MARITIME CLUSTERS SUPPORTING RESEARCH & INNOVATION TO ENHANCE BLUE ECONOMY ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRIPLE HELIX MATRIX University of the Aegean
Contents of the presentation CoRINThos project - General information, Objectives Foreseen Activities Triple Helix approach Methodological framework Triple Helix Matrix Concept/ Objective Methodology Targets and Factors Structure Use Questionnaires
CoRINThos Project (1/4) Identified problem: Leading Maritime traditional sectors and Blue economy new ones represent a vital and unique element for Mediterranean prosperity and economic growth Maritime clusters have key potentialities to foster this economic growth. However Maritime cluster is still a new concept in the Mediterranean Basin as single area and even though, locally, there are some advanced examples, a Med basin approach is missing In this framework, R&D, which is one of the core driving factors for successful maritime clusters, has not been fully exploited yet
CoRINThos Project (2/4) CoRINThos Project Maritime Clusters Supporting Research & Innovation to Enhance Blue Economy Entrepreneurship has been approved in the framework of MED Programme. Duration: 01/07/2014-30/06/2014 Total budget: 569.770 Partnership: Official Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Shipping of Seville (SPAIN) Maritime Cluster of Balearic Islands (SPAIN) Chamber of Commerce Industry Craft and Agriculture of Venice (ITALY) Maritime Institute of Eastern Mediterranean (CYPRUS) University of the Aegean Research Unit (GREECE)
CoRINThos Project (3/4) Objectives: Tackle R&D gaps as driving factor of maritime clusters identifying and contextualizing them through Blue economy sectors & geographical ecosystemic synergies at national and transnational level. Foreseen Activities: National MAPPING of existing and potential MED Maritime Clusters BENCHMARKING analysis with EU and other Best Practices on Maritime Clusters TRIPLE HELIX MATRIX BLUE ECONOMY MAPS Elaboration of HYPOTHESIS OF BLUE ECONOMY SCENARIA Preparation of Med Region ACTION PLAN Elaboration of ToRs for next Programming Period
CoRINThos Project (4/4) Pilot Maritime clusters that will be analyzed during the project: COUNTRY MARITIME SPAIN Cluster Maritimo de les Illes Balearic Maritime Cluster of Murcia ITALY GREECE CYPRUS Federazione del Mare Greek Maritime Cluster (potential) Maritime Cluster of Eastern Mediterranean (potential)
Triple Helix Approach (1/7) The Triple Helix approach emerged in mid 1990s BUSINESS CLUSTER Interaction among the three actors: 1. Business 2. State 3. University From bilateral relations we move to trilateral cooperation AIM Promote economic growth based on knowledge
Triple Helix Approach (2/7) Triple Helix A conceptual framework for the changing position of universities, business and government, within the systems of innovation Growing interaction between institutional bodies as innovation systems (Etzkowitz, 2002). Each organization must be involved in the roles of the other. Universities adopt business roles as marketing and spin-offs, and companies adopt a research dimension.
Triple Helix Approach (3/7) Joint entropy in a triple helix system using the logical operator
Triple Helix Approach (4/7) Mutual information in a triple helix system using the logical operator
Triple Helix Approach (5/7) Configurational information in a Triple Helix system
Triple Helix Approach (6/7) The Triple Helix concept combines the following elements: University more evident and active role in innovation, equally as business and government in a knowledge based society More collaborative approach among the three factors, in which innovation strategy constitutes a result of interaction Each institutional sphere fulfills not only its traditional role but also takes the role of the other factor Source of Innovation
Triple Helix Approach (7/7) Triple Helix Model Institution Business State University Source of: Production Contractual relations that guarantee stable interactions and exchange New knowledge and technology
Triple Helix Matrix Concept: Main goal of the matrix map potentials, initiatives and gaps to create successful maritime clusters focused on R&D activities Define sound proposals at transnational level that Ensure their related sustainability and further development during the hypothesis of Blue Economy scenario. Depict and define the current state of the existing and potential maritime clusters in a more clear and comparable way. Identify the existing gaps that inhibit the further development of the clusters Point out remarkable characteristics and practices that could serve as examples
Methodological Steps: Triple Helix Matrix 1st Step Identification of TARGETS and FACTORS that will constitute the components of the Matrix Nov. 14 2nd Step Elaboration of the Matrix 3rd Step Development of the questionnaires 4th Step Filling in the questionnaires Mar. 15 5th Step Elaboration of the National Blue Economy Maps 6th Step Elaboration of the Blue Economy Maps at Med level April. 14 7th Step Definition of the hypothesis of Blue Economy scenaria
Triple Helix Matrix Mapping maritime clusters SPAIN - Cluster Maritimo de les Illes Balearic - Maritime Cluster of Murcia ITALY Federazione del Mare GREECE Greek Maritime Cluster CYPRUS Maritime Cluster of Eastern Mediterranean MATRIX (TRIPLE HELIX MACRO REGIONAL) Regional Blue Maps SPAIN Shipbuilding/ Ship repair, Transportation/ Shipping, Fisheries, Offshore Oil & Gas, Tourism, Aquaculture, Surveillance & New Technologies, Maritime Services ITALY Shipbuilding/ Ship repair, Transportation/ Shipping, Fisheries, Tourism, Surveillance & New Technologies, Maritime Services GREECE Shipbuilding/ Ship repair, Transportation/ Shipping, Tourism, Surveillance & New Technologies CYPRUS Transportation/ Shipping, Fisheries, Offshore Oil & Gas, Tourism, Aquaculture Sectoral Blue Maps MED- Shipbuilding/ Ship repair MED- Transportation/ Shipping MED- Fisheries MED- Offshore Oil & Gas MED- Tourism MED- Aquaculture MED- Surveillance & New Technologies MED- Maritime Services
Triple Helix Matrix Structure (1/5): The Triple Helix Matrix will be a table consisting of Horizontal and Vertical Indicators that will be combined through specific questions. Aiming at identifying the axes of the Matrix, it is necessary to define: the Targets, in other words the objectives that the Clusters should achieve through their operation and the Factors, in other words, the means that will contribute to the implementation of the above mentioned objectives. The Targets will constitute the horizontal axis of the Matrix and the Factors the vertical.
