A Novel 5 Step Septum Feed Suite

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A Novel 5 Step Septum Feed Suite Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 SM6FHZ and SM6PGP Updated Post Conference Edition

Outline Prerequisite Features Design criteria / considerations Wave Guides Septum Kumar choke, size, position etc Probes Performance overview 23 cm 0.71 L W/G feed performance Mechanical dimensions (for each feed) Detailed information (for each feed) 23 cm 0.795 L W/G feed performance 9 cm 0.748 L W/G feed performance 6 cm 0.749 L W/G feed performance 3 cm 0.692 L W/G feed performance 3 cm 0.795 L W/G feed performance Realization On the air experience Lessons Learned Conclusions Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 2

Prerequisite I was in need for a new 23 cm feed to retrofit my 30 year old, ill built and corroded W2IMU feed. Then a need for feeds for the higher bands arose. What to do about that? Several existing 23 cm designs were available. I felt the performance had a potential to be improved with proper optimization using contemporary EM-simulation S/W Focus was put on f/d 0.32 to 0.42 (my 5.5 m dish is 0.37 f/d) N2UO adaptation of the W2IMU Dual Mode feed satisfies the need in the area of f/d s from ~0.42 to ~0.55 The existing feeds for higher bands are mostly scaled versions of 23 cm feeds. I saw a opening for feeds specifically designed and optimized for the specific band to get the best possible performance I have learnt a lot about septums, chokes and wave guides along the way and have had a lot of fun and been frustrated as well at times Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 3

Features Two 23 cm 5 step septum feeds for different f/d ranges 9, 6 and 3 cm feeds from standard metric plumbing copper or brass tubes Unprecedented top notch performance Focus on easy manufacturing and low tolerance sensitivity Suitable for f/d s ranging from 0.32 to 0.42 plus ~0.5 f/d for the 3 cm Dual Mode Feed The three 3 cm feeds cover both 10368 and 10450 MHz All comprising a Kumar choke or Dual Mode structure depending on the f/d the feed is aiming for Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 4

Design criteria We strive for Optimum amplitude feed pattern Flat phase response across the full dish surface (small phase errors) Low axial ratio across the full dish surface (low cross polarization) We can not get all of this optimized at the same time, so we have to look for the best compromise. The W1GHZ feed efficiency evaluation S/W Phase_CP has been used for this evaluation. This means that these results can be compared to the results of other feeds evaluated using the same S/W. Phase_CP is the latest version of Pauls evaluation S/W and takes Cross Polar Radiation as well as radiation in the diagonal cuts into consideration for the performance calculation. The earlier version did not do that. This gives a more correct picture of the performance of each feed. Phase_CP can be used for both circularly and linearly polarized feeds with great success Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 5

Wave Guide modes The lowest mode that propagate in a circular WG is called TE11. E-field H-field Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 6

Wave Guide size and λg (10368 MHz)/ λc for TE11 1% change in WG diameter => 3% change in λg Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 7

Septum considerations The septum shall generate a circularly polarized wave in a way that it contains only one polarization direction in each port. This ensures that we have Good Axial Ratio Low Cross Polar Radiation It shall also ensure good isolation between the two ports, Tx and Rx It shall do this over a reasonable band width In these designs this is accomplished by using a 5 step septum plate Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 8

E-field variation over a full cycle Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 9

Feed without choke No beam shaping in Co-pol High Cross-pol level in 180 deg Mediocre efficiency High noise temperature SM6FHZ 10.00-0.00-10.00-20.00-30.00-40.00 Y1 ANSOFT FF Pattern Phi=0 deg SM6FHZ_23_Septum_134_no_choke m1 Name X Y m1 0.0000 7.6394 m2-68.0000-0.9342 m3 68.0000-0.8853 m2 m3 m4-82.0000-3.3133 m5 82.0000-3.2080 m4 m5 Curve Info db(dirrhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz'... db(dirlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_... Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 SM6FHZ 23 cm septum feed w/o choke RHCP Total Dish diameter = 23.8 λ Feed diameter = 1 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db -50.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 10 W1GHZ 1998, 2010

Why a Kumar choke? The Kumar choke is a efficient yet simple way of shaping the radiation pattern of the feed. It was first described by Dr. A. Kumar [ Reduce Cross-Polarization In Reflector-Type Antennas, Microwaves, March 1978 ] and has been used by VE4MA in his feed designs. It has some limitations and interactions with the other parts of the feed. The Axial Ratio at angular offsets from bore sight is controlled by the choke The Return Loss and Isolation is not affected by the choke The radiation pattern can be controlled by the position and the size of the choke Less elaborate than the Scalar choke but comparable or superior performance It can be optimized using EM-simulation SW. Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 11

Septum - choke interaction 4.00 Axial ratio optimization -90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] The septum sets the Axial Ratio at bore site and the choke governs the performance at angular off-sets from bore sight The choke does not change the axial ratio at bore sight very much A well functioning septum is essential for getting a decent axial ratio also off bore sight 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 12

Choke impact on radiating pattern There is a contradiction between the wanted amplitude pattern and the phase error with respect to illumination angle By adjusting the choke position and dimensions you can find the best compromise Moving the choke with respect to the W/G mouth does not directly scale the feed pattern for other f/d s. There is a price to pay. The best way to strive for optimal performance at other f/d s is to change the dimension of the W/G mouth There are limitations on how much you can change the dimension of the W/G and maintaining the same W/G propagation mode W2IMU uses this in his Dual Mode Feed going to a higher mode as well as the first mode in the outer WGsection in an controlled way Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 13

ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT FF Pattern quick comparison Choke position relative WG-mouth 0L -0.05L -0.1L SM6FHZ 12.50 Name X Y m1 0.0000 10.3940 m2-68.0000-2.2842 m3 68.0000-1.9784 m4-82.0000-7.6717 m5 82.0000-7.5298 FF Pattern Phi=0 deg m1 VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_flush SM6FHZ 10.00-0.00 Name X Y m1 0.0000 6.1216 m2-68.0000-0.6794 m3 68.0000-0.8165 m4-82.0000-6.1889 m5 82.0000-6.2581 m2 FF Pattern Phi=0 deg m1 m3 VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_05 SM6FHZ 10.00-0.00 Name X Y m1 0.0000 2.0227 m2-68.0000-0.2910 m3 68.0000-0.1526 m4-82.0000-5.4300 m5 82.0000-5.3609 m2 FF Pattern Phi=0 deg m1 m3 VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_10 0.00 m2 m3 m4 m5 m4 m5-10.00-10.00 m4 m5 Y1-12.50 Y1-20.00 Y1-20.00-30.00-30.00-25.00-37.50 SM6FHZ 10.00-0.00 Curve Info db(dirrhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... db(dirlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... -200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] -0.15L FF Pattern Phi=0 deg VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_3 Name X Y m1 0.0000 1.7894 m2-68.0000-0.0838 m3 68.0000 0.0025 m1 m4-82.0000-4.6043 m2 m3 m5 82.0000-4.7944 m4 m5 Curve Info -40.00 db(dirrhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... db(dirlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... -50.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] -0.18L SM6FHZ FF Pattern Phi=0 deg VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_18 10.00 Name X Y m1 0.0000 3.4122 m2-68.0000 0.0698 m3 68.0000-0.2388 m1 m4-82.0000-4.3216 m5 82.0000-4.1282 m2 m3 0.00 m4 m5-40.00 Curve Info db(dirrhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... db(dirlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... -50.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] -0.2L SM6FHZ FF Pattern Phi=0 deg VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_20 10.00 Name X Y m1 m1 0.0000 4.6926 m2-68.0000 0.1335 m2 m3 m3 68.0000-0.3091 0.00 m4-82.0000-4.1734 m4 m5 82.0000-4.3113 m5-10.00-10.00-10.00-20.00 Y1-20.00 Y1 Y1-20.00-30.00-30.00-40.00-40.00 Curve Info db(dirrhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... db(dirlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... -50.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] -30.00 Curve Inf o db(dirrhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... db(dirlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... -40.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] -50.00 Curve Info db(dirrhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... db(dirlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... -60.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] -0.25L -0.3L SM6FHZ 10.00 FF Pattern Phi=0 deg VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_25 SM6FHZ 10.00 FF Pattern Phi=0 deg m1 VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_30 m1 Name X Y m1 0.0000 7.1046 Name X Y m2-68.0000-0.3564 m1 0.0000 8.6614 0.00 m3 68.0000-0.1684 m4-82.0000-3.7806 m5 82.0000-3.9911 m2 m3-0.00 m2-68.0000-1.0586 m3 68.0000-0.2887 m4-82.0000-3.4487 m5 82.0000-3.6794 m4 m2 m3 m5 m4 m5-10.00-10.00 Y1 Y1-20.00-20.00-30.00-30.00-40.00 Curve Info db(dirrhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... db(dirlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... Theta [deg] -200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Curve Info -40.00 db(dirrhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... db(dirlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... -50.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 14

ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT FF Phase error quick comparison Choke position relative WG-mouth SM6FHZ -100.00 0L FF Phase Phi=0 deg VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_flush SM6FHZ -50.00 Name X Y m1 0.0000-182.4185 m2-70.0000-119.1039-0.05l FF Phase Phi=0 deg VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_05 Curve Inf o cang_deg(rerhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... SM6FHZ -50.00 Name X Y m1 0.0000-167.7911 m2-70.0000-124.9014-0.1l FF Phase Phi=0 deg VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_10 Curve Inf o cang_deg(rerhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... -75.00-75.00-120.00-100.00-100.00 cang_deg(rerhcp) [deg] -140.00-160.00 cang_deg(rerhcp) [deg] -125.00 m2 cang_deg(rerhcp) [deg] -125.00 m2-150.00-150.00 m1-180.00 Curve Info cang_deg(rerhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... -175.00 Name Delta(X) Delta(Y) Slope(Y) InvSlope(Y) d( m1,m2) -70.0000 63.3146-0.9045-1.1056 m1-175.00-200.00-100.00-75.00-50.00-25.00 0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 Theta [deg] -200.00-100.00-75.00-50.00-25.00 0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 Theta [deg] Name Delta(X) Delta(Y) Slope(Y) InvSlope(Y) -200.00 d( m1,m2 ) -70.0000 42.8897-0.6127-1.6321-100.00-75.00-50.00-25.00 0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 Theta [deg] -0.15L -0.18L -0.2L SM6FHZ -100.00 FF Phase Phi=0 deg Curve Info VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_3 SM6FHZ -50.00 FF Phase Phi=0 deg Curve Inf o VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_18 SM6FHZ -50.00 FF Phase Phi=0 deg Curve Inf o VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_20 cang_deg(rerhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... Name X Y cang_deg(rerhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... cang_deg(rerhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... -75.00 m1 0.0000-119.9562 m2-34.0000-141.9219-75.00 Name X Y m1 0.0000-116.4200 m2-70.0000-132.7457-110.00-100.00-100.00 cang_deg(rerhcp) [deg] -120.00-130.00 cang_deg(rerhcp) [deg] -125.00 m2 m1 cang_deg(rerhcp) [deg] -125.00 m2 m1-150.00-150.00-140.00-175.00-175.00 Name Delta(X) Delta(Y) Slope(Y) InvSlope(Y) d( m1,m2) -34.0000-21.9657 0.6460 1.5479-150.00-100.00-75.00-50.00-25.00 0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 Theta [deg] -200.00-100.00-75.00-50.00-25.00 0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 Theta [deg] Name Delta(X) Delta(Y) Slope(Y) InvSlope(Y) -200.00 d( m1,m2) -70.0000-16.3257 0.2332 4.2877-100.00-75.00-50.00-25.00 0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 Theta [deg] SM6FHZ -50.00-0.25L FF Phase Phi=0 deg Curve Inf o VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_25 SM6FHZ -50.00-0.30L FF Phase Phi=0 deg Curve Info VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_30 Name X Y m1 0.0000-116.4925 m2-70.0000-132.8091 cang_deg(rerhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... Name X Y m1 0.0000-123.5121 m2-70.0000-134.3548 cang_deg(rerhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-11... -75.00-75.00-100.00-100.00 cang_deg(rerhcp) [deg] -125.00 m2 m1 cang_deg(rerhcp) [deg] -125.00 m2 m1-150.00-150.00-175.00-175.00 Theta [deg] Name Delta(X) Delta(Y) Slope(Y) InvSlope(Y) -200.00 d(m1,m2) -100.00-70.0000-16.3165 0.2331-75.00 4.2901-50.00-25.00 0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00-200.00 Name Delta(X) Delta(Y) Slope(Y) InvSlope(Y) d( m1,m2 ) -70.0000-10.8427 0.1549 6.4560-100.00-75.00-50.00-25.00 0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 Swedish EME-meeting Theta [deg] May 2013 15

ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT ANSOFT Axial Ratio quick comparison Choke position relative WG-mouth SM6FHZ 12.00 10.00 8.00 0L AxialRatio VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_flush Curve Info Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-180deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-135deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-90deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-45deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... SM6FHZ 6.00 5.00 4.00-0.05L AxialRatio VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_05 Curve Inf o Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-180deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-135deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-90deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-45deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... SM6FHZ 6.00 5.00 4.00-0.1L AxialRatio VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_10 Curve Inf o Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-180deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-135deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-90deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-45deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... 6.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] -90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] -90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] -0.15L -0.18L -0.2L SM6FHZ 4.00 3.50 3.00 AxialRatio VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_3 Curve Info Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-180deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-135deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-90deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-45deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... SM6FHZ 6.00 5.00 4.00 AxialRatio VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_18 Curve Inf o Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-180deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-135deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-90deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-45deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... SM6FHZ 6.00 5.00 4.00 AxialRatio VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_20 Curve Inf o Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-180deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-135deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-90deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-45deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... 2.50 2.00 3.00 3.00 1.50 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] SM6FHZ 6.00 5.00 4.00-0.25L AxialRatio VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_25 Curve Info Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-180deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-135deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-90deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-45deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... SM6FHZ 6.00 5.00 4.00-0.3L AxialRatio VE4MA_super_SM6FHZ_30 Curve Inf o Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-180deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-135deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_len... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-90deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='-45deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_lengt... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_h='-25.4mm' WG_length... 3.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 Theta [deg] -90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 1.00 Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 16 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg]

