A High Eta Forward Muon Trigger & Tracking detector for CMS 12th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors (IPRD10) 7-10 June 2010 Siena, Italy
A High Eta Forward Muon Trigger & Tracking detector for CMS Archana Sharma for Duccio Abbaneo, Stephane Bally, Hans Postema, Antonio Conde Garcia, Jean Paul Chatelain, Gerard Faber, Leszek Ropelewski, Serge Duarte Pinto, Marco Villa, Gabriel Croci, Matteo Alfonsi, Miranda Van Stenis, Sunil Kumar, Krishna P, Archana Sharma CERN Geneva Switzerland Stefano Bianco, Stefano Colafranceschi, Luigi Benussi, Franco Fabbri, Davide Piccolo, Giovanna Saviano LNF Frascati, Italy Nicola Turini, Eraldo Oliveri, Guido Magazzu Universita' Degli Studi di Siena INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Italy Andrey Marinov, Michael Tytgat, Nicolas Zaganidis Gent University, Gent, Belgium Marcus Hohlmann and Kondo Gnanve Dept. of Physics and Space Sciences Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL 32901 USA Yong Ban, Haiyun Teng, Jingxin Cai Peking University Beijing China Archana.Sharma@cern.ch 12th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors (IPRD10) 7-10 June 2010 Siena, Italy
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Initial RE system tailored to budget Reduced RE system h < 1.6 h 2.4 h=2.4 STAGED RE RE RE RE RE RE RE RE RE RE RE RE 1/1 1/2 1/3 2/1 2/2 2/3 3/1 3/2 3/3 4/1 4/2 4/3 No. of chambers 36*2 36*2 36*2 18*2 36*2 36*2 18*2 36*2 36*2 18*2 36*2 36*2 Siena June 2010 4
Estimated Particle rates in Forward CMS RPC Region Rates Hz/cm 2 LHC (10 34 cm 2 /s) High Luminosity LHC 2.3 x LHC RB 30 Few 100 khz (tbc) RE 1, 2, 3,4 h < 1.6 Expected Charge in 10 years RE 1,2,3,4 h > 1.6 Total Expected Charge in 10 years 30 Few 100 khz (tbc) 0.05 C/cm 2 0.15 C/cm 2 ~ C/cm 2 (10 35 cm 2 /s) Phase II SLHC?? 500Hz ~ khz Few khz Few 10s khz (0.05-1) C/cm 2 few C/cm 2 Few 10s C/cm 2 5
MPGDs as candidate technology Improve contribution to Muon Trigger Efficiency Combine triggering and tracking functions? Instrument the vacant (RE i/1) zone in CMS Forward 1.6 >h>2.4 6
MPGDs as candidate technology Enhance and optimize the readout (h-f) granularity by improved rate capability Rate capability 10 4 /mm 2 Spatial resolution ~ 100 m ( track < 45 ) Time resolution ~ 1-3 ns (Gas!) Efficiency > 98% Rate capability > 5 khz/cm 2 - Argon CO2 (non flammable mixture - big plus) 7
MPGDs as candidate technology Potential for going to large areas ~ 1m x 2m with industrial processes (cost effective) Long term operation experience in Compass Negligible Discharge probability with no consequence Implemented for LHCb first muon station (4m 2 ) ~ 500 khz/cm 2, operational in COMPASS for 10 years Proposed /in prep for ATLAS Muon upgrade (1000m 2 ) 8
CMS MPGD High Eta Feasibilty Studies - activities since August 2009 1. Assembly and test of two small MPGD prototypes 2. Participated in Beam tests 2009 3. Planned 2010 (with three different chambers) 4. Mock ups of large prototype - Size and envelope limitations - Services and routing: HV, Gas, LV, Cooling - HV Divider - 3D Model / Drawings 4. Production of the prototype 9
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First Results to be studied in detail Siena June 2010 13
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Siena June 2010 Gabriele Croci & Michael Tytgat
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25000 GAIN STUDIES WITH TRIPLE GEM ARGON CO2 CURRENT WITH Cu X-Rays 20000 90-10 80-20 GAIN 15000 10000 5000 0 3000 3100 3200 3300 3400 3500 3600 3700 3800-5000 HV Drift (Volts) Siena June 2010 18
DISCHARGE PROBABILTY DISCHARGE STUDIES WITH TRIPLE GEM ARGON CO2 1.20E-03 1.00E-03 90-10 80-20 8.00E-04 6.00E-04 4.00E-04 2.00E-04 0.00E+00 3680 3700 3720 3740 3760 3780 3800 3820 3840 3860 3880 HV Drift (Volts) Siena June 2010 19
RATE CAPABILITY STUDIES WITH CMS TRIPLE GEM Prototype ARGON CO2 90-10 30000 25000 GAIN 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 2.50E+04 2.50E+05 2.50E+06 RATE PHOTONS/mm 2 Siena June 2010 20
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Siena June 2010 CONSTRUCTION OF LARGE PROTOTYPE
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Velocity field PROBLEMS.. 25 Reducing inlets diameters (1mm) the velocity field is more uniform but slower in the sector 3 and 4
