SELECTION OF SPECIES FOR INCLUSION IN ANNEX X OF EC REGULATION No. 865/006 (Version edited for public release) Prepared for the European Commission Directorate General E - Environment ENV.E.. Development and Environment by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre May, 008
Prepared and produced by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK ABOUT UNEP WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE www.unep-wcmc.org The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre is the biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the world s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. UNEP-WCMC aims to help decision-makers recognize the value of biodiversity to people everywhere, and to apply this knowledge to all that they do. The Centre s challenge is to transform complex data into policy-relevant information, to build tools and systems for analysis and integration, and to support the needs of nations and the international community as they engage in joint programmes of action. UNEP-WCMC provides objective, scientifically rigorous products and services that include ecosystem assessments, support for implementation of environmental agreements, regional and global biodiversity information, research on threats and impacts, and development of future scenarios for the living world. The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP or contributory organisations. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP, the European Commission or contributory organisations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authority, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION... 4. METHODOLOGY... 6.1. STEP1: INITIAL SELECTION OF ANNEX A FAUNA FOR CONSIDERATION IN ANNEX X... 6.. STEP : CRITERIA AND SPECIES FACT-SHEETS... 10. REFERENCES... 11 ANNEX I: CITES TRADE DATA... 1 ANNEX II: INTERNAL EU TRADE DATA... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1. INTRODUCTION It was agreed at COM 4 and SRG 4 that consideration should be given to the inclusion of additional species in Annex X of Commission Regulation (EC) No 865/006. This document provides a summary of the process proposed to undertake this activity. It is anticipated that discussions at SRG 44 will result in the agreement of criteria which can be used to assess whether species merit inclusion in Annex X of EC Regulation No 865/006. It is further suggested that, using the data analysis in this report, the SRG could identify species for review against these criteria. In summary, the key objectives of this discussion are to: 1. Revise criteria against which species should be assessed for inclusion in Annex X. Propose additional criteria against which species should be assessed for inclusion in Annex X. Decide on the list of species that should be reviewed to see whether they merit inclusion in Annex X of EC Regulation No 865/006 1.1 Legislation background Article 8(1) of Regulation (EC) No 8/97 provides that: 1. The purchase, offer to purchase, acquisition for commercial purposes, display to the public for commercial purposes, use for commercial gain and sale, keeping for sale, offering for sale or transporting for sale of specimens of the species listed in Annex A shall be prohibited. Article 8() of Regulation (EC) No 8/97 provides that:. In accordance with the requirements of other Community legislation on the conservation of wild fauna and flora, exemption from the prohibitions referred to in paragraph 1 may be granted by issuance of a certificate to that effect by a management authority of the Member State in which the specimens are located, on a case-by-case basis where the specimens: (a) were acquired in, or were introduced into, the Community before the provisions relating to species listed in Appendix I to the Convention or in Annex C1 to Regulation (EEC) No 66/8 or in Annex A became applicable to the specimens; or (b) are worked specimens that were acquired more than 50 years previously; or (c) were introduced into the Community in compliance with the provisions of this Regulation and are to be used for purposes which are not detrimental to the survival of the species concerned; or (d) are captive-born and bred specimens of an animal species or artificially propagated specimens of a plant species or are parts or derivatives of such specimens; or (e) are required under exceptional circumstances for the advancement of science or for essential biomedical purposes pursuant to Council Directive 86/609/EEC of 4 November 1986 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States regarding the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes (6) where the species in question proves to be the only one suitable for those purposes and where there are no specimens of the species which have been born and bred in captivity; or (f) are intended for breeding or propagation purposes from which conservation benefits will accrue to the species concerned; or (g) are intended for research or education aimed at the preservation or conservation of the species; or 4