Putting the Feed in a Dish Dish Reflexion Pointing your feed into the dish will result in a reflected wave from the dish entering the feed. The level of the reflexion coefficient (Γ) will be dependant on the gain of the feed (G), lambda (λ), and the focal length of the dish (f). Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 17

Putting the Feed in a Dish Dish Reflexion How bad can it get? With a linear feed you will see the reflected wave on the Tx port but with a circular polarized feed the reflected wave will show up in the Rx port due to the phase reversal upon the reflexion in the dish surface. This affects the isolation between Tx and Rx. 1296 MHz, VE4MA type feed in a 5.5m, 0.37 f/d dish will result in 29 db RL. 1296 MHz, W2IMU type feed in a 8m, 0.45 f/d dish will result in 26 db RL. 5760 MHz, VE4MA type feed in a 5.5m, 0.37 f/d dish will result in >40 db RL. 5760 MHz, VE4MA type feed in a 2m, 0.37 f/d dish will result in 33 db RL. 10368 MHz, VE4MA type feed in a 5.5m, 0.37 f/d dish will result in 47 db RL. 10368 MHz, VE4MA type feed in a 2m, 0.37 f/d dish will result in 38 db RL. A spread-sheet can be found on my web page for your own further testing. RA3AQ proposes using a small metal coin in the centre of the feed aperture in order to fine tune the isolation in situ. This need to be done specifically for each installation but can yield excellent isolation over a narrow frequency band Summary. This reflexion is not a major problem on the higher bands on larger dishes. If the reflexion is down below the 30 db RL region you may consider to address it. Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 18

InDish Performance A quick look at all 6 feeds

InDish Performance 23 cm (5.5 m dish) SM6FHZ 23 cm Septum feed 0.71L WG SM6FHZ 23 cm septum feed 0.795L WG Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 RHCP Total Dish diameter = 23.8 λ Feed diameter = 2 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 RHCP Total Dish diameter = 23.8 λ Feed diameter = 2 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 23 cm 0.71 L W/G feed performance 23 cm 0.795 L W/G feed performance Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 20

InDish Performance 9/6 cm SM6FHZ 9 cm Kumar feed SM6FHZ Kumar 6 cm 0.125 wl Feed Radiation Pattern Dish diameter = 62.4 λ Feed diameter = 3 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 0 db -10-20 -30 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 LHCP Total Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0.05 λ inside aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 Dish diameter = 92 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 LHCP Total Feed diameter = 5 λ Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 9 cm feed performance (5.5m dish) 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 6 cm feed performance (5.5 m dish) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 21

InDish Performance 3 cm (1.8 m dish) SM6FHZ 3 cm septum feed 0.692L WG SM6FHZ 3 cm septum feed 0.795L WG Feed Radiation Pattern Dish diameter = 63 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 0 db -10-20 -30 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 LHCP Total Feed diameter = 5 λ Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0.035 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 LHCP Total Dish diameter = 62.2 λ Feed diameter = 5 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0.03 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 3 cm 0.692 L W/G feed performance 3 cm 0.795 L W/G feed performance Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 22

SM6FHZ 23 cm 5 step septum feed 0.71 lambda W/G

Solid and transparent models from the simulation (23 cm 0.71 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 24

WG and choke dimensions (23 cm 0.71 wl WG) Phase center -5.0 Circular polarization convention for EME according to Crawford Hill Bulletin No 1: Tx RHCP in space Rx LHCP in space Take polarization reversal into account when using reflector antennas. 31 105.0 outer T= 0.5 wall T= 1.0 bottom Tx LHCP Rx RHCP 444.0 outer Wave guide 165/164 mm copper tube 654 outer 1.0 mm bottom plate included Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 25

Septum dimensions (23 cm 0.71 wl WG) 45.6 96.5 24.4 29.4 Wave guide 165/164 mm copper tube 68.8 62.8 20.3 75.7 117.6 39.1 Septum t = 0.8 mm copper 177.8 Inner measure Bottom plate not included 164.0 Bottom plate 1.0 mm copper Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 26

Probe dimensions (23 cm 0.71 wl WG) 4.0 diam. 51.3 40.7 inner Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 27

InDish performance including G/T SM6FHZ 23cm Kumar Septum Feed 0.71wl WG InDish performance including G/T Graph produced by W1GHZ Feed_GT SW Possible to compare with graph on page 3 in W1GHZ EME 2014 presentation ~0.7 db G/T advantage for this feed at 45 deg elevation and less sensitive to different elevations Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 45 -planes Dish diameter = 20 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 RHCP Total Feed diameter = 1.9 λ Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0.01 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: 25 db MAX Efficiency without phase error Illumination REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Spillover 24 db Feed Blockage G/T at 70 Elevation G/T at 45 Elevation G/T at 20 Elevation 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Parabolic Dish f/d Tsky = 5.7K TGnd = 290K Trcvr = 0K Solid Dish W1GHZ 1998, 2014 G/T 23 db 22 db 21 db 20 db 19 db 18 db 17 db Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 28

G3LTF dish performance Calculated performance for G3LTF dish with this feed Graph produced by W1GHZ Feed_GT SW Possible to compare with graph on page 17 in W1GHZ EME 2014 presentation ~0.4 db G/T advantage for this feed at 45 deg at an f/d of 0.37 Feed Radiation Pattern G3LTF 23cm SM6FHZ Kumar Septum 0.71wl 0 db -10-20 -30 45 -planes Dish diameter = 25.9 λ Feed diameter = 1.9 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 29 RHCP Total Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0.01 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: 22 db MAX Efficiency without phase error Illumination REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Spillover 21 db Feed Blockage G/T at 70 Elevation G/T at 45 Elevation G/T at 20 Elevation 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Parabolic Dish f/d Tsky = 8K TGnd = 290K Trcvr = 21K Solid Dish W1GHZ 1998, 2014 G/T 20 db 19 db 18 db 17 db 16 db 15 db 14 db

S11, S22, S21 combined (23 cm 0.71 wl WG) SM6FHZ -5.00-10.00-15.00 Name X Y m1 1.2960-33.7345 m2 1.2960-41.2471 S11, S22 and S21 combined SM6FHZ_23_Septum_134_4 ANSOFT Curve Info db(s(waveport1,waveport1)) Setup1 : Sw eep1 Prob_pos='-697.3mm' db(s(waveport2,waveport2)) Setup1 : Sw eep1 Prob_pos='-697.3mm' db(s(waveport2,waveport1)) Setup1 : Sw eep1 Prob_pos='-697.3mm' -20.00 Y1-25.00-30.00 m1-35.00-40.00 m2-45.00 1.25 1.27 1.30 1.33 1.35 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 30

3D Total Power Far Field pattern (23 cm 0.71 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 31

Far Field Pattern 0 deg (23 cm 0.71 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00 FF Pattern Phi=0 deg SM6FHZ_23_Septum_134_4 ANSOFT Name X Y 0.00 m1 0.0000 1.1456 m2-68.0000-0.0737 m3 68.0000-0.0693 m4-82.0000-5.0790 m5 82.0000-5.0498 m4 m2 m1 m3 m5-10.00-20.00 Y1-30.00-40.00-50.00-60.00 Curve Info db(dirrhcp) $Prob1D='3mm' $Prob1L='-53.55352329mm' $Prob2D='3mm' $Prob2L='54mm' $ProbPos='-686mm' Freq='1.296GHz'... db(dirlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_... -70.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 32