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CMS Prototype GEM - Stack 29
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CMS Prototype GEM - Test Box Jean-Paul Chatelain
Siena June 2010 Ongoing Drift Electrode Tests
Current [na] All I/V scans 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0-10 openair2 openair1 groundedp floatingp. 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 Voltage [V] Siena June 2010
Honeycomb GEM studies without the honeycomb between drift and first gem 34
counts Analysis of GEM spectrum X displacement <adc channel> mm
Moving the GEM (under x rays) along x,y direction with 0,25mm steps
Marco Villa CMS single mask GEM1
TOP Single GEM Electrodes GEM 1 Top Left Bottom - Right GEM 2 GEM 3 Siena June 2010 38 BOTTOM
and cross section pictures (1) TOP Sample 1 Sample 2 Siena June 2010 39 BOTTOM
and cross section pictures (2) TOP Sample 3 Sample 4 Siena June 2010 40 BOTTOM
Drift GEM1 Anode Preparing the experimental setup 3.05 mm 2.15 mm GEM active area: 10 x 10 cm 2 Gas mixture: Ar/CO 2 70/30 Gas flow: ~ 5 l/h Water content: ~ 100 ppm H 2 O Radiation source: Cu X ray tube Siena June 2010 41
ADC counts Taking spectra 400 300 E d = 2 kv/cm 200 E i = 3 kv/cm DV GEM = 480 V 100 Rate ~ 32 Hz/mm 2 0 Energy resolution @ 8.04 kev ~ 19.6 % FWHM/peak 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 ADC channel Siena June 2010 42
Gain Measuring the gain curve 1000 E d = 2 kv/cm E i = 3 kv/cm 100 Rate ~ 180 khz/mm 2 Spark voltage ~ 530 V Max gain ~ 1080 10 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 DV GEM [V] Siena June 2010 43
Large GEM production by single mask method at surface treatment Workshop - CERN Serge FERRY-4/06/2010 1 2 3 Base material 50 µm polyimide foil copperclad Photoresist lamination, masking, exposure, development Chemical etching of copper Top 4 5 6 7 8 Polyimide etching in 2 steps Electrochemical etching of copper Bot + over-etched Polyimide etching to transform hole geometry Photoresist lamination, masking, exposure, development to define electrodes Chemical etching of copper Top and Bot, Cleaning and electrical test -The LGEM are actually in step 4.
42cm x 990 cm Siena June 2010 45
Chambers for June: CMS Triple GEM prototype 10 x 10 cm Honeycomb Triple GEM Single Mask GEM 1. Measure Efficiency for perpendicular tracks 2. Measure Efficiency for inclined tracks with tracking 3. Optimization of time resolution 4. Tests with Front End electronics for mips 5. Space and time resolution October 1. Gas Studies CMS High Eta Upgrade Studies Test Beam Plan 2010 2. Magnetic Field Operation 3. Large Prototype test Siena June 2010 46
STATUS AND OUTLOOK 1. Prototype (standard, honeycomb, single mask) tests in lab, beam - continue 2. Beam tests 2010 continue 3. Detail mechanical design for mock up and proto ~ final 4. Definition of readout, electronics and its mechanical support - ongoing Services and routing HV, Gas, LV, cooling - ongoing 5. Mockup realization of detector Done, some details missing 6. Production of prototype expected to be completed by end of June 7. Tests of prototype 8. Feasibility / simulation studies of integration with CMS trigger and tracking to be done (not yet started) Siena June 2010
SPARE Siena June 2010 48
Readout Electronics VFAT A digital on/off chip, with an adjustable threshold for each of 128 channels. Used in all the Totem detectors, the GEMs and the CSCs to simplify the DAQ and Trigger design Quarter micron CMOS technology and measures 9.43mm by 7.58mm. Trigger function to provide programmable fast OR information based on the region of the sensor hit. This can be used for the creation of a trigger. Tracking function for providing precise spatial hit information for a given triggered event. Siena June 2010 49
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Rate capability Measured with an X-ray (5.9 kev) tube; Ar/CO 2 /CF 4 (60/20/20) Gain of about 2x10 4 ; A very good gain stability was found up to a photon flux of about 5x10 7 Hz/cm 2 CMS high h - maximum rate LHCb meas 52
Triple GEM Ageing test Gain of 2x10 4 Total integrated charge of 13 C/cm 2 is expected in 10 years of operation in LHCb 50 MHz/cm 2 X-rays, in 10 days a total charge of 20 C/cm 2 was integrated; Less than 5% change in the chamber behavior CMS high h - maximum integrated charge LHCb 53