PROGRAM OF STUDY ENGR.ROB Standard 1 Essential UNDERSTAND THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING AND DRAWING IN DESIGN The student will understand and implement the use of hand sketches and computer-aided drawing in the design process. ROB1.1 a,b,c Hand sketches are an important part of brainstorming. Parts can be virtually assembled using 3D computer-aided drawing software. Computer-aided drawing programs can help account for assembly tolerances. ROB1.1 d,e,f Computer-aided drawing software should be used to produce working drawings. Working drawings can help facilitate communication between invested parties. Working drawings act as blueprints for the production of the design. Benchmark 1.a Essential Investigate and Understand Basic Sketching The student will investigate and understand hand sketching in the design of a robot. Indicator 1.a.1 Essential Demonstrate basic hand sketching Hand sketch multiple solutions to a given robotics design problem. Benchmark 1.b Essential Investigate and Understand the Use of 2D CAD Tools The student will investigate and understand the use of 2D CAD Programs such as AutoCAD. Indicator 1.b.1 Essential Implement basic 2D CAD drawing tools Implement basic 2D CAD drawing tools such as line, spline, arc, polygon, circle, and ellipse. Indicator 1.b.2 Essential Implement basic 2D CAD modify tools Implement basic 2D CAD modify tools such as trim, extend, mirror, scale, rotate, move, and array. Standard 2 Essential IMPLEMENT THE USE OF CAD TO CONTROL CNC MACHINERY The student will use Computer-Aided Drawing software to create drawings to be sent to CNC Machines for creation.
ROB1.2 a,b,c CAD drawings can be processed to create code to run CNC machinery. CNC Machines can help reduce error in the creation process. CNC Machines have limitations which must be taken into account when designing. ROB1.2d,e 2D drawings are required to run a laser cutter. 3D drawings are required to run a 3D printer. Benchmark 2.a Essential Utilize 2D CAD design with the laser cutter The student will utilize 2D CAD drawings to produce data to control to the laser cutter. Indicator 2.a.1 Essential Demonstrate 2D drawing with AutoCAD Students will create a panelized design within AutoCAD. Indicator 2.a.2 Investigate and Understand basic laser cutter operation Students will properly setup laser cutter for supplied material and process the drawing to correctly create their designs. Indicator 2.a.3 Assemble cut parts to produce 3D object. Students will assemble their laser cut parts into their originally defined object. Benchmark 2.b Essential Utilize 3D CAD design with the 3D printer The student will utilize 3D CAD drawings to produce data to control the 3D printer. Indicator 2.b.1 Essential Demonstrate 3D drawing with Inventor Students will create several 3D parts that make up a larger assembly. Indicator 2.b.2 Essential Investigate and Understand basic 3D printer operation Students will properly setup 3D printer including processing the drawing to produce gcode and specifying the correct settings for the type of part to be printed. Indicator 2.b.3 Essential Assemble 3D printed parts into larger assembly. Students will assemble 3D printed parts into their larger assembly with parts fitting within tolerances.
Standard 3 Essential UNDERSTAND AND IMPLEMENT THE USE OF MICROCONTROLLERS The student will understand and implement the use of microcontrollers for robot control. ROB1.3 a,b,c Programmable microcontrollers use software to control circuitry. Microcontrollers communicate with other devices through a variety of serial communication prototcols. Microcontrollers can be used to control and interface with a variety of devices. Benchmark 3.a Essential Investigate the Understand the software IDE The student will investigate and understand the integrated development environment used to program the microcontroller. Indicator 3.a.1 Essential Demonstrate proper IDE setting configuration Students will properly setup the IDE for the correct microcontroller being used. Indicator 3.a.2 Investigate and Implement the microcontroller API Students will investigate and implement the Application Programming Interface in order to write code for the microcontroller. Indicator 3.a.3 Demonstrate software uploading procedure Students will successfully upload their written code to the microcontroller. Standard 4 Essential Investigate and Understand Digital Inputs and Outputs The student will investigate and understand the use of digital inputs and outputs as related to the microcontroller. ROB1.4 a,b,c Digital indicates only two possible states. Digital outputs are essentially switches controlled by software. Digital inputs can be utilized by buttons and other simple sensors. Benchmark 4.a Essential Implement digital inputs and outputs within the software and hardware Indicator 4.a.1 Essential Investigate and implement how to properly set the direction of a GPIO pin
The student will investigate and correctly implement the setting of the direction of a General Purpose Input Output pin in the microcontroller IDE. Indicator 4.a.2 Essential Demonstrate control of a digital output pin through the API. Students will use the microcontroller to turn on and off a digital device such as an LED. Indicator 4.a.3 Demonstrate data input from a digital input pin. Students will demonstrate the use of a microcontroller to read the state of a digital input pin. Standard 5 Essential INVESTIGATE AND UNDERSTAND ANALOG INPUTS AND OUTPUTS The student will investigate and understand the use of analog inputs and outputs as related to the microcontroller. ROB1.5 a,b,c,d Analog indicates a range of possible values. Analog ouputs can control devices to any varying degree of on or off using PWM. Analog inputs can read a range of sensor values by comparing the voltage of the pin in relation to a reference voltage; usually 5V or 3.3V. Many analog sensors are variable resistors. Benchmark 5.a Essential Implement analog inputs and outputs within the software and hardware Indicator 5.a.1 Essential Investigate and implement how to mimic analog output in a digital system using PWM The student will investigate and correctly implement pulse width modulation through the use of libraries and manual coding to control devices. Indicator 5.a.2 Demonstrate data input from an analog input pin. Students will demonstrate the use of a microcontroller to read the state of an analog input pin and control an output in relation to the data. Standard 6 Essential INVESTIGATE AND UNDERSTAND BRUSHED DC MOTORS AND THEIR CONTROL The student will investigate and understand the use of brushed DC motors through the use of h-bridge circuitry. ROB1.6 a,b,c