(h) originate in a Member State and were taken from the wild in accordance with the legislation in force in that Member State. Article 10 of Regulation (EC) No 8/97 provides that: 10. Certificates to be issued On receiving an application, together with all the requisite supporting documents, from the person concerned and provided that all the conditions governing their issuance have been fulfilled, a management authority of a Member State may issue a certificate for the purposes referred to in Article 5 () (b), 5 () and (4), Article 8 () and Article 9 () (b). These certificates (referred to in Article 10 of EC Reg No 8/97) are consequently often known as Article 10 certificates. They are also referred to as internal trade certificates (TRAFFIC Europe, 006). Article 6 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 865/006 provides that: General exemptions from Article 8(1) and () of Regulation (EC) No 8/97 The provision laid down in Article 8() of Regulation (EC) No 8/97, to the effect that exemptions from the prohibitions in Article 8(1) are to be granted by the issue of a certificate on a case-by-case basis, shall not apply to, and no certificate shall be required for, the following: (1) specimens of captive born and bred animals of the species listed in Annex X to this Regulation, and hybrids thereof, provided that specimens of annotated species are marked in accordance with Article 66(1) of this Regulation; () artificially propagated specimens of plant species; () worked specimens that were acquired more than 50 years previously as defined in Article (w) of Regulation (EC) No 8/97 Annex X (as referred to in article 6(1) of EC Regulation No 865/006) currently includes the following species : ANSERIFORMES Anatidae Anas laysanensis Anas querquedula Aythya nyroca Branta ruficollis Branta sandvicensis Oxyura leucocephala GALLIFORMES Phasianidae Catreus wallichi Colinus virginianus ridgwayi Crossoptilon crossoptilon Crossoptilon mantchuricum Lophophurus impejanus Lophura edwardsi Lophura swinhoii Polyplectron emphanum Syrmaticus ellioti Syrmaticus humiae Syrmaticus mikado COLUMBIFORMES Columbidae Columba livia PSITTACIFORMES Psittacidae Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae Psephotus dissimilis PASSERIFORMES Fringillidae Carduelis cucullata 5
. METHODOLOGY It is proposed that the process of selecting Annex A fauna for inclusion in Annex X of EC Regulation No 865/006 be undertaken in a two step process (Table 1). It is suggested that a first step in this process could be a review of CITES trade data and EU internal trade certificates for Annex A animal species to identify species commonly available in captivity and in trade. In the second step, selected species will be assessed against the criteria outlined in section. to determine whether their inclusion in Annex X may be warranted. Table 1. Methodology outline Phases Objectives Data Step 1 Initial selection of Annex A fauna for consideration in Annex X CITES trade data Internal EU trade data Step Agreement on criteria against which species should be assessed Assess whether species selected in Step 1 may warrant inclusion in Annex X Criteria to be agreed at SRG 44 In-depth fact-sheets for species selected in Step 1..1. STEP1: INITIAL SELECTION OF ANNEX A FAUNA FOR CONSIDERATION IN ANNEX X Initial selection of species for review could include those species selected by the SRG on the basis of trade data (reported trade and Annex A certificates) as well as other species suggested by Member States. Member States may also wish to consider whether any in-depth reviews should be undertaken for species that are already included in Annex X. A preliminary list of species based on the criteria below is presented in Table. The SRG are invited to assess this list and to make suggestions for species that could be reviewed for discussion at SRG 45. The list excludes species already in Annex X. It includes species that have been traded above a threshold level of 100 live captive-bred specimens imported or exported into/from the EU during 00-006 were included in Table. A more detailed overview of trade data in Annex A fauna is included in Annex I of this report. The proportion of trade in captive-bred specimens compared to trade from all sources (i.e. including wild-sourced specimens) is indicated. The list also includes species based on the number of internal trade certificates issued and on suggestions by EU Member States. 6
