SECTION 06100 ROUGH CARPENTRY PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 RELATED DOCUMENTS A. Drawings and general provisions of Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division-1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section. 1.02 SUMMARY A. Rough carpentry includes but is not limited to the following: 1. Wood framing. 2. Timbers for posts and beams. 3. Rooftop equipment and support curbs. 4. Wood grounds, nailers, blocking and sleepers. 5. Wood furring. 6. Sheathing. 7. Preservative treatment. 8. Fire-retardant treatment. 9. Backing panels. 1.03 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. Comply with provisions of following codes, specifications, and standards, except where more stringent requirements are shown or specified: 1.04 SUBMITTALS 1. 1994 Uniform Building Code. 2. Lumber Standards: Comply with UBC Standard 23-1 and with applicable rules of the respective grading and inspecting agencies for species and products indicated. 3. Plywood Product Standards: Comply with UBC Standard 23-2. A. Wood Treatment Data: Submit treatment manufacturer's instructions for proper use of each type of treated material.
1. Preservative Treatment: Include certification by treating plant stating chemicals and process used, net amount of preservative retained and conformance with applicable standards. 1.05 PRODUCT HANDLING A. Delivery and Storage: Keep materials dry at all times. Protect against exposure to weather and contact with damp or wet surfaces. Stack lumber and plywood, and provide air circulation within stacks. 1.06 JOB CONDITIONS A. Coordination: Fit carpentry work to other work; scribe and cope as required for accurate fit. Coordinate location of furring, nailers, blocking, grounds and similar supports to allow proper attachment of other work. PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2.01 LUMBER, GENERAL A. Provide lumber species, grades and characteristics as indicated on structural drawings or if not indicated provide as herein specified. B. Factory mark each piece of lumber with type, grade, mill, and grading agency, except omit marking from surfaces to be exposed with transparent finish or without finish. C. Nominal sizes are indicated, except as shown by detail dimensions. Provide actual sizes as required by UBC Standard 23-1, for moisture content specified for each use. D. Provide dressed lumber, S4S, unless otherwise indicated. E. Provide seasoned lumber with 19 percent maximum moisture content at time of dressing. 2.02 FRAMING LUMBER (2" THROUGH 4" THICK) A. For light framing (less than 6" wide), provide the following grade and species: 1. Construction grade, Douglas Fir.
B. For structural framing (6" and wider and from 2" to 4" thick), provide the following grade and species: 1. No. 1 or No. 2 grade, Douglas Fir, (WCLB or WWPA) as indicated on drawings. C. Exposed Framing Lumber (2" Through 4" Thick): 2.03 TIMBERS 1. Where framing will not be concealed by other work, provide the following grade and species: a. Douglas Fir, Appearance Framing (WCLB or WWPA). A. Douglas fir-larch, select structural grade (clear). 2.04 BOARDS A. Concealed Boards: Where boards will be concealed by other work, provide lumber of 19 percent maximum moisture content (S-DRY or KD-19) and of following species and grade: 1. Any species graded "Construction Boards" or "No. 3 Common" per WCLIB or WWPA rules. 2.05 MISCELLANEOUS LUMBER A. Provide wood for support or attachment of other construction including cant strips, bucks, nailers, blocking, furring, grounds, stripping, and similar members. 1. Moisture content: 19 percent maximum. B. Grade: Construction grade light-framing-size lumber of any species or board-size lumber as required. Provide construction grade boards (RIS or WCLB) or No. 2 boards (WWPA). 2.06 PLYWOOD A. Trademark: Identify each plywood panel with appropriate APA trademark.
B. Wall Sheathing: APA Rated, thickness and grade as indicated on drawings. 1. Exposure Durability Classification: Exterior. 2. Span Rating: 24/0. C. Roof Sheathing: APA Rated, thickness and grade as indicated on drawings. 1. Exposure Durability Classification: Exposure 1. 2. Span Rating: 40/20. D. Plywood Backing Panels: For mounting electrical or telephone equipment, provide fire-retardant treated by plywood panels with grade designation, APA C-D PLUGGED INT with exterior glue in thickness indicated, or if not otherwise indicated, not less than 1/2". 2.07 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS A. Fasteners and Anchorages: Provide size, type, material and finish as indicated and as recommended by applicable standards, complying with applicable Federal Specifications for nails, staples, screws, bolts, nuts, washers and anchoring devices. Provide metal hangers and framing anchors of the size and type recommended by the manufacturer for each use including recommending nails. 1. Where rough carpentry work is exposed to weather, in ground contact, or in area of high relative humidity, provide fasteners and anchorages with a hot-dip zinc coating (ASTM A 153). B. Building Paper: Asphalt saturated felt, nonperforated, ASTM 226. 2.08 PRESERVATIVE TREATED WOOD A. Where lumber or plywood is indicated as preservative- treated wood, "treated" or is specified herein to be treated, comply with applicable requirements of AWPA Standards C2 (Lumber) and C9 (Plywood), and of AWPB Standards listed below. Mark each treated item with the AWPB or SPIB Quality Mark Requirements. 1. Pressure-treat above-ground items with water-borne preservatives complying with AWPB LP-2.
