of the previous bits. In the Programmable Push Buttons window (see Figure 13) a function can be assigned to each of the 3 buttons existing on the transmitter design board. Select a function in the scroll-down list. When clicking on a button in the picture, the corresponding scroll-down list will be highlighted. Figure 13. Programmable Push Buttons Window Description of the Functions Continuous Telegram After pressing the button, the telegram (preburst and testword) generated by the telegram generator will be sent in a loop. After each telegram the carrier will be switched off for approximately t = 900 ms. In order to save current, the transmission will be stopped after t = 30 s. The start and the end of the function will be indicated by the LED D1 on the transmitter design board. Figure 14. Continuous Telegram Timing Preburst Testword Preburst Testword Carrier off Carrier off t max 11
Single Telegram After pressing the button, the telegram (preburst and testword) generated by the telegram generator will be sent once. The start of the function will be indicated by the LED D1 on the transmitter design board. Figure 15. Single Telegram Timing Preburst Testword Carrier off Continuous Pattern After pressing the button, the pattern generated by the pattern generator will be sent in a loop. After each pattern, the carrier will be switched off for approximately t = 900 ms. In order to save current, the transmission will be stopped after t = 30 s. The start and the end of the function will be indicated by the LED D1 on the transmitter design board. Figure 16. Continuous Pattern Timing Pattern Pattern Carrier off Carrier off t max Single Pattern After pressing the button, the pattern generated by the pattern generator will be sent once. The start of the function will be indicated by the LED D1 on the transmitter design board. Figure 17. Single Pattern Timing Pattern Carrier off Continuous Preburst After pressing the button, the preburst generated by the telegram generator will be sent in a loop. In order to save current, the transmission will be stopped after t = 30 s. The start and the end of the function will be indicated by the LED D1 on the transmitter design board. Figure 18. Continuous Preburst Timing Preburst Preburst t max Continuous Carrier (unmodulated) After pressing the button, the (unmodulated) carrier will be switched on. In order to save current, the carrier will be switched off after t = 30 s. The start and the end of the function will be indicated by the LED D1 on the transmitter design board. Figure 19. Continuous Carrier Timing Carrier on Carrier on t max 12 ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary]
ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary] Pattern Window By using the pattern generator, a specific pattern (code) as shown in Figure 20 can be generated. Figure 20. Example of a Pattern Pattern length T step 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 t In the Pattern window (see Figure 21 on page 13) the modulation scheme, time step, pattern length and the specific pattern are adjustable. A pattern consists of a maximum of 256 bits (1 bit corresponds to one segment of the length TStep). The settings of the pattern are independent of the telegram, i.e., different modulation schemes, etc. can be used. Figure 21. Pattern Window 13
Modulation TStep Pattern Length Pattern Select ASK or FSK. The time step TStep is adjustable in the scroll-down list depending on the crystal accuracy. The pattern length can be adjusted using the scroll-down list in a range from 8 bits to 256 bits with a resolution of 8 bits. Additionally the resulting pattern length in milliseconds is given. In the Pattern frame 16 bits of the complete pattern are shown. Any 16-bit segment of the complete pattern is selectable by means of the scroll bar. The first and last bit number of the selected 16-bit segment is given additionally. A pattern is generated bit-by-bit either by clicking on the buttons (0 or 1) or by dragging the levels to high or low state. If a pattern is loaded the Load Pattern Information window appears. It shows when the pattern has been saved and for which transmitter design board. Figure 22. Load Pattern Information Window Note: To evaluate a pattern with the RF Design Kit software the encoding must be Manchester and a preburst must be generated like in the telegram generator. Application Window The Application window shows a simplified schematic of the transmitter s peripheral circuitry. Additionally, information about the ASK/FSK timing is provided via separate buttons. Depending on the selected baud rate, the recommended bit-check limit values Lim_min and Lim_max for the receiver are provided. 14 ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary]
ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary] Receiver OPMODE Register - Values Window In the OPMODE Register - Values window, the receiver operation mode registers are configured. Figure 23. OPMODE Register - Values Window BR_Range NBit-check Modulation TSleep Noise Suppression With BR_range, the appropriate baud rate range, given in kbaud is set. This command also defines XLim (see datasheet of the corresponding receiver), which is used to define the bit-check limits TLim_min and TLim_max. Changing the BR_range also changes the µc_limits. Sets the number of bits to be checked. Selects ASK or FSK. Sets the sleep time for polling mode x8 > sleep time extension factor Inactive -> digital noise suppression disabled Active > digital noise suppression enabled 15