Table. Species selected by Member States CITES Authorities and/or species where EU CITES trade or Annex A trade certificates exceeded 100 specimens during the reporting period specified. Species already in Annex X have been excluded from the table. Species CITES Appendix/ EU Annex EU-reported CITES trade 00-006 1 Seizures reported in EU annual reports? MAMMALIA Canidae Canis lupus I/II A/B Trade <100 x Felidae Lynx lynx II A Trade <100 x Panthera pardus I A Trade <100 7 derivatives, 1 skin piece, 1 skin, 9 trophies Panthera tigris I A live specimens exported (100) 1 skin, 0.14kg and 7 (no units) derivative Mustelidae Lutra lutra I A Trade <100 x Ursidae Ailurus fulgens I A Trade <100 x Ursus arctos I/II A Trade <100 1 live, trophies Cebidae Callimico goeldi I A Trade <100 x Saguinus oedipus I A Trade <100 x oedipus Hominidae Pan troglodytes I A Trade <100 live Hylobatidae Hylobates lar I A Trade <100 x Lemuridae Eulemur fulvus IA Trade <100 x Lemur catta I A Trade <100 x Varecia variegata I A Trade <100 x variegata AVES Ardeidae Bubulcus ibis - A Trade <100 x Egretta garzetta - A Trade <100 x Threskiornithidae Geronticus eremita I A Trade <100 x Phoenicopteridae Phoenicopterus ruber II A Trade <100 x Columbidae Caloenas nicobarica I A Trade <100 x Streptopelia turtur - A Trade <100 x Accipitridae Accipiter gentilis II A Trade <100 x 1 Refers to trade in species that have been traded above a threshold level of 100 live captive-bred specimens imported or exported into/from the EU during 00-006. Terms other than live not included (see Annex I for details on all terms). In parenthesis, percentage of the total for that term (captive-bred plus other sources) that the figure represents. 7
Species CITES Appendix/ EU Annex EU-reported CITES trade 00-006 1 Seizures reported in EU annual reports? Accipter nisus II A Trade <100 x Aquila chrysaetos II A Trade <100 x Buteo buteo II A Trade <100 x Haliaeetus I A Trade <100 x leucocephalus Milvus migrans II A Trade <100 x Falconidae Falco biarmicus II A Trade <100 x Falco cherrug II A 75 live specimens 1 body exported (100) Falco columbarius II A Trade <100 x Falco hybrids 5587 live x specimens exported (100) Falco jugger I A Trade <100 x Falco pelegrinoides I A Trade <100 1 live Falco peregrinus I A 447 live specimens x exported (100) Falco rusticolus I A,05 live x specimens exported (100) Falco subbuteo II A Trade <100 x Falco tinnunculus II A Trade <100 1 body Phasianidae Tragopan satyra I A Trade <100 x Gruidae Grus grus II A Trade <100 x Grus japonensis I A Trade <100 x Grus vipio IA Trade <100 x Sturnidae Leucopsar rothschildi I A Trade <100 x Cacatuidae Cacatua goffini I A Trade <100 x Cacatua moluccensis I A live specimens x imported (100) Cacatua sulphurea I A Trade <100 x Cacatua sulphurea I A Trade <100 x citrinocristata Psittacidae Amazona auropalliata I A Trade <100 x Amazona auropalliata I A Trade <100 x parvipes Amazona barbadensis I A Trade <100 x Amazona finschi I A Trade <100 x Amazona I A Trade <100 x leucocephala Amazona oratrix I A Trade <100 x Amazona I A Trade <100 live rhodocorytha Amazona tucumana I A Trade <100 x Amazona vinacea I A Trade <100 x Amazona I A Trade <100 x viridigenalis Anodorhynchus I A Trade <100 x hyacinthinus Ara ambigua I A Trade <100 x Ara glaucogularis I A Trade <100 4 live 8
Species CITES Appendix/ EU Annex EU-reported CITES trade 00-006 1 Seizures reported in EU annual reports? Ara macao I A Trade <100 x Ara maracana I A Trade <100 x Ara militaris I A Trade <100 x Ara rubrogenys I A Trade <100 x Cyanoramphus I/II A/B Trade <100 x auriceps Eunymphicus I A Trade <100 x cornutus Garouba garouba I A Trade <100 x Primolius maracana I A Trade <100 x Psephotus I A Trade <100 x chrysopterygius Pyrrhura cruentata I A Trade <100 x Spheniscidae Spheniscus I A Trade <100 x humboldtii Strigidae Aegolius funereus II A Trade <100 x Asio otus II A Trade <100 x Athene noctua II A Trade <100 x Bubo bubo II A Trade <100 x Ninox I/II A/B Trade <100 x novaerseelandiae Nyctea scandiaca II A Trade <100 x Otus scops II A Trade <100 x Strix aluco II A Trade <100 x Strix nebulosa II A Trade <100 x Strix uralensis II A Trade <100 x Surnia ulula II A Trade <100 x Tytonidae Tyto alba II A Trade <100 x REPTILIA Boidae Acrantophis dumerilii I A Trade <100 x Acrantophis I A Trade <100 x madagascariensis Boa constrictor I A Trade <100 x occidentalis Epicrates subflavus I A Trade <100 x Sanzinia I A Trade <100 x madagascariensis Pythonidae Python molurus I A Trade <100 x molurus Geoemydidae Geoclemys hamiltonii I A Trade <100 x Testudinidae Astrochelys radiata I A Trade <100 x Malacochersus II A 15 live specimens x tornieri exported (100) Testudo graeca II A 10,69 live specimens imported (99) 75 live 9