Triple Helix Matrix Structure (2/5): Source of Targets and Factors project s objectives, the definition of successful clusters as well as the main relevant EU policy papers and strategies on Clusters Targets R&D and Innovation Sustainability / Environmental Protection Competitiveness / Comparative Advantage Internationalization Development Factors Legislative Framework Structure/ Functions Knowledge Management Financing Channels / Access to finance Networking
Triple Helix Matrix Structure (3/5): The identified initiatives comprise a combination of five main Targets and five main Factors. Each Target can be achieved by the proposed Factors within the operation of the mapped maritime clusters. The MATRIX is composed of 25 boxes sets of combinations among TARGETS and FACTORS. The objective is to combine each Factor with each Target through the reply to specific questions. Triple Helix approach Interviews with representatives of the State ( S ), the Academia ( A ) and Business sector ( B ) that will propose specific initiatives from their point of view combining each Target with each Factor.
Triple Helix Matrix Structure (4/5): The MATRIX will be used as a guideline for the elaboration of the questionnaire. The questions will have as objective to define the role of each Factor in the achievement of each Target. There are 2 steps to fill in the Matrix and create the Blue Economy Maps: Step 1- Desktop research/ existing input: All partners will try to answer the questions for each sector that their National Maritime clusters cover. The questions that cannot be answered by taking into consideration the operation of each identified cluster will result in empty cells and will imply that there are the specific gaps. Step 2- Field work/ macro regional approach: The partner will arrange with representative(s) of each part of the Triple Helix model ( S B A ) in order to give their opinion and propose initiatives that could combine the Factors with the Targets.
FACTORS Triple Helix Matrix Structure (5/5): T1- R&D and Innovation COUNTRY / MARITIME SECTOR TARGETS T3- T2- Sustainability/ T4- Competitiveness / Environmental Internationalization Comparative Protection Advantage T5- Development F1- Legislative Framework F2- Structure/ Functions F3- Knowledge Management F4- Financing Channels / Access to finance F5- Networking 1 st Step Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input 2 nd Step S: S: S: S: S: A: A: A: A: A: B: B: B: B: B: 1 st Step Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input 2 nd Step S: S: S: S: S: A: U: A: A: A: B: B: B: B: B: 1 st Step Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input 2 nd Step S: S: S: S: S: A: A: A: A: A: B: B: B: B: B: 1 st Step Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input S: S: S: S: S: 2 nd Step A: A: A: A: A: B: B: B: B: B: 1 st Step Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input Cluster s input 2 nd Step S: S: S: S: S: A: A: A: A: A: B: B: B: B: B:
Triple Helix Matrix Questionnaires (1/5) Target 1- R&D and Innovation (T1) R&D and Innovation (F1) Legislative Framework: How does the legislative framework/ regulatory bodies/policy makers/ contribute to the adoption and enhancement of R&D and Innovation activities within the operation of the cluster? (T1) R&D and Innovation (F2) Structure: How does the cluster s structure and functions support the integration of R&D and Innovation activities within its operation? Does it have members that are for example Institutes or does it have R&D department? (T1) R&D and Innovation (F3) Knowledge Management: Do the cluster s members organize training sessions / seminars on R&D and Innovation? Does the educational level of the staff permit the implementation of R&D activities? (T1) R&D and Innovation (F4) Financing Channels / Access to finance: Has the cluster access to financing channels in order to support R&D and Innovation activities? Have its members invested in R&D? (T1) R&D and Innovation (F5) Networking: Do the cluster s members have liaisons with other clusters/ organizations that could support them in the adoption of R&D and Innovation activities?
