CHAPTER HAND TOOLS HAND TOOLS SAFETY Lesson - 4 pages Hand Tools
Learning Objectives HAND TOOLS SAFETY After completing this station, participants should be able to: 1. Identify an unsafe tool. 2. Understand the dangers of a given tool. 3. Properly use a given tool. 4. Identify the right tool for the job. Safety Requirements 1. Tools used in demonstration/activity should be tested for proper working condition before the participants arrive at the camp. 2. If the participants are allowed to handle any power tools, the power tools should not be plugged in and all safety devices in place. 3. If power tools are used as part of a demonstration, make sure there is a barrier 20 feet (6.1 m) between the participant and the power tools for the younger audience. 4. If power tools are used by the presenters and/or participants, safety goggles, gloves, etc. must be worn at all times. 5. If using a tool that runs off of electricity, extra caution should be taken. The electric tool should be grounded or be double insulated. Stress electrical safety. (See Electrical Safety lesson in the manual.) Age-Appropriateness This lesson is appropriate for participants of all ages. For younger participants (youth 7-11 years old) show and talk about tools that they may use (hammer, screwdriver, wrench, rake, hoe, etc.). Young children should not be using power tools or saws. Older participants can use hand tool if closely supervised. For those participants (youth 12-13 years old) show and talk about tools that they may use (hand tools, drills [battery/electric], saws [hand operated], rakes, hoes, shovels, etc.). For participants ages fourteen and above, include additional tools they may use, such as electric saws, garden tillers, welders, grinders, etc. When discussing damaged tools, include the dangers of dull saw blades. Younger participants are easily distracted and need to be reminded to lay the tool down when their complete concentration is not on working with the tool. Point out that where the extra hand is placed is important with some tools. When your hand is not needed to hold the nail or screw, keep it away from the work area. Stress that the correct size of a tool is dependent on the job, not the user. The depth of content and the discussion needs to be tailored to the level of understanding of the group. Refer to the Teaching Tips and Childhood Growth and Development located in the Teaching Kids section of the manual. Suggested Instructors Local equipment dealers, extension agents, local machine/wood shop owners, 4-H leaders, vocational agricultural instructors, industrial technology instructors, FFA members, or college agricultural students. Equipment & Supplies 1. Tools that are in proper working condition and choose tools that are appropriate for the age group. Hammer Screwdriver Wrenches Chapter Hand Tools Hand Tools Lesson 1 of 3
Pliers Saw Drill Shovel Hoe Rake Nuts Bolts Nails Wood boards Metal stock (predrilled so bolts will fit through) Safety Goggles Gloves 2. Tools that are damaged or broken. Subject Outline The following section contains information that can be molded into your chosen Hands-On activity(ies). I. Introduction/Capture Their Attention A. Introduce yourself and tell about your role working with tools. B. Find out about your audience. Ask questions: What are different tools that you use around your farm, ranch, or home? What kind of injuries can occur from using various hand tools/small equipment? Do any of you know someone who has been injured by tools? What happened? C. Discuss terminology needed to understand the lesson and use the correct name for each tool. D. You may want to start with a personal story or experience or national statistics outlined in the discussion points below. II. Activity/Demonstration A. Find out about your audience. Ask questions: What can we do to protect ourselves? How many of you wear safety goggles and/or gloves when you work with hand tools/ small equipment? Why would you wear safety goggles and/or gloves? B. Show the tools assembled according to age appropriateness. Show the damaged tools and talk about the importance of using tools that are in proper working condition. Talk to the youth about choosing the proper tool for the job and show them the proper way to use the tool. C. Using the blocks of wood and metal stock (with predrilled holes), let the youth practice driving a nail, tightening a bolt, etc. (appropriate for age). Youth can assemble the various metal pieces to make a box, construct a wood stool, or be creative and make whatever they would like. III. Discussion Points A. According to the National Safety Council s 2000 Injury Facts, the number of hospital reported injuries/year for a given tool for all ages was: 1. Saws (hand or powered) accounted for 98,707 injuries. 2. Hammers accounted for 42,427 injuries. 3. Drills accounted for 12,199 injuries. 4. Unpowered garden tools accounted for 23,439 injuries. B. Stress the importance of tools are not toys. Chapter Hand Tools Hand Tools Lesson 2 of 3
C. Stress that if saws can cut wood or metal, they can also cut the operator (you). D. Stress the importance of electrical safety if using an electric appliance/tool. E. If a given piece of equipment is gasoline operated, stress the dangers of working safely around gasoline. F. Discuss proper use of tools using these Examples: 1. Hammers: a. Make sure handle is solid. b. Make sure head is secure. c. Use correct hammer for job. d. Hold securely at end. 2. Wrenches: a. Use proper size and type for job. b. Make sure fit is secure. c. Better to pull rather than push. 3. Manual Saws: a. Use proper saw for job. b. Keep saw sharp. c Do not force saw. d. Pull saw to start cut. 4. Screwdriver: a. Use correct size. b. Do not use to pry. c. Do not use as a chisel. 5. Power Tools: a. Keep all guards & safety devices in good working order and in place. b. Do not wear loose fitting clothing. c. When cutting wood, inspect for knots, nails, or other defects. d. When lifting heavy objects, lift with your legs and not your back. e. Turn off equipment when not in use. f. Wear proper protective gear. G. Make sure equipment is properly grounded, either a three-prong plug or double insulated. Chapter Hand Tools Hand Tools Lesson 3 of 3
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