Species CITES Appendix/ EU Annex EU-reported CITES trade 00-006 1 Testudo hermanni II A 6,880 live specimens exported and 17,105 live specimens imported (100) Testudo hermanni boettgeri Seizures reported in EU annual reports? 4 live II A Trade <100 x Testudo kleinmanni I A Trade <100 x Testudo marginata II A 4 live specimens x exported and 10 live specimens imported (100) ACTINOPTERYGII Osteoglossidae Scleropages formosus I A 54 live specimens imported (100) x.. STEP : CRITERIA AND SPECIES FACT-SHEETS It is proposed that species fact-sheets are compiled for all species selected for review at SRG 44, using criteria to assess whether the species may warrant inclusion in Annex X. The SRG are invited to consider the draft criteria outlined in Table, to revise where appropriate and to suggest any additional criteria. Table. Proposed criteria and assessment methodology for inclusion of Annex A animal species in Annex X of EC Regulation No 865/006. Proposed criteria Assessment Species fact-sheets High volumes of legal trade in captivebred specimens recorded Analysis of EU and global imports and exports of captive-bred (C, D & F) Annex A animals Select species traded above a threshold level? 100? 1000? Live? Other terms? Not likely to occur in illegal trade Seizures information in annual reports TRAFFIC risk list Other literature Web searches on market price Low level trade in wild and ranched specimens globally and in the EU Summary of global and EU trade in wild and ranched specimens Common in captivity or easy to breed in Analysis of EU Annex A certificates commercial quantities Garstecki (006a,b) Literature review Expert input from Member States Ease of marking? Expert input from Member States Low conservation risk of any wild trade IUCN Red List status Outline of available status information 10
. REFERENCES Garstecki, T. 006a. Evaluating captive-breeding claims: guidelines for EU Member States CITES Scientific Authorities. A TRAFFIC Europe report for the European Commission, Brussels, Belgium. Garstecki, T. 006b. Evaluating imports of captive-bred or ranched wildlife specimens: Guidelines for CITES Scientific Authorities of the EU Member States. A TRAFFIC Europe report for the European Commission, Brussels, Belgium. TRAFFIC Europe. 006. Permits, certificates and notifications documents needed for wildlife trade into, from and inside the EU. URL: http://www.eu-wildlifetrade.org/pdf/en/_permits_en.pdf Accessed May 008. 11
ANNEX I: CITES TRADE DATA Direct exports and imports from/into the EU in Annex A fauna, 00-006. Scientific specimens and source O excluded. Species Term Unit MAMMALIA Total Antilocapridae Antilocapra americana horns 0-0 1 0 Bovidae Addax nasomaculatus horns 0-0 1 0 live 4 4 100 10 10 100 trophies 0-11 1 9 Capra falconeri garments 0-0 0 horns 0-100 live 18 18 100 5 5 100 skins 0-1 skulls 0-0 0 trophies 0-5 7 19 Capra falconeri jerdoni trophies 0-0 0 Capricornis sumatraensis trophies 0-0 1 0 Gazella dama horns 0-0 1 0 live 10 10 100 0 - trophies 0-100 Naemorhedus goral trophies 0-0 1 0 Oryx dammah live 1 1 100 5 5 100 skins 0-100 trophies 0-49 56 88 Oryx leucoryx live 11 11 100 0 - trophies 0-9 9 100 Ovis ammon darwini trophies 0-0 0 Ovis orientalis gmelini trophies 0-0 1 0 Camelidae Vicugna vicugna live 14 14 100 0 - Cervidae Cervus eldii thamin live 1 1 100 100 carvings 0-0 16 0 teeth 0-0 76 0 Dama dama mesopotamica live 4 4 100 0 - Dama mesopotamica horns 1 1 100 0 - live 100 0 - Pudu puda live 4 4 100 100 Data as of 8 th March 008. Scientific specimens and source code O excluded. EU countries considered to be EU-15 during 00-00 and EU-5 during 004-006. Source codes C, D, and F. 4 All source codes, excluding O. 1