Triple Helix Matrix Questionnaires (2/5) Target 2 - Sustainability / Environmental Protection (T2) Sustainability / Environmental Protection (F1) Legislative Framework: How does the legislative framework/ regulatory bodies/policy makers/ contribute to the application of initiatives that protect the environment through the operation of the cluster? (T2) Sustainability / Environmental Protection (F2) Structure: How does the cluster s structure and functions support the application of initiatives that protect the environment through the operation of the cluster? (T2) Sustainability / Environmental Protection (F3) Knowledge Management: Do the cluster s members organize training sessions / seminars on Sustainability and Environmental Protection? (T2) Sustainability / Environmental Protection (F4) Financing Channels / Access to finance: Has the cluster access to financing channels in order to invest in equipment for the protection of the environment? Have its members invested in equipment for the protection of the environment? (T2) Sustainability / Environmental Protection (F5) Networking: Do the cluster s members have liaisons with other clusters/ organizations that could support them in the adoption of practices or applications that protect the environment?
Triple Helix Matrix Questionnaires (3/5) Target 3 - Competitiveness / Comparative Advantage (T3) Competitiveness/ Comparative Advantage (F1) Legislative Framework: How does the legislative framework/ regulatory bodies/policy makers/ internal regulations contribute to the enhancement of competitiveness for the cluster? (T3) Competitiveness/ Comparative Advantage (F2) Structure: Does the cluster s structure and functions support the creation of a comparative advantage in comparison to other clusters or partnerships? Does its structure and functions boost its competitiveness? (T3) Competitiveness/ Comparative Advantage (F3) Knowledge Management: Do the cluster s members organize training sessions / seminars on competitiveness/ entrepreneurship? Does the educational level of the staff constitute a comparative advantage of the cluster? (T3) Competitiveness/ Comparative Advantage (F4) Financing Channels / Access to finance: Has the cluster access to financing channels in order to support its competitiveness in the respective market? (T3) Competitiveness/ Comparative Advantage (F5) Networking: Do the cluster s members have liaisons with other clusters/ organizations that could play a crucial role in their competitiveness/ comparative advantage?
Triple Helix Matrix Questionnaires (4/5) Target 4 - Internationalization (T4) Internationalization (F1) Legislative Framework: How does the legislative framework/ regulatory bodies/policy makers/ internal regulations contribute to the internationalization of the cluster s activities? (T4) Internationalization (F2) Structure: Does the cluster s structure and functions support the internationalization of the cluster s activities? (T4) Internationalization (F3) Knowledge Management: Do the cluster s members organize training sessions / seminars on internationalization? Does the educational level of the staff permit the internationalization of its activities? (T4) Internationalization (F4) Financing Channels / Access to finance: Has the cluster access to financing channels in order to support its internationalization? Have its members invested in relative sectors? (T4) Internationalization (F5) Networking: Do the cluster s members have liaisons with other clusters/ organizations that could support their efforts for internationalization and the cooperation with other partnerships/ clusters?
Triple Helix Matrix Questionnaires (5/5) Target 5 - Development (T5) Development (F1) Legislative Framework: How does the legislative framework/ regulatory bodies/policy makers/internal regulations contribute to the development of the cluster? (T5) Development (F2) Structure: Does the cluster s structure and functions support the development of the cluster/ the promotion of several imperatives of Blue Growth? (T5) Development (F3) Knowledge Management: Do the cluster s members organize training sessions / seminars aiming at enhancing its development? (T5) Development (F4) Financing Channels / Access to finance: Has the cluster access to financing channels in order to enhance its development and further growth? (T5) Development (F5) Networking: Do the cluster s members have liaisons with other clusters/ organizations/ partnerships that could support them in boosting their development and the promotion of Blue Growth imperatives/ their involvement in several maritime sectors?
FACTORS Triple Helix Matrix GREECE/ SHIPPING SECTOR Example T1- R&D and Innovation T2- Sustainability/ Environmental Protection TARGETS T3- Competitiveness / T4- Comparative Internationalization Advantage T5- Development F1- Legislative Framework 1 st Step 2 nd Step S: Initiative S: S: S: S: U: Initiative U: U: U: U: B: Initiative B: B: B: B: No GAP F2- Structure/ Functions 1 st Step 2 nd Step No GAP S: S: S: S: S: U: U: U: U: U: B: B: B: B: B: No GAP F3- Knowledge Management 1 st Step 2 nd Step No GAP S: S: S: S: S: U: U: U: U: U: B: B: B: B: B: F4- Financing Channels / Access to finance 1 st Step 2 nd Step S: S: S: S: S: U: U: U: U: U: B: B: B: B: B: F5-1 st Step No GAP No GAP Networking 2 nd Step S: S: S: S: S: U: U: U: U: U: B: B: B: B: B:
Triple Helix Matrix Involvement of the Scientific Committee Members Nov. 14 Participation in the 1 st Scientific Committee Meeting in Cyprus- Validation of the Triple Helix Matrix Mar. 15 Comments on Blue Economy Maps Apr. 15 Participation in the 2 nd Scientific Committee Meeting in Greece Validation of Blue Economy Maps and elaboration of Hypothesis of Blue Economy scenaria
MARITIME CLUSTERS SUPPORTING RESEARCH & INNOVATION TO ENHANCE BLUE ECONOMY ENTREPRENEURSHIP THANK YOU! University of the Aegean