Far Field Phase error (23 cm 0.71 wl WG) SM6FHZ 180.00 170.00 FF Phase Theta Phi SM6FHZ_23_Septum_134_4 Curve Info ang_deg(rephi) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Prob_pos='-697.3mm' ang_deg(retheta) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='90deg' Prob_pos='-697.3mm' ANSOFT 160.00 150.00 Y1 [deg] 140.00 130.00 120.00 110.00 100.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 33

SM6FHZ 0.00-10.00 db(polarizationratiocircularlhcp) -20.00-30.00-40.00 Cross Polar Ratio (23 cm 0.71 wl WG) Cross Polarization Ratio Curve Info SM6FHZ_23_Septum_134_4 db(polarizationratiocircularlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_... db(polarizationratiocircularlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='45deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_... db(polarizationratiocircularlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='90deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_... db(polarizationratiocircularlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='135deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6... ANSOFT -50.00-60.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 34

SM6FHZ 8.00 7.00 6.00 Axial Ratio (23 cm 0.71 wl WG) AxialRatio Curve Info SM6FHZ_23_Septum_134_4 Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='45deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='90deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6_... Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='135deg' Sept2_h='-118.6mm' Sept3_h='-76.7mm' Sept4_h='-40.1mm' Sept5_h='-30.4mm' Sept6... ANSOFT 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 35

SM6FHZ 23 cm 5 step septum feed 0.795 lambda W/G

Solid and transparent models from the simulation (23 cm 0.795 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 37

WG and choke dimensions (23 cm 0.795 wl WG) Phase center 4.0 Circular polarization convention for EME according to Crawford Hill Bulletin No 1: Tx RHCP in space Rx LHCP in space Take polarization reversal into account when using reflector antennas. Tx LHCP 21 117 outer Rx RHCP 460 outer Wave guide 186/184 mm copper tube T= 0.5 wall T= 1.0 bottom 670 outer 1.0 mm bottom plate included Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 38

Septum dimensions (23 cm 0.795 wl WG) 45.6 95.7 22.0 34.0 Wave guide 186/184 mm copper tube 69.8 62.8 21.3 95.0 145.0 63.0 Septum t = 1.0 mm copper 178.8 Inner measure Bottom plate not included 184.0 Bottom plate 1.0 mm copper Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 39

Probe dimensions (23 cm 0.795 wl WG) 4.0 diam. 51.5 48.8 inner Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 40

S11, S22, S21 combined SM6FHZ -5.00-10.00-15.00 Name X Y m1 1.2960-24.7909 m2 1.2960-31.8574 m3 1.2960-34.2555 (23 cm 0.795 wl WG) S11, S22 and S21 combined SM6FHZ_septum_23_18_4 ANSOFT Curve Info db(s(1,1)) Setup1 : Sw eep Prob_pos='-686.2mm' Sept2_h='-146mm' Sept4_h='-64mm' Sept5_h='-35mm' Sept6_h='-22.95mm' db(s(2,2)) Setup1 : Sw eep Prob_pos='-686.2mm' Sept2_h='-146mm' Sept4_h='-64mm' Sept5_h='-35mm' Sept6_h='-22.95mm' db(s(2,1)) Setup1 : Sw eep Prob_pos='-686.2mm' Sept2_h='-146mm' Sept4_h='-64mm' Sept5_h='-35mm' Sept6_h='-22.95mm' -20.00 Y1-25.00 m1-30.00 m2-35.00 m3-40.00-45.00 1.20 1.23 1.25 1.28 1.30 1.33 1.35 1.38 1.40 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 41

Complex impedance Rx-port SM6FHZ (23 cm 0.795 wl WG) Smith Chart Rx-port SM6FHZ_septum_23_18_4 ANSOFT Name Freq Ang Mag RX m1 1.2970 123.2444 0.0255 0.9715 + 0.0415i 120 110 100 90 1.00 80 70 60 Curve Info S(2,2) Setup1 : Sw eep 130 0.50 2.00 50 140 40 150 30 160 0.20 5.00 20 170 10 0.00 180 0.00 0.20 0.50 m1 1.00 2.00 5.00 0-170 -10-160 -0.20-5.00-20 -150-30 -140-40 -130-0.50-2.00-50 -120-60 -110-1.00-70 -100-90 -80 Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 42

3D Total Power Far Field pattern (23 cm 0.795 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 43

Far Field Pattern 0 deg (23 cm 0.795 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00 0.00 FF Pattern, Phi=0 deg SM6FHZ_septum_23_18_4 Curve Info db(dirrhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' db(dirlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' ANSOFT -10.00-20.00 Y1-30.00-40.00-50.00-60.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 44

Far Field Phase error (23 cm 0.795 wl WG) SM6FHZ 50.00 40.00 30.00 FF Phase error SM6FHZ_septum_23_18_4 Curve Info ang_deg(rephi) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' ang_deg(retheta) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='90deg' ANSOFT 20.00 10.00 Y1 [deg] 0.00-10.00-20.00-30.00-40.00-50.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 45

Cross Polar Ratio (23 cm 0.795 wl WG) SM6FHZ 0.00-10.00 FF Cross Polar Ratio SM6FHZ_septum_23_18_4 Curve Info db(polarizationratiocircularlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' db(polarizationratiocircularlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='45deg' db(polarizationratiocircularlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='90deg' db(polarizationratiocircularlhcp) Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='135deg' ANSOFT db(polarizationratiocircularlhcp) -20.00-30.00-40.00-50.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 46

SM6FHZ 8.00 7.00 6.00 Axial Ratio (23 cm 0.795 wl WG) FF Axial Ratio SM6FHZ_septum_23_18_4 Curve Info Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='0deg' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='45deg' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='90deg' Freq='1.296GHz' Phi='135deg' ANSOFT 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 47

SM6FHZ 9 cm 5 step septum feed 0.748 lambda W/G

Model (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 49

Transparent model (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 50

WG and choke dimensions (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) Phase center 2.0 Circular polarization convention for EME according to Crawford Hill Bulletin No 1: Tx RHCP in space Rx LHCP in space Take polarization reversal into account when using reflector antennas. 11 43.5 outer T= 0.5 wall T= 1.0 bottom 176.4 outer 218.7outer 0.5 mm bottom plate included Tx LHCP Rx RHCP Wave guide 70/66 mm copper tube Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 51

Septum dimensions (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) 22 25.9 12.3 16.1 Wave guide 70/66 mm copper tube 21.5 17.1 10 53.6 35.0 23.0 Septum t = 1.0 mm copper 63.1 Inner measure Bottom plate not included 66.0 Bottom plate 0.5 mm copper Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 52

Probe dimensions (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) 2.0 diam. 19.1 16.5 inner Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 53

FF 3D Total Power pattern (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 54

FF Directivity pattern (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00 0.00 Directivity_Phi90 SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke6 Curve Info db(dirlhcp) Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='90deg' db(dirrhcp) Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='90deg' ANSOFT -10.00-20.00 Y1-30.00-40.00-50.00-60.00-70.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 55