Total Rucervus duvaucelii bodies 1 1 100 0 - horns 1 1 100 0 - Moschidae Moschus spp. derivatives kg 0-0 0 0 0-0 0 Ailuridae Ailurus fulgens live 7 7 100 4 4 100 Canidae Canis lupus live 100 0 - Speothos venaticus live 6 6 100 0 - Felidae Acinonyx jubatus bodies 1 1 100 0 1 0 live 15 15 100 6 6 100 skeletons 0-1 1 100 skins 0-0 81 0 skulls 0-0 59 0 teeth 0-0 4 0 trophies 0-0 5 0 Catopuma temminckii live 100 4 50 Caracal caracal live 100 1 1 100 Felidae spp. live 0-1 1 100 Felis hybrid live 0-100 Felis nigripes bodies 0-100 live 1 1 100 100 Felis silvestris bodies 0-7 9 live 1 1 100 60 6 97 skins 0-0 40 0 skulls 0-0 0 trophies 0-94 Felis silvestris libyca skins 0-0 0 skulls 0-0 1 0 trophies 0-0 5 0 Herpailurus yaguarondi live 6 6 100 100 Leopardus pardalis live 6 7 86 100 Leopardus tigrinus bodies 0-100 live 100 0 - Leopardus wiedii bodies 0-100 live 10 10 100 0 - Lynx lynx bodies 1 4 5 1 4 5 derivatives 0-1 1 100 live 100 9 10 90 plates 0-0 0 skins 0 1 0 0 15 0 skulls 0-0 4 0 teeth 0 719 0 0 - trophies 0 1 0 0 5 0 Neofelis nebulosa live 100 4 4 100 skin pieces 0-0 7 0 1
Total Oncifelis geoffroyi bodies 0-100 live 100 0 - Panthera leo trophies 0-0 0 Panthera leo persica live 4 4 100 1 1 100 Panthera onca claws 0-0 1 0 live 17 17 100 5 5 100 skins 0-0 1 0 skulls 0-0 8 0 teeth 0-0 4 0 Panthera pardus bodies 1 1 100 1 6 17 bones 0-0 0 claws 0-0 6 0 derivatives 0-0 7 0 live 40 40 100 9 1 75 skeletons 0-0 1 0 skin pieces 0-0 1 0 skins 0-0 1 0 skulls 0-0 9 0 small leather products 0-0 4 0 trophies 0-0 1445 0 Panthera tigris bodies 100 1 1 100 derivatives kg 0-0 0 0 0-0 7 0 live 100 60 60 100 skins 0-5 7 71 trophies 0-1 1 100 Panthera tigris altaica live 9 9 100 9 9 100 Panthera tigris sumatrae live 8 8 100 0 - Puma concolor skins 0-0 0 skulls 0-0 1 0 Uncia uncia live 5 5 100 9 9 100 Mustelidae Lutra lutra bodies 0 0 0 0 live 11 1 85 10 4 skins 0 1 0 0 - teeth 0-0 10 0 Pteronura brasiliensis live 0-4 75 Phocidae Monachus monachus skins 0 0 0 - Ursidae Helarctos malayanus live 0-100 Melursus ursinus live 4 4 100 0 - Tremarctos ornatus live 6 6 100 4 4 100 Ursidae spp. derivatives kg 0-0 0 0 0-0 8 0 Ursus arctos bodies 4 75 0 6 0 bones 0 0 0 0 claws 0-0 4 0 14
Total genitalia 0-0 1 0 large leather products 0-0 0 live 6 6 100 48 56 86 meat kg 0 8 0 0 - plates 0-0 1 0 skins 0 0 0 18 0 skulls 0 1 0 0 14 0 small leather products 0-0 1 0 teeth 0 919 0 0 4 0 trophies kg 0-0 15 0 0 5 0 0 119 0 unspecified 0 0 0 - Ursus arctos horribilis trophies 0-0 1 0 Ursus arctos isabellinus live 0-1 1 100 Ursus thibetanus live 0-6 6 100 trophies 0-0 5 0 Balaenidae Balaena mysticetus bones kg 0-0 0 0-0 10 0 carvings 0-0 17 0 Cetacea spp. bones 0-0 19 0 Eubalaena glacialis bone pieces kg 0 1 0 0 - Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera acutorostrata baleen 0-0 0 bone pieces 0-0 1 0 bones 0-0 16 0 carvings pairs 0-0 1 0 0-0 5 0 meat kg 0-0 1811 0 Balaenoptera physalus baleen 0-0 11 0 bone pieces 0-0 1 0 bones 0-0 6 0 carvings 0-0 6 0 skulls 0-0 1 0 Megaptera novaeangliae baleen 0-0 0 bones 0-0 0 carvings 0-0 1 0 Delphinidae Delphinus delphis teeth 0-0 50 0 Feresa attenuata teeth 0-0 0 0 Globicephala macrorhynchus skulls 0-0 1 0 teeth 0-0 50 0 Globicephala melas bones 0-0 1 0 meat kg 0-0 67 0 skulls 0-0 0 Lagenorhynchus acutus teeth 0-0 600 0 Orcinus orca live 0-4 4 100 15
Total Stenella coeruleoalba teeth 0-0 50 0 Tursiops truncatus live 0 0 0 15 0 teeth 0 4 0 0 50 0 Tursiops truncatus aduncus live 0-0 0 Monodontidae Delphinapterus leucas carvings sets 0-0 1 0 0-0 9 0 meat kg 0-0 5 0 skulls 0-0 1 0 teeth 0-0 15 0 Monodon monoceros bones 0-0 1 0 carvings pairs 0-0 17 0 0-4 1617 0 ivory products 0-0 8 0 meat kg 0-0 1 0 skulls 0-0 8 0 teeth 0-0 115 0 trophies 0-0 0 tusks 0-0 176 0 Phocoenidae Phocoena phocoena bodies 0-0 0 meat kg 0-0 16 0 teeth 0 14 0 0 - Physeteridae Kogia breviceps skulls 0-0 1 0 teeth 0-0 4 0 Kogia sima teeth 0-0 1 0 Kogia simus skeletons 0-0 1 0 Physeter catodon carvings 0 5 0 0 07 0 derivatives 0-0 1 0 teeth 0 0 0 1 0 Zyphiidae Ziphius cavirostris teeth 0-0 50 0 Pteropodidae Pteropus livingstonei bodies 0-1 1 100 Pteropus livingstonii live 100 100 Pteropus rodricensis bodies 0-15 15 100 live 100 100 Dasypodidae Priodontes maximus claws 0-0 4 0 skin pieces 0-0 0 Potoroidae Bettongia penicillata live 9 9 100 0 - Equidae Equus africanus derivatives 0-0 50 0 live 100 1 1 100 Equus grevyi live 7 7 100 100 Equus hemionus live 11 11 100 100 skulls 0-0 150 0 16
