Technical Textiles A future branch of textile industry Dr. Holger Erth Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.v. Chemnitz This document has been produced with the financial support of the European Community s BSP2 programme. The views expressed herein are those of STFI and can therefore in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Commission 1. Introduction 2. Mobiltech 3. Multiaxial fabrics 4. Geotech and Buildtech 5. Functional textiles 6. Protective clothing 7. Comparison / Summary / Outlook Contents
1. Introduction Indutech Mobiltech Protech Technical Textiles Hometech Clothtech Sporttech Medtech Buildtech Geotech Agrotech Oekotech Packtech Global production of technical textiles (1000 tons) 14000 12000 10000 1000 Tonnen 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 Jahr 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Perspective development of technical textiles The European textile industry is an industrial branch favoured within the Lead market especially in the areas of Technical textiles for the automotive industry Technical textiles in environment Functional clothing A long term dominant global market position can be built up and maintained above all in the sector of technical textiles. Source: Lead Market Center for European Economic Research Report of July 2002 Production of nonwovens in Europe (1000 tons) Source: EDANA statistics
Worldwide consumption of technical textiles and nonwovens 1000 tons Region 1995 2000 2005 2010 North and South America 4327 5078 5811 6857 Europe 3417 4096 4665 5448 Asia 5708 6961 8482 10602 Other 472 556 623 724 Total 13924 16691 19581 23631 Source: World Market Forecast to 2010 / David Rigby 2002 Estimated growth rates of end-use consumption Application areas Geotech Buildtech Medtech Indutech Protech Agrotech Packtech Sporttech Mobiltech Clothtech Hometech Total 2000 2005 % per year 4,6 4,3 4,6 3,5 3,3 3,2 3,2 3,1 2,7 2,7 2,7 3,3 2005 2010 % per year 5,3 5,0 4,3 4,4 4,0 3,9 3,8 3,7 3,4 3,2 2,7 3,8
2. Mobiltech Share of textile materials in cars (forecast) Textiles used in cars [kg] Carpets, coverings Upholstery 4,5 2,2 4,5 Belts, hoses Tyres Safety belts 1,2 0,9 1,5 1,6 3,5 Airbags Textiles in composites Others (e.g. filters) Source: David Rigby and others Upholstery materials including sub-upholstery textiles
Textiles in Cars 1 2 3 4 5 6 17 7 8 9 16 10 15 11 14 12 13 1 Door lining 2 Sun blind 3 Headliners 4 Roof rail lining 5 Hatrack 6 Boot liner 7 Filter (air, fuel, oil) 8 Engine compartment (heat and noise control) 9 Instrument panel 10 Seats (cover, upholstery) 11 Carpets, upholstery 12 Wheel box covering 13 Side panel lining 14 Wheel cord 15 Safety belts 16 Airbags 17 Cable covering, cable harness Mrd. USD 1,20 1,15 1,10 1,05 1,00 0,95 0,90 Turnover in Technical Textiles for Automotive Application in Europe 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 year Source: Frost & Sullivan
Caliweb - Fields of application 1 1 Multiknit nonwoven 2 Composite of Multiknit and cover fabric 2 Unfilled 3D-nonwovens or filled products for composites Source: STFI two pre-needled nonwovens are necessary solid, fluid or pulverulent components are useable for filling
Caliweb - Fields of application Cross-section of Caliweb with cover fabric Cross-section: Bending behaviour of Caliweb Source: Renault Malivlies cover fabrics for hat racks e.g. in Renault and Fiat cars
Samples of warp-knitted spacer fabrics HighDistance - Products
Application in cars 3. Multiaxial fabrics Application areas
Examples Multiaxial
Worldwide Market of Glassfibre Reinforced Materials by Geographical Area 33% 2% Europe 32% Asia 3% 30% South America North America Other Source: JEC composites Apr 03 Worldwide Market of Glassfibre Reinforced Material by Application 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Transportation Building & Construction Infrastructure Industrial Equipment Consumer Goods Aerospace & Defence Electronic Equipment Others Marine Source: JEC composites Apr 03
Installing wind power stations at sea 12000 10000 8000 6000 Installed capacity of windpower generators in Megawatts Start 2002 Start 2003 4000 2000 0 Germany Spain Denmark Italy UK Netherlands Sweden Greece USA Canada India China Japan Egypt S.Korea Taiwan Mexico Russia Source: www.windpower-monthly.com