SM6FHZ -5.00-10.00 S11, S22 and S21 combined (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) S11, S22 and S21 combined SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke6 ANSOFT Curve Info db(s(rxport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep db(s(txport,txport)) Setup1 : Sw eep db(s(txport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep -15.00 Name X Y m1 3.4000-41.3097 m2 3.4000-39.1830-20.00 Y1-25.00-30.00-35.00 m2-40.00 m1-45.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 56

Name Freq Ang Mag RX m1 3.7000 16.6154 0.1253 1.2692 + 0.0924i m2 3.4000-73.3845 0.0110 1.0061-0.0212i m3 3.2000 117.7322 0.2570 0.7156 + 0.3485i m4 3.1000 151.0225 0.4496 0.4012 + 0.2191i Complex impedance Rx-port (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) 120 110 100 Rx_port_imp 90 1.00 80 70 60 SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke6 Curve Info S(RxPort,RxPort) Setup1 : Sw eep ANSOFT 130 0.50 2.00 50 140 40 150 30 160 0.20 5.00 20 m4 m3 170 10 0.00 180 0.00 0.20 0.50 m2 1.00 m1 2.00 5.00 0-170 -10-160 -0.20-5.00-20 -150-30 -140-40 -130-0.50-2.00-50 -120-60 -110-1.00-100 -90-80 -70 Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 57

FF Phase error (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) SM6FHZ 0.00-10.00-20.00 FF Phase Error SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke6 Curve Info ang_deg(rephi) Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='0deg' ang_deg(retheta) Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='90deg' ANSOFT -30.00-40.00 Y1 [deg] -50.00-60.00-70.00-80.00-90.00-100.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 58

SM6FHZ 0.00-10.00 db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) -20.00-30.00-40.00 Cross Polarization Ratio (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) PolarizationRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke6 Curve Info db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='0deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='45deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='90deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='135deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='180deg' ANSOFT -50.00-60.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 59

Axial Ratio (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00 9.00 8.00 7.00 AxialRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke6 Curve Info Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='0deg' Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='45deg' Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='90deg' Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='135deg' Freq='3.4GHz' Phi='180deg' ANSOFT 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 60

Realization 9, 6 and 3 cm feeds comparison Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 61

Measured performance with partial septum soldering (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 62

Measured performance (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 63

Measured complex impedance (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) Reference plane about 15 mm (~0.25 WL in teflon) out from the simulated case. SMA connector on feed included in measurement. Measurement sweep 200 MHz wider than simulation sweep Very good agreement between simulated and measured performance. Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 64

InDish Performance, 1.8 and 2.2 m dish (9 cm 0.748 wl WG) SM6FHZ 9 cm septum feed in 1.8 m dish SM6FHZ 9 cm septum feed in 2.2 m dish Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 LHCP Total Dish diameter = 20.4 λ Feed diameter = 2 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0.06 λ inside aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 LHCP Total Dish diameter = 24.9 λ Feed diameter = 2 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0.06 λ inside aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 65

SM6FHZ 6 cm 5 step septum feed 0.749 lambda W/G

Solid and transparent models from the simulation (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 67

WG and choke dimensions (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) 6.0 6.5 Circular polarization convention for EME according to Crawford Hill Bulletin No 1: Tx RHCP in space Rx LHCP in space Take polarization reversal into account when using reflector antennas. Tx LHCP Rx 26 outer RHCP 103.4 outer Wave guide 42/39 mm copper tube T= 0.5 wall T= 1.0 bottom 129.5 outer 0.5 mm bottom plate included Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 68

Septum dimensions (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) 13.0 15.3 7.0 9.2 Wave guide 42/39 mm copper tube 12.7 10.1 5.9 32.0 21.0 13.0 Septum t = 1.0 mm copper 37.3 Inner measure Bottom plate not included 39.0 Bottom plate 0.5 mm copper Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 69

Probe dimensions (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) 1.3 4.4 2 3.5 diam. 10.8 11.0 inner Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 70

FF 3D Total Power pattern (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 71

FF Directivity pattern (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00-0.00 Directivity_Phi90 SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke_42_22 Curve Info db(dirlhcp) Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='90deg' db(dirrhcp) Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='90deg' ANSOFT -10.00 Y1-20.00-30.00-40.00-50.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 72

SM6FHZ -5.00-10.00 Name X Y S11, S22 and S21 combined m1 5.7600-34.6809 m2 5.7600-31.0802 (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) S11, S22 and S21 combined SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke_42_22 ANSOFT Curve Info db(s(rxport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep db(s(txport,txport)) Setup1 : Sw eep db(s(txport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep -15.00 Y1-20.00-25.00-30.00 m2-35.00 5.40 5.50 5.60 5.70 5.80 5.90 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 73 m1

Complex impedance Rx-port (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) Name Freq Ang Mag RX m1 5.5950 16.9581 0.1139 1.2414 + 0.0836i m2 5.6900-15.5465 0.0432 1.0866-0.0252i m3 5.7850-131.4701 0.0212 0.9719-0.0308i m4 5.9000 159.2115 0.0512 0.9081 + 0.0331i 120 110 Smith Chart 1 100 90 80 1.00 70 60 SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke_42_22 Curve Info S(RxPort,RxPort) Setup1 : Sw eep ANSOFT 130 0.50 2.00 50 140 40 150 30 160 0.20 5.00 20 170 10 180 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.50 m4 m1 m31.00 m2 2.00 5.00 0-170 -10-160 -0.20-5.00-20 -150-30 -140-40 -130-0.50-2.00-50 -120-60 -110-1.00-70 -100-90 -80 Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 74

Measurements (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 75

FF Phase error (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) SM6FHZ 0.00-10.00-20.00 FF_phase_combined SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke_42_22 Curve Info ang_deg(rephi) Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='0deg' ang_deg(retheta) Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='90deg' ANSOFT -30.00-40.00-50.00-60.00 Y1 [deg] -70.00-80.00-90.00-100.00-110.00-120.00-130.00-140.00-150.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 76

Cross Polarization Ratio (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00-0.00 db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) -10.00-20.00-30.00 PolarizationRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke_42_22 Curve Info db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='0deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='45deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='90deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='135deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='180deg' ANSOFT -40.00-50.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 77

Axial Ratio (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00 9.00 8.00 7.00 AxialRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke_42_22 Curve Info Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='0deg' Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='45deg' Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='90deg' Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='135deg' Freq='5.76GHz' Phi='180deg' ANSOFT 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 78

InDish Performance (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) PGP 1.8 m dish w. FHZ 6 cm Kumar feed PGP 2.2 m dish w. FHZ Kumar 6 cm feed Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 LHCP Total Dish diameter = 34.6 λ Feed diameter = 3 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 LHCP Total Dish diameter = 42.2 λ Feed diameter = 3 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 79

Realization (6 cm 0.749 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 80

SM6FHZ 3 cm 5 step septum feed 0.692 lambda W/G

Solid and transparent models from the simulation (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 82

WG and choke dimensions (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) 2.0 3.5 Circular polarization convention for EME according to Crawford Hill Bulletin No 1: Tx RHCP in space Rx LHCP in space Take polarization reversal into account when using reflector antennas. Tx LHCP Rx 14.4 outer RHCP 57.8 outer Wave guide 22/20 mm copper tube T= 0.5 wall T= 1.0 bottom 85.8 outer 1.0 mm bottom plate included Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 83