Total Equus hemionus hemionus skulls 0-0 50 0 Equus kiang live 4 4 100 6 6 100 Equus przewalskii live 60 60 100 1 1 100 skeletons 1 1 100 0 - Equus zebra zebra trophies 0-0 1 0 Rhinocerotidae Ceratotherium simum trophies 0-0 1 0 Ceratotherium simum simum horns 0-0 0 trophies 0-1 50 Diceros bicornis live 4 4 100 1 1 100 trophies 0-0 1 0 Rhinoceros unicornis live 0-4 50 Rhinocerotidae spp. carvings 0-0 0 trophies 0-0 0 Tapiridae Tapirus indicus live 0-4 50 Cebidae Callimico goeldii bodies 4 4 100 1 1 100 live 17 17 100 100 Leontopithecus chrysomela live 100 1 1 100 Leontopithecus chrysomelas live 100 0 - Leontopithecus chrysopygus bodies 0-4 4 100 live 0-1 1 100 Leontopithecus rosalia bodies 0-100 live 17 17 100 8 8 100 Saguinus bicolor bodies 0-4 4 100 live 0-9 9 100 Saguinus oedipus bodies 0-100 live 68 68 100 100 Cercopithecidae Cercopithecus diana bodies 1 1 100 0 - live 1 1 100 1 1 100 Macaca silenus live 1 1 100 6 6 100 Mandrillus leucophaeus live 100 0 - Mandrillus sphinx hair 0-5 40 6 live 14 14 100 7 7 100 Semnopithecus entellus live 4 4 100 8 8 100 Cheirogaleidae Cheirogaleus medius hair g 0-0 0 0 live 0-4 4 100 Microcebus berthae hair g 0-0 0 0 Microcebus murinus hair g 0-0 0 0 live 46 46 100 100 Microcebus spp. bodies 0-0 4 0 Mirza coquereli hair g 0-0 0 0 Daubentoniidae Daubentonia madagascariensis live 0-100 17
Total Hominidae Gorilla gorilla bodies 0-1 1 100 live 1 1 100 4 4 100 Pan troglodytes live 17 17 100 7 0 90 skeletons 1 1 100 0 1 0 skulls 0-0 0 Pongo abelii live 0-1 1 100 Pongo pygmaeus hair 0-0 0 live 1 1 100 8 9 89 Pongo pygmaeus abelii live 0-1 1 100 Indriidae Propithecus verreauxi hair g 0-0 0 0 live 1 1 100 0 - Lemuridae Eulemur albifrons live 0-100 Eulemur coronatus live 5 5 100 0 - Eulemur fulvus bodies 0-0 0 hair g 0-0 0 0 0-0 000 0 live 100 0 - Eulemur macaco live 6 6 100 0 - Eulemur macaco flavifrons live 100 0 - Eulemur macaco macaco live 8 8 100 0 - Eulemur mongoz live 1 1 100 1 1 100 Eulemur rubriventer live 1 1 100 0 - Hapalemur griseus bodies 0-100 live 1 1 100 1 1 100 Lemur catta bodies 0-1 1 100 live 85 85 100 14 14 100 Varecia rubra live 100 0 - Varecia variegata bodies 1 1 100 1 1 100 live 4 4 100 9 9 100 Lepilemuridae Lepilemur ruficaudatus hair g 0-0 0 0 Hylobatidae Nomascus leucogenys live 100 0 - Elephantidae Elephantidae spp. carvings 0-0 4 0 ivory carvings 0-0 6 0 Elephas maximus feet 100 0 - ivory carvings 0-468 50 88 live 4 4 100 5 5 100 Loxodonta africana bodies 0-0 0 carvings kg 0-0 7 0 0-0 45 0 derivatives 0-0 8 0 ears 0-0 4 0 feet 0-0 4 0 ivory kg 0-0 1655 0 18
carvings Total 0 10 0 0 114 0 ivory pieces 0-0 0 ivory products g 0-0 8 0 kg 0-0 18 0 0-0 1 0 large leather products pairs 0-0 1 0 0-0 9 0 live kg 5 5 100 0-0 - 0 5 0 skin pieces ft 0-0 689 0 0-0 67 0 skins dm 0-0 1449 0 ft 0-0 978 0 0-0 0 0 skulls 0-0 1 0 small leather products 0-0 8 0 tails 0-0 14 0 teeth 0-0 0 trophies 0-0 659 0 tusks kg 0-0 41 0 pairs 0-0 0 0-0 9 0 Hystricidae Hystrix cristata live 100 0 - trophies 0-0 5 0 Trichechidae Trichechus manatus live 0-1 1 100 AVES Anatidae Anas laysanensis bodies 0-1 1 100 live 14 14 100 0 - Anas querquedula live 85 85 100 0 - skins 0-0 6 0 Aythya nyroca live 9 9 100 0 - Branta ruficollis bodies 1 1 100 0 - feathers 1 1 100 0 - live 6 6 100 8 8 100 Branta sandvicensis bodies 0-1 1 100 live 61 61 100 0 - Cairina scutulata bodies 0-1 1 100 live 0-100 skins 15 15 100 0 - Oxyura leucocephala live 55 55 100 0 - Ardeidae skins 1 1 100 0-19
Total Bubulcus ibis bodies 0-0 0 live 0-4 4 100 Casmerodius albus feathers 0-0 4 0 Egretta garzetta bodies 0-1 1 100 live 0-0 1 0 Bucerotidae Buceros bicornis live 100 4 4 100 Ciconiidae Ciconia nigra bodies 0 0 0 - live 0 1 0 10 10 100 Jabiru mycteria feathers 0-0 0 Phoenicopteridae Phoenicopterus ruber live 54 54 100 58 507 11 Threskiornithidae Geronticus eremita bodies 0-6 6 100 eggs 0-1 1 100 live 6 6 100 8 8 100 Platalea leucorodia live 8 9 97 4 4 100 Columbidae Caloenas nicobarica live 18 18 100 10 14 71 Columba livia bodies 100 0 - feathers 1 1 100 0 - live 581 581 100 8 8 100 Streptopelia turtur bodies 0-0 1 0 live 1 1 100 0 - Accipitridae Accipiter gentilis bodies 0 0 0 - live 8 89 9 9 9 100 Accipiter nisus bodies 0 1 0 0 - live 17 17 100 0 - skins 0 0 0 - Aegypius monachus feathers 0-0 0 0 live 0-100 Aquila chrysaetos bodies 0-0 1 0 feathers 19 19 100 0 - live 16 16 100 19 0 95 Aquila heliaca bodies 0-0 1 0 feathers 0-0 9 0 live 0-4 4 100 Aquila pomarina bodies 0-0 1 0 Aquila spp. live 1 1 100 0 - Buteo buteo bodies 0 10 0 0 - live 6 6 100 0 - Buteo lagopus bodies 0 0 0 1 0 Buteo rufinus bodies 1 1 100 0 - live 6 6 100 0 - Circaetus gallicus bodies 0-0 1 0 live 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