a. Wood cants, nailers, curbs, blocking, stripping, and similar members in connection with roofing, flashing, vapor barriers, and waterproofing. b. Wood sills, sleepers, blocking, furring, stripping, and similar concealed members in contact with masonry or concrete. c. Wood framing members less than 18-inches above grade. B. Complete fabrication of treated items prior to treatment, where possible. If cut after treatment, coat cut surfaces with heavy brush coat of same chemical used for treatment. Inspect each piece of lumber or plywood after drying and discard damaged or defective pieces. PART 3 - EXECUTION 3.01 INSTALLATION, GENERAL A. Discard units of material with defects that impair quality of rough carpentry construction and that are too small to use in fabricating rough carpentry with minimum joints or optimum joint arrangement. B. Set rough carpentry to required levels and lines, with members plumb and true to line and cut and fitted. C. Securely attach rough carpentry work to substrate by anchoring and fastening as required by recognized standards. Countersink nail heads on exposed carpentry work and fill holes. D. Use common wire nails, unless otherwise indicated. Use finishing nails for finish work. Select fasteners of size that will not penetrate members where opposite side will be exposed to view or will receive finish materials. Make tight connections between members. Install fasteners without splitting of wood; predrill as required. 3.02 WOOD GROUNDS, NAILERS, BLOCKING, AND SLEEPERS A. Provide, where shown and where required, for screeding or attachment of other work. Form to shapes as shown and cut as required for true line and level of work to be attached. Coordinate location with other work involved.
B. Attach to substrates as required to support applied loading. Countersink bolts and nuts flush with surfaces, unless otherwise indicated. Build into masonry during installation of masonry work. Where possible, anchor to formwork before concrete placement. C. Install permanent grounds of dressed, preservative treated, key-bevelled lumber not less than 1-1/2-inches wide and of thickness required to bring face of ground to exact thickness of finish material involved. Remove temporary grounds when no longer required. 3.03 WOOD FRAMING, GENERAL A. Provide framing members of sizes and on spacings shown, and frame openings as shown, or if not shown, comply with recommendations of "Manual for House Framing" of National Forest Products Association. Do not splice structural members between supports. B. Anchor and nail as shown, and to comply with "Recommended Nailing Schedule" of "Manual for House Framing" and other recommendations of NFPA. C. Firestop concealed spaces with wood blocking not less than 2" thick, if not blocked by other framing members. Provide blocking at each building floor level and at ends of joist spans. 3.04 JOIST FRAMING A. General: Provide framing of sizes and spacings shown. Install with crown edge up and support ends of each member with not less than 1-1/2" of bearing members by toe nailing or metal connectors; frame to wood supporting members with wood ledges as shown, or if not shown, with metal connectors. Fire-cut members built into masonry (if any). Frame openings with headers and trimmers supported by metal joist hangers; double headers and trimmers where span of header exceeds 4'. Do not notch in middle third of joists; limit notches to 1/10-depth of joist, 1/4 at ends. Do not bore holes larger than 1/3-depth of joist or locate closer than 2" from top or bottom. Provide solid blocking (2" thick by depth of joist) at ends of joists unless nailed to header or bearing member. B. Lap members framing from opposite sides of beams, girders or partitions not less than 4-inches or securely tie opposing members together. Install solid blocking (2-inches thick by depth of joist) over supports. C. Under jamb studs at openings, install solid blocking between joists.
D. Install bridging of type indicated below between joists where nominal depth-to-thickness ratio exceeds 4 at intervals of 8-feet. Solid wood bridging 2-inches thick by depth of joist, end nailed to joist. 3.05 CEILING JOIST FRAMING A. Ceiling Joists: 3.06 RAFTERS 1. Provide member size and spacing shown, and as previously specified for joist framing. Face nail to ends of parallel rafters. 2. Where principal ceiling joists are at right angles to rafters, frame as indicated with additional short joists from wall plate to first joist; nail to ends of rafters and to top plate and nail to long joists or anchor with framing anchors or metal straps. Install 1 by 8 or 2 by 4 stringers spaced 4-feet o.c., crosswise over principal ceiling joists. A. Provide member size and spacing shown. Notch to fit exterior wall plates and toe nail or use special metal framing anchors. Double rafters to form headers and trimmers at openings in roof framing (if any), and support with metal hangers. Where rafters abut at ridge, place directly opposite each other and nail to ridge member or use metal ridge hangers. 1. At valleys, provide valley rafter of size shown, or if not shown, provide rafter twice as thick as regular rafters and 2" deeper. Bevel ends of jack rafters for full bearing against valley rafter. 2. At hips, provide hip rafters of size shown, or if not shown, provide of same thickness as regular rafters and 2" deeper. Bevel ends of jack rafters for full bearing against hip rafters. B. Provide special framing as shown for eaves, overhangs, dormers and similar conditions, if any. 3.07 TIMBER FRAMING A. Provide wood beams and girders of the size and spacing shown. Install with crown edge up and provide not less than 4" bearing on supports. Provide continuous members unless shown; tie together over supports if not continuous.
B. Where beams or girders are framed into pockets of exterior concrete or masonry walls, provide 1/2-inch air space between sides and ends of wood members and supporting wall. C. Where built-up beams or girders of nominal 2-inch dimension lumber on edge are shown, fasten together with 2 rows of 20d nails spaced not less than 32-inches o.c. Locate one row near top edge and other near bottom edge. Locate end joints in members over supports; for continuous members, stagger ends at quarter points between supports. D. Install wood posts of the sizes shown using metal anchoring and attachment devices indicated. 3.08 INSTALLATION OF PLYWOOD A. General: Comply with applicable recommendations contained in Form No. E30, "APA Design/Construction Guide - Residential & Commercial," for types of construction panels and applications indicated. B. Fastening Methods: Fasten panels as indicated below: 1. Sheathing: Nail to framing. 2. Plywood Backing Panels: Nail to supports. C. Install metal plyclips between joist bays for all plywood edges not supported by blocking. **END OF SECTION**