Septum dimensions (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) 7.0 8.5 3.0 4.0 Wave guide 22/20 mm copper tube 7.0 6.0 4.0 14.5 11.0 6.2 Septum t = 1.0 mm copper 24.0 Inner measure Bottom plate not included 20.0 Bottom plate 1.0 mm copper Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 84

Probe dimensions (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) 1.3 diam. 5.6 5.0 inner Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 85

S11, S22, S21 combined (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) SM6FHZ 0.00-5.00 S11, S22 & S21 combined SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4 ANSOFT Curve Info db(s(rxport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep db(s(txport,txport)) Setup1 : Sw eep db(s(txport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep -10.00 Y1-15.00-20.00 Name X Y m1 10.3600-20.8368 m2 10.4600-22.5740 m3 10.3600-25.5532 m4 10.4600-33.3663 m5 10.3600-30.3108 m6 10.4600-28.8759 m1 m2-25.00 m3 m6-30.00 m5 m4-35.00-40.00-45.00 9.50 9.75 10.00 10.25 10.50 10.75 11.00 11.25 11.50 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 86

3D Total Power Far Field pattern (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 87

Far Field Pattern 0 deg (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00 0.00 Directivity_Phi0 SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4 Curve Info db(dirlhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' db(dirrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' ANSOFT -10.00-20.00 Y1-30.00-40.00-50.00-60.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 88

Far Field Phase (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) SM6FHZ 100.00 FF_phase_Phi90 SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4 Curve Info ang_deg(retheta) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' ANSOFT 75.00 50.00 25.00 ang_deg(retheta) [deg] -0.00-25.00-50.00-75.00-100.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 89

Cross Polar Ratio (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00 0.00-10.00 PolarizationRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4 Curve Info db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='45deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='135deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='180deg' ANSOFT db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) -20.00-30.00-40.00-50.00-60.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 90

Axial Ratio (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00 9.00 8.00 7.00 AxialRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4 Curve Info Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='45deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='135deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='180deg' ANSOFT 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 91

Realization (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 92

+0.2 mm WG-diam, +1 mm septum, SM6FHZ 0.00-5.00 +1 mm WG-length (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) S11, S22 & S21 combined SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke8 ANSOFT Curve Info db(s(rxport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep db(s(txport,txport)) Setup1 : Sw eep db(s(txport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep -10.00 m2 Y1-15.00-20.00 Name X Y m1 10.3600-18.4100 m2 10.4600-14.4079 m3 10.3600-21.2322 m4 10.4600-20.0950 m5 10.3600-28.0917 m6 10.4600-19.1339 m1 m3 m6 m4-25.00 m5-30.00-35.00 9.50 9.75 10.00 10.25 10.50 10.75 11.00 11.25 11.50 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 93

WG and choke dimensions (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) 2.0 3.5 Circular polarization convention for EME according to Crawford Hill Bulletin No 1: Tx RHCP in space Rx LHCP in space Take polarization reversal into account when using reflector antennas. Tx LHCP Rx 14.4 outer RHCP 57.8 outer Wave guide 22/20.2 mm copper tube T= 0.5 wall T= 1.0 bottom 84.3 outer 1.0 mm bottom plate included Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 94

Septum dimensions (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) 7.0 8.5 2.4 3.4 Wave guide 22/20.2 mm copper tube 7.0 6.0 4.0 13.7 10.8 6.0 Septum t = 1.0 mm copper 24.0 Inner measure Bottom plate not included 20.2 Bottom plate 1.0 mm copper Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 95

Probe dimensions (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) 1.3 diam. 5.7 5.0 inner Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 96

20,2 mm WG-inner diam optimized (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) SM6FHZ 0.00-5.00 S11, S22 & S21 combined SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke10 ANSOFT Curve Info db(s(rxport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep db(s(txport,txport)) Setup1 : Sw eep db(s(txport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep -10.00 Y1-15.00-20.00 Name X Y m1 10.3600-21.6527 m2 10.4600-21.6857 m3 10.3600-24.3700 m4 10.4600-21.0303 m5 10.3600-26.7751 m6 10.4600-21.7375 m1 m4 m2 m6 m3-25.00 m5-30.00-35.00 9.50 9.75 10.00 10.25 10.50 10.75 11.00 11.25 11.50 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 97

Measurements (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 98

Far Field Pattern 0 deg (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) SM6FHZ 12.50 0.00 Directivity_Phi0 SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke10 Curve Info db(dirlhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' db(dirrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' ANSOFT -12.50-25.00 Y1-37.50-50.00-62.50-75.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 99

FF Phase error (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) SM6FHZ 0.00-10.00-20.00 FF Phase error SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke10 Curve Info ang_deg(rephi) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' Septum3_height='-11.6mm' ang_deg(retheta) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' Septum3_height='-11.6mm' ANSOFT -30.00-40.00 Y1 [deg] -50.00-60.00-70.00-80.00-90.00-100.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 100

Axial Ratio (3 cm 0.692 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00 9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 AxialRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke10 Curve Info Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='45deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='135deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='180deg' ANSOFT 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 101

SM6FHZ 3 cm 5 step septum feed 0.795 lambda W/G

Solid and transparent models from the simulation (3 cm 0.795 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 103

WG and choke dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG) 2.5 2.5 Circular polarization convention for EME according to Crawford Hill Bulletin No 1: Tx RHCP in space Rx LHCP in space Take polarization reversal into account when using reflector antennas. Tx LHCP Rx 14.9 outer RHCP 60.0 outer Wave guide 25/22 mm brass tube T= 0.5 wall T= 1.0 bottom 76.3 outer 1.0 mm bottom plate included Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 104

Septum dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG) 9.0 9.3 0.9 1.6 Wave guide 25/22 mm brass tube 8.0 7.0 5.0 15.0 8.0 3.9 Septum t = 1.0 mm copper 27.0 Inner measure Bottom plate not included 22.0 Bottom plate 1.0 mm brass Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 105

Probe dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG) 1.4 diam. 6.35 6.0 inner Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 106

S11, S22, S21 combined (3 cm 0.795 wl WG) SM6FHZ -5.00-10.00 Name X Y m1 10.3600-29.3479 m2 10.4600-29.0808 m3 10.3600-35.3186 m4 10.4600-37.1807 m5 10.3600-35.5570 m6 10.4600-36.8363 S11, S22 & S21 combined SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4_86_8 Curve Info db(s(txport,txport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.8mm' db(s(rxport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.8mm' db(s(txport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.8mm' -15.00-20.00 Y1-25.00 m1 m2-30.00-35.00 m3 m5 m6 m4-40.00 9.50 9.75 10.00 10.25 10.50 10.75 11.00 11.25 11.50 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 107

3D Total Power Far Field pattern (3 cm 0.795 wl WG) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 108

Far Field Pattern 0 deg (3 cm 0.795 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00 Directivity_Phi90 SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4_86_8 Curve Info db(dirlhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' db(dirrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' 0.00-10.00-20.00 Y1-30.00-40.00-50.00-60.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 109

Far Field Phase error (3 cm 0.795 wl WG) SM6FHZ 100.00 90.00 FF Phase error SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4_86_8 Curve Info ang_deg(rephi) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' ang_deg(retheta) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' 80.00 70.00 60.00 Y1 [deg] 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00-90.00-65.00-40.00-15.00 10.00 35.00 60.00 85.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 110