12000 Carbon Fiber Business for Reinforced Composites tons 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 Aero Leisure Industrial 0 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 year Source: Toho Innovative double face warp-knitted multiaxial structure Semi-finished product for fibre-reinforced plastics Mesh structure Einzelheit Structure Application for profiles
Compound needle bar and closing wire bar made of carbon fibre-reinforced plastics Working width: 5.1 m 4. Geotech and Buildtech Thin-wall floor board in ribbed design Textile-reinforced concrete INSTITUT FÜR TRAGWERKE UND BAUSTOFFE
General functions of geotextiles Reinforcement Surface erosion control Barrier function Protection Separation Filtration Drainage Source: www.geokunststoffe.com Geotech End use consumption by product type 1985-2005 - Textile Value $ million 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Fabrics 220 332 431 564 738 Nonwovens 248 502 739 1293 1918 Source: David Rigby Associates
Irrigation mats Production at a modified stitch-bonding machine Reference object Water purification and biotope formation
Innovative textile wick drains Drainage and stabilization of deposits/landfills Advantage in application by combining drainage and stabilization functions Mathogro GmbH Reinforcement of embankments Absorbent geogrid REPOTEX N-V
Combined functions of geotextiles Warp knitted geogrid Nonwoven Reinforcement Protection Surface-erosion control Separation Barrier function Filtration Source:www.geokunststoffe.com RS MSUS -V Composite of nonwoven and geogrid structure Structure of RS 3 MSUS-V Nonwoven Composite
Facade greening Patented design No. 203 18 883.7
Knotless safety nets Source: Fa. Huck Testing stand for saftey and transport nets (up to 200 kn) Testing of air cargo safety nets
Examples for advertising posters Parameters influencing the future development of funktional textiles Increasing importance of the health market due to higher life expectancy Revolutionary changes in medical technology Development of micro system technology and microelectronics Nanotechnology Polymer electronics 5. Functional textiles
Functional textiles communication textiles medical textiles protective textiles against heat and cold geotextiles and building textiles lighting textiles protective textiles against electrical and magnetic risks organic functional materials polymer electronics Communication textiles Intelligent labels Market Jacket with digital MP3-Player Sensors in special clothing Locating and emergency systems integrated in clothing Player and mobile phone integrated in clothing Light-weight screen at clothing Infineon Technologies AG, Corporate Research (D), Innovation Award 2002 Source: Messe Frankfurt GmbH /Jean-Luc Valentin
Medical textiles Market LifeShirt system Healthcare clothing Odour decreasing/antibacterial finish Micro fibre fabrics against neurodermatitis Textiles coated with silver Integration of substances/controlled sustained release Vivometrics, Inc. (USA), Innovation Award 2002 Quelle: Messe Frankfurt GmbH Jean-Luc Valentin Protective textiles against heat and cold Market Phase Change Materials (PCM) Shape-memory effects Coating using ceramics Multi-layered clothing
Protective textiles against heat and cold Ceramic thin-layer at textile fabric Electron microscope image of PCM capsules (ski suit) Source:Schoeffel Source: Max-Planck-Institute Geotextiles and building textiles Integration of sensors based on optical fibres Sensors measuring the moisture content of embankments Market
Geotextiles and building textiles Integration of optical fibres or sensors to monitor the functionality of constructions Lighting textiles Lighting elements/lighting filaments in textiles Electroluminescence Market
Lighting textiles Application of optical fibres in lighting nets ausgezeichnet mit dem Innovationspreis der TECHTEXTIL 2003 Application of optical fibres in lighting nets Stage lighting Lighting sails Decorative partitions Lighting in saunas and swimming pools Outdoor lighting in parks and fountains Lighting of advertising media ausgezeichnet mit dem Innovationspreis der TECHTEXTIL 2003
