** Some things have been changed in order to fit formatting needs. Iroquois Had rules for working together because there was fighting between tribes. They created a constitution out of beads. The beads were made into symbols and shapes that stood for different things. They had a council, a group of people who made decisions, of about 50 chiefs. There were five tribes that made up the Iroquois, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, and Mohawk. They all spoke a different dialect of the Iroquois language. They lived in what is called a Long house. It could hold all of the family members. Sometimes 15 to 20 families could live in one longhouse. They could come in many sizes; they had a fire place to keep the families warm and a hole in the roof for the smoke to escape. A longhouse was made from wood poles and tree bark.
Their traditional buckskin clothing was too hot for Florida weather so they traded for cloth with the Spanish. Their clothing was some of the most unique clothing of all the Native Americans. They used patches of cloth strips sewn together in alternating patterns. They also wore beads; sometimes women wore as many as 12 pounds of beads on their dresses. Seminole They played a game called stickball which was adopted and its name was change to Lacrosse by the settlers. They wore their hair in a topknot or board hair. They started in Alabama and Georgia. They were forced to move to Florida after many wars with the U.S government. The Chickee was built on a platform a few feet above the ground to protect it against flooding. It was open with no walls to allow cool air to blow through. The roof was made of leaves from the trees close by.
There are many different Pueblos and each has its own name. Hopi are also Pueblo people, but they are culturally more distinct from the others, have a separate government, and are usually considered as a different tribe. Pueblo Houses were made of adobe. Adobe is clay, straw, sand, and water. They lived in permanent villages They were farmers who planted corn, beans, squash, sunflower seeds, and cotton. They got meat by trading, like the buffalo that came from the Comanche. They created an irrigation system for their crops. They were famous for their silver and turquoise jewelry. They wore their hair in chongo and squashblossom whorls
Cheyenne Migrated to Nebraska, Iowa, Colorado, and Kansas. Men wore headdresses with tall feathers for war bonnets. Women wore dresses made from deer hides decorated with porcupine quills and beads. Wigwams before they moved to the plains, then they used tepees. Like most plains tribes, the horse changed their way of life. They could hunt and travel faster now. They had a military society, some men joined like a modern day army. They protected their tribe. Women could join the quiller s society, if asked. They made the fanciest clothing. It was a real honor.
Sacagawea Translation Chart Lewis and Clark spoke to Labiche Labiche in French to Charbonneau Charbonneau in Shoshone to Sacagawea Sacagawea to other Native Americans
Inuit Iglu means any kind of home Igloo: Building materials were scarce during the winter months so they used snow to make their homes Since it is so cold, they tend to dress in furs of animals that they hunted. The Inuit women turned animal skins into shirts, pants, shoes, and boots. Everything had to be perfect, one flaw could lead to frostbite which could lead to death when out hunting. Caribou made the best clothing.
Comanche They live on the southern plains. This stretched from Wyoming all the way to Texas. Other states included are: Kansas, Colorado, Oklahoma, and New Mexico. They traveled on horseback and used poles from their tepees to build travois. This was a sled used to carry their belongings. It was pulled by the dog before the Comanche had horses. They took pride in their horses and traded them for many things. They would take horses from settlers or other tribes. They also took food, guns, and cattle. All this raiding led to many wars involving the Comanche. The Comanche are known as the greatest horse traders in the history of America. The Comanche were hunters and warriors. In a young boy s life they learned how to fight, hunt, and ride horses by the time they were five or six. The women cooked, skinned animals, raised the children, and set up camps.
Sioux Their homelands were in Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Nebraska, they moved more towards some of Montana and the Dakotas after many years of fighting with the Ojibwa (the Great Plains) There weren't horses in the Americas until Christopher Columbus came. The Native Americans traded for horses with the Spanish. Horses made it easier for the Sioux to follow bison herds.
Sitting Bull Tatanka- Iyotanka
Crazy Horse
Navajo The Navajo is the largest Native tribe Their homeland was in in the United States. Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico. They called themselves the Dine and their land the Dinetah. Pueblo taught them how to weave baskets, Navajo means farmer in Pueblo. blankets, and rugs. They raised sheep and goats for meat and wool. They lived in hogans made out of logs covered in mud. Many had two hogans; one for the winter months and one for the summer months.
Navajo Code Talkers They made a secret code to talk with the U.S Army during World War I and II. They used this code to keep the enemies from knowing what their plans were. With their help, the United States was able to win both wars.