Cross Polar Ratio (3 cm 0.795 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00-0.00 PolarizationRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4_86_8 Curve Info db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='45deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='135deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='180deg' -10.00 db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) -20.00-30.00-40.00-50.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 111

Axial Ratio (3 cm 0.795 wl WG) SM6FHZ 10.00 9.00 8.00 AxialRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4_86_8 Curve Info Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='45deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='135deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='180deg' 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 112

SM6FHZ 3 cm 5 step septum feed for f/d ~0.5 0.795 lambda W/G and a Dual Mode output section

Solid and transparent models from the simulation (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 114

WG and choke dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm) Phase center flush with WG opening Circular polarization convention for EME according to Crawford Hill Bulletin No 1: Tx RHCP in space Rx LHCP in space Take polarization reversal into account when using reflector antennas. 52.5 outer 19 outer 39/42 copper tube T= 1.5 wall Tx LHCP Rx RHCP 35.0 outer Wave guide 25/22 mm brass tube 84.8 outer 1.0 mm bottom plate included Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 115

Detail of WG / transformer and output section (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm) Phase center flush with WG opening 52.5 outer 39/42 copper tube 1 mm overlap between tubes of transformer and wave guide and output section respectively. 19 outer 35.0 outer Transformer section made from 32/35 copper tube or turned from 40 mm solid brass stock to fit with WG and output section. If a tube is used, fittings between the transformer section and the wave guide and output section respectively need to be made from brass or Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 copper. 116

Septum dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm) 7.0 9.3 0.9 1.6 Wave guide 25/22 mm brass tube 8.0 7.0 5.0 15.0 8.0 3.9 Septum t = 1.0 mm copper 27.0 Inner measure Bottom plate not included 22.0 Bottom plate 1.0 mm brass Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 117

Probe dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm) 1.4 diam. 6.3 5.9 inner Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 118

Wave Guide propagation modes in SM6FHZ 10 GHz Dual Mode Feed at 0 degrees E-field H-field Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 119

InDish performance SM6FHZ 3 cm Dual Mode Feed Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 RHCP Total Dish diameter = 190 λ Feed diameter = 10 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0.006 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 120

S11, S22, S21 combined (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm) SM6FHZ 0.00-5.00 Name X Y m1 10.3600-28.5278 m2 10.4600-27.2296 m3 10.3600-29.5898 m4 10.4600-28.6964 m5 10.3600-28.9262 m6 10.4600-28.2904 S11, S22 & S21 combined SM6FHZ_septum_feed_coax_high_f_D_3 Curve Info db(s(txport,txport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.9mm' db(s(rxport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.9mm' db(s(txport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.9mm' -10.00-15.00 Y1-20.00-25.00 m2 m1 m5 m3 m6 m4-30.00-35.00 9.50 9.75 10.00 10.25 10.50 10.75 11.00 11.25 11.50 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 121

3D Total Power Far Field pattern (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 122

Far Field Pattern 0 deg (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm) SM6FHZ 12.50 Directivity_Phi0 SM6FHZ_septum_feed_coax_high_f_D_3 Curve Info db(dirlhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' db(dirrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' -0.00-12.50 Y1-25.00-37.50-50.00-62.50-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 123

Far Field Phase error (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm) SM6FHZ 180.00 170.00 160.00 FF Phase error SM6FHZ_septum_feed_coax_high_f_D_3 Curve Info ang_deg(rephi) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' Probe_pos='-65.9mm' ang_deg(retheta) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' Probe_pos='-65.9mm' 150.00 140.00 130.00 120.00 110.00 Y1 [deg] 100.00 90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 124

Cross Polar Ratio (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm) SM6FHZ 10.00 0.00 PolarizationRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_coax_high_f_D_3 Curve Info db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='45deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='135deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='180deg' -10.00 db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) -20.00-30.00-40.00-50.00-60.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 125

Axial Ratio (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm) SM6FHZ 10.00 9.00 8.00 AxialRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_coax_high_f_D_3 Curve Info Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='45deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='135deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='180deg' 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 126

SM6FHZ 3 cm 5 step septum feed 0.795 lambda W/G Using standard one inch brass / copper tubing

Solid and transparent models from the simulation (3 cm 0.795 wl WG inch tube) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 128

WG and choke dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG inch tube) 2.5 2.5 Circular polarization convention for EME according to Crawford Hill Bulletin No 1: Tx RHCP in space Rx LHCP in space Take polarization reversal into account when using reflector antennas. Tx LHCP Rx 14.9 outer RHCP 60.0 outer T= 0.5 wall T= 1.0 bottom 76.3 outer 1.0 mm bottom plate included Wave guide 1 /0.87 (0.065 wall) brass/copper tube (25.4/22.09 mm) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 129

Septum dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG inch tube) 9.0 9.3 0.9 1.6 Wave guide 1 /0.87 (0.065 wall) brass/copper tube (25.4/22.09 mm) 8.0 7.0 5.0 15.0 8.0 3.9 Septum t = 1.0 mm copper 27.0 Inner measure Bottom plate not included 22.0 Bottom plate 1.0 mm brass Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 130

Probe dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG inch tube) 1.4 diam. 6.35 6.0 inner Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 131

S11, S22, S21 combined (3 cm 0.795 wl WG inch tube) SM6FHZ -5.00-10.00 Name X Y m1 10.3600-35.3916 m2 10.4600-27.9092 m3 10.3600-40.4102 m4 10.4600-33.3774 m5 10.3600-40.8880 m6 10.4600-33.6001 S11, S22 & S21 combined SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4_86_8_inch Curve Info db(s(txport,txport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.8mm' db(s(rxport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.8mm' db(s(txport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.8mm' -15.00-20.00 Y1-25.00 m2-30.00 m4 m6-35.00 m1-40.00 m3 m5-45.00 9.50 9.75 10.00 10.25 10.50 10.75 11.00 11.25 11.50 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 132

3D Total Power Far Field pattern (3 cm 0.795 wl WG inch tube) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 133

Far Field Pattern 0 deg (3 cm 0.795 wl WG inch tube) 10.00 Directivity_Phi0 SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4_86_8_inch Curve Info db(dirlhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' db(dirrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' 0.00-10.00-20.00 Y1-30.00-40.00-50.00-60.00-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 134

Far Field Phase error (3 cm 0.795 wl WG inch tube) SM6FHZ 100.00 90.00 FF Phase error SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4_86_8_inch Curve Info ang_deg(rephi) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' ang_deg(retheta) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' 80.00 70.00 60.00 Y1 [deg] 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00-90.00-65.00-40.00-15.00 10.00 35.00 60.00 85.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 135

Cross Polar Ratio (3 cm 0.795 wl WG inch tube) SM6FHZ 10.00-0.00 PolarizationRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4_86_8_inch Curve Info db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='45deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='135deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='180deg' -10.00 db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) -20.00-30.00-40.00-50.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 136

Axial Ratio (3 cm 0.795 wl WG inch tube) SM6FHZ 10.00 9.00 8.00 AxialRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_w_choke4_86_8_inch Curve Info Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='45deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='135deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='180deg' 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 137