Protection against electrical and magnetic risks Market complex protective functions in technical applications shielding textiles for household and clothing Organic functional materials Polymer electronics Market Self-sufficient energy supply via temperature difference skin/clothing mechanical human movements 6. Protective clothing Protective clothing against cold (ENV 342) Protective clothing against rain (EN 343) Protective clothing against cool environments (pren 14058) Chemical protective clothing; Type 3, 4, 5, 6 (EN 465, EN 466, EN 467, pren 13034 and others) Protective clothing for fire fighters (EN 469, EN 1486, ISO 11613) Protective clothing for use in welding and allied processes (EN 470-1) High visibility warning clothing (EN 471) Protective clothing for rescue service personnel (GUV-R 2106) Protective clothing against thermal risks of an electrical arc (ENV 50354) Protective clothing for use where there is a risk of entanglement with moving parts (EN 510) Protective clothing for workers exposed to heat (EN 531) Protective clothing Antistatic properties (EN 1149 series) Protective gloves against mechanical and thermal risks (EN 388, EN 407) Protective gloves against chemicals and micro-organisms (EN 374) Protective gloves for fire fighters (EN 659) Protective gloves for welders (EN 12477)
Research project Intelligent protective clothing for fire-fighters GPS Com-Net Sensornetzwerk Communication Funk Puls Gassensoren Atmung Vita-Net Sensornetzwerk Vitalfunktionen Risk-Net Sensornetzwerk Risikofaktoren EMV sensoren Körpertemperatur Thermosensoren Kommunikation zwischen Leitstelle und mobiler Einsatzzentrale Testing of protective textiles at STFI Accreditation according to DIN EN 45001 Testing of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) following the Council Directive 89/686/EEC Test instrument ICM-1 for the evaluation of the electrostatic dissipative behaviour of textiles
Testing of protective textiles at STFI Testing and certification of protective clothing against electrical arcs according to ENV 50354: 2001-03, with additional calorimetric heat flux measurement 7. Comparison / Summary / Outlook Funtional textiles A high market potential exists for the above mentioned application areas. The share of electronics integrated in clothing should be 10 to 20 % maximum of price to avoid sales losses. The outlook for functional clothing especially concerning the integration of electronics depends to a great extent on consumer behaviour and consumer protection studies. Fashion, hygiene and health care will grow together in future. The functionalisation textile surfaces and of clothing, protective textiles and technical textiles is a chance for structural changes in textile and clothing industries.
Growth market Potential for diversification of the textile and clothing industries Existing product groups Yarns for hometextiles and clothing Narrow fabrics Belts Knitwear Clothing Technologies Spinning Twisting Texturing Narrow fabric weaving Knitting Making up Fields of diversification Textiles for medical rehabilitation Sports textiles Protective clothing Conveyor belts Packaging materials Technical belts Car interior Filters Reinforcements Protective clothing Operating textiles Sportswear Partner branches Chemical industry Light weight construction Drive engineering Materials handling Light weight construction Synthetic materials Chemical industry Potential for diversification of the textile and clothing industries Existing product groups Technologies Fields of diversification Partner branches Ornamental trimmings Braiding Tubular weaving Rope making Filters Implants Insulating materials Medical technology Automotive suppliers Process engineering Plauen laces (table linen, curtains) Embroidering Composites Implants Protective clothing Synthetic materials Medical technology Fabrics for clothing and habitation (furniture, decoration, bed linen Weaving Finishing Car interior Protective clothing Warning clothing Operating textiles Synthetic materials Chemical industry
Leipzig Pilot region for Europe Dresden Production of technical textiles in Saxony as an important centre of the textile and clothing industries in Germany Chemnitz Gesamt: 244 Unternehmen Application areas Technical textiles in Saxony Mobiltech Indutech Protech Clothtech/Hometech Medtech Packtech Buildtech Sporttech Geotech Agrotech Oekotech Total Number of companies 40 33 32 43 22 17 16 12 11 10 8 244 Number of products 59 59 62 59 44 25 39 27 20 16 10 411
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