Brushed DC motors use magnetic fields to produce rotation. Polarity must be switched to change the direction of rotation. DC motors have characteristic curves relating to speed, torque, and power.. Benchmark 6.a Essential Control the direction and speed of a DC motor using an H-bridge Indicator 6.a.1 Essential Investigate and Implement an H-bridge IC The student will investigate and correctly implement the use of an h-bridge IC such as the L293 in order to control the direction of rotation of a DC motor. Indicator 6.a.2 Implement speed control of a DC motor Students will implement speed control of a DC motor through the use of PWM signals being outputted from the microcontroller. Benchmark 6.b Essential Investigate standard DC motor curves Indicator 6.b.1 Essential Investigate Speed v Torque curve Students will investigate how speed is related to torque in the use of a brushless DC motor. Indicator 6.b.2 Essential Investigate Torque v Power curve Students will investigate how torque is related to power draw in the use of a brushless motor. Standard 7 Essential INVESTIGATE AND UNDERSTAND HOBBY SERVO MOTORS AND THEIR CONTROL The student will investigate and understand the use of hobby RC servos and how they are controlled. ROB1.7a,b,c Servos are essentially geared DC motors with control circuitry Servos are controlled with PWM signals. Servo wiring only consists of three connections. ROB 1.7 d,e Standard remote controls send Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) signals. Each PPM signal contains positional data for n servos provided by the n channels of the controller. Benchmark 7.a Essential Understand the inner workings of a servo motor Indicator 7.a.1 Essential
Investigate a broken down servo. The student will investigate the insides of a servo to better understand its function. Indicator 7.a.2 Implement proper wiring of a servo motor Students will implement proper wiring of a servo motors three required connections: +V, GND, and Signal. Standard 8 Essential INVESTIGATE ROBOTIC APPENDAGES The student will investigate and understand proper design of basic robotic appendages. ROB1.8a,b,c Degrees of freedom describe the different ways an object can move. The human arm has 7 degrees of freedom. Each joint can consist of roll, pitch, and yaw. ROB 1.8 d,e,f Required torque must be calculated for each joint. Each segment can be thought of as a lever. Torque can be loosely calculated using Force x Distance. Benchmark 8.a Essential Understand Degrees of Freedom Indicator 8.a.1 Essential Investigate Roll, Pitch, Yaw The student will investigate the three types of possible movement. Indicator 8.a.2 Investigate the degrees of freedom in a human arm. Students will investigate how each joint in a human arm may contain roll, pitch, and yaw. Indicator 8.a.3 Investigate degrees of freedom in other designs. Students will investigate the number of DoF in other organisms/mechanisms. Benchmark 8.b Essential Understand robotic appendage design Indicator 8.b.1 Essential Investigate and Understand torque calculations at a specific joint The student will investigate how to calculate the required torque needed to move an appendage. Indicator 8.b.2 Investigate how appendages may change center of gravity Students will investigate how appendages change center of gravity by building a simple robotic arm.
Standard 9 Essential INVESTIGATE GEARS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH SPEED AND TORQUE The student will investigate how gears affect speed and torque and their inverse relationship. ROB1.9a,b,c,d,e Speed is calculated by counting rotations per minute. Torque is a measure of how much a force acting on an object causes that object to rotate. Speed and torque are inversely related. Gears change speed and torque by changing rotational speed. Gear ratios can be calculated by comparing the diameters of the gears. ROB 1.9f,g,h Spur gears are the most common type of gear. Idler gears do not affect overall gear ratio. Compound gear ratios allow for greater reduction in a smaller space. Benchmark 9.a Essential Utilize gear ratios to change speed and torque Indicator 9.a.1 Essential Investigate Gears and how they change speed The student will build a simple gear ratio to change the rotational speed of an output shaft. Indicator 9.a.2 Investigate gears and how they change torque Students will build a simple gear ratio to change the amount of torque generated. Indicator 9.a.3 Investigate speed and torque relationships Students will investigate the relationship between speed and torque through data collection and graphing. Benchmark 9.b Essential Understand different types of gear configurations Indicator 9.b.1 Essential Investigate gear ratio calculations The student will calculate gear ratios using the number of teeth on a gear as an indicator of diameter. Indicator 9.b.2 Investigate compound gear ratios Students will build a compound gear train and learn to calculate the gear ratio.