Total Circus aeruginosus bodies 0 0 0 - skins 0 1 0 0 - Gypaetus barbatus live 4 4 100 16 16 100 Gyps fulvus bodies 0 1 0 0 - feathers 0-0 116 0 live 6 11 55 5 6 8 Haliaeetus albicilla bodies 0-0 0 feathers 5 5 100 0 711 0 live 1 1 100 4 94 Haliaeetus leucocephalus live 4 4 100 6 6 100 Haliaeetus pelagicus live 5 5 100 1 1 100 Haliaeetus vocifer live 100 0 0 0 Harpia harpyja feathers 0-0 86 0 live 1 1 100 0 - Hieraaetus fasciatus bodies 0-0 1 0 live 100 0 - Milvus migrans bodies 0 0 0 - eggs 0-0 1 0 live 10 10 100 0 - Milvus milvus bodies 1 5 0 0 - live 9 9 100 0 5 0 Neophron percnopterus feathers 0-0 1 0 live 1 1 100 0 - Pernis apivorus bodies 0-0 1 0 live 0 0 0 - Cathartidae Vultur gryphus bodies 1 1 100 0 - live 100 1 1 100 Falconidae Falco biarmicus bodies 1 1 100 0 - live 100 6 6 100 Falco cherrug bodies 1 1 100 0 1 0 feathers kg 1 1 100 0-1 1 100 0 57 0 live 75 75 100 1 1 100 Falco columbarius bodies 0 0 0 - live 1 1 100 0 - Falco eleonorae live 0 1 0 0 - Falco hybrid bodies 100 0 - feathers g 840 840 100 0 - kg 6 6 100 0 - live 5587 5587 100 10 10 100 Falco jugger bodies 100 0 - live 7 7 100 100 Falco naumanni bodies 5 5 100 0 1 0 eggs 15 15 100 0 7 0 Falco pelegrinoides bodies 1 1 100 0 1 0 feathers g 170 170 100 0 - live 10 10 100 1 50 1
Total Falco pelegrinoides babylonicus live 1 1 100 7 7 100 Falco peregrinus bodies 5 5 100 0 0 eggs 0-0 0 feathers g 850 850 100 0-1 1 100 0 57 0 live 447 447 100 44 45 98 Falco peregrinus anatum live 0-100 Falco peregrinus brookei live 0-100 Falco peregrinus calidus feathers 0-0 10 0 Falco peregrinus cassini live 0-100 Falco peregrinus pealei live 1 1 100 0 - Falco punctatus live 0-1 1 100 Falco rusticolus bodies 10 10 100 0 - feathers kg 100 0-1 1 100 0 61 0 live 05 05 100 98 98 100 Falco tinnunculus bodies 0 7 0 0 1 0 eggs 0 6 0 0 - live 18 19 95 67 skins 0 1 0 0 - Falco vespertinus live 0-0 0 100 Cracidae Crax alberti live 0-1 1 100 Crax blumenbachii live 0-100 Mitu mitu feathers 0-0 4 0 Oreophasis derbianus live 0-100 Phasianidae Catreus wallichii live 69 69 100 0 - Crossoptilon crossoptilon bodies 0-100 feathers 100 0 - live 49 49 100 0 - Crossoptilon mantchuricum live 47 47 100 0 - skins 5 5 100 0 - Lophophorus impejanus feathers 9 9 100 0 - live 155 155 100 100 skins 7 7 100 0 - Lophura edwardsi bodies 0-45 45 100 live 68 68 100 6 6 100 Lophura swinhoii feathers 1 1 100 0 - live 106 106 100 0 - skins 1 1 100 0 - Polyplectron emphanum bodies 0-100 live 46 46 100 59 59 100 Polyplectron napoleonis live 15 15 100 1 1 100 Syrmaticus ellioti live 81 81 100 0 - Syrmaticus humiae live 7 7 100 0 -
Total Syrmaticus mikado bodies 0-0 0 live 100 0 - skins 1 1 100 0 - Tragopan caboti bodies 1 1 100 0 - live 100 1 1 100 Gruidae Grus canadensis live 7 7 100 10 10 100 Grus grus live 1 1 100 1 1 100 skins 0 0 0 - Grus japonensis egg (live) 8 8 100 0 - eggs 14 14 100 0 - live 1 1 100 4 4 100 Grus leucogeranus live 1 1 100 6 6 100 Grus monacha live 0-7 7 100 Grus nigricollis live 0-1 1 100 Grus vipio live 7 7 100 4 4 100 Otididae Otis tarda feathers 0-0 10 0 live 0-0 74 0 skins 1 1 100 0 - Cotingidae Cotinga maculata feathers 0-0 11 0 Xipholena atropurpurea feathers 0-0 0 Fringillidae Carduelis cucullata live 8 8 100 5 4965 1 Fringillidae hybrid live 100 0 - Propyrrhura couloni live 0-6 6 100 Propyrrhura maracana live 8 8 100 100 Sturnidae Leucopsar rothschildi bodies 0-5 5 100 live 14 14 100 7 7 100 Pelecanidae Pelecanus crispus bodies 0 0 0 - live 9 9 100 0 - Cacatuidae Cacatua goffini bodies 0 1 0 0 - live 8 8 100 17 17 100 Cacatua haematuropygia live 0-7 8 88 Cacatua moluccensis live 10 11 91 100 Cacatua sulphurea live 100 75 75 100 Probosciger aterrimus live 0-45 45 100 Loriidae Eos histrio live 0-1 1 100 Vini australis live 1 1 100 0 - Vini peruviana live 0-100 Psittacidae Amazona auropalliata live 100 0 - Amazona barbadensis feathers 0-0 8 0 live 8 8 100 67
Total Amazona brasiliensis live 0-14 14 100 Amazona finschi live 0-1 1 100 Amazona guildingii live 0-100 Amazona leucocephala live 14 14 100 17 18 94 Amazona ochrocephala live 8 8 100 0 - Amazona ochrocephala auropalliata live 7 7 100 7 87 8 Amazona ochrocephala belizensis live 1 1 100 0 - Amazona ochrocephala oratrix live 69 69 100 100 Amazona pretrei live 0-100 Amazona rhodocorytha live 6 6 100 19 1 90 Amazona tucumana feathers 1 1 100 0 - live 4 6 67 8 8 100 Amazona versicolor bodies 0-57 57 100 live 0-100 Amazona vinacea live 1 1 100 15 15 100 Amazona viridigenalis live 19 0 95 100 Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus feathers 4 4 100 0 0 live 100 98 98 100 Anodorhynchus leari live 0-0 4 0 Ara ambigua feathers g 0-0 5 0 live 100 1 1 100 Ara ambiguus live 0-100 Ara glaucogularis live 1 1 100 6 0 87 Ara macao feathers g 0-0 100 0 6 6 100 0 5 0 live 16 16 100 66 66 100 Ara militaris feathers 8 8 100 0 - live 1 1 100 100 Ara rubrogenys live 6 6 100 8 8 100 Ara spp. live 0-1 1 100 Cyanopsitta spixii live 0-4 4 100 Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae live 7 7 100 40 40 100 skins 1 1 100 0 - Eunymphicus cornutus skins 1 1 100 0 - Guarouba guarouba live 19 19 100 4 4 100 Pionopsitta pileata live 100 0 - Primolius maracana live 0-1 1 100 Psephotus chrysopterygius live 10 10 100 0 - skins 1 1 100 0 - Psephotus dissimilis live 8 8 100 0 - Psephotus pulcherrimus live 6 6 100 0 - Pyrrhura cruentata live 100 0 - Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha bodies 0-1 1 100 live 0-1 1 100 Strigops habroptilus feathers 0-0 1 0 4