SM6FHZ 3 cm 5 step septum feed for f/d ~0.5 0.795 lambda W/G and a Dual Mode output section Using standard one inch brass / copper tubing

Solid and transparent models from the simulation (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tube) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 139

WG and choke dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tube) Phase center flush with WG opening Circular polarization convention for EME according to Crawford Hill Bulletin No 1: Tx RHCP in space Rx LHCP in space Take polarization reversal into account when using reflector antennas. Tx LHCP Rx RHCP 52.5 outer 19 outer 39/42 copper tube T= 1.5 wall 84.8 35.0 outer outer 1.0 mm bottom plate included Wave guide 1 /0.87 (0.065 wall) brass/copper tube (25.4/22.09 mm) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 140

Detail of WG / transformer and output section (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tube) Phase center flush with WG opening 52.5 outer 39/42 brass /copper tube 19 outer 35.0 outer 1 mm overlap between tubes of transformer and wave guide and output section respectively. Transformer section made from 32/35 copper tube or turned from 40 mm solid brass stock to fit with WG and output section. If a tube is used, fittings between the transformer section and the wave guide and output section respectively need to be made from brass or Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 copper. 141

Septum dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tube) 7.0 9.3 0.9 1.6 Wave guide 1 /0.87 (0.065 wall) brass/copper tube (25.4/22.09 mm) 8.0 7.0 5.0 15.0 8.0 3.9 Septum t = 1.0 mm copper 27.0 Inner measure Bottom plate not included 22.0 Bottom plate 1.0 mm brass Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 142

Probe dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tube) 1.4 diam. 6.3 5.9 inner Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 143

InDish performance inch tube SM6FHZ 3 cm Dual Mode Feed Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 RHCP Total Dish diameter = 190 λ Feed diameter = 10 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0.006 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 144

S11, S22, S21 combined (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tube) SM6FHZ 0.00-5.00 Name X Y m1 10.3600-29.4905 m2 10.4600-25.8835 m3 10.3600-30.4156 m4 10.4600-28.2148 m5 10.3600-30.6459 m6 10.4600-28.3498 S11, S22 & S21 combined SM6FHZ_septum_feed_coax_high_f_D_3_inch Curve Info db(s(txport,txport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.9mm' db(s(rxport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.9mm' db(s(txport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.9mm' -10.00-15.00 Y1-20.00-25.00 m2 m4 m6 m1-30.00 m3 m5-35.00 9.50 9.75 10.00 10.25 10.50 10.75 11.00 11.25 11.50 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 145

3D Total Power Far Field pattern (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tube) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 146

Far Field Pattern 0 deg (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tube) SM6FHZ 12.50 Directivity_Phi0 SM6FHZ_septum_feed_coax_high_f_D_3_inch Curve Info db(dirlhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' db(dirrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' -0.00-12.50 Y1-25.00-37.50-50.00-62.50-200.00-150.00-100.00-50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 147

Far Field Phase error (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tube) SM6FHZ 150.00 FF Phase error SM6FHZ_septum_feed_coax_high_f_D_3_inch Curve Info ang_deg(rephi) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' Probe_pos='-65.9mm' ang_deg(retheta) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' Probe_pos='-65.9mm' 140.00 130.00 Y1 [deg] 120.00 110.00 100.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 148

SM6FHZ 10.00 0.00 Cross Polar Ratio (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tube) PolarizationRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_coax_high_f_D_3_inch Curve Info db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='45deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='135deg' db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='180deg' -10.00 db(polarizationratiocircularrhcp) -20.00-30.00-40.00-50.00-60.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 149

Axial Ratio (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tube) SM6FHZ 10.00 9.00 8.00 AxialRatio SM6FHZ_septum_feed_coax_high_f_D_3_inch Curve Info Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='0deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='45deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='90deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='135deg' Freq='10.368GHz' Phi='180deg' 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.00-0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Theta [deg] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 150

SM6FHZ 3 cm 5 step septum feed for f/d ~0.5 0.795 lambda W/G and a Dual Mode output section Using standard one inch brass / copper tubing and 1.625 tube for choke

Solid and transparent models from the simulation (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tubing) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 152

WG and choke dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tubing) Phase center flush with WG opening Circular polarization convention for EME according to Crawford Hill Bulletin No 1: Tx RHCP in space Rx LHCP in space Take polarization reversal into account when using reflector antennas. Tx LHCP Rx RHCP 52.5 outer 19 outer 1.625 /1.527 brass/copper tube (0.049 wall) T= 1.5 wall 84.8 35.0 outer outer 1.0 mm bottom plate included Wave guide 1 /0.87 (0.065 wall) brass/copper tube (25.4/22.09 mm) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 153

Detail of WG / transformer and output section (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tubing) Phase center flush with WG opening 52.5 outer 1.625 /1.527 brass/copper tube (0.049 wall) 19 outer 35.0 outer 1 mm overlap between tubes of transformer and wave guide and output section respectively. Transformer section made from 32/35 copper tube or turned from 40 mm solid brass stock to fit with WG and output section. If a tube is used, fittings between the transformer section and the wave guide and output section respectively need to be made from brass or Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 copper. 154

Septum dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tubing) 7.0 9.3 0.9 1.6 Wave guide 1 /0.87 (0.065 wall) brass/copper tube (25.4/22.09 mm) 8.0 7.0 5.0 15.0 8.0 3.9 Septum t = 1.0 mm copper 27.0 Inner measure Bottom plate not included 22.0 Bottom plate 1.0 mm brass Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 155

Probe dimensions (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tubing) 1.4 diam. 6.3 5.9 inner Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 156

InDish performance inch tubing SM6FHZ 3 cm Dual Mode Feed Feed Radiation Pattern 0 db -10-20 -30 RHCP Total Dish diameter = 190 λ Feed diameter = 10 λ Parabolic Dish Efficiency % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Feed Phase Angle 90 67.5 45 22.5 0-22.5-45 -67.5 E-plane H-plane -90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rotation Angle around specified Phase Center = 0.006 λ beyond aperture MAX Possible Efficiency with XPOL loss & Phase error MAX Possible Efficiency with Phase error AFTER LOSSES: MAX Efficiency without phase error REAL WORLD at least 15% lower Illumination Spillover Feed Blockage 1 db 2 db 3 db 4 db 5 db 6 db 7 db 8 db 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 Parabolic Dish f/d W1GHZ 1998, 2010 Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 157

S11, S22, S21 combined (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tubing) SM6FHZ 0.00-5.00 Name X Y m1 10.3600-29.1854 m2 10.4600-25.8106 m3 10.3600-30.1736 m4 10.4600-28.0052 m5 10.3600-30.5306 m6 10.4600-28.2755 S11, S22 & S21 combined SM6FHZ_septum_feed_coax_high_f_D_3_inch_inch Curve Info db(s(txport,txport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.9mm' db(s(rxport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.9mm' db(s(txport,rxport)) Setup1 : Sw eep Probe_pos='-65.9mm' -10.00-15.00 Y1-20.00-25.00 m2 m4 m6 m1-30.00 m3 m5-35.00 9.50 9.75 10.00 10.25 10.50 10.75 11.00 11.25 11.50 Freq [GHz] Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 158

3D Total Power Far Field pattern (3 cm 0.795 wl WG Dual Mode 39mm inch tubing) Swedish EME-meeting May 2013 159

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