OPMODE Register - Table Window Figure 24 shows the OPMODE Register - Table. Changing a value in the OPMODE Register - Values window will directly affect the corresponding bit in the table. Also, the bits can be inverted by clicking on the bold figures 0 or 1. The resulting values can be seen in the OPMODE Register - Values window. Figure 24. OPMODE Register - Table Window LIMIT Register - Values Window Enables the programming of the upper and lower limits for bit-check. Figure 25. LIMIT Register - Values Window Lim_min Lim_max Sets the lower bit-check limit Sets the upper bit-check limit 16 ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary]
ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary] LIMIT Register - Table Window Figure 24 shows the LIMIT Register - Table. Changing a value in the LIMIT Register - Values window directly affects the corresponding bit in the table. Also, the bits can be inverted by clicking on the bold figures 0 or 1. The resulting values can be seen in the LIMIT Register - Values window. Figure 26. LIMIT Register - Table Window Evaluation Microcontroller Limits Window Selects the timing limits, used by the connected microcontroller, to evaluate the proper timing of the data stream. Figure 27. Microcontroller Limits Window 17
The measurement (sampling) of the testword begins after the falling edge of bit 0. The trigger condition is the time between the rising edge of the last 1 in the preburst and the falling edge of the 0 at the end of the preburst (t ee ). The trigger condition is valid if t ee > lower limit of 1/BR. This time is defined in the Microcontroller Limits window. Figure 28. Example of Two Different Telegrams Preburst Testword (F Hex) 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 Preburst Testword (7 Hex) 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 Start of measurement End of measurement If the preburst is inverted (1110 to 0001), the trigger condition is the time between the falling edge of the last 0 in the preburst and the rising edge of the 1 at the end of the preburst (t ee ). In this case, the evaluation of the testword fails because the software measures the time between the following 63 edges (64 samples) but does not check the logic level. This fact must be considered if a telegram is generated with the pattern generator. Testword The microcontroller on the motherboard compares the received data stream with the selected testword. Three LEDs on the interface board (D2, D3, D4) indicate the result. If update is active, the result will also be transmitted to the PC. Figure 29. Testword Window Testword ( A5 Hex ) Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8 Sample 9 Sample 10 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 A (Hex) 5 (Hex) Manchester Code t Timinglist Window To evaluate the timing of a received data stream, the measured pulse lengths (samples) can be displayed in the Timinglist window. This tool is helpful to define the Microcontroller Limits, used by the connected microcontroller, to evaluate the proper timing of the data stream. The timing of the data stream (n samples) will be transmitted to the PC. A sample is the distance between 2 signal edges. The maximum length of a displayed data stream is 64 samples. 18 ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary]
ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary] For every sample, the pulse length (Tn), the polarity and a remark (whether the sample is a short one, a long one or if the sample is out of the selected Microcontroller Limits) are displayed. The polarity of the first sample must be Low. This is guaranteed if the preburst of the telegram is a row of 1 and one 0 to detect the beginning of the testword (see Figure 28 on page 18). If the preburst consists a row of 0 and one 1 to detect the beginning of the testword, the displayed polarity in the Timinglist is inverted. If a sample increases the upper timing limit to Tsample_max = 2050 µs, the following samples are invalid and will not be displayed. In this case, the displayed time Tn and the polarity of the next sample are invalid. For all following samples, the displayed time Tn is valid but the displayed polarity is invalid. Figure 30. Timinglist Window Histogram Window To evaluate the timing of a received data stream, the timing margins can be displayed in the Histogram window (see Figure 32 on page 20). This tool is helpful to define the Microcontroller Limits used by the connected microcontroller to evaluate the proper timing of the data stream. The Histogram shows the distribution of the different pulse lengths (samples) of a received testword. The exact pulse lengths can be determined using the Timinglist. Additionally, the currently valid microcontroller limit windows are displayed as bar graph plots. 19
The timing of the data stream (n samples) will be transmitted to the PC. For the testword A5 Hex, shown in Figure 31, 10 samples will be transmitted. A sample is the distance between 2 signal edges. The maximum length of a displayed data stream is 64 samples. Figure 31. Example of a Testword Testword ( A5 Hex ) Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8 Sample 9 Sample 10 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 A (Hex) 5 (Hex) Manchester Code t Figure 32. Histogram Window 20 ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary]
ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary] Application Window The Application window shows a simplified schematic of the receiver peripheral circuitry. Depending on the selected baud rate, a specific value for CDEM will be recommended. Additionally, the typical power consumption in polling mode is provided. By means of the button Recommended Values for TX the preburst length for the transmitter depending on the time T sleep and the baud rate range BR_Range is recommended. Furthermore, the formulas for calculation are given. With the button Evaluation inactive the data handling, performed by the connected microcontroller, can be disabled, i.e., that the evaluation functionalities Testword, Timinglist and Histogram are inactive. In this case, after a sucessful bit-check, the receiver remains in the receiving mode until the Off Command is executed or the pin Polling/_ON is toggled once. Sensitivity Polling By clicking on the yellow highlighted area, the receiver can be switched from full sensitivity to reduced sensitivity and vice versa. The amount of sensitivity reduction is set by the resistor R Sens. Further information is given in the respective data sheet or application note. By clicking on the yellow highlighted area, the receiver can be switched over from Polling mode to On mode and vice versa. If permanent sleep mode is selected in the OPMODE register, the receiver can be switched on and off by toggling pin Polling/_ON. Troubleshooting Guide In the following tables the error messages and their solutions are explained. There are two kind of messages. The so-called RF Design Kit messages (see Table 1) and messages from the AVR microcontroller on the motherboard (see Table 2 on page 22). For the error messages 10608 and 10610 the total error code consist of the error code of the RF Design Kit and the error code of the AVR, e.g., the error code 10610-E70 means that the transmitter could not be detected (RF Design Kit message) and the transmitter is not ready (AVR message). the reason is that the transmitter design board is not attached to the interface board. Table 1. RF Design Kit Messages Errorcode Problem Reason Solution 10410 File error 10411 File error 10412 Read error 10413 Read error 10414 Read error 10415 Read error Corrupt or missing.dat file of transmitter Corrupt or missing.dat file of receiver Can not read TX-chipdata Corrupt or missing.dat file Can not read RX-chipdata Corrupt or missing.dat file Can not read TX-defaults Corrupt or missing.dat file Can not read RX-defaults Corrupt or missing.dat file Please select an other transmitter chip. If the error occours once more, check the.dat files or re-install the program. Please select an other receiver chip. If the error occours once more, check the.dat files or reinstall the program. Check the.dat files or re-install the program. Check the.dat files or re-install the program. Check the.dat files or re-install the program. Check the.dat files or re-install the program. 10416 Wrong or no RX-module Check the RX-module or change the current RX-module. 10417 Wrong RX-module Please change the current RX-module. 21
Table 1. RF Design Kit Messages (Continued) Errorcode Problem Reason Solution 10418 Data rate error The selected data rate is higher than 10 kbaud The currently available receivers only supports data rates up to 10 kbaud. 10419 Wrong TX-module Please change the current TX-module. 10601 Can not connect the AVR 10602 Com port is already open 10603 Invalid Com port 10604 Can not open the Com port The AVR-board could not be connected using the selected Com port The selected Com port is already open or used by another program May be the selected Com port is not available in your system An error occured while opening the selected Com port 10605 Wrong AVR version The AVR-board has an obsolete software version or a wrong module number 10608 Communication error The DC power cable is not connected The power switch is off The PC serial cable is not connected 10610 The transmitter could not be detected. The transmitter board is not attached Please check the connection between the PC and the AVR-board and try to connect again. If the AVR-board is connected with another Com port select the appropriate Com port. Please select the Com port which is connected with the AVR-board or make the selected Com port available and try to connect again. Please choose the Com port which is connected with the AVR-board and try to connect again. Please check the function of the selected Com port or select another Com port and try to connect again. Please contact the support to get an AVR-board with the appropriate software. Connect the DC power cable to the plug-in connector. Turn on the power switch. Connect the serial cable to the PC Com port on the RS-232 port connector of the RF Design Kit. Please plug the transmitter board in the programming socket on the interface board and try to connect again. Table 2. AVR Messages Errorcode Problem Reason E0 No answer from AVR The DC power cable is not connected. The power switch is off. The PC serial cable is not connected. E10 Unknown command The received command is unknown. E11 Index out of range The received index is out of the expected range. E12 Wrong bit string The received bit string is not correct. E13 Bit string length out of range The received bit string length is out of the expected range. E14 Wrong parameter string The received parameter string is not correct. E15 Parameter out of range The received parameter is out of the expected range. E40 Impulses out of limit The impulse limit is out of range. E41 Telegram error The received telegram is wrong. E70 TX not ready The TX-module is not installed. 22 ATAK57xx Software Description [Preliminary]
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