Total Rheidae Pterocnemia pennata live 0-1 1 100 Rhea pennata eggs 0 0 100 0 - Spheniscidae Spheniscus humboldti live 60 60 100 55 55 100 Strigidae Aegolius funereus bodies 0 1 0 0 1 0 live 1 1 100 100 Asio flammeus bodies 0 0 0 1 0 Asio otus bodies 0 4 0 0 0 live 0-1 1 100 skins 0 1 0 0 - Athene noctua bodies 0 0 0 - live 18 18 100 5 5 100 skins 0 0 0 - Bubo bubo bodies 6 6 100 0 0 eggs 100 0 - feathers 1 1 100 0 - live 46 50 9 6 6 100 skins 1 1 100 0 - Glaucidium passerinum bodies 0-0 0 live 4 4 100 0 - Nyctea scandiaca bodies 0 1 95 0 - eggs 8 8 100 0 - live 79 79 100 100 Otus scops live 6 6 100 0 - Strix aluco bodies 0 14 0 0 0 live 8 8 100 100 skins 0 7 0 0 - Strix nebulosa bodies 6 6 100 0 - eggs 6 6 100 0 - live 46 46 100 100 skins 0-0 1 0 Strix uralensis bodies 1 1 100 0 1 0 live 100 15 15 100 Surnia ulula live 9 9 100 1 1 100 Tytonidae Tyto alba bodies 0 10 0 0 1 0 live 47 47 100 5 5 100 skins 0 1 0 0 - Struthionidae Struthio camelus eggs 0-0 6 0 feathers 0-80 80 100 REPTILIA Alligatoridae Alligator sinensis live 0-1 1 100 Caiman latirostris skins 0-50 50 100 5
Total Crocodylidae Crocodylidae spp. bodies 0-0 0 large leather products 0-0 5 0 skulls 0-0 1 0 small leather products 0-0 1 0 Crocodylus acutus skins 0-0 0 100 small leather products 0 1 0 0 - Crocodylus mindorensis live 0-15 15 100 Crocodylus moreletii bodies 0-100 large leather products 0-100 skins 0-1051 1051 100 skulls 0-100 small leather products pairs 0-15 15 100 0-159 159 100 Crocodylus niloticus bodies 0-0 0 large leather products 0-155 155 100 live 0-16 16 100 meat kg 0-975 975 100 skin pieces 0-18 18 100 skins 0-0 5 0 skulls 0-0 4 0 small leather products 0-46 96 trophies 0-0 5 0 Crocodylus porosus bodies 0-54 54 100 live 0-15 15 100 meat kg 0-0 17 0 skin pieces 0-00 00 100 skins 0-70 70 100 skulls 0-0 1 0 small leather products 0-51 51 100 Crocodylus rhombifer bodies 0-8 8 100 skins 0-1 1 100 skulls 0-1 1 100 small leather products 0-181 181 100 trophies 0-100 Crocodylus siamensis bodies 0-84 84 100 garments 0-9 9 100 large leather products pairs 0-8 8 100 0-44 44 100 live 0-100 meat kg 0-769 769 100 6
Crocodylus spp. Total shoes pairs 0-1 1 100 skeletons 0-1 1 100 skins 0-0 0 100 skulls 0-6 6 100 small leather products pairs 0-1 1 100 0-815 815 100 small leather products 0-1 1 100 Melanosuchus niger live 0-15 15 100 Osteolaemus tetraspis live 1 1 100 0 - Chamaelenoidae Brookesia perarmata bodies 0-0 5 0 Chamaeleo chamaeleon bodies 0-0 14 0 live 100 1 54 Iguanidae Brachylophus fasciatus live 14 14 100 0 - Cyclura cornuta live 7 7 100 100 100 100 Cyclura nubila live 100 0 - Sauromalus varius live 0-8 8 100 Lacertidae Podarcis pityusensis live 5 5 100 0 - Varanidae Varanus griseus small leather products 0-1 1 100 Varanus komodoensis live 1 1 100 100 Boidae Acrantophis dumerili bodies 0-0 1 0 live 4 4 100 19 19 100 Acrantophis madagascariensis bodies 0-0 1 0 live 41 41 100 0 - Boa constrictor occidentalis live 100 0 - Epicrates inornatus live 1 1 100 0 - Epicrates subflavus live 0-100 Eryx jaculus live 6 6 100 0 - Sanzinia madagascariensis bodies 0-0 5 0 live 1 1 100 1 1 100 Pythonidae Python molurus molurus live 7 7 100 0 - Chelonidae Caretta caretta carapace 0-0 70 0 carapaces 0-0 69 0 eggs (live) 0-0 600 0 Chelonia mydas bodies 0 0 0 - carapace 0-0 0 carapaces 0-0 1 0 live 0-0 0 100 7
Total Cheloniidae spp. bones 0-0 5 0 carapace 0-0 6 0 carvings 0 10 0 44 5 Eretmochelys imbricata carapace 0 1 0 0 0 Lepidochelys olivacea skin pieces 0-0 50 0 Emydidae Terrapene coahuila bodies 0-1 1 100 live 0-6 6 100 Testudinidae Geochelone nigra live 0-100 Geochelone radiata live 64 64 100 8 8 100 Malacochersus tornieri live 15 15 100 9 9 100 Pyxis planicauda live 0-6 6 100 Testudo graeca live 45 48 94 1069 10458 99 Testudo hermanni live 6880 688 100 17105 1719 100 Testudo kleinmanni live 7 7 100 10 14 71 Testudo marginata live 4 44 100 10 10 100 AMPHIBIA Microhylidae Dyscophus antongilii bodies 0-0 1 0 live 50 50 100 0 - Hylobates concolor live 0-1 1 100 Hylobates gabriellae live 0-1 50 Hylobates lar live 8 8 100 0 - Hylobates leucogenys live 4 4 100 0 - Hylobates moloch live 1 1 100 1 1 100 Hylobates pileatus live 1 1 100 100 Hylobates syndactylus live 7 7 100 100 ACTINOPTERYGII Osteoglossidae Scleropages formosus live 0-54 54 100 INSECTA Papilionidae Papilio hospiton bodies 0 0 0 - Parnassius apollo bodies 0